chan ie se shekens perenne sa s : Fafa Coa a SA Eric et Kent viet eaters ae : be etek ta Sera Siaica iam cnncicocs os oe oer x bare rahehnarea tases : > ‘ oe Saeed thgei miniasthene earn So eee, Ruled acai? ke besa Seer ‘ ae : Sp atiae SPAS ate a sas eae Meietartanusat st BEE RENAN ea Seer rarart repetis waa pari mite Sewer seta tea : siete am Ate ape : aie Nite Tangeenatiee aeoaaes aon an ie eh cake sree oI ae sb yaaa -Moon AE w.F J) J Bookbinders (ol ! Ce 03) 9836 1800 a istered by Australia Post oj , lication No. NBHO770__ ? ( a | a | - \ AUTUMN 1988 Forward flowering size divisions of specially selected Cattleyas now available. All plants have flowered previously and are guaranteed to be of high quality. Tiffin Bells ‘Orchidglades’ 50.00 Blc. Yellow Bell ‘Queen’ 75.00 Leopoldii, Alba 200.00 Blc. Lucky Strike ‘Gold Ring’ 75.00 Eileen White ‘Mitzi’ i Laeliocatonia Roy Fields Earl ‘Imperialis’ 60.00 ‘Zuma Canyon’ 100.00 Margaret Degenhardt ‘Saturn’ 100. Lc. Chit Chat “Tangerine” 75.00 President Kennedy Le. Tropic Glow x Keith Roth “Snow White’ 60.00 (Non-stop flowering — Red) 80.00 . Princess Bells “Betty’s Bouquet’ 50.00 Lc. Fair Catherine 75.00 . Pastoral ‘Innocence’ 60.00 Le. Persepolis ‘Splendor’ 60.00 . Helen Brown ‘Sweet Afton’ 75.00 Ic. Prism Palette ‘Christmas . Pamela Hetherington’ Candy’ 75.00 ‘Coronation’ 75.00 Le. Prism Palette “Tricolor’ 75.00 . Rattanakosin ‘Botany Bay’ 150.00 Le. Chicanery x Blc, Orange . Blumen Insel ‘Jack Queen Aoki’ 150.00 Nugget 200.00 . Mem. Crispin Rosales Slc. Eva Marie Barnet ‘Magnificent “Ruen Yuan’ 100.00 Watermelon Gold’ . Riff Red ‘Botany Bay’ 100.00 (Div. Mother Plant) 350.00 . Helen Brown ‘Show Piece’ 60.00 . Mem. Crispin Rosales é i ‘Fong Yuan’ 75.00 Superior Species . Ranger Six ‘A-OK.’ C. _harrisoniae, Alba . Malworth ‘Orchidglades’ ‘Zuma Canyon’ 100.00 . Bryce Canyon ‘Splendiferous’ C. _ schilleriana “Botany Bay’ 100.00 . Lucky Strike ‘Kultana’ C. porphryoglossa ‘Botany Bay’ 50.00 . Drumbeat ‘Heritage’ : C. _aclandiae ‘Botany Bay’ 75.00 . Mem. Crispin Rosales L. pumila ‘Delicata’ 50.00 L. _harpophylla “Botany Bay’ 35.00 L. _ tenebrosa “Botany Bay’ 50.00 ‘Crescendo’ : . Sylvia Fry ‘Supreme’ 75.00. CONDITIONS OF SALE Availability is on a first come, first serve basis with payment as received. Reserved Forward Divisions may be ordered. To establish your position for availability, a non-refundable payment must accompany order. Shipping costs are in addition to stated plant prices. Write for our colour catalogue containing our latest Phalaenopsis listings — phone (02) 522 9623 if you wish to visit our nursery. Bran Be Chad * PO. Box 236, Sans Souci, Sydney, N.S. W. 2219 Tel: (02) 522 9623 P. Liz Greenlees 4 WHERE PARENTAGE COUNTS @ CYMBIDIUMS @ PHALAENOPSIS ® ONCIDIUMS This season should see a sharp increase in the appearance of dramatically beautiful and highly functional winter flowering cymbidium seedlings. Have you noticed the number of Phalaenopsis crosses being registered around the world? We think they have an exciting future also and since 1974 have been working on their development. For those who are interested in Mothers Day and Christmas flowers, the cool growing Oncidiums have great promise. Your best buying plant is the flask or community pot and that’s exactly what we offer. 77ER WONDER X TONGARIRO) ‘Rita’ First flowering July 1987) MAILING LIST If you are not on our mailing list . NATIONAL HE SAN write now OF VICTORIA LABORATORY SERVICE 2 1 MAR 1988 ALVIN BRYANT Bleass{No tet vise atesepply Y i yNursery, 42 Cook Street, Kurnell NSW, Australia 2231 25 Ci CEUMETAY WERE LIBRAR (near Sydney International Airport) : Telephone: (02) 668 9374. International (612) 668 9374 Nursery open Friday (all day), Saturday morning. INTERSTATE AND OVERSEAS VISITORS WELCOME ANYTIME. ustralian Orchid Revie Volume 53 — No. 1 AUTUMN 1988 Contents ARTICLES Looking Forward and Backwards. Pat Greenfield .................. 4 Masdevallias in Cool Temperate Australia. Ray Thompson ......... 6 Let the Sun Cool Your Greenhouse. Bob Gordon ................-- 11 Sequel to 12th World Orchid Conference. Karen McFarlane ........ 13 A Table of Orchid Seed-Capsule Ages. Alan Englert .............. 14 Orchid Names, where do they come from? R.W. Nicolle ........... 19 Orchid Expo 88 — A Show and Conference by the Sea. D.M. Mitchell... 23 Cymbidium Flowering Logic. Alvin Bryant ....................... 25 Australian Orchid Foundation News. Ronald Kerr................. 30 Angle @: CeAwardedibysthe@.O: Steerer teletre trite: 32 JrayButlerglrophyaeaeer rere nC econ ein tired fees 33 ShowsDateseeeeriay tier beri 1.5 cata ea eeetrate Cover Story This orchid Phalaenopsis Cardinal ‘Zuma Canyon’ was awarded an AD/AOC at the 10th AOC Conference in Adelaide in 1986. It was judged by the full AOC Judging Panel and granted the AOR Award of Distinction and the AOR Trophy for 1987. Pictured is Mr George Withers accep- ting the AOR Trophy on behalf of Zuma Canyon Orchids Inc. of Malibu, Cali- fornia, USA from Mr Graeme Banks, REGULAR FEATURES LTS to tld NP ponnunendodecundodouueodounboubdouvobgouCbnE 34 President of OSNSW Ltd. eae Uae ee y THEM srecenta Gone y aeiradewath the k Review .. 0... 26. eee cette eee tee eet teeta OSNSW Lid Christmas Party. Society Nos WEWGooas pAb ee pon coubb on dp ue pboddnn openname aes 35 Buyers| Guideyeperrrere eee reer ety euririb irr rier ys 46 iAdvertiserstindex#ene eee eee Pree Gree rere im icnirrinrchbelrcas AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 - 3 HONORARY EDITOR: David Wallace EDITORIAL COMMITTEE: G. Hansen, A.B. Porter, D. R. Wallace, A. Merriman. ADDRESS EDITORIAL TO: The Editor, Australian Orchid Review, 14 McGill Street, Lewisham NSW 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166. EDITORIAL ASSOCIATES: QUEENSLAND: Mr Frank Oelkers, 419 Robinson Road, Beebung 4034. NORTH QUEENSLAND: Mr Ray Robinson, P.O. Box 129, Townsville 4810. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: MrS. A. Monkhouse, P.O. Box 1 O’Halloran Hill 5155. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mr Rob Manning, 16 Cromer Road, Brentwood, Perth, 6153. TASMANIA: Mr Nicholas, 7 Kelvin Avenue, Moonah 7009. INTERNATIONAL: Mr G. H. Slade, Box 797 Vila. Vanuatu The Official Publication of the Orchid Society of New South Wales, Queensland Orchid Society, Victorian Orchid Club, Orchid Club of South Australia, Orchid Society of Western Australia, Tasmanian Orchid Society. Subscriptions: All overseas orders must be paid for in US dollars. In Australia: one year$A22, two years $A39 Asia/NZ air mail: one year US$28, two years US$50. Other Countries air mail: One year US$35, two years US$58. Surface mail anywhere overseas: one year US$23, two years US$40. TO JOIN AN ORCHID SOCIETY contact these secretaries: NSW: Miss B. Oldfield, 61 Mountford Avenue, Guildford 2161. Phone: (02) 6325712. QUEENSLAND: Mrs Noela Parsons, G.P.O. Box 2002 Brisbane 4001. Phone: (07) 273 1127. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. Phone: (03) 580 4917. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Mr Glen Heylen, Box 730 G.P.O. Adelaide 5001. Phone: (08) 44 4255. WEST AUSTRALIA: Mrs L. Manning, P.O. Box 1122, Booragoon, 6153. Phone: (09) 364 7968. TASMANIA: Mr J. F. Smith, 11 Warren Court, Howrah 7018. Phone: (002) 44 1555. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Honorary Secretary, P.O. Box 38493, Winnellie 5789. Phone: (089) 32 1977. Published and _ printed by GRAPHIC WORLD PTY LTD. 14 Mc Gill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166 Telex: AA 127936 Fax: (02) 560 6677. the Proprietors of the Australian Orchid Review endeavour to assure the reliability of advertising and editorial, neither the Proprietors of the “Australian Orchid Review” nor the Editor and the affiliated Orchid Societies can assume responsibility for the advice or transaction between advertisers and readers. 4 C. Zuma Boyd ‘Hohn’s Pride’ x C. Puppylove ‘Jubilee’ First flowering seedling, July 1987 off a tiny plant. Carried 4 full sized blooms — top two were damaged and removed. Unusual feature — the two red lip markings do not meet in the centre of the lip. (Hybridiser — Hightae Plant Nursery). ee By: Mrs Pat L Greenfield of The Hightae Plant Nursery, 16 Coronation Street, Takapuna, Auckland 9, New Zealand. I read with interest the article written by Mr Robert W. Nicolle of Valley Orchids on “What makes a good stud?”, which appeared in the Spring 1987 issue of this magazine. I was concerned to hear the Mr Nicolle does not advocate the use of Cymbidium Rincon ‘Clarisse’ and the like because they are old varieties and had been discarded for their various faults. All orchids have faults whether old or new. I do agree however, that the same cross shouldn’t be made twice. If superior progeny are produced, then by all means, they should be used to further the quality of cymbidiums. I do not agree that the parents should not be re-used; to remake the same cross — no, to use with other parents — yes. Some parents have well and truly stood the test of time, such as Cymbidium Wallara ‘Gold Nugget’ and Cymbidium AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 ‘ Borough Green ‘Conference’. Not new orchids but in combination they pro- duced the outstanding Cymbidium Jubilation cross. I believe that superior new seedlings should be crossed with some of the older varieties — for all their inherent faults, because their obvious outstanding features can be re-introduced and enhanced in later generations. I agree that if a new seedling displays an exaggerated feature such as extreme vigour of growth or above average spiking ability, then providing other features are not grossly bad, it should be used in further breeding work. I have two new seedlings that I have crossed together. one is Cymbidium Fanfare ‘St Francis’ x Cymbidium Wallara ‘Gold Nugget’ (Lambert Orchids cross), which was awarded an HCC on its first blooming in 1986. This is a large plant with a massive spike carrying up to 20 large, yellow blooms. It is vigorous in growth. An outstanding plant, but not free with its spikes. Another seedling, Cymbidium Chcolada ‘Takapuna’ (Lambert orchids cross), is not a very vigorous grower but it can Carry up to 4 large spikes per bulb and up to 20 flowers per spike over 2 years. here we have a marriage of four top parents, C Fanfare ‘St Francis’, C Wallara ‘Gold Nugget’, C Zuma Boyd and C Hamsey ‘The Globe’. Not the most modern parentage but proven with the test of time. Fanfare does not seem to throw free blooming plants in most of its crosses but in conjunction with the free blooming properties of the C. Chocolada, it is to be hoped that some of the seedlings will combine the best of the mixed parentage and a quality result will ensue. This cross was done for exhibition type orchids. The wide lip of C. Hamsey should correct the rather pinched lip of C. Fanfare. I have done some like crosses with parents which have similar traits. One such cross was C. Puppylove ‘Jubilee’ x C. Zuma Boyd ‘John’s Pride’ and reversed. Both parents multi-spike over a 2 year period. Both have well spaced blooms on the spike and both are vigorous growers. I wasn’t looking for an exaggerated feature on this occasion, but rather a reinforcing of several good points which could be used as a dominant feature in future crosses, such as good spikes, good bloom placement and similar multi-spiking habits. It is also important in special crosses to reverse the mating. It does make a definite difference as to which is the seed parent. In the abovementioned cross, C. Puppylove ‘Jubilee’ used as the seed parent, yielded more vigorous seedlings than when C. Zuma Boyd was used as the seed parent. Used as the seed parent, C. Puppylove ‘Jubilee’ leaves vigorous Z| be Hr THE POKOLBIN ONG (formerly Wimmaway Orchids) @ NSW DISTRIBUTORS FOR THE WORLD FAMOUS ADELAIDE ORCHIDS @ SPECIALISING IN CYMBIDIUMS @ OFFICIAL OPENING ON SAT 28th MAY @ BUSINESS HOURS 9-5 THURS-MON CLOSED TUE-WED LOT 13 GILLARDS RD POKOLBIN NSW 2321 PH 049 98 7558 growing seedlings with good spikes and well spaced blooms as a dominant feature. One of the seedlings of the above mating had two spikes on first flowering, was yellow in colour and had well spaced, well shaped blooms with a huge, wide, well marked lip. This in turn has been put across the ‘old’ C. Wallara ‘Gold Nugget’, thus combining the best of the old with the new. Another excellent seedling, not of my crossing, but that of McBeans, is C. Western Rose ‘Perfection’ x C. Etta Barlow ‘Opalescent’. The Etta quality of the seedling illustrated is outstanding, apart from the slightly narrow lip. Both parents are very old but cdn still yield excellent progeny. I will now be making careful matings of this with some of the latest varieties. I also work with liliums and roses and have found that in selected instances, going back to just beyond the species stage, can re-infuse great vigour and good health. Not all of the older varieties are still suitable for continued use. However, C. Rincon ‘Clarisse’, of which the author of your aforementioned article has dis- continued using, is one of the parents of AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 the C. Te Puna cross which is yielding superbly shaped progeny which are vigorous growers. C. Wallara ‘Gold Nugget’ too with its deep, unfading yellow colour, still has a lot to offer in the generaitons to come. Therefore, some older well tried parents do still have a place in a carefully planned breeding program and despite their faults, have proven themselves over the years to yield excellent new plant material. They can continue to produce exciting new orchids when crossed onto the top new seedlings of today and tomorrow ® 23°4 TROPICAL QUEENSLAND ORCHID COUNCIL CONFERENCE Darwin June 10'.13¢8 988 \ A\ OM —\ [fh MA AD | ) EVAI TEMPERAT Great was my pleasure on discovering that the genus Masdevallia, both species and hybrids could be grown with much success in the cool temperate regions of Australia. Such regions include southern Victoria, Tasmania and certain highland areas to the north such as Dural NSW and Toowoomba Queensland, lowland tropical areas and even Brisbane and parts of Sydney are not satisfactory because of the combined effects of Summer time high heat and humidity, both factors which can be controlled albeit at some considerable cost and effort. We seek for the successful culture of these charming orchids; a cool atmos- phere with high humidity but with visible air movement through the plants at all times, the word cool does however need qualification as many growers consider cold and cool to be synonymous, not so! In Australia the only true cold growers within the Orchidaceae would be the group of terrestrials emanating mainly from Australia’s southern regions, we seek for our Masdevallias a temperature range ideally in the mid 20’s Celcious with a fall at night to a mild 8° to 10°C, 6 Masdevallia triangularis A species of very easy culture from Peru and never without a few flowers; but blooms profusely in late spring. LIAS LL IN COOL E AUS TR AL | A Ray Thomson however most of the species within the genus will grow and respound to a much wider range, excursions into the low 30s and down as low as 5° to 6°C. Both extremes causing no apparent harm when not a permanent nature. It is amazing how both temperature and humidity can be controlled with sensible movement of the plants from place to place depending on the season. I have my greatest success benching the collection on racks close to the floor, in fact just 6 inches from a covering of crushed rock which is kept moist. For those keen to specialise and grow to per- fection their Masdevallias, to Winter them on a mildly heated bed of moist sand is the ideal and I suggest a minimum sand temperature of 12°C, this will also be an ideal temperature for year round growth as enough warmth rises to surround the plants on the coldest of Winter days to keep the plants happy, during a normal Summer the bed can be switched off but being thermostatically controlled it may be left permanently on. The great enemy of good Masdevallia culture is heat and I have had plants in flask of Masdevallia militaris drop their leaves when cultured in vitro at a normal 25°C in the flask growing room, on premature removaland planting into community pots grown outside in an unheated enclosure but with the mild bottom heat previously described; the leafless stubbs soon produced new leads with an air temperature mid Winter of around 4° to 5°C overnight. Masdevallia militaris originates from altitudes around 10,000ft in the Colombian Andes and this experience INDIANA ORCHIDS SPECIALISING IN Cattleya, _Dendrobiums, Onc. Alliance, Intergenerics and Miltonias. Please write for free listing 28 LLOYD STREET, SOUTH TWEED HEADS GOLD COAST N.S.W. 2486 Phone (075) 54 3166 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 with leaf drop demonstrates how impor- tant a knowledge of origin and environ- ment is. Much has also been written and _ postulated regarding light intensity, most growers of any genus link light and heat generation together and as a combination of high light and heat generation together and as a combination of high light and heat will burn Masdevallias, Paphio- pedilum, and other so called low light orchids 70 per cent shade over glass is usually applied along with a coat of glass house paint just to be on the safe side. For the genera mentioned we will then definitely have a low light situation, growth will be lush and prolific but flowering sparse. What we seek is to duplicate the natural intensity of light which can be quite high, with low levels of the heat which can be very stressing to the plants and normally causes all growth to cease, an example of high light low heat may be found at any ski resort during a fine cloudless day! During the warmer months I grow Masdevallias with glass house paint only; on the enclosures; but 6 inches above the moist ground and with fans; as any as 5 per enclosure and with frequent damping down and fine misting i find temperatures are kept at 25° to 28°C on the hottest of mid Summer days. Given these conditions of good light and mild temperature Masdevallias have no Masdeyallia coccinea var. harryana Arguably the most spectacular of them all, the Queen of Masdevallias from Colombia and very easy to grow. = Lot 18 Dandenong-Hastings Road, LANGWARRIN. VIC. 3910. Phone (03) 782 2668 Business hours: Closed: Mondays Open: Mon-Sat 1 pm to 4.30 pm. Sun & Holidays 10am to 4.30pm Introducing: Spartan Rose “Pink Ice” 4n “Pink Ice” is one of a group of October/November flowering chance tetraploid’s now producing pinks and deep wine shades with, well formed red “vee” labellums, plant vigour, multiple spikes per bulb, fine flower shape and heavy substance. Our Spartan Rose parents will produce QUALITY, VERY LATE flowering PINKS. Our 1988 Cymbidium Flask List offers a range of SPARTAN ROSE, CLAUDE PEPPER and Perth Orchids Lot 17 Rockingham Rd Henderson. W.A 6166 PH: (09) 410 1729 Burrow Nursery 160 Tasman Highway Bicheno. Tas. 7125 Ph: (008) 75 1172 VALLEY ZENITH “Green orb” seedlings. Some new parents are also being introduced. Other individual catalogues available include: ENCYCLIAS, CATTLEYAS, ONCIDIUMS, LYCASTES, AUSTRALIAN NATIVES, and alist of flasks available EX-Stock. For a copy of any listing, please contact Glenwood Orchids direct, or any Agent listed below: Kevin Turner 47 Yulinda Terrace Para Hills. S.A 5096 (08) 265 4761 Tannery Lane, Mandurang, Vic, 3551 (8 km from Bendigo) Telephone (054) 39 5273 Intermediate Cymbidium Seedlings for $6 each or $30 for 6 plants plus $8 freight by Skyroad. Cym. Gidget ‘Zumma’ x Peter Pan ‘Greensleeves’ April flowering red/pink/browns Cym. Play Misty ‘Candy Pink’ x Tracyanum Perfumed pinks with spots, stripes blooming in May. Cym. Amesbury ‘Frank Slattery’ x Baltic ‘Bexley’ Showbench bright green flowers with red lips in August. Cym. Showgirl ‘Glamour Jane’ x Borough Green ‘Conference’ White and pastel shades for showing in September. Cym. Bedivere ‘Highbury’ x Blue Smoke ‘Pernod’ Late yellows and greens for Christmas blooms in November/December. OPEN WEDNESDAY TO SUNDAY PRICE LISTS AVAILABLE Growing Point Nursery 12 Ala Moana Rd, Kurrajoing E N.S.W. 2758 Telephone (045) 73 1857 CYMBIDIUM Min & Int 12-20 cm leaf length $4.50. FS. $12.50-$15.00 CATTLEYA Slc. Hazel Boyd mer from $7.50 incl. No. 50. Tropical fantasy & Royal Scarlet. Others vars: incl. Bic. Marigold Meadows ‘Yellow Beauty Cherry Paradise ‘Perfec- tion’ 3” $7.50 FS. $17.50. ONCIDIUM Grower Ramsay bark mounted $15.00 Boots ‘Frills’ red equitant $6.50. FLASKS — MISCELLANEOUS — DENDROBES S.AE for list. Freight Aust. Post or your choice. Money with order, call before visiting we’re 20 mins from Windsor, love to see you. Masdevallia strobelii My favourite and a charming and vigorous species if grown under cool conditions. a native of Ecuador. dormant period and may be fed 12 months of the year, during the Summer months they just slow down. Autumn sees an increase in activity as new leads develop and mature at a rapid rate. Itis a fact that under my conditions I can and do flower many seedlings just 12 months out of flask! Other important aspects of my culture must also be taken into consideration, growing mixture and pots are the next most important factor after environment. Through observation of top growth, root health and growth I have settled on a mixture possibly a little unconventional for orchids but for Masdevallias; a large number of species being Lithophytic; a medium based on stone seems appro- priate, because of the large surface area to volume of volcanic lava rock or scoria, this forms 50 per cent of the mix, for seedlings we use pea size stone increas- ing size to the next grade for mature plants, the bark component is USA. Sequoia seedling grade for small plants and seedlings and well composted Cymbidium grade bark for larger plants, in all cases scoria is well washed and bark well seived otherwise a dusty mud will effectively seal drainage holes in pots. The bark percentage is 40 per cent and to this we add 10 per cent rubbed or chopped sphagnum moss and I do like to have it finely graded without big lumps which would cause soggy areas inside the pots. With the mix just described; overwater- ing should not be a problem, common sense should prevail, obviously plants do not need water if temperatures are low and humidity high, take care though, if a warm sand bed is being used as the bed can dry out if in operation; within 24 hours; even during a cold snap! We mist frequently rather than water thoroughly during the Winter months and with the AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 air movement which is an important part of the cultural requirement, drying will occur even on the coldest of Winter nights, thus; fungal and bacterial attacks are limited if not completely avoided. I believe there are no good orchid pots being made in Australia, a few terra cotta containers approaching the old designs are available from time to time but on the whole the plastic mass produced pot is totally unsatisfactory, so you must adapt your own, air with most genera, is a very important component of culture and especially at the root zone, this is partly achieved with the mix as described but I find this not enough, Masdevallias require a constantly moist but never wet Toot zone so with a combination of pot and mix this can be achieved. We adapt all our pots to suit, not only adding more holes to the pot base but we increase side slots by slitting vertically up to a third of pot depth. This treatment combined with the open stoney mix gives superb aeration, the net result is manifested in beautiful white roots without the usual central rotted brown component which is an all too common feature of cymbidium culture as we in Australia know it. While on the subject of pots let me say that if one should not tend to overpot a Cymbidium; then that goes doubly for Masdevallias, I flower the seedlings in 2” tubes and then; when through distorition of the pot I can see it’s time to pot on; I go up only one size, so; from a 2” toa 244” and 24%” to 3”, for most species or hybrids 3” will be the maximum before division unless M. veitchiana or M. coccinea blood is present, if so careful increments in pot size ultimately result in a fine specimen. Research your plants thoroughly however as some species within the alliance will require basket or slab culture because of the pendulous nature of their flower spikes. Masdevallias and their relations are not gross feeders, possibly because they are never completely dormant, their natural habitat suggests “little often” and we feed constantly but mildly, on potting up from 2” to 24” or 3” pots a pinch of Hoof and Horn is gving excellent response, however, both seedlings and mature plants are fed weak liquid fertilizers every second or third day depending on the weather. This liquid feed is administered through a propor- ner and is based on the Campbells or Aquasol system with the added chelated iron and magnesium sulphate, I should emphasise that the solution so adminis- tered 1S' weak, this approximates the nightly damping down by either dews or rain which is a feature of the natural habitat of this genus, gentle rain or dew washing down organic matter into cracks or fissures in rocks or a mild nutrient broth trickling down the branches and trunk of a host tree. I have experienced little trouble with pests and diseases within the genus, seedlings putting up new growth can be troubled by small slugs or snails which relish the delicate young shoots, baits or ° sprays can be applied without damaging the young shoots, with the constant air movement that is an absolute necessity, little trouble should be experienced from fungal or bacterial rots, however, a twice yearly application of fungicide/ bacteriacide preparation such as Natriphene or Captain will give insurance against these killers. Fortunately with the moist and buoyant atmosphere we are supplying our plants that other insidious killer of microscopic Closed All Day Wednesday Sun, Surf and Sand Want to know more? Contact: D. Mitchell MS 956 FLAXTON, Qld Phone (071) 45 7334 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 HUMPYBONG ORCHID NURSERY 38 Collins Street, Woody Point, Queensland 4019 Phone (07) 284 3283 PHALAENOPSIS — CATTLEYA — DENDROBIUM & OTHERS We have large stocks of HOBBY FLASKS, COMMERCIAL FLASKS & PLANTS. Our stock is mainly produced from imported mother flasks. Please send a 37¢ stamp for lists. Please Note Nursery Closed During July, No orders will be despatched. Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday & Saturday — 9 am-5 pm. CLOSED ALL OF JULY. Sole Australian Agent — MINTAI ORCHIDS, TAIWAN Please note, during Orchid Expo 88 at Caloundra. 7-12th Sept our nursery hours will be 10 am-2 pm daily. We look forward to meeting you all there. We will have a good range of flasks available at our stall in conjunction with G. & B Robertson. CALOUNDRA calling — will you join us for ORCHID EXPO ’88 Venue: Cultural Centre, City of Caloundra Sunshine Coast, O'ld, Australia Preview of Show (Registrants only) 8th September 1988 Show Open To Public 9th to 12th September 1988 Lectures: World Acclaimed Speakers Functions With Atmosphere Tours to some of Australia’s premier natural scenic attractions WE'D LOVE TO WELCOME YOU proportions, Red Spider; can not get a hold. I have never seen this pest on any of my Masdevallias but that is not to say they would not attack if conditions were more to their liking, regular close examination is a good routine to follow. Yes we are indeed fortunate living in the cool temperate zones of Australia, for if our climate; like most of the country; was warm temperate or tropical; the delights and fascination of growing and flowering this truly hypnotic and captivating genus would be lost to us all @ Ray Thomson is the proprietor of Moorool- bark Orchids in Victoria, he has successfully grown and propagated the genus Masdevallia under cool conditions for many years. Sunday 10 am-3 pm SS Bo Endorsed World Expo 88 ,fss2tse4, Brisbane Australia Activity Apnil - October LUGARNO ORCHID CO PTY LTD Proprietor: B.C. & J.E. Schwartz 1178 Forest Road, Lugarno 2210 Phone 53 9708 MERICLONES Cymbidiums — Cattleyas Miniature Cymbidiums — Dendrobiums DIVISIONS Cattleyas — Cymbidiums — Paphs Phalaenopsis — Japanese Dendrobiums OOOO A repeat of Mt Sylvans available April-May, together with Mt Sylvan ‘Snow White Earl’ Imperials for those who missed out. (VERY LIMITED) We ar currently reducing Cymbidium stock. Many 50% off. Showbench & Export. Top varieties. Many in spike. Se —————— LARGE STOCKS OF PHALAENOPSIS Elliott oe Wholesale Nursery Splash Petals Cattelayas 1”, 3’’, 4” Pots Phalaenopsis imported flasks & seedlings Vandas & Ascocendas Flowering size imports from Thailand Den. canaliculatum Hybrid Flask Agents for Asia Agri. Business Corp. PHALAENOPSIS KINGDOM as reviewed March Orchid Review Over 1300 colour pictures 300 pages $100. Postage $6.00 Bic. CHINESE BEAUTY “SUN MOON BEAUTY” LC. GILA WILDERNESS “MAJESTIC” BLC, WAIKIKI SUNSET “BRIGHTEST ORANGE” PHAL. MOUNT KAALA “ELEGANCE” AM/OSORC X PHAL. CARMELAS DREAM “ASIA No 3” . PHAL. NEW EAGLE “NFS” X MOUNT KAALA“ELEGANCE” AM/OSORG PHAL. PAPER MOON “ASIA No2” X PHAL. MOUNT KAALA “ELEGANCE” AM/OSORG VANDASGORDON DILLON m/c. (purple blue) VANDA FUCHS DELIGHT m/c. (dark black purpled) VANDA WIRAT m/c (blue) MOK. MAK CHIN ON AND CATTLEYA COMPOTS. ARANDA PANNI Sylvia Fry crosses available, also large V.JO VAN BRERO XV. GORDON DILLON i range of Cattleya Seedlings designed to give RHY. RED, WHITE & SPOTS. welcomenere Award Shape and Colour Expectancy. oo eee PLEASE SEND S.AE FOR LISTINGS AND INCLUDE PHONE NUMBER. (070) 55 1712 16 ANDREW STREET STRATFORD. 4870 P.O. BOX 1594 CAIRNS CHVELSIEA EXOTICS C. Red Beauty 'Cooksbridge Select' is an outstanding U.K. Cymbidium. Its early flowering and prolific deep pink flowers have been combined to produce the following quality seedling flasks. Nip 'Cooksbridge’ x Red Beauty 'Cooksbridge Select' The upright, deep red, Nip has been combined to produce early flowering deep pink/red mini cymbidiums. (Christmas Angel x Rincon) x Red Beauty 'Cooksbridge Select' This early flowering cross should produce high quality pink standard cymbidiums Christmas Angel 'Cooksbridge Sunburst' AM/RHS x Red Beauty ‘Cooksbridge Select' The awarded bright yellow Christmas Angel should produce early flowering orange/apricot shades. The above crosses should be available from March onwards. Minimum of 10 plants in a 150ml unbreakable flask. $20 each plus postage and packing, depending on the service.. West Australian customers please note that the majority of our stock is in the laboratory, and thus the nursery is not yet open to the public. | can be contacted at the adress below, or at any of the Bunbury or Armadale Orchid Society meetings for flask collection. Mark Wheatley Chelsea Exotics, c/o North Dandalup Post Office, WA 6207. Telephone (09) 5301 304. Company No. 8388250 10 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 Let the Sun Cool Your Greenhouse (Ventilating with solar energy) The energy of the sun can be used to ventilate orchid greenhouses at no recur- ring cost to the grower. The more sun you have, the more ventilation you can have. Moreover, the method we’re going to discuss has the sterling benefit of operating even when nothing else does. It costs nothing to operate and works even in a power outage. And it’s easy to build. You're skeptical? Read on. The principle of the chimney effect is an elegantly simple one: warm, rising air that is contained will draw replacement air into the bottom of the container... in this case a vertical pipe. That ‘draw’ is our means of removing unwanted hot air from the greenhouse. The chimney or stack will boost natural convection cur- rents and if the air is heated in the chimney, the process can go on as long as the heating continues. It only works when sun is shining. . . but then, that’s the time you need the ventilation most, isn’t it? How to heat air in a chimney? That’s where the solar energy comes in. We will heat air in a chimney with the sun’s rays and sustain the vertical movement of air in the chimney . . . and the suction at the bottom . . . which is going to provide extraction of the hot air... which is what we want. Neat. The whole greenhouse or solarium is, in effect, a solar chimney. We take in cool air, heat it and convect it out through the stack. What that means to us as orchid growers is that a simple structure called a solar chimney is going to cool our green- houses with no outside help. It turns itself on as the greenhouse heats up... and turns itself off when the greenhouse cools down. The hotter it gets in the green- house, the harder it works. Sound too good to be true? I know it does, but it works. And, although it has for a couple of thousand years, some of us have developed the habit of looking on any- thing that is cheap as being unworthy. Not so. Now don’t turn the page and say I can’t build things, so this is not for me. If you really can’t build things, find someone who can and have them make you one. It will be worth the small expense. The payback on the investment, incidentally, is fastest in the hot, sunny regions. Solar chimneys can be used to ventilate greenhouses, sun porches, homes, shops, _ exhaust and spring... barns, and almost any other structure they can be bolted to and where the sun shines. BUILDING THE SOLAR The structure is basically a box, a foot square and 8 feet long. The four 2x2’s, which are the skeleton, are attrached toa base and covered on three sides with clear, corrugated fibreglass reinforced plastic. The fourth side faces away from the sun and can be covered with %”’ exterior plywood. The base provides rigidity and a means of attaching the chimney firmly to the greenhouse structure. The guy wires are optional, but recommended in windy areas. Hung inside the wood and fibreglass box is a 7 4-foot (three 30-inch sections) length of 12” stovepipe, painted flat black. (High temperature, flat black paint suitable for our purposes is available in auto supply stores. It’s used for painting manifolds and_ barbecues, among other things. 3-M Black Velvet is good.) This stovepipe is the source of the magic the solar chimney produces. Sun shines on the pipe, warming it and causing the air inside to begin rising. The hotter the sun, the more heat produced and the greater the chimney effect. The stove- pipe is topped with a 12” attic vent turbine to improve the air extraction and to keep rain out of the chimney. The plastic ‘skin’ keeps the heat from being dissipated by the wind. A small door at its base .. . to isolate the chimney during the cool evenings of fall will prevent unwanted loss BAY VIEW ORCHIDS 440 Pine Ridge Road, Coombabah Gold Coast Queensland 4216 Telephone (075) 37 2964 SPECIALISING IN: CATTLEYAS, SOFTCANES, ONCIDIUM ALLIANCE 90% of our plants are produced from our laboratory SAE FOR CURRENT LIST We cater for Society Tours by prior arrangement. Cralte- Crhils Australian & New Guinea species antelopes and their hybrids. Specialising in Den lasianthera 7 breeding and hybrids. Seedlings to flowering size SAE for catalogues. Marj Purnell 6 Holmes Drive, Beaconsfield, North Mackay, Queensland 4741. Telephone (079) 42 1546 of accumulated heat. When nighttime temperatures stay above 60°F the chimney can be left open or ‘on’. Cabinet hinges and a magnetic catch will work just fine. I use a 3’ long piece of stiff wire, attached to the door, to open and close it; long reach. An opening in the greenhouse wall must be provided to allow a source of fresh air from the outside to replace warm air exiting through the chimney. One and one-half to two squre feet of opening will do if the opening is unscreened. Double that area if insect screening is used... as it should be in most areas. Several dis- tributed small openings are better than Phalaenopsis Only full range of phalaenopsis crossing Novelty & New Varieties ABC Orchid Corp. Flask Available (Division of Asia AgriBusiness Corp.) P.O. Box 105-075, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. Telex: 25445 Asia Agri Tel: (02) 834-3226-7 Fax No. 886-2-8349476 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 11 Automatic Humidity for Small to Medium-size Glasshouses. Self- contained unit plugs into 240-volt power point and comes complete with directional dome and auto humidistat eo 80% (eae! Also automatic level control. FREE BROCHURE ON REQUEST PARADE ORCHIDS PO Box 11 Highbury, South Australia 5089 Phone: Nursery (08) 380 5142 water SALTWATER CREEK NURSERY (highway between Marvborough and Hervey Bay) MS 236, MARYBOROUGH Phone: (071) 21 5737 Open Sunday to Friday. Saturday by appointment only. Importers of cattlevas, vandas and dendrobiums. Send SAE for price list. Quarantine facilities available. Local treated Australian Bark available in 4 grades. one large one. (See detail for a neat energy-saving gadget.) Do not count the area of input from an evaporative cooler in this required opening. Locate the cool air inlets low and at the end opposite the chimney for best cir- culation of air inside. Effectiveness of the chimney is going to depend in large measure on the vertical distance between the cool air inlet and the top of the chimney. Greater difference means greater effectiveness. Intake low and exhaust high for best results. INSTALLING THE CHIMNEY Attach the completed chimney with its bottom opening at the highest point pos- sible on the end of the greenhouse. The reason is simple: we want to draw off the hottest air in the house and that means the highest. A ceiling or turbulator fan which mixes air in the greenhouse probably will reduce the efficiency of the chimney somewhat, but we’ve got to have them, so don’t worry about the loss. A gee-whiz feature of the system comes into opera- tion if power goes off in hot weather. The heated air in the house stratifies with the hottest air at the highest point in the greenhouse . . . and this gives the best possible performance of the chimney. The ‘feet’ of the chimney must be 12 -HUMIDIFIERS: Greenhouse 3/8" exterior Plywood | | strong enough to support the weight of the whole structure, so don’t skimp on material dimensions here. The ‘‘feet”’ stand on a solid greenhouse member and should be firmly attached with either bolts or lag screws or both. Vertical height of the base is not critical and can be adjusted for best attachment to a solid greenhouse part. If none is available to mount the chimney to, make and install one. A lower external brace from bottom of the chimney to either the ground or a hip moulding on the house will relieve strain from other parts of and promote longer life. For the macho men out there: get some help raising the chimney in place. It’s awkward and dangerous, particularly if there is a breeze blowing when you put it in place. (I know, but the scars from the hernia operation have almost faded now.) OPERATING THE CHIMNEY Open the hatch when you want venti- lation. Close it when you don’t. That’s it. Note: pipe and plastic. Film plastic Cool air enters Hip mounting plate (2"x4") (Adjust angle to match greenhouse rafters) Do not close space between It is functional. Stovepipe suspension detail (and guywire eyebolts) Vertical view 1/4" hardware cloth = | Chimney on; Cooler on; No cool air loss I~ Chimney on; Cooler off; Cool air inlet check valve AFTERTHOUGHTS: The chimney has three note-worthy effects: first, the running time of your cooler (if you use one) will be shortened; second, you can probably unplug your wall ventilating fan (if you use one); and third, if used in conjunction with a heat- motor vent and an emergency overhead sprinkling system . . . it could save your collection in the event of a power outage or cooler malfunction on a hot summer day. (For more information on these latter features, see Coping With a Power Outage, P. 11, AOS Bulletin, January 1982 or the book, Culture of the Phalaenopsis Orchid, by this author. This system, using a 12-inch stovepipe and an 8-foot high box, probably won’t provide all the ventilation needed for many greenhouses, but it will skim the hottest air from any structure in which it is used. For that purpose it is an inexpensive, cost-effective and reliable option worthy of an orchid hobbyist’s consideration @ — Bob Gordon Rialto, CA 92376 US AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 SEQUEL TO 12TH WORLD ORCHID CONFERENCE ARTICLE A.O.R. SU M M ER 1 987 Karen McFarlane How ironical the Australian Orchid Review with our article from the 12th World Orchid Conference should arrive in Cairns the same day as the proceed- ings of the 12th W.O.C. was delivered to us. A quick glance through the proceedings, I couldn’t believe my eyes or contain my excitement. I just had to phone Dad and tell him of my discovery. Apart from the ‘Best Vanda of the Show’ and a blue ribbon for Ascda. Aribarg details of which were published on page 10 of the A.O.R. summer 1987, on page 97 of the proceedings of the W.O.C. was a photo of our delightful little species Doritis pulcherrima ‘Yew’ with a blue ribbon — Ist place. On page 121 was a blue ribbon for Den Lily ‘Yang’ x Den. Tomie “Iloyd’, a blue ribbon for Den Halo x D. Golden Halo ‘Lloyd’, a blue ribbon for D. White Wine ‘Lana’, a blue ribbon for D. Halo x D. Golden Halo ‘Bronze’. A red Ribbon — 2nd Prize for D. Summit Gold x D. Lady Charm ‘Darkie’ plus on page 113 was a red ribbon — 2nd Prize for our display in its section. Venuzuela won Ist and Albert and Merkel USA won 3rd place. Even though most of the dendrobiums had not travelled well as mentioned in Dad’s previous article, when we made the rounds of the show we couldn’t find any better blooms than ours in the same category, we were somewhat surprised they weren’t considered prize winners. Like other cut blooms they deteriorated the longer the show went on. It appears one of the short comings of the show was not placing cards or ribbons on the winners in the displays apart from the major winners. No one had any idea if they won a prize and like us assumed they didn’t with no ribbons. At the judges forum there was a dis- cussion on the subject. It was recom- mend at future shows winning blooms should be identifed by different coloured tags i.e. blue/red/white so that clerks have no difficulty in finding them to place prize winners on them. ““HU-RR-AH! for the recommendation. One other recommendation from the judges forum I like quote ‘judges must be instructed to make allowances for slight damage on flowers flown in from overseas’ unquote. All in all the final results show our display won 7 firsts, 1 second and a second for the display. Best Vanda of the show and a silver medal. A personal gratifying result for us and Australia especially when all the Dendrobium prize winners were bred by us in Cairns. Ursula McShane, Australia also won a first prize with her D. Madame Chintana ‘Maria’ @ AT DINGLEY FERN MARKET WE DO NOT GROW ORCHIDS WE DO NOT EVEN PRETEND TO GROW ORCHIDS BUT “BOY” DO WE EVER SELL ORCHIDS FERN MARKET We buy the best orchids from some of the top breeders and growers in Australia on a weekly basis. This ensures that there is always fresh, interesting, new stock on hand. Unfortunately, due to our rapid stock turnover, we are unable to produce lists or mail order. SO PAY US A VISIT AT: 233 Centre Dandenong Road Dingley, Vic. (Opp. Howard Rd) Open Daily 8 am — 5.30 pm Victorian Agent for WONDABAH ORCHIDS A comprehensive range always in stock AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 13 A TABLE Give your lants PM ite lieve tas --- Duy from the experts & save! CLADDING MATERIALS (Available in rolls/sheets or cut to size) @ Shade cloth - black, green, brown or white in light (50%) or medium (70%). @ Fibreglass Sheeting. Hl Polyflute Sheeting. Hl Thermoclear (Polycarbonate twin-wall sheeting). Il Marix Cloth - Thermal Screens. Hl Marix Cloth - Weed Control. Hf Polythene Film. @ Glasshouse Paint. HM Blackout Blinds & Thermal Screens. Ml Glazing Bars. PROPAGATION EQUIPMENT Surely, at one time or another, every hybridizer, either amateur or professional must have had the disappointment of finding the seed-capsule of a “‘special’’ cross had split and scattered its contents far and wide over the benches, pots, paths, etc, etc. As aresult of this exasperation, I started keeping records a number of years ago of my own efforts at hybridizing — as I do my own flasking this enabled me to do both ripe and immature seed-sowing. There are a number of convictions and conclusions I have reached through examining such data: firstly, capsules which ripen on the plant during cooler months are less likely to abort and fall of than ones which develop during hot weather. I believe the weather conditions occurring during the maturation of a capsule can significantly affect its life- span and the fertility of the seed. Fast- maturing genera are particularly prone to this, as can be seen with Australian native Dendrobiums — a variation of 10- 15 per cent in the ripening — time of the capsule being possible from season to season with the same parent — plant. Secondly, problems in getting crosses to “hold” in the first place can be due to many factors beyond the scope of this article — however, one tip I feel is worth passing in concerns orchids’ scent. Species such as Dendrobium falcoros- trum have a powerful perfume which they “turn on and off’. I have greatly improved my chances of crosses “‘tak- ing” by doing my hybridizing when the flowers are producing this scent, at which time they are presumably announcing to prospective pollinating agents that they are receptive and ready to be fertilized. When estimating the ripening time of a female parent which is itself an intersec- (Heating only and Heating & Misting) @ Low Voltage trays (24 volt). Hi High Voltage Propagation Cables. Ml Flexible Carbon Mets. Hl Low Voltage transformers (large range). PROPAGATION ACCESSORIES @ Thermostats. HM Balance Arm Sensors. Ml Mist and Timer Controllers. @ Carbon Block Sensors. HM Multi-area Mist Controllers. Hl Weather Waterer Mist Controllers. Hl Mercury Tubes. @ Dial Stem Thermometers. HM Mini- Max Thermometers. Hl Hygrometers. @ PH. Meters. HConductivity Meters. @ Resistance Wire (Heating Cable). @ Solenoid Valves. Hl Humidistats. C3 Bs tote) 5 (0) OF) oh) & SHADEHOUSES (Domestic and Commercial) B Glasshouses (most top brands from small to large sizes). Hl Polythene Igloos. Hl Shadehouses (most top brands from small to large sizes).: @ Conservatories and Garden Rooms. SPRINKLER & IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT (Including PVC Pipe & Fittings) OF ORCHID SEED- CAPSULE AGES ase enser enough percentage of fertile seed — in other words a capsule can contain some viable seed, but the plant does not con- sider it worth expanding the energy to carry it through to dehiscence, unless it contains above a critical percentage of viable seed. I tend to favour leaving the capsule on the plant as long as possible — (put an empty teabag over it to catch the seed should it split) — if it does split and you take note of its age you can repeat it next year and get it in time. Note that the pollen parent is irrelevant when com- puting lifespans — no matter how much the spans of the two parent plants differ, only the female parent governs the life- span of the capsule. The following table is the result of several years of data — gathering, in whcih task I have been greatly aided by many North Coast growers, who have unselfishly shared the results of their hybridizing programs. All germination results were obtained using both Vacin and Went and Thomale GD media — both media germinate very well, although Thomale is better for replating native Australian hybrids. They were sown in polycarbonate flasks, and kept under a 16 hour “day” cycle under Gro-Lux type fluorescent tubes. In closing, I would like to hear from anyone interested in such research, and would like to encourage all hybridists to keep such records and pass them on to others, as the sharing of such information must surely benefit us all eventually @ P.O. Box 907, Grafton, NSW, 2460 A.H. (066) 44 8270. @ Misting Jets. HM Misting Jets with check valves. Hl Drippers. @ Butterfly pasate @ Sage Watering Jets. Cameron Sprays. HM Dundas Flat Sprays. Ml Check Valves for Sprinklers. @ Plastic & Metal Bodied Solenoid Valves. Mi Irrigation Controllers (Time Clocks). 121 Herald Street, Z Horticaltaral (reg. prop. Garden | =) Equipment Mfgs P/L) Cheltenham, Vic, 3192 (Melway Ref. 78 B10) Ph : aoe (03) 553 3777 tional hybrid (e.g. Den. Peewee = Den. bigibbum x Den. tetragonum) it seems accurate to assume a lifespan inter- mediate between the two — Den. bigib- bum, for instance, can be ““green-podded”’ at 120-150 days; Den. tetragonum comes off at around 70-75 days. The resulting hybrid of these two, Den. Peewee, was cultured green at 99 days (intermediate between the two parents of Peewee) with great success. However, a point to consider is that the Heights, Qld 4271. fertility of a cross can significantly alter f the lifespan of the capsule. I believe a seed capsule will abort well short of the px: (075) 45 1576 expected span if it does not carry a high AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 MERRELLEN ORCHIDS Ted & Barbara Gregory Specialist breeders of cool growing Aust Natives and Hybrids. Send 37¢ stamp for our 87-88 list. Mial orders our specialty. 181 Oxenford Road, Tamborine A TABLE OF ORCHID SEED — CAPSULE AGES Part One — Australian species and hybrids A I LAS | IMMATURE SEED-|RIPE (SPLIT) CAPSULES CAPSULES Unbreakable vented polycarbonate containers for Orchid Flasking and Tissue Culture. They are time and money saving and made in two sizes 250m! & 500mlI. Bulbophyllum bracteatum x self Bulbophyllum elisae x self Caladenia catenata x catenata Den. adae x adae Available from: Den aemulum x beckleri & O MA Den. aemulum x Gracillimum P e .P e Y Den. aemulum x kingianum alba 6 Graham Street, WINDSOR 4030 Den. aemulum x tenuissimum Brisbane. Phone (07) 857 5844 Den. Aemulum x tetragonum Den. Alan Printer x falcorostrum Den. Alan Printer x fleckeri Den. Aussie Hero x Bardo Rose Den. Aussie Hero x falcorostrum Den. Bardo Rose x kingianum Den. beckleri x beckleri Den. beckleri x falcorostrum Den. beckleri x lichenastrum Den. beckleri x tenuissimum Den. beckleri x teretifolium Den. bigibbum x self 120-150 Den. (Debbie McFarlane x tetragonum) x kingianum. = Den. Delicatum x Alan Printer Den. Delicatum x Bardo Rose Den. Delicatum x falcorostrum Den. Delicatum x kingianum Den. Delicatum x kingianum alba Den. Delicatum x speciosum y. hillii Den. Ella Victoria Leaney x Alan Printer Den. Ella Victoria Leaney x kingianum Den. Ella Victoria Leaney x tetragonum Den. Ellen x Hastings Den. Ellen x tetragonum (Nth. Coast form) Den. Ellen x tetragonum giganteum Den. falcorostrum x Andrew Persson Den. falcorostrum x Aussie Hero Den. falcorostrum x Bardo Rose Den. falcorostrum x beckleri Den. falcorostrum x falcorostrum Den. falcorostrum x falcorostrum Den. falcorostrum x kingianum Den. gracilicaule x adae Den. gracilicaule x beckleri Den. gracilicaule x falcorostrum Den. gracilicaule x Gracillimum Den. gracilicaule x kingianum Den. gracilicaule x kingianum Den. gracilicaule x lichenastrum Den. gracilicaule x monophyllum Den. gracilicaule x rigidum Den. gracilicaule y howeanum x self Den. gracilicaule vy howeanum x self Den. gracilicaule vy howeanum x speciosum Den. Gracillimum x falcorostrum Den. Gracillimum x falcorostrum Den. Gracillimum x Gracillimum Den. Gracillimum x Gracillimum Den. Gracillimum x kingianum Den. Gracillimum x tetragonum Den. Hastings x adae Den. kingianum x Bardo Rose Den. kingianum x kingianum Den. kingianum x kingianum Den. kingianum x self Den. kingianum x speciosum Den. kingianum x speciosum curvicaule FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones Phalaenopsis top quality seedlings and stem propagations Paphiopedilum showbench and primary hybrids Cattlevas Cvmbidiums Oncidiums Miltonias Odontoglossum Alliance and Zygopetalums. FREE LIST ON REQUEST. PARADE ORCHIDS PO Box 11 Highbury, South Australia 5089 Phone: Nursery (08) 380 5142. TODAY’S BOTTLE BABIES FOR TOMORROW’S CHAMPIONS Flasks contain 6 to 12 plants. Mericlone 3 plants. Choose 6 or more and deduct 10%. Catalog available M107. SOPHRONITIS COCCINEA ‘JANET’ AM/AOS — 3 inch red. Only 2 plants M202. MILT. JAMES IVERS MATTSON ‘CHERRY- VALE’ — Large red Mericlone 902 PHAL. VENOSA (FORMERLY PSILANTHA) ‘JUNGLE GREEN’ CHM/AOS X SELF — Brown on green background PAPH ROTHSCHILDIANUM ‘CHARLES E’ FCC/AOS X SELF — Only one plant . . $10.00 PHAL. VENOSA ‘JUNGLE GREEN’ CHM/AOS X PHAL. VIOLACEA ‘JUNGLE VIOLET —Expect Reds PHAL. CORNINGIANA ‘YELLOW BIRD’ X PHAL. VIOLACEA ‘HARFORDS ORANGE’ AM/AOS —The orange form of Phal. Cornings Violet. Only 2 plants ONC. PAPILLIO —The Butterfly Orchid Please add $6.00 postage and handling. Above prices in U.S. Dollars. JUNGLE GEMS, INC. 300 Edgewood Road Edgewood, MD 21040 MasterCard/Visa U.S.A. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 15 SHADECLOTH 50m Len., WOVEN x 1.83m GREEN N1586 32% 109.84 N1589 50% 109.84 A TABLE OF ORCHID SEED — CAPSULE AGES Part One — Australian species and hybrids BLACK N1588 50% 103.67 N1591 70% 114.06 AGE-DAYS pays To N1592 70% 121.30 N1595 80% 154.44 GERMINATION| CE PAYS IMMATURE SEED-RIPE (SPLIT) CAPSULES CAPSULES Den. kingianum x tetragonum (Nth Coast form) ... Den. kingianum x tetragonum giganteum Den. kingianum x Zip Den. kingianum alba x speciosum Den. Kith Murdoch x fetragonum giganteum Den. lichenastrum x self Den. linguiforme x teretifolium v. fasciculatum .... Den. Lynette Banks x fetragonum giganteum Den. monophyllum x monophyllum Den. Peewee x Hilda Poxon Den. ruppianum x self Den. speciosum v. hillii x falcorostrum Den. speciosum v. speciosum x letragonum Den. (Star Imp x kingianum ) x Zip Den. striolatum x pungioniforme Den. striolatum x tetrifolium Den. suffusum x fleckert Den. suffusum x “Green Mist” x falcorostrum .... Den. suffusum x “Green Mist” x gracicaule Den. suffusum x “Green Mist” x kingianum Den. suffusum x “Green Mist” x self Den. Sunglow x tetragonum giganteum Den. tenuissimum x falcorostrum Den. teretifolium fasc. x linguiforme Den. teretifolium fasc. x striolatum Den. tetragonum (Nth. Coast form) x speciosum ... 64 Den. tetragonum (Nth. Coat form) x same 82 Den. tetragonum (Nth. Coat form) x same. 73 Den. tetragonum (Nth. Coat form) x same 74 Den. Yondi x speciosum pendunculatum Peristeranthus hillti x self Phaius species and hybrids Phaius tancarvilliae x self Pterostylis curta x self Pterostylis longifolia x self Sarcohilus cecilae x cecilae Sarcochilus cecilae alba x self Sarcochilus hartmannit x self Sarcochilus hartmannii x Rhinerrhiza divitflora ... Sarcochilus Lois x hartmannii Sarcochilus Pinkhart x cecilae 365aprx 120-150 REFERENCES (and thanks), D. & E. Amey, K. Barlow, L. & C. Friar, P. Hicks, S. Penman and E. & I. Short. warm conditions. Welcome, including export overseas. 16 A large range of species and hybrids to suit new growers, serious collectors and those seeking free flowering plants for intermediate to VERY PROMPT MAIL ORDER IS OUR SPECIALTY. Phone or mail orders using Bankcard, Visacard or Mastercard We invite you to visit our nursery at 15 HOAD STREET, EARLVILLE, CAIRNS or write (Please include postage stamp) for our latest listing to P.O. BOX 404, EARLVILLE, QLD 4870. Ph (070) 54 1746. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 N1594 80% 169.37 N1596 92% 219.38 FREIGHT: ADD $7 per roll 50m len, WOVEN x 3.66m GREEN BLACK N15995 50% 209.94 N15996 50% 197.08 N15998 70% 235.00 N15997 70% 220.45 N167041 80% 276.13 FREIGHT ADD $7 per roll 50m len., KNITTED x 1.83m GREEN N15995 (50) 156.49 =N1611 (50) 154.17 N 1616 (70) 170.05 N1615 (70) 168.75 N16167 (80) 213.52 N16165 (80) 206.12 FREIGHT ADD $7 per roll Orders To: BERRYS NURSERY SUPPLIES P.O. Box 389 Strathpine Q, 4500 (07) 205-5022 Unit 4, Stanton House, Southpine Road, Strathpine Q, 4500 (07) 205-5022 BANKCARD ACCEPTED BLACK ORCHID LABORATORY SEED FLASKING Exotics and Australian Natives REPLATING (We also accept flasks from other sources) MERICLONING All work carried out in our modern tissue culture laboratory under optimum conditions. send for a free brochure providing tips on seed collection and charges. small and large orders equally welcome. Flora Propagation Laboratories 18 Mundy St., Mentone, Melbourne Vic. 3194 (03) 584 2087 arbor orchids Select from our large range. Suitable for all areas. SEEDLINGS TO FLOWERING SIZE SPECIES AND HYBRIDS Paphiopedilums, Phalaenopsis, Cattleyas, Dendrobiums, Laelias. Masd. infracta X corniculata Vigorous hybrid in 50mm tubes $10 Agent for Nindethana Orchids Native hybrids — Miniature Cymbidiums Please send stamp for list. Victoria 3168 Phone (03) 544 1418 AH 546 0575 Nursery Open 10-5 Thursday — Saturday (Other times by appointment) 4 ( WOMBARRA ORCHIDS PTY. LTD. 16 BARTON CRES. WOMBARRA NSW JUST A ONE HOUR DRIVE SOUTH OF Seva, ON WOLLONGONG'S LEISURE GOA the Residence This lavish 40 square home is set amid sub— tropical rain forests and features; 6 Bedrooms 2 Bathrooms Family Room Huge Timber Kitchen Formal Dining Room Spacious Formal Lounge Spectacular Ocean Views Wombarra Orchids Pty. Ltd. is a long established, and well respected supplier of Export Quality Orchids to most major retail stores and nurseries. Wombarra Orchids is currently managed by the present owners as a family business, yet it provides Top Executive Level Income — without the executive level stress. Featured at Wombarra is the original “Winter Wonder White Cloud” — a parentage used in most crosses and a flower sought after by growers as part of their collections. Sale includes — 40,000 Orchid Plants in controlled houses, all plant and all machinery. REAL ESTATE 042 674833 Dougma 1A RAYMOND ROAD, THIRROUL THIRROUL FRANCHISE AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 17 RG. & I. PRICE” Orchid Flasks 35 Hardy's Road, Mudgeeraba Queensland 4213. Phone (075) 30 5193 | FOR QUALITY FLASKS. | HOBBY FLASKS — Any8 flasks delivered in Australia $115.00 Cattleya Seedlings 8-12 plants $15 ea Blc. Ranger Six ‘A-OK’ x Pot. Golden Sands ‘Curacao’ Bic. Waikiki Gold ‘Lea’ x Blc. Orange Nugget ‘Kadooka’ Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x SIc. Hazel Boyd ‘Apricot Glow Slc. Hazel Boyd No 50 x Blc. Alicia Golden Dawn Slc. Orglades Early Harvest x C. walkeriana alba ‘Pendentive’ Bic. Blumen Insel ‘Corona’ x Lc. Colorama ‘The Clown’ SI. Orpetii ‘Shonan’ x Slc. Tangerine Jewel ‘Vi’ Sc. Doris ‘Pamela’ x Lc. Star Pink ‘Blumen Insel’ Sc. Carol Lynn ‘Blumen Insel’ x Bic. Mem. Helen Brown ‘Sweet Afton’ Laelia sincorana x Sneek atropurpureum ‘Roseum’ C. Summer Stars ‘May’ x C. Queen Sirikit ‘Diamond Crown’ Lc. Mem. Elaine Napper x Lc. Little Susie ‘Osborne’ Phalaenopsis Seedling Flasks 6-8 plants $15 ea. Phal. meee ‘Pink Formal’ x P. Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ Phal. Sarah Loeb x P. Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ Dtps. George Moler ‘Flamenco’ x Dtps. Happy Valentine ‘Blumen Insel’ Phal. Jean Orear Nicole x Phal. Opaline Phal. Funtime x P. Orglades White Rock Phal. Joseph Hampton ‘Dianne’ x (Joseph Hampton x Murier Turner) Dtps. Odoriko No 102 x Phal. Gentle Thoughts Phal. amabilis ‘Formosana’ x self Cymbidium mericlones 8 plant flasks $15 ea. Via Real ‘Alexander Highland Mist ‘Barrita’ Sensation ‘Kimberley Anita ‘Colossal’ Sensation ‘Imperial Howard Cob ‘Mocha’ Guadalajara ‘Siesta’ Burgundian ‘Bexley’ Beacon Fire ‘Cecil Park’ Pendragon ‘Broadmoor Mainstream ‘Hurrah’ Sarah Jean ‘Wondabah’ Fuss ‘Showoff’ Walu ‘Red Lip’ Various Mericlones 6 plant flasks (except as indicated) Odtna. Florimosa ‘Kelly’ Vuyl. Helmut Sang ‘Anja’ Milt. Jean Sabourin ‘Red’ Onc. Star Wars ‘Palolo’ Mcllna. Pagan eeeong ‘Golden Realm’ Slc. Cranberry Lane ‘Magic Fire’ Le. High Sierra ‘Alpine Lass’ C. walkeriana ‘Jungle Queen’ C. Landate ‘Spotglen’ Bc. Mount Isa ‘Florence’ COMMERCIAL FLASKS Cattleya Seedlings 30-35 flasks $30 ea. 6 flasks delivered $150 Bic. Golden Slippers ‘Caliph of Bagdad’ x Blc. yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ Bic. Waikiki Gold ‘Lea’ x C. Penny Kuroda ‘Spots’ Blc. Bouton D’Or “Lewis’ x Blc. Waikiki Gold ‘Lea’ Blc. Bouton D’Or ‘Lewis x Blc. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ C. Christina Waglay x Blc. Waikiki Gold ‘Lea’ — florist white, lemon & pink Slc. Hazel Boyd ‘Redstone’ x Bic. Orange Nugget ‘Dadooka’ Slc. Hazel Boyd No 50 x Bic. Alicia Golden Dawn Blc. Sylvia Fry ‘Wallacia’ x C. Irene Finney ‘York’ Blc. Oconee ‘Mendenhall’ x Bic. Frances Y. Hoshino ‘Carteria Ruby’ Phalaenopsis Seedlings 30 plants — $35 ea. 6 flasks delivered $180 White Phal. Texas Thunder x P. (Mount Kaala x Joseph Hampton) Phal. Miki Saito ‘White Blossom x Pate Lady Jewel ‘White King’ Phal. (Miki Saito x Celle) x P. (Antarctic x Spitzberg) Phal. Helengene x P. (Antarctic x Spitzberg) Phal. Dawn Hunter x P. Gladys Read ‘Snow Queen’ Phal. Joseph Hampton ‘Dianne’ x P. (Joseph Hampton x Muriel Turner) Phal. Joseph Hampton ‘Snow White’ x P. Takizo ‘White Wonder Phal. Malibu Exotic x P. James McPherson ‘Lip Flame’ — red lip Pink Phal. Sarah Loeb x P. Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ SM/JOGA Phal. Lippeglut ‘Pink Formal’ x P. Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ SM/JOGA Phal. Spring Silk x Dtps Marta De Rivilla ‘Ballerine’ These phals. are of top quality for exhibition and export; if interested in cut flower exports, please enquire for full details. Please allow substitutes: Add $10 freight for small orders. ENCLOSE 37¢ STAMP ONLY FOR RETAIL OR COMMERCIAL LISTS NEW ZEALAND: (085) 3 2753, The Cattleya Sellers, RD2 Waluku, South Auckland. @ im. = BANKCARD — MASTERCARD — VISACARD WELCOME Please supply your name, card number and expiry date. 18 __ AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 Orchid Names, Vials goood ualsy acevo) palsmicelanite R.W. Nicolle, Valley Orchids, Pimpala Road, Morphett Vale, South Australia, 5162. Have you ever thought that you would like to name an orchid after your husband or your wife, your mother or your father, your favourite aunt or uncle, the man next door or your favourite pet. You can, thanks to a system that has developed over the last 100 years. Orchids have the most complete pedigrees of any living thing on earth. All orchids, excepting just one or two excep- tions, can be traced back to the species using Sanders Complete List of Orchid Hybrids. About 1885-1889 some hybrid orchid flowers were displayed in England which Caused a sensation and from then on there was a rush to see what crosses could be made. At this time the House of Sander in England had been long interested in all phases of Orchidology and was a leader in sending collectors to the four corners of the tropical world looking for new species. So it was to be expected that when they published the ANANANNAANAAAAANANNNAANANRAAAAAAANAAANS ANNAAAAAAAANAANANAANANANNAAAANNAAAANANANS orchid guide in 1901 some attention would be given to orchid hybrids and 32 pages were used to list in alphabetical order the known named varieties of hybrids. There were also additional tables showing the pollen and seed parents. It is interesting to note that while only four Cymbidium parents were listed, over 1,000 Cypripediums (Paphiopedi- lums) appeared in the list. However, a casual glance disclosed endless dupli- cation due to the fact that at that time hybrids were given names regardless of whether the cross had been previously made and named. Of course, this was to be expected as there was no place where hybrids could be registered as is the case today. There was even one duplication among the six Cymbidium hybrids. To bring order out of such a chaotic state was the life’s work of Mr Fred K. Sander and he earned the profound and im- measurable gratitude of orchid growers orchids from WY! Me TWIWME 72 Mount Peter Road (Corner Mann Street and Mount Peter Road) Edmonton, North Queensland 4869 Please Phone (070) 55 4751 before visiting At the 12th World Orchid Conference, Tokyo, 1987 our private exhthit won 7 firsts & 7 second, including: BEST VANDA of show, SILUER MEDAL for our VANDA GORDON DILLON. CLASS 86 ASCDA.ARIBARG ‘KEVIN’ CLASS 102 doritis pulcherrima ‘yen’ CLASS 216 DEN. WHITE WINE ‘LANA CLASS 222 DEN. HALO X D. GOLDEN HALO ‘LLOYD’ CLASS 221 DEN.LILY YANG X D. TOMIE ‘LLOYD’ CLASS 224 DEN. HALO X D. GOLDEN HALO ‘BRONZE’ CLASS 221 DEN. SUMMIT GOLD X D. LADY CHARM ‘DARKIE’ RED RIBBON hig Ke DORRIT LLL Grice Gy 0 L7e Cacuree! A Fassport ror Quality Write for our current list of FLASKS and COMMUNITY POTS of FUTURE SHOW AWAKD WINNERS of: DENDROBIUM = VANDACEOUS __ CATTLEYAS NOW AVAILABLE. our own FRESHLY PREPARED ORCHID CULTURE MEDIUM ww nossy packs oR BULK AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 the world over by his contribution of many thousands hours work devoted to straightening out the nomenclature and organizing the record of parentage. Since the first 1946 edition of Sanders List of Orchid Hybrids, orchid growers have enjoyed the fruits of Mr Sander’s labour. Today this work is carried on by the Registrar of Orchid Hybrids at the Royal Horticultural Society in England. Today to have the complete list of orchid hybrids you need 6 volumes. The last volume 1981-1985 has just been released and can be purchased from the Royal Horticultural Society in England or through distributors in Australia. If you have a copy of Sanders you can trace the parentage of an orchid such as Cymbidium Sensation, registered as the name for the cross between Cym. Spartan Queen and Cym. Fascination by Wondabah in 1961. Under Sensation you can see the registered names of orchids crossed with Sensation, e.g. BLUE RIBBON BLUE RIBBON BLUE RIBBON BLUE RIBBON BLUE RIBBON BLUE RIBBON PHALAENOPSIS NANANANNAAAAANAANAANNNAAAAANANANAAARAAAAAN AN ANANNNAAAAAAAANNANAAANAAAAANANANANANAANNS Petra Onahids P.O. Box 129 Townsville Qld 4810 Phone (077) 79 7973 NOW AVAILABLE Newly discovered Paphiopedilum species from China. Latest Hybrids from Hawaii (all genera) Exhibition Phalaenthe Dendrobium hybrids. ALSO AVAILABLE: New season advance flask list. Bob Gordon's Books “Beginners Guide to the Phalaenopsis Orchid" - $12.00 (plus postage) “Culture of the Phalaenopsis Orchid” $25.00 [plus postage! Keith & Kathy Barlow's STAGMANIA NATIVE NURSERY 107 KENT STREET, GRAFTON. 2460 MAIL ORDER NATIVE ORCHIDS STAGHORNS, ELKHORNS BIRD NEST FERNS An extensive range supplied loose, potted, mounted or standing on natural wood. Licenced Picker No 30P0643. Wholesale orders of lose plants wanted. Public welcome but please phone for appointment. (O66) 42 5262 Sensation x Bethlehem = Memoria Ken Blackman, Sensation x Khyber Pass = Panama Red. If you want to trace the parentage of Sensation back further you can look up its parents i.e. Spartan Queen, see figure 1. The parentage of Spartan Queen is Regina x Sparta registered by S in 1946. Who is S you may ask? If you turn to the front of Sanders List of Orchid Hybrids there is a list of abbreviations, and if you look down you will find S which was formerly Sanders of St. Albans Limited, Royal Orchid Nurseries, St. Albans, Hertz, Great Britain, later D.F. Sander of Lavender Cottage. : Cym. Valley Goddess ‘Rajah’ (4N) (Sleeping Castle x Desiree ‘A’Logann’). You do not have to buy the complete list of orchid hybrids to be able to trace parentage. For many years Frank Slattery of Sydney has put out a small book called Cymbidium Names and Parentage which costs under $10. It doesn’t have the cross references of Sanders List of Orchid Hybrids, how- ever, it is possible to trace a Cym- bidium’s parentage using the book. Also all new registrations are published in the English orchid Review and American Orchid Bulletin. Most of the larger orchid clubs within Australian receive copies of the Orchid Review and the American Orchid Society Bulleting and the major FRANK SLATTERY ORCHIDS OF MERIT 12 EDDYSTONE ROAD, BEXLEY, NSW 2207. PHONE 50 7985 (Off Stoney Creek Road, opposite Bexley Park) You are invited to call and inspect a large selection of various genera, including first class Cattleyas, Cymbidiums, odontoglossums, Paphiopedilums, and all tvpes of orchids suitable for bush and glasshouse. We publish regular listings of stock on hand — (Please enclose 60c for listings). “CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS, NAMES AND PARENTAGE”. New edition — complete to July 1983. Price $3.00 per copy plus 70c postage. Also new addendum July 1983 to December 1986. Price $2.50 posted. “THE NEW BOOK FOR ORCHID LOVERS” in colour. Price $5.00 per copy plus 90c postage. OPEN SEVEN DAYS WEEKLY We carry large stocks of all types of orchids suitable for shade and glasshouse culture. We also stock fertilizers, ready-mixed compost, all types of sprays including ‘Physan’, water brakes and extension handles, sphagnam moss (Tasmania) and Dundas sprinklers for watering and misting. state bodies have one or more sets of the complete Sanders List of Orchid Hybrids for members to peruse. If you decide that you want to register a name for a new orchid hybrid, you will have to obtain a registration form from the Registrar of Orchid Hybrids, The Royal Horticultural Society, Vincent Square, London, SW1P 2PE, England. There is no charge for the form, however, if you application is successful, the fee is US$15 (approx. Australian $25). You must give a first and second choice for the new name (proposed grex epithet), you must show the genus e.g. Cymbidium and the parentage. Once the cross is registered it doesn’t matter whether the cross was made Sensation X Valley Sprite or whether the cross was the reverse Valley Sprite x Sensation. It doesn’t matter which varieties of Sensation or Valley Sprite are used, all progeny using the two parents Valley Sprite and Sensation are called Cauldron. You must fill out the applicant’s dec- laration as to originator. The originator is the owner of the parent plant, that is the plant that carried the seed pod at the time of pollination. If the originator is unknown to you, you must explain why, and if, e.g. you cannot remember where you purchased the seedling and the seedling has been around for years with no-one bothering to register the plant and AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 A new orchid hybrid, Cym. Valley Hearth ‘Embers’ (4N) (Sensation X Kiata). Embers is the varietal name and is never registered. you have made subsequent crosses with the plant, an application for registration will probably be successful. If you are not | the originator, but you know who was, | you can seek their permission and these days with the costs around $25 per Tegistration the originator will almost | certainly give you permission to register the plant. To complete the form you need to know the date that the cross was made, the date of first flowering and a descrip- tion of the first flowers or a colour photograph. Because of the high incidence of rejected applications, due to prior regis- ° 7 tration or prior use of proposed name ora line and we will be pleased to Similar sounding or looking name, only colour slides will be returned in the case of a rejected application. Large pictures, etc. will not be returned due to cost. Also ° ° applications must be made in English. If seedling fla sk li St. your application is successful you will Teceive an account from the Registrar of Orchid Hybrids for the amount out- Standing which must be paid forthwith, otherwise you will be unable to register orchids in the future. In due course your new name will appear in magazines, PET ER ROCH FORT orchid catalogues and eventually in the latest volume of Sanders List of Orchid Hybrids. _Inorder to prevent rejected applications it is important to search all volumes of Sanders List of Orchid Hybrids and re- cent registration lists in magazines, for the If you are not on our current mailing list, please do drop us a forward you our Cymbidium PO BOX 247, BROADWAY, NSW, AUSTRALIA 2007 Phone 427 2575 (BH) 692 9981 (AH after 7 pm) AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 21 a a iatsmexslel(elas\o me) Sensation cross and name, prior to application. We keep a list of all recent Cymbidium registrations from the lates Sanders List to the present time. This way we can search for names on our computer to see if various crosses have already been registered and what names have been Species used ebernum used. Between 1980 and 1986 when the lowianum most recent volume became available ansonii there were approximately 1637 new it Cymbidium hybrids registered. By usng insigne Ae r the computer it is possible to see that 127 eg of these registrations were from Adelaide schroederi Orchids. We can also call up our own grandiflorum registrations, or any other information parishii sanderii we need on registrations. Between 1980 and 1986 Adelaide * registered in 1911 by Fowler, Orchids and Valley orchids together also described as a natural hybrid registered nearly 25% of all the new in 1914. Cymbidium hybrids in the world. This year at Valley Orchids we have over 50 new hybrids to register, so if you have flowered one of our seedlings and would like to see it named after dear Aunt Annie, contact us, tell us the name of the cross, we will be pleased to supply you with a registration form and grant permission for you to register the orchid in the name of your choice @ Florafest Orchids 53 John Woolf (Manager) P.O. Box 7011, TOOWOOMBA, 4352 TELEPHONE (076) 30 1102 — AH. (076) 34 2953 LABORATORY AND NURSERY OPEN BY APPOINTMENT ALL PLANTS Ex. 50mm pots from our current Catalogue. BAKERS DOZEN SPECIALS AOR Special: Buy any 12 & receive 1 free (your choice) or Buy any 24 & receive 4 free (your choice) Both offers plus $8.50 Skyroad Freight 0215 Paph. Tamirose x fairieanum. $5.00 1010 Bic. Waikiki Gold ‘Lea’ x C. Penny Kuroda : ’ ‘Spots’ $3.00 0225 Odm. bictoniense x Oda Matanda $5.00 1012 Bic. Bouton D'Or ‘Lewis’ x Blc. Waikiki Gold 0346 Onc. (Ritzy x Purple Envy) x Persian Market $3.00 ‘Lea’ $3.00 0429 ~Lockhartia oerstedii x self $3.00 1022 C. Chocolate Drop ‘Kodama’ x Sic. Vallezac 0480 = Sar.cecilae ‘Gladstone’ xcecilae‘Caliope’ $3.00 ‘Billie Miles’ AH/AOS $5.00 0489 Onc. Gloria Hill = (stramineum x Red Stone) 1026 (SI. Psyche x Slc. Little Beamche) x C. $3.00 Intermediate ‘Aquinii’ $3.00 0522 Cym. erosythostylum x self $3.00 1067 Den. Susan x fleckerii $3.00 Den. Hilda Poxon (speciosum ‘Buttercup’ x tetragonum 1255 Den. Dalellen x Doreen $3.00 ‘Giganteum’) $3.00 1421 Sar. Fitzhart # 1 x Rhin. divitiflorus $3.00 0637 Oda Alouette x Odm. Percola‘Lyoth Delta’ $5.00 7102 Den. Christmas Chimes ‘Asuka’ x (Merlin Flake x 0600 Sic. Tangerine Jewell x KauaiStarbright $3.00 Snowflake x Konan x Sakura) $3.00 0802 Den. x Delicatum (speciosum ‘Buttercup’ x 7106 Den. Mild Yumi ‘Komanchi’ x Merlin Flake kingianum ‘Corrigans Red’) $3.00 ‘Casino’ $3.00 0932 Den. Ku Ring Gai (delicatum x tetragonum 7781 Den. Merlin Flake ‘White Icing’ x Merlin Flake ‘Giganteum’) $3.00 ‘Pure White’ $3.00 0964 Zygo. (Helen Ku x Blackii) x intermedium 7782 Den. Miyuki ‘White Beauty x Golden Blossom ‘Bolin’ $5.00 ‘Kogane’ $3.00 Air Freight (door to door) $8.50 Extra — Send for a full plant & flask listing. WY All plants sent Bare Root...Offer closes 31st May 1988 Mail Order Specialists — eS peas bys erend Satisfaction Guaranteed Florafesr .. . A festival of living colour! 22 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 ——— — ORCHID EXPO 88 A SHOW AND CONFERENCE BY THE SEA Can you imagine an Orchid Show only 5 minutes walking distance from the ocean; in a relaxed holiday atmosphere; at a beautiful Cultural Centre; with a World-class Lecture Theatre? This will be Orchid Expo ’88 to be held from the 8th to 12th September 1988, at the City of Caloundra on the Sunshine Coast just 45 minutes by road north of Brisbane — a Show and Conference which will be a most enjoyable cele- bration of orchid growing, and a tribute by the Sub-Tropical Orchid Council, Queensland, to Australia’s Bicentennial celebrations. Timed also to coincide with World Expo 88 (our Show and Con- ference has been endorsed as an official function) registrants and visitors can take the opportunity to visit this event in Brisbane at the same time. The Sunshine Coast can boast of some of Australia’s premier tourist attractions and areas of natural beauty and Con- ference tours ar available to the most interesting of these attractions. The opening night on Thursday, Sep- tember 8, 1988 (for those who register early) will be held at the Civic Cultural Centre. From 6.30pm registrants will be able to preview the Show and enjoy a “first look” at all the winners. Quality at the Show will be high, and the very wide range of genera grown in the “Sub- Tropical” area, will ensure a variety of orchids second to none. The large and beautiful foyer of the Civic Centre will feature some unique displays, including a wall map of Aus- tralia, displaying the badges of all Australian Societies, together with a card outlining their meeting dates, times and venues. Incidentally, if your Society has not yet forwarded their badge to us, please do so to enable recognition to be given to your Society. Overseas visitors are always intrigued with the Epidendrum (reed-type) orchids grown in Southern Queensland, and the Foyer will feature them ‘en masse’. Lecture sessions begin on Friday September 9, and are open to registrants only. The line-up of speakers both from overseas and Australia is an impressive one. Mr Syd Wray from New Zealand will be talking on the Oncidium Alliance — a subject which holds much interest for orchid growers. Two American speakers who derive their fame from their work with Phalaenopsis — Mr John Miller and Mr George Vasquez — are very knowledgeable in the areas of hybridising and cultivation. A subject which is sure to be popular is the section on miniature orchids, to be covered by mr Jack Woltmon of Hawaii. Australian speakers include Mr Don Gallagher, Mr Len Lawler, Dr Noel Grundon and Mrs Marj Purnell who will cover the topics of Cymbidiums, Australian natives, orchid fungi and Ceratobium Dendrobiums respectively. The Lecture Theatre is situated within the Show complex so there will be no travelling involved between venues. Saturday night is the Gala Tropical Banquet at the Sunshine Plantation (‘Big Pineapple’) — one of Australia’s premier tourist attractions. This will be an event in keeping with the Conference — relaxed, happy in a superb venue with tropical food such as you have never experienced. International Speaker, Mr Bob Gordon, will be the dinner speaker. Bob is an author of many Phalaenopsis books, and, at the Conference, will be launching his very latest publication. Bob is noted for his with and “laid back” style and this will be an enjoyable and infor- mative interlude. Have you ever been on a train ride through a moonlit rainforest, at night? This is part of your night out at the Sunshine Plantation. A change of atmosphere is planned for Sunday with a day in the open at a park on the top of the Blackall Range. ““On a clear day you can see forever’ from Mary Cairncross Park to the spectacular Glasshouse Mountains and the Coast. Tranport to and from Caloundra will be provided. An Australian Bar-B-Que and a rainforest walk will be just the thing to “blow away the cobwebs” from the night before. Monday night, September 12, is the night for farewells, with — well we aren’t going to tell you. It’s a Mystery Night ata mystery venue, with a mystery dinner and mystery entertainment. Intrigued?? The only way to find out will be to join in the fun — value is guaranteed! There is much international interest in the Conference, and group exhibits from overseas will add to this spectacular show. Australian societies have been most supportive with their participation. Think about joining us for this exciting experience. For full details on the Conference, tours, functions and accommodation drop a line to Mrs D. Mitchell, MS 956, Flaxton, QLD. 4560 or phone (071) 45 7334 ®@ D. M. Mitchell, Hon. Secretary Orchid Expo 88 Tandara Orchids Quality Cattleyas Strong plants from small to flowering sizes Send 37¢ stamp for comprehensive listing. Tandara Orchid Nursery PO Box.235, Tolga, 4885 HARDCANE DENDROBIUMS We have a large range of seedlings available including CERATOBIUM, PHALAENANTHE, INTERMEDIATE, CANALICULATUM HYBRIDS AND NOVELTIES. SOME FLASKS ALSO AVAILABLE. For complete list, please send 33¢ stamp to: D’/BUSH ORCHID NURSERY PO BOX 57, KURANDA, QUEENSLAND 4872 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 PHONE (070) 93 7923 NM yall Onchids New Guinea and Australian Ceratobium Dendrobiums including Bigibbum Canaliculatum and Johannis hybrids. Some New Guinea species. Seedlings to flowering size. Min Korsman 95 TOOLAKEA BEACH ROAD, BLUEWATER QUEENSLAND 4816. (077) 88 6147 BRAZILIAN ORCHIDS AND BROMELIADS Plants and Seeds CATALOG No. 80 offers around 3,000 true- toname different. ORCHIDS — and BROMELIADS, and contains nearly 400 illustrations (also in color), will be sent for USS2.00, or USS4.00 if wished by Air mail. Payments exclusively by cash, or cheque payable in NEW YORK, by any bank. We supply also seeds of PHILODENDRUM, PALMS AND OTHER FOLIAGE PLANTS AND HAVE GUARANTEED SINCE 1906 our products. ALVIM SEIDEL Orquideario Catarinense PO Box 1, 89280 CORUPA, Sta. Catarina. Brazil. ORCHID ENTERPRISES PO Box 2398, Southport, Qld. 4215 PHONE: (075) 53 1924 FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones Cattleyas - Softcanes - Hardcanes Vandaceous - Odont. alliance - species KEIKIGROW PRODUCTS — we are the SOLE Australian agents for Keikigrow Products of Canada. Keikigrow - Stoprot and Rootgrow in stock - 7.5cc at $12.50 Post Paid Send stamp for our current listings. AUSTRALIAN NATIVE TERRESTRIAL ORCHIDS Available as DORMANT TUBERS — November- February BARE ROOT PLANTS — May-August Easily grown species and hybrids from a range of genera including Acianthus, Caladenia, Chiloglottis, Corybas, Diuris, Microtis, Pterostylis and Thelymitra. Send SAE for listing and cultural notes LT. & M.K. NESBITT 18 Cambridge Street, Vale Park, SA 5081 C. Cronulla ‘The Khan’. (C>, Winter Fair ‘Honey’ x C. Wallara. These Cymbidiums were bred to give high productivity but to ensure reliable cropping and a more precise understanding of their cultural requirements was necessary. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 Alvin Bryant There is a logic to the flowering of cymbidiums if we take the facts we have in our possession and put them together. This logic points to the type of changes we should make in our present cultural practices both for improved production and the possible elimination of that bad flowering year. The ability to know in advance the size of the next season’s crop is a goal well worthy of serious thought by all of us. As each season approaches the usual conversation will hinge around specu- lation as to whether it is a good flowering year or not and we see growers varying heavily from one year to the next with their crop yields. In fact there is an acceptance that some years will be good flowering years and others not so good and it here the danger lies for it can stop us from looking further. The clue to look further is reinforced when it can be Observed that other growers maintain consistent yields. Perhaps it is a special location but then again it might be some- thing else. Whether it be season or location which can account for variations in production the question should be asked as to whether our cultural methods Cymbidium Sleeping Dream x C. Yamba. can be improved so that the crop and its quality is stable in spite of the influences of season or reasonable location. Let us look at what we have been told. Most will be familiar with basic flowering requirements such as (1) the plant should have sufficient light to bring about a change ffrom a vegetative growth cycle to a flowering cycle and the reason is variously given as either breaking down a particular hormone or shifting its concen- C. Winter Wonder ‘Josephine’. tration from leaves to roots (2). the phosphate level should be above a certain minimum (3) there should be a drop in temperature and this is given as a need for it to fall below 12°C or, according to others, a relative drop but no word as to how often (4) the nitrogen level is recommended as being 2.25 per cent of the dry weight of the leaf but a number of large and experienced growers feel this should be just under 2 per cent. P.O. Box 860, Toowoomba, 4350 Phone 076 96 7279 A ORCHIDS LABORATORIES FLASKING SERVICE SEND STAMP FOR LIST MAIL ORDERS OUR SPECIALTY AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 25 Pa Mooroolbark Orchids Mainly Masdevallia Cool growing little dazzlers New release in 142” pots @ $7.50 ea. GOOD REASONS WHY... We ARE Australia’s foremost Masdevallia specialist . . . our Parents!! Masdevallia coccinea. . . ‘CARNEA’, ‘GREENTREP’, ‘ROYAL PURPLE’, alba. ‘SNOWBIRD”’. & xanthina “ESPECIALBE’. veitchiana... ‘PRINCE DE GALLES’, ‘SOL’, ‘MARY CHANTRY’, ‘AL SMITH’ & ‘CARIMO’. caudata.. . ‘JANET’ calocodon .. . ‘PEPPERMINT’ chaparensis . . . “SEMANTHA’ reichenbachiana. . . ‘BRUCE’ schroderiana . . . ‘LOS OSOS’ tovarensis.. . ‘LIL’ triangularis . . . ‘LEMON BUTTER’ See how we’ve used these & others, please send stamp for current Masdevallia listing. Seedlings from $7.50 ea. Divisions & imported species & hybrids available in limited quantity from $20F.S. 6 BELLARA DRIVE MOOROOLBARK VIC 3138 Phone (03) 726 0060 MELWAYS MAP 37 E9 We attend Friday, Saturday & Sunday. Other times by arrangement, as we are sometimes absent without notice. We strongly advise ‘phoning ahead of your visit. LEISURE TIME ® Downee fittings e Glasshouse paint ® Glazing bars @ Horticultural Glass © Solarweave & Visqueen Plastic films @ Barrows @ Trolleys 26 ALUMINIUM GLASSHOUSE its @ Knitted Shadecloth e Glasshouses e Fibreglass @ Shadehouses e@ Water pipe @ Plant benches @ Propagation trays © Potting trays @ Weed control mat Phone or Write for FREE Catalogue &) A.D. SPRING MFG." 154 BELLEVUE PARADE, CARLTON, N.S.W. 2218 ALL PHONE ENQUIRIES (02) 5461376 @ (02) 546 7807 To this we can add some observations. (1) Young seedlings grow most rapidly in the January to May interval (2) flower spikes are visible in January (3) plants divided in September usually do not flower as well as if they had been left unbroken (4) it is a common practice to start watering and fertilising as the weather warms in September (5) the growing rhythm of a plant should be such that the new growths are on the verge of bulbing in January and this growth should flower (6) plants which are given insufficient water do not make up their new growths in time and lose their productivity (7) plants drop leaves from their older bulbs in March (8) watering before bulbs and foliage have dried from previous watering can cause plants to rot (9) the leaves on well cultured plants stand up and this is an important instant appraisal guide (10) plants grown too close together do not flower well and may not dry between waterings so plants should be a pot space away from each other (11) light levels should be good with a slight yellow tinge to the green of the leaf being a good guide (12) plants grown in a glass house all year do not flower as well but this can be corrected by controlling the glasshouse environment, or seasonally changing the roof cover or moving the plants out. SEE THE REST, THEN BUY THE BEST SHADEHOUSE In 1983 the nursery was changed over to trickele irrigation. For a number of seasons prior to this sausfactory results had been obtained by using Nitraphoska with an N.P.K. ratio of 13:6:17. The measure of satisfaction was the result of examining the new growths each January and if those about to bulb showed flower initiation then all would be deemed to be well. With the advent of trickle irrigation the need to have fully soluble fertilisers required a change in fertiliser and as a leaf analysis was to be instituted the nitrogen levels were lifted in anticipation. Subsequent leaf analysis results in April 1984 showed the nutrient levels were in the “good” range with nitrogen at 2.25 per cent and potassium just on 2 per cent. The 1984 cut flower crop however dropped by some 10,000 blooms. Subsequent leaf analysis results showed the levels remained good but the 1985 crop dropped by a further 10,000 blooms. Now this was not unexpected for others who had gone to guided leaf analysis methods had experienced similar results. The plants however, never looked better for the watering was now much more efficient and the nitrogen level was higher. As other conditions were unchanged, nitrogen level was the prime suspect. Throughout 1984 I kept looking through the information mentioned above but it was not fitting together. It was not until early 1985 I decided to see what was happening in the species environment and the flowering logic ensued. My reading tells me that a number of the cymbidium species grow in the foothills of the Himalayas at an altitude of about 1000 metres. They are to be found at the edges of the forest areas and are watered by the monsoons. If we dwell on this we can envisage the warm air under the foliage cooling and falling so that we could expect to find cooler air flowing out the side of the forest and over the cym- bidiums. At the edge of the forest good air movement could also be expected which would dry the plants off between water- ings. Also, because of the altitude there would be a reasonable difference in day and night temperature. The monsoons are summer rains with dry conditions for the rest of the year. This suggests that the plant may be gradually moving into a stress situation in the spring when flowering initiates and once this has happened the cycle repeats with the copious watering, high temperatures and longer summer days. This yielded the first difference. The cymbidium in its natural state was growing to a cyclic pattern and my fertiliser programs had ignored this and AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 Yamamoto DENDROBIUMS The best range of Soft Cane Dendrobiums ever!!! ODONTOGLOSSUM ALLIANCE and MILTONIA HYBRIDS available If you are not already on our mailing list SEND S.A.E. OR PHONE TO: BANACOAST ORCHIDS PO BOX 1528, COFFS HARBOUR, NSW 2450 Just aimed at maintaining optimum levels throughout the year. If we look at the cycle for the year (southern hemisphere months used from now on) by taking the beginning of January (southern hemisphere second summer month) as a starting point we have a position where the plant is growing actively and the flower spikes can be detected as a swelling at the base of the new bulbing growths. This con- tinues through the summer, followed by flowering ranging through autumn, winter and into the spring with growth slowing in the winter and increasing again as the weather warms. It is reasonable to take October to December as initiation time for if a block of cym- bidiums are broken and propagated in September the flowering is not as good the following season so initiation must occur sometime after September. As the flower spikes are present by the end of December then initiation must occur sometime in these months. The significance of this cycle did not strike me for some time for I did not immediately consider it against the cycle for plants in general. For plants in general the cycle was growth, initiation and flowering but with cybidiums initiation, was in the early part of the growth cycle and if it was thought of as an initiation, growth and flowering cycle PHONE (066) 54 1183 then we had extracted the second difference. If we look at plants in general there are well documented reasons for giving higher nitrogen levels in the growth cycle and less in the initiation and flowering phase. The same applies to the practice of increasing the nitrogen to potassium ratio in the hot summer months. This is also the time of plenty for our cym- bidiums so higher nitrogen levels are harmonious with conventional thinking for this time. In the spring however we have a position where the weather is warming and the accelerated growth cycle is starting. For this, higher nitrogen nt orchids, etc, etc. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 PRIVATE CYMBIDIUM COLLECTION 750 PLUS PLANTS All top quality world famous mericlones and seedlings. Mainly plants from A Bryant, Adelaide Orchids, Valley First class export quality, disease-free plants. Also shade house, %4” piping, Downie fittings etc, will dismount, galvin mesh benches. Prefer to sell in one lot. E. Brooks Phone (02) 632 3256 13 Crosslands Street, Merrylands NSW 2160 levels would be indicated and yet for cymbidiums this and the early summer is the time of flower initiation when lower nitrogen levels are indicated. This apparent contradiction suggested that the plant must have a mechanism for resolving this which points-directly to the role of the pseudobulb. In order to begin the growth cycle before the monsoons start a storage device would be needed to hold nutrients from the time of plenty for release in the spring. If this is the role of the pseudobulb then it is also reasonable to expect that a correct nutritional balance would be translocated for both new growth and flower initiation. As a 27 SUPHACHADIWONG ORCHIDS imporT—ExPORT FROM THAILAND 18/1 SOl 7 BANGPHRA CHONBURI 20210 THAILAND TEL 038/311511 Our special offer for you 1. Cultivated Thai species 2. Interesting integeneric hybrids 3. Vanda and Assocenda hybrids 4. Semi-terete vandaceous hybrids 5. Dendrobium hybrids Write now for our new free price list 1988 and our additional colourful catalogue pages. DO YOU HAVE OUR FIRST CATALOGUE WITH MORE THAN 600 DIFFERENT AND VERY INTERESTING ORCHIDS IN FULL COLOUR? If not, please send US$5 for our |. catalogue and receive US$5 coupon for redemption with your first order. Please, send all payments only by registered letters! result there is no need to rush into increased nitrogen levels until itis known initiation has occurred (end of Decem- ber). Only then should it be given to cater for the heavy growth and storage uptake phase. This reasoning preserves the lower nitrogen for initiation maxim and goes against the present practice of applying high nitrogen levels in the spring to push the new growth which clearly contradicts initiation requirements. This gave the third difference. This logic now offers an explanation as to why a number of growers can have good cropping for several seasons and then have a poor year while others do not seem to be affected. The puzzle was that the season apeared to have some bearing upon:it and yet all growers were not affected. However it all fits together if we think of higher nitrogen levels being applied in the spring and the nitrogen level rising to a point where initiation is inhibited. If iniiation occurs before this point then all is well but if a seasonal variation delays initiation then a reduced flowering occurs. From this a simple profile was indicated. From January to May 1985 (I now feel this should have been only until leaf drop time in March/April) the plants were given a nitrogen to potassium ratio of 2.25 to 2 to bring the plants into their optimum levels in their time of plenty, the summer. For the rest of the year when Wyone Orcuip Nurseries “N.S.W. Central Coast Orchid Specialists” flowering and initiation occur, nitrogen was reduced so that the average over 12 months was one where nitrogen should be slightly less than two per cent and potassium two per cent on leaf analysis. This was repeated in 1986 and again in 1987. The 1986 crop was almost double any previous best and the 1987 crop just as good. This yearly average of the potassium to nitrogen ratio was chosen as the result of discussions with international growers who seemed to agree that a nitrogen slightly less than potassium figure was best. There was another alternative and that was to constantly fertilise to give a leaf analysis of just under two per cent for nitrogen and two per cent for potassium all the year around but a faith in the plant’s mechanism for storage in its time of plenty for use in leaner times seemed to have an advantage. The question of just how much higher the nitrogen level to potassium in the summer should be and how much less the nitrogen level to potassium can be in the flowering and initiation times is one which will have to be answered in the future. It should also be noted that the watering and fertilising rate was always based on keeping the roots moist but seeing that bulbs and foliage dried before the next watering. Allowance was made for the watering and fertilising rates to increase in the spring as the weather warmed but MANY BRAND NEW COLOURS — SHOW POTENTIAL AUTUMN BRILLIANCE IN CATTLEYA GENERA FROM TAMBORINE MOUNTAIN ORCHIDS TO SEE IS TO BELIEVE THE QUALITY PLANTS FROM THIS AUSTRALIAN LEADER FOR WHOM WE REPRESENT THEIR PRODUCTS FOR NSW CENTRAL COAST SLC. HAZEL BOYDS HB! ‘Hizabeth’ AM/AOS, HB3 ‘Redstone, HB7 ‘Frae’ AM/AOS. Others on enquiry — All 4” pots only $25 plus freight. M138 — Bic. Gold Country ‘Fine Gold’ — Beautiful pure yellow, red labellum. M106 — C. Lyn Spencer ‘Cha’ HCC/AOS — Delightful Show White. M156 — C. Interglossa ‘Leny — Spectacular, up to 15 flowers — Cheny red spots. M151 — Epicat Melvin Bates — Showy greenish/yellow cluster — red labellum — All 4” pots $15 and freight. M149 — Bic. Frank Fordyce ‘Sunshine’ — Exhibition creamy green, crimson splashes — 4” pots $20 plus freight. M42 — Bic. Tennozan — up fo 6 delightful light pink blooms. M41 — Bic. Chery Paradise ‘Perfection’ — Large Pale Mauve exhibition. — Superb large flowering size plants 5/2” pots — ONLY $25 plus freight. SUPER SPECIAL Limited supply, priced to clear — M55 — Lc. Kindee ‘The King’ — Beautiful splash petal (Tamborine exclusive) flowering size in 4” pots $25 & freight. Visitors welcome at the nursery anytime — Open every day 9am-5pm. PERSONAL ATTENTION & ADVICE — SEND SAE APPROX 22x15cms for catalogues. 60 cent stamp. Wyone Orcuip Nurseries BASFORD ROAD, LAKE MUNMORAH, N.S.W. AUSTRALIA — TELEPHONE (043) 58 8563 MasterCard] 28 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 the nitrogen to potassium ratio was not altered. A point which has gradually become more significant to me is the further consideration of the rate of leaf loss on the older bulbs in March/April. This may be our most important clue as to how much nitrogen should be given in the summer in relation to a balanced lesser rate for the rest of the year. It may also be the signal to drop nitrogen levels as the plant is making decisions in accordance with its existing uptake. (For these tests I carried the higher nitrogen level into May Still being hesitant to fully follow the logic messages but now the higher nitrogen level is ending with leaf drop time in March/April). I assume the large growers know how to calculate their fertiliser ratios. Mine were adapted from the Matkin recommenda- tions. I was interested to note that the chemicals recommended were “‘old hat” stemming back to those used in the 1890s. Throughout the year potassium nitrate with diammonium phosphate was alternated every three or four weeks with potassium nitrate and magnesium Sulphate. From the beginning of January through to May (corrected now to leaf drop in March/April) ammonium nitrate was added to increase the nitrogen level. Calcium and other nutrients were sup- plied as a result of top dressing with poultry manure at the beginning of January. The location deficiencies of boron and molybdenum were added unchanged according to Matkin recom- mendations. During the course of these tests I refrained from leaf analysis in order that I would not be deterred by some adverse readings for my workout was one of logic and hypothetical calculation. Only now will I be returning to leaf analysis to better interpret what has resulted. I expect to look at leaf analysis results differently in future for it will take into account the probable effects of seasonal Storage and translocation of nutrients on the readings. There are two points which arise from this exercise in logic namely (1) regard it as a beginning from which an eventual fine tuning of cultural requirements will emerge. At present I am not attempting to present a precise end result. (2) use itas a base to test the cultural requirements of other genera. For instance we can look at Phalaenopsis and observe that these do not have pseudobulbs which suggests that their cycle might be growth, initia- tion and flowering. We can look at Paphs and make the same observation. When we look at Dendrobiums however we can observe that they have pseudobulbs and ask the question as to whether their cycle might be initiation growth then flowering. If the different genera are examined from this point of view then a more precise YOU WIN WITH EASY TO FLOWER CYMS S) ato) oX=Yarelaywilayallare} antares (olarsssy cy elsvelt-Uhaxevareysi-1aliie)pazelen These grow like mad and flower their heads off. ALISON SHAW ‘VALENTINE’ AM/AOS B/CSA HCC/AOC Champion Spring Show pink intermediate FLORIPINK ‘FIORINA’ Recently imported ultra early pretty Dutch pink MORIALTA ‘MORIALTA FALLS’ HCC/OCSA Showbench champion May bronze miniature. Superb hanging basket variety. : WILPENA‘ERNA’ Polychrome/tan intermediate Winter show winner with a gorgeous blush lip. ROTHESAY ‘BLACK LABEL’ Champion New Zealand Sept brown standard TEPKO ‘FRECKLES’ Beige intermediate with pink spots overall. Early flowering on long spikes. PATHFINDER ‘ORANGE DELIGHT Shapely bright orange intermediate for late Winter. SUE ‘AALSMEER EMERALD?’ Tall erect April flowering Dutch clear apple green miniature. SUE ‘AALSMEER SUN’ Same as Sue ‘Aalsmeer Emerald’ but crisp clean yellow SUMMER NIGHTS ‘GEYSERLAND’ HCC/AOS Tall very early warmth tolerant white miniature. VALENTINES LOVE ‘LEANNE?’ Exclusive tall March perfumed quality green intermediate. Send $10 ea for these big husky bareroot mericlones. Please include $7 for air FREIGHT FREE! Bank/Mastercard welcome. expiry date. freight. Orders over $100 Quote name, number and Call or write for our FREE CATALOGUE. EASY ORCHIDS 5 Richman Ave. Prospect SA 5082 pointer to their cultural requirements might also emerge. The following is included for the small grower (Sydney area) who has to buy the fertiliser from the shelf. For those who use Aquasol my obser- vations show that if used all the year around a less than optimum crop is obtained as it is a formula for growing with a nitrogen level higher than potas- sium level. As a result I would suggest using it from January to leafdrop in March/April and then changing to, say, Phostrogen for the rest of the year. This would give a lower nitrogen level on a yearly averaging than my tests but only time will tell if the amount of nitrogen the cymbidium stores in the time of plenty is adequate to cover this. For those who use the Campbell blue and yellow formulations I disagree with part of the instructions and feel they may have been the result of using the growth, initiation, flowering cycle instead of the cymbidium’s initiation, growth and flowering cycle. As a result I would suggest the blue (higher nitrogen) formula from January to leaf drop in March/ April and the yellow (lower nitro- gen) for the rest of the year although it is possible the blue formula while good for smaller plants may be too high for plants at flowering size. I notice that Retec Ltd offer Liquifert AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 Phone Glenn Heylen (08) 344 4255 and Florafert. I have a high opinion of this large company and suggest a close look at these products. It should be kept in mind that there are difficulties in formulating one complete fully soluble chemical fertiliser as certain chemicals are anagonistic to others.. For instance, of too much magnesium is present in some forms with phosphorous the phosphorous will precipitate out. It is for this reason that growers will have seen odd articles over the past 20 years advocating the use of a separately applied magnesium supplement to Aquasol. Also there can be problems with calcium presence and some formulae may not have it in at all. For this reason I advise the addition of an organic fraction such as poultry manure at the beginning of January, as a topping (if possible do not let it come in contact with the plant) @ A.O.R. WELCOMES EDITORIAL CONTRIBUTIONS Address editorial to: The Editor Aust- ralian Orchid Review, 14 McGill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia. Please make sure that all slides are marked with the owner’s name and a return address is supplied. Ee ee eS 29 ORCHID CULTURE MEDIA for Sowing and Replating AS USED BY VALLEY ORCHIDS AND OTHER LEADING NURSERIES. %* SPECIALISED MEDIA for all POPULAR GENERA * GENERAL SOWING and REPLATING MEDIA * LIQUID MERISTEM MEDIA ALL MEDIA ONLY $5.50 PER 1 LITRE PACK INCLUDING PACKING AND POSTAGE IN AUSTRALIA * ALL MEDIA ALSO AVAILABLE IN PACKS to prepare 10 litres $40.00 * HORMONE KEIKI PASTE in 3ml tubes for stem propagation of Phalaenopsis $4.00 per tube including packing and postage in Australia. * SUBSTANTIAL DISCOUNTS For orders over $100.00 %* FRESHLY PREPARED MEDIA Dispatched promptly by air mail. Please specify genus and whether sowing or replating medium is required. ORCHID MEDIA LABORATORIES P.O. BOX 201 KINGSWOOD SOUTH AUSTRALIA 5062 (08) 31 7237 (08) 271 0690 (After hours) BANKCARD AND MASTERCARD WELCOME PLEASE SUPPLY YOUR NAME, CARD NUMBER AND EXPIRY DATE 30 P-NUTiigclitclame@)ceialce. In{=) 0f0)a(=10 fl Val pio)al=1(0 i ol a Dr Boden, Director of the National Botanic Gardens, Canberra, has written to the Foundation expressing pleasure at the effectiveness of the complete com- puter system donated by the Foundation and “Nell and Hermon Slade Trust’’. For years the Gardens have had to depend on the Government central typing pool. The remoteness of the pool and the lack of familiarity with botanical terms by pool typists inevitably caused errors. Also there was always a backlog of data. The internal computer system has over- come these problems, resulting in more rapid processing of data in such fields as indexing collections and_ records, research projects, and educational pro- grams. This means better service for the public. The system has also made co-operation with other botanical institutions, par- ticularly Kew, easier through the simple exchange of computer data disks. All this improved efficiency for an outlay of just under $18,000. Solomon Islands Robert Mitchell from Kew has com- pleted a study of the orchids of the Solomon Islands. His journey was sub- stantially financed by the AOF. A program of shots taken during his travels has been composed for the AOC Slide Program Library. Some new orchids were discovered and the geographical range of others extended. A copy of Robert’s report is available from the AOC in return for a donation of $5.00. It is a worthwhile addition to any botanical or society library. Orchids and Butterflies What’s the connection? You'll find it in the Butterfly House at the Melbourne Zoo. Members of the Foundation have been donating orchid plants for this large and unique structure. Temperature is kept at a constant 25°C. If you care to contribute plants they will be welcome and help to make excellent publicity for orchids. Species Bank You can contribute to the practical con- servation of orchids by selfing your species and sending the seed to the AOF Species Bank. Loose seed should be wrapped and sent to Mr David Husted, 81 Darvall Road, West Ryde, NSW 2114. AOF Awards of Honour These awards recognise outstanding work for orchids by individuals. Nomina- tions can be made to the AOF by any person and should be accompanied by support from at least two others, along with a resume of achievements. Three nominations have been made. Mr Bill Murdoch has been nominated by Mr George Hillman, and supported by Mr Leonard Field and Mr Richard Hall. At over 90 years of age Mr Bill Murdock is a legend to native orchid growers. Bill set the wheels in motion for the formation of the Australasian Native Orchid Society. He was founding Presi- dent and served for three years, then a further three years as Vice-President. He has been a long time member of the AOF. Mr Murdock has visited and helped ANOS groups and other societies in most States, and at his own expense. Many ANOS groups and some societies East Coast Orchids Specialising in New Guinea Ceratobium Dendrobiums. Species and hybrids. With our selective breeding we can offer a range of quality orchids from seedlings to flowering size. For descriptive list send stamp to: EAST COAST ORCHIDS — K. & H. MARTIN P.O. BOX 361, KURANDA, QUEENSLAND 4872 PHONE (070) 93 7065 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 have made him an honorary member. He doesn’t travel these days but it just as much interested in native orchids as ever. Mr Hermon Slade has been nominated by Mr Ronald Kerr, supported by Mr Gerald McCraith and Dr William R. Rigg. Mr Slade was a founding member of the Orchid Society of NSW. Also founding editor of the Australian Orchid Review. His interest in species orchids resulted in many fine articles in AOR which greatly increased increased general interest in growing them. His interest in Papua New Guinea Orchids is immense and has been very influencial. He founded the New Guinea Biological Foundation for the purpose of introducing new food crops into that country and improving village culture. A secondary objective was to aid the conservation of New Guinea orchids. He was a co-founder of the AOF and has supported it strongly financially. Mr Slade now lives in Vanuatu and was for some years in New Guinea. He has been a patron of botanists visiting Australia, New Guinea and Vanuatu, assisting them in many practical ways. Recently he donated half a million dollars towards the building of a glass- house complex in Sydney Botanical Gardens which will be one of the finest glasshouse complexes in the world. The third nominee is Mr Gerald McCraith, founding and still Director of the Australian Orchid Foundation. Nominator is Mr T. William Paddock, Supported by Mr Frank Slattery and Dr Arthur Parkin. Mr McCraith joined the Victorian Orchid Club in 1931. After returning from the war he joined the VOC com- ADVANCED SEEDLINGS VANDA rothschildiana $5.00 VANDA sanderiana $5.00 26 Gorari Street IMPORTERS OF FINE STOCK NOW AVAILABLE Idalia, Townsville 4810 Phone (077) 78 2472 Foundation News mittee and has been active ever since. He was VOC President 1959-1962. In 1960 he strongly supported the late Sir John Hall Best in forming the AOC, and was its President for five years 1964- 69. During his term he initiated many Australian Orchid of the Year and AOC slide programs and co-ordinated arrange- ments for the Sixth World Orchid Con- procedures, such as the ference in Sydney, 1969. Discussions with Mr Hermon Slade led to the formation of the AOF. Since then many educational, scientific, and re- search projects have been financed by the AOF. A massive one was the trans- lation and publication of Schlechter’s Orchids of German New Guinea. Mr McCraith is a major exhibitor and breeder of orchids and has registered 73 Odontoglossum alliance crosses. The genus Disa has been made popular in Australia by him. After years of trying he was able in 1986 to induce the Postal Department to make an orchid stamp issue @ Eleventh Australian ON el sl(o Mm olniitcaives Teaspoons. A limited issue of the above teaspoons will be available from mid March 1988. These teaspoons carry the Bicentennial and Eleventh Australian Conference logos. These may be obtained from Mr Allan Alvis, 5 Knocklayde Street, Ashfield, NSW 2131. Cost $5.00 each plus $1.25 packaging and postage. FLOWERING SIZE PLANTS RHYNCOSTYLIS gigantea $17.50 AERIDES multiflorum $17.50 DENDROBIUM secundum $15.00 SEND SAE NOW FOR OUR LATEST CATALOGUE Bankcard, Visa and Mastercard Welcome AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 = cw ON = HARDCANE DENDROBIUM _ COMMUNITY POTS — 5 well established seedlings per compot. $10.00 per compot. Den. Zilzie Prince x (Royal Velvet x| _ Kristen Ann) Dark phalaenanthe. D323CP Den. Spellbound ‘Virot’ x canalicue 7 latum, = i _ Den. Gladstone McClintock. Dark. _ Den. (Sari Jane x Michael Sado) x Udomsri Beauty. Dark. Den. Doreen ‘Kamiya’ x Autumn ___ Show. Fine whites and bicolors. Den. Pale Doreen ‘No. 1’ x Pale Doreen ‘Round’. Whites. Den. Doreen ‘Kamiya’ x Paradise Pearl. Bicolors. a] Den. Doreen x Margaret Joan Fell ‘Tetra Feathered’ Ad/QOS. Hoping for mauve feathering on white. — Den. Udomsri Beauty x Thailand ‘No. 1’. Fine dark phalaenanthes. Skyroad door to door freight and packing $8.50 for up to 10 pots. Community pots of| cattleyas, phalaenopsis and oncidiums' also available. Send S.A.E. for listings. | G.A. & B.M. ROBERTSON M.S. 1096 Blackall Range Rd, Nambour Old 4560. Ph (071) 42 1913. : Please phone before visiting. Closed Sundays. | Deb x Hugh) GALLUP & STRIBLING INTERNATIONAL Prestige Through Quality We are offering in limited quantities some of our best Paphiopedilum breeding plants. We also are offering Paphiopedilum flasks Phalaenopsis stems & flasks Write for our free list today. Gallup & Stribling International 3450 Via Real, Carpinteria, CA 93013. 805-684-5456 31 SQUAT POTS Plastic Black or T/C Round 50mm 80mm 100mm 115mm 125mm 140mm 165mm 170mm Sizes Prices on application Plus delivery (pots only) BANKCARD ACCEPTED MAXICROP 5 lite........ $27 PHOSTROGEN Buckets...$39 AUST WIDE DELIVERY (FREE) Orders To: BERRYS NURSERY SUPPLIES P.O. Box 389 Strathpine Q, 4500 (07) 205-5022 Unit 4, Stanton House, Southpine Road, Strathpine Q, 4500 (07) 205-5022 ORCHID BOOKS} Send for free descriptive list of just about 400 currently available Orchid Books . . . sent surface mail anywhere in the world. POST PAID!! TWIN OAKS BOOKS 4343 Causeway Drive; Lowell, Michigan, USA Phone (616) 897 7479 Mastercard and Visa § NEVINS NURSERY Roy & Jacqueline Down (props.) 413 MULGRAVE RD, CAIRNS PHONE (070) 54 1201 CATTLEYAS DENDROBIUMS PHALAENOPSIS SAE FOR LIST 32 AN F.C.C. AWARDED BY THE Q.0.5. For the first time since its inception the Queensland Orchid Society at its November 1987 meeting awarded an F.C.C. to Paphiopedilum ST. SWITHINS ‘Sunnybank’. This is a crossing of Paphiopedilum rothschil- dianum x philippense made by Ratcliffes in England, a remake of a cross that was first registered in 1901. Subsequently two more plants made from this same crossing by Ratcliffes have been awarded H.C.C.’s by the Queensland Orchid Society, and two further A.M.’s from another crossing. The resurgence of growing primary paphiopedilum hybrids is as strong in Brisbane as it is in other parts of the world. Especially popular are multi- flowered crossings, in particular those with Paphiopedilum rothschildianum in the background. Unfortunately they can take many years to reach the mature size needed for flowering, but as we have proven the wait has been worthwhile. The plant was grown in our usual compost of 2 parts medium fir bark, 1 part fine fir bar, 2 parts medium char- coal, and 1 part peanut shell; fertilized with 8 to 9 month osmocote, and a regular spray of wuxul applied. Rod Mackinney AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 IRA BUTLER TROPHY To stimulate and encourage the advancement of Australian Native Orchid Hybrids. This year entries were received from the following Societies and A.N.O.S. Groups: A.N.O.S. SYDNEY: Autumn Show, R. Wheeldon, Den. bigibbum var. compactum x D. Tangerine. Spring Show, R. Wheeldon, Sarc. Weinhart. Sarcanthanae Show, S. Batchelor, Sarc. Melba. A.N.O.S. WARRINGAH: _ Spring Show, T. Carter, Pterostylis Cutie ‘Harold’s Pride’. A.N.O.S. FAR NORTH COAST: Spring Show, D. Lynch, Den. Lynnette Banks. WOLLONGONG & DISTRICT N.O.S.: Spring Show, R. Wheeldon, Sarc. Weinhart. N.O.S.S.A.: Spring Show, Mrs M. Fuller, Den. Bardo Rose ‘Pink Delight’. O.S.N.S.W.: Winter Show, B. J. Fletcher, Den. (Sun Glow x Hilda Poxon) ‘Evelyn’. Spring Show, G. Errington, Sarconopsis Lavinia ‘Dorothy’. NORTH MORETON, Qld. O.S.: Winter Charity Show, M. & J. Rivers Den. Gloucester Sands. ORCHID SOCIETY OF W.A. Winter Show, Mrs L. Rowe, Den. Hilda Poxon. Spring Show, J. Fleming, Den. delicatum. ORCHID CLUB OF S.A.: Winter Show, R. & P. Rankin, Den. Aussie Child. Spring Show, Hills Family, Den. Aussie Bonanza. TASMANIAN O.S.: Spring Show, M. Mitchell, Den. Bardo Rose. Champion Australian Native Orchid Hybrid 1987: Sid Batchelor — Sar- cochilus Melba — This was a beautifully grown plant, presenting several scapes of well presented fresh, crystalline flowers Measuring 32mm across. The overall beauty of this plant demonstrates the perfection that is being sought and accomplished in our native hybrids. OK ROKR Greetings to all associated Societies and Groups. We were pleased to see some newcomers this year with some lovely plants and some new hybrids. Thank you for your participation in our efforts to popularise our Native Orchid Hybrids and so help to preserve our orchid species in the wild. Ruth Rudkin, Hon. Secretary Ira Butler Trophy Committee AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, AUTUMN 1988 ee COMPLETELY AUTOMATIC jayz GLASSHOUSE CONTROL fg GIVES YOU MORE TIME TO ADMIRE YOUR PLANTS ENVIROTROL! Glasshouse Temperature Controller ; = Uses economical domestic heater, cooler and fan to provide year round glasshouse wee temperature control. : , Gao aa ek SHOW DATES VICTORIA Ringwood OS Inc. WINTER Nth Blackbum Square Shopping Centre, Springfield Rd, Nth Blackbum. 9/8 to 13/8. 9am-6pm incl. late night shopping Friday. SPRING. Eastland Shopping Centre, Maroondah H/way, R/wood. Mon 3/10 to Sat 8/10. Open shopping hours, incl late night, Thurs & Fri nights. Mornington Peninsular OS Inc. AUTUMN. ingal High School, Ashleigh Ave, Frankston, 30/4 to 1/5. Sat 9am-Spm. Sun 10am-5pm. Pro- fessional growers stalls, plus club stands. Hamilton Orchid Club. SPRING. 7th October. tails — Secretary: B. Simonds, 78 King Street Hamilton 3300. (055) 72 2639. Melbourne Eastern OS Inc. WNTER. St John’s Parish Centre, Burke Rd, Camberwell. Normal Monthly meeting, Mon 29/8. Featuring Paphio- Pedilum Championship. SPRING. World of Orchids 1988. Mechanics Institute, Drummond St, Oakleigh. Thurs 6/10 to Sun 9/10. 6/10, 7/10, 8/10 9am-9pm. Sun 9/10 9am-Spm. Victorian Orchid Club. WINTER. Parkmore/ Keysborough Shopping Centre. 1 week - July. Shopping hours — late Thurs & Fri nights. SPRING festival. Venue & hours as above. 1 week - July. SPRING SHOW venue to be advised, 3 days 10am-7pm. Midlands OS Inc. SPRING. Bicentennial Spring Orchid Show. Library Hall, Barker St, Castlemaine 3450. 21/10 to 23/10. 2Ist 12-9pm; 22nd 10am- 9pm; 23rd 10am-4.30pm. SOUTH AUSTRALIA Northern & Eastern Districts OS. WINTER. St Philips Parish Hall, Galway Avenue, Broadview, SA 5083. Fri 22/7 to Sat 23/7 10am-7pm. SPRING. Same venue. Thurs 1/9 to Sat 3/9, 10am- 8pm. Orchid Club of S.A. AUTUMN. Catholic Hall, Portrush Rd, St Georges, SA. 28/5 to 29/5. 10am- 4pm — traditional table, Devonshire tea. WINTER. St Peters Town Hall, Payvenham Rd St Peters, SA. 9/7 to 10/7, 10am-4pm — traditional table, Devonshire tea. SPRING. Spring Show in Con- junction with Royal Agricultural & Horticultural Society of SA Show, Showgrounds, Wayville. 2/9 to 10/9. 9am to 9pm & 10am to 6pm on 4/9 — traditional table, potting demonstrations $1,000 prize for grand champion. The S.A. Orchidaceous Society Inc. AUTUMN. Royal Deaf Society Hall, 262 South Tce, Adelaide. 8pm to 10.30pm. WINTER Thebarton Community Hall, cnr South & George St, Thebarton. 30/7 to 31/7. Sat 10am-6pm Sun 10am-Spm. SPRING. Westfield Shoppingtown, Tea Tree Plaza Shopping Centre, Mobury. 5/9 to 10/9 9am to 5.30pm. Thurs till 9pm. Whyalla Orchid Club AUTUMN. Westland Shopping Centre, Whyalla SA. 27/7 to 30/7. 8.30 am to 5.00 pm. Thurs & Fri till 9pm. WINTER. Whyalla Agricultural Show, Jubilee Park Show- ground, Whyalla. 20/8 to 21/8, 9am-10pm. Non members of W.O.C. may exhibit nominations to be lodged with the society before 18/8. SPRING. Westland Shojpping Centre, Whyalla, 24/9 to 1/10. 8.30am-Spm Thurs & Fri till 9pm. TASMANIA Tasmanian OS Inc. AUTUMN. Westpac Bank, 38 Elizabeth St, Hobart. 24/5 to 27/5 10am-4pm. SPRING. Town Hall, Macquarie St Hobart. 30/9 to 2/10. Fri lpm-9pm, Sat 9am-9pm, Sun 9am- Spm. Orchid Society of North Western Tasmania. SPRING. Civic Centre, Burnie, 7/10 to 9/10. 10am-9pm. Judging Fri morning, 7/10. Launceston OS Inc. SPRING. Windmill Hill Memorial Hall, High St, Launceston. Fri 30/9 to Sun 2/10 — Fri 2pm-9pm, Sat 10am-9pm, Sun 10am-5pm. NORTHERN TERRITORY Nightcliff Os Inc. AUTUMN. Royal North Australian Show, Darwin Show Grounds. 21/7 to 23/7. WINTER. Darwin Garden Show. Darwin Botanical Gardens 4/8 to 7/8. WONDABAH ORCHIDS PTY LTD An orchid for all seasons. Although spring is the main flowering, Miltonopsis flower all year. Very highly coloured, and Tewarding to grow. Like to be kept Cool in summer, protected in winter, Nov-April 5 days a week 9-5 Weekends by arrangement scoccec CoCo OOo ooo CCC COCO CCC CCC OCC CCC CCC CCC CoCo 724 PENNANT HILLS ROAD, CARLINGFORD, NSW 2118 PHONE: (02) 872 2959 Milt. Snohomish ‘Nada’ Our Autumn/Winter catalogue for 1988 will be available late April. All mailing lists will be sent middle April. Our listings for Autumn/Winter will be superb and we look forward to welcoming you to Wondabah. NURSERY HOURS May only 6 days a week Wondawest Orchids 1 1 Marshall Road, Caversham Has a complete range of stock and as our WA agent looks forward to your visit. All needs for the orchid grower incl. compost, pots, plastic and T.C. bark, fertilizers, hangers, stakes, charcoal available at Wondabah. CCOCCCOOOSOCCOO PFOSOOOO OOOO OOOCOOOOOOSOOOOOOOO ne ee eeeseeeeesesecesecnsesoscocsas (tn ee ee ee eee AH: (02) 484 6335 We have good stock available of many crosses, as well as all our other Genera of orchids available as seedlings all year round. Our stock includes all Bob Deane’s Orchids, with good numbers of many crosses, and we are very happy with the growth this year of all orchids. June till October 31 7 days a week 9-5 20 8 2 2 2 0 oo oe PIII 000005600000 00000 0020580600060000602606 305 BULYARA ERECTION: (#6 Fie Sete Septventer. 4 = Wow Bangg TY SPOS sheet tem Septoms, 0 Ps Peer no eae Paaang YAULEY Onciaos austmalia ye The catalogue that's read inover 40 countries! Valley Orchidsnew32 page full colour 1988 Cymbidium catalogue. This is more than just a catalogue. It is the most comprehensive listing of modern Cymbidiums available. Plants are categorized for cut-flower, pot plant, exhibition and stud use. Sizes from in flask to flowering are offered. Prices for one plant to 10,000 plants are set to excite and attract everyone from the beginner to the largest commercial growers and freight is free for flasks and small plants. This catalogue also includes information on plant classification, a glossary of orchid terms and award abbreviations. There is even a list of new orchid names selected from over 400 new names granted to Valley Orchids by the international registration authority over the last 10 years Valley Orchids new 1988 catalogue is essential reading for anyone who is interested in Cymbidiums. Send for your free copy. VALLEY ORCHIDS PIMPALAROAD MORPHETT VALE 5162 SOUTH AUSTRALIA Phone:(08) 318 2609 International:(618) 381 2609 Telex:TELCOM AA88765 (User No 014) Facsimile:(618)384 8791 —— ee — Please send me yournew. +I | 1988 Cymbidium catalogue | Name | Address $ 95 : RRP. ues : - air e. Registered by Australia Post Publication No. NBH 0770 << | S ( a | e 1) ro v. — WINTER 1988 WHITE 8618 86541 86582 * 86626 * 86628 * 86634 yr Phal. Orchid World 'Bonnie Vasquez' AM/AOS - Silver/JOGA - Gold/12th WOC 86576 86585 * 86625 * 86632 PINK 86536 86538 86539 86543 86558 86562 86600 - : * 86615 Phal. Zuma Winter White * 86622 'Maria Vasquez! ; * 86629 STRIPED 8624 8642 86546 8603 8605 8606 8649 Phal. Bonnie Vasquez 8658 ‘Zuma Valley! FCC/AOS 86529 86553 * 86633 SPOTTED 8631 8651 86531 86532 86588 * 86609 * 86614 * 86624 Phaly ZumaliRedl Eye "Bonnie Vasquez! AM/AOS staan 86530 86540 Phal. Carmela's Gem ‘Zuma Canyon! FLASKS READY FOR JUNE, 1988 Margo 'Zuma Canyon! X Buena Flora 'Suzanne! AM/AOS Dtps. Orglade's Puff 'Samuel Loeb! X (Malibu Carnival X Kauai Monarch) #1 (Dtps. Double Trouble X Dtps. Orglade's Blonde Belle) X Aubrac 'Q603! Florida Snow 'Frank's Choice! X Spitzberg 'Krull-Smith! Florida Snow 'Frank's Choice! X (Donna Rigg X Jimmy Hall) Florida Snow 'Frank's Choice! X Chamonix 'Ponkan's Big White! WHITE/RED LIP Quintana Roo Dunne 'Alice' X (Dtps. Alice Loeb X Phal. Zuma Firefly) ‘Poco Loco! Dtps. Festivity 'B' X Glad Melinda 'Poco Loco! (miniature) Bright Lights 'Vegas'! X Line Renaud 'B-32! (Malibu Felicity X Malibu Lipstick) X Donna Sitton AM/AOS Melinda Nan ‘Capitola! X Scaramouche 'Galaxie' AM/RHS (Pastel pinks, spots) Spring Silk 'Tropical Pink! X Tungku Afzan '2nd Best! AM/AOS (Medium pink, red lip) Herbert Hager 'Sal Loeb' X Tungku Afzan '2nd Best! AM/AOS Spring Silk 'Tropical Pink' X Rosy Flora 'Poco Loco! Zuma Champion 'Home National! X Joline 'Lisa! Enchantress 'Rusk' X Lippegruss ‘Rusk! Abendrot 'Krull-Smith' X Abendrot 'Fantastic' AM/AOS LIPPEGRUSS (Lippstadt 'Rosy! X Abendrot 'Fantastic! AM/AOS) In the Pink 'Sunnybrook' X Joyau ‘Suzanne! Zauberrose 'Drull-Smith' X Line Renaud 'Krull-Smith! (Pink, red lip) Zuma Happiness 'Zuma Canyon! AM/AOS X Dtps. Orglade's Party Magic ‘Zuma Canyon! Chickasaw 'Zuma Canyon! X (Proud America X Eva Kruze) 'Zuma Canyon! Zuma Chorus ‘Zuma Valley! HCC/AOS X Tungku Afzan 'Poco Perfection! % YELLOW - GREEN venosa ‘Zuma Creek! X Mary Vance 'Zuma Canyon! Heart Beat 'Zumita! X venosa ‘Zuma Canyon! Zuma Winter White 'Zuma Valley' X George Vasquez 'Green Meadow! AM/AOS Goldiana "Zuma Canyon! AM/AOS X Pretty Cute 'Zuma Canyon! Goldiana 'Zuma' HCC/AOS X Abendrot 'Zuma Royal! (yellow-gola) Miami Sunrise ‘Lemon Drop! X Pinwheel ! Poco Loco! HCC/AOS (yellow Stripe) stuartiana 'Sal's Choice! X Miami Sunrise 'Sunny Skies! (yellow novelty) Florida Snow 'Frank's Choice’ X Hausermann's Gold Cup 'Everlasting! (yellow-green) Samba 'Zuma Canyon! X (Scherzo X Joline) 'Zuma Bonita! Carnival 'Bonsall'! AM/AOS X Summa ‘Zuma Canyon! HCC/AOS Charisma 'Pinkie' X Glad Melinda 'Poco Loco! (miniature) Cassandra 'Santa Cruz! X stuartiana 'Sal's Choice! (miniature) Dtps. Alice Loeb 'Alice! X Phal. Scaramouche 'Galaxie' AM/RHS Elise de Valec #4 X Coquinette 'Krull-Smith' Cassandra 'Woody! X Capeline 'Krull-Smith' (miniature) Be Glad X Elise de Valec 'The King! (miniature) stuartiana ‘Larkin Valley' AM/AOS X schillerana 'Poco Loco! (spots) Zuma Chorus 'Zuma Valley! HCC/AOS X Scaramouche 'Galaxie' AM/RHS (miniature - spots, stripes) ; ALL PLANTS ARE FROM ZUMA CANYON ORCHIDS CALIFORNIA U.S.A. The above listing is for seedlings taken from Flasks 6 months ago & all are in good growing condition with new roots established. Price for each Plant is $4.50 except plants marked with asterisk being $5.50 each plus freight. Write for our 1988 Colour Catalogue containing our latest Flask & Mother Flask Listings. Boicoy Bay Cabed, P.O. BOX 236, SANS SOUCI, SYDNEY, N.S.W. 2219 Tel: (02) 522 9623 or (048) 61 4454 WHERE PARENTAGE COUNTS @ CYMBIDIUMS @ PHALAENOPSIS @ ONCIDIUMS M FLASKS MHICOMMUNITY POTS If you are thrilled by the excitement of flowering today’s beautiful modern hybrid seedlings then our listing is for you. MAILING LIST If you are not on our mailing list write now LABORATORY SERVICE Please note revised rates apply as of January 1988. [ WHITE CHRISTMAS X DORAMA ] X ALVIN BRYANT ARCADIAN MEDODY’ ‘Sovereign’ Nursery, 22 Cook Street, Kurnell, NSW, Australia 2231 : : : (near Sydney International Airport) This free flowering clear yellow June flowering Telephone: (02) 668 9374. International (612) 668 9374 7 tetraploid s one of our seas arf __Nursery open Friday (all day), Saturday morning. erhaps you are iefeoe SUBS CU IES SATUS NTERSTATE AND OVERSEAS VISITORS WELCOME ANYTIME. this season. ustralian Orchid Revie Volume 53 — No. 2)°xajional sencariuMWINTER 1988 OF VICTORIA q Contents ARTICLES hy LIBRARY Orchid Hy bridising and LycasteDevelopment. Fredand Doris Alcom .. 4 Phalaenopsis Culture: flower induction. Bob Gordon ................ 9 NN SEMAN TRESTLE TTR Ss Shon oanSuonanonbonaeaeass 16 Paphiopedilums — The Subgenus Cochlopetalum R. D. Kramer ..... 19 OrchidfExpod88 Emartere Se: ivanets HL ey eee ean ROE Pye a) 26 11th Australian Orchid Conference Sydney ...................000- 31 4 thaw orldiOrchidiGonference erent errr tren ann nan ants none 35 Cover Story Faphiopedilum primulinum. The most Istinctive, because of its colour, of the Orchid Societies — Qld, Vic. Sub-genus Cochlopelatum. Discovered y Liem Khe Wie on Gunung Leuser Mount Leuser) in 1972. € plant was grown by the author, REGULAR FEATURES oger Kramer and phot soal 15 Leis (ne VOM 5 conanpevdbopbousecdvconbeuqoouussauensous 33 Salvador Costelo. De eins Suomi ocee so pipanuno dhgvouage s807 sa odo wad aimeenabae ye nyt "0 _ UYELS {GIG Reve stron ar sci feito A oer PT Rises c PPR PT CeeTe pot ees Ad vertiserss ndexwe ye) eta ec ck eed pease ere tines as Aa meee Bet nay ayer r i % b AUSTRALIAN OR CHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 3 =e 1 | . a 1 on SP Te c mn a ee } | 4] 4 i we { HONORARY EDITOR: David R. Wallace EDITORIAL COMMITTEE: G. Hansen, A.B. Porter, D. R. Wallace, A. Merriman. ADDRESS EDITORIAL TO: The Editor, Australian Orchid Review, 14 McGill Street, Lewisham NSW _ 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166. EDITORIAL ASSOCIATES: QUEENSLAND: Mr Frank Oelkers, 419 Robinson Road, Beebung 4034. NORTH QUEENSLAND: Mr Ray Robinson, P.O. Box 129, Townsville 4810. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: MrS. A. Monkhouse, P.O. Box 1 O’Halloran Hill 5155. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mr Rob Manning, 16 Cromer Road, Brentwood, Perth, 6153. TASMANIA: Mr Nicholas, 7 Kelvin Avenue, Moonah 7009. INTERNATIONAL: Mr G. H. Slade, Box 797 Vila. Vanuatu The Official Publication of the Orchid Society of New South Wales, Queensland Orchid Society, Victorian Orchid Club, Orchid Club of South Australia, Orchid Society of Western Australia, Tasmanian Orchid Society. Subscriptions: All overseas orders must be paid for in US dollars. In Australia: one year $A22, two years $A39 Asia/NZ air mail: one year US$28, two years US$50. Other Countries air mail: One year US$35, two years US$58. Surface mail anywhere overseas: one year US$23, two years US$40. TO JOIN AN ORCHID SOCIETY contact these secretaries: NSW: Miss B. Oldfield, 61 Mountford Avenue, Guildford 2161. Phone: (02) 6325712. QUEENSLAND: Mrs Noela Parsons, G.P.O. Box 2002 Brisbane 4001. Phone: (07) 273 1127. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. Phone: (03) 580 4917. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Mr Glen Heylen, Box 730 G.P.O. Adelaide 5001. Phone: (08) 44 4255. WEST AUSTRALIA: Mrs L. Manning, P.O. Box 1122, Booragoon, 6153. Phone: (09) 364 7968. TASMANIA: Mr J. F. Smith, 11 Warren Court, Howrah 7018. Phone: (002) 44 1555. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Honorary Secretary, P.O. Box 38493, Winnellie 5789. Phone: (089) 32 1977. Published and printed by GRAPHIC WORLD PTY LTD. 14 Mc Gill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166 Fax: (02) 560 6677 While the Proprietors of the Australian Orchid Review endeavour to assure the reliability of advertising and editorial, neither the Proprietors of the “Australian Orchid Review” nor the Editor and the affiliated Orchid Societies can assume responsibility for the advice or transaction between advertisers and readers. 4 Orchid Hybridising and Lycaste Development Fred and Doris Alcorn Having accepted an invitation to give a talk for the World Orchid Symposium held at Hiroshima, Japan, last year on the Subject “Orchids In Future” I decided that hybridising held the key to development of orchids in the future. The Symposium was held on the last three days of the 12th World Orchid Conference so that many of the world authorities could attend thus giving the Chairman of the W.O.C., Dr David H. Brown (USA), Chairman of RHS Orchid Committee, Hon. Alasdair Morrison (Great Britain) as well as other distinguished guests, the opportunity of representing the World Council at the World Orchid Symposium. We were given a civic reception by the Mayor of Hiroshima City, Mr Takeshi Araki. The first two days were given to lectures by scientists, commercial growers or amateur enthusiasts. The third day we visited Hiroshima Botanic Gardens where further words of welcome were extended. Our congratu- lations to Dr Tanaka and Dr Kondo for the successful management of the Symposium! As an established hybridiser of some years experience and after making over 130 Lycaste crosses I have proved that the most important factor of hybridising is dominant parents — be it animal or plant. When I began experimenting with pollination I had little or no information of any potential Lycaste clones. After years of trial and error I found Lyc. Koolena or Lyc. Macamaclones crossed with an ordinary hybrid or species proved to have the dominant influence on breeding. When returning to species for new genes in your pool, endeavour to get the best possible as I have found a great variation in many species. After flowering a few, select the best for your programme of line breeding; pro- gress is slow as it takes five years from pollination to flowering and this requires patience and perseverence. Although a cross is successful it does not mean you can use parents of the same name and gain similar results. Each parent has a certain quality that has blended to make the success. The Lyc. Koolena cross was the beginning of our progress in hybridising, then followed by the famous Lyc. Macama cross. The Lyc. Macama cross which has proved so outstanding has produced many shades of pink to dark reds such as ‘Jocelyn’ A.M. AOC-NSW, ‘Doris May’ HCC AOC-NSW, ‘Princess’ HCC NSW, ‘Carline’, ‘Radiance’, ‘Yvonne’ and others. The Lyc. Koolenas and Lye. Macamas have also gained awards and many championships. I believe these two crosses to be the best made so far in Australia — a few have proved excellent parents. Several other crosses have shown great promise such as Lyc. Wyuna, Lyc. Kawana, Lyc. Gyra, Lye. Cooma, Lyc. Karina and Lyc. Sunset — just to name a few. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 | ] | | - Lye. Karina ‘Tracy’. We have used the following species — Lye. _aromatica, Lyc cruenta, Lyc denningiana, L ye. deppei. Lyc. dowina, vc. lanipes, Lye. locusta, Lye. macro- Dhylla, Lye. xanthochiela (a sub species of macrophylla). Whilst these have smaller flowers and flower freely, many retain their perfume and this is an added attraction in the sale of orchid pot plants. It is good to have now reached the stage where we can look forward to stabilising some of the desired qualities in hybri- dising such as broadening the sepals, Producing new colours, endeavouring to reduce _the furling of the petals and Reese the number of flowers per ma By accomplishing this we will have nae ae has been achieved over the i, 0 years with Cymbidiums, alaenopsis, Paphiopedilum etc. In Studying the species you will observe that Tere have the open petals, hence I use : ne Open petal type’ whilst others a as Lye. skinneri folded petals. : Owever, I intend to continue breeding oth types as there is an obvious attraction to both. Many of ourjudges are NOW appreciating the ‘open petal type’. AS one looks at Lycaste skinneri Queen of the Genus” it is easy to see why this species has set the standard of ae and form for the most modern fuentes Few hybrids reach the perfec- On of size, form and colour of this species and it was these qualities which dictated the path followed by the hybridisers from the earlier period. Certainly the finest varieties of the future will be ones raised from seed using selected parents with Lyc. skinneri. We are indebted to the late Sir William Cooke and his daughter, Mrs Betty Cooke Garton of Wyld Court Orchids, England in the early development and progress of the genus Lycaste. Since then McBeans of England, in the 1950s made the famous Lyc. Auburn cross which has proved to be the foundation of many outstanding crosses. Paul Gripp of Santa Barbara Orchids (USA) and Marie and James Riopelle of Portland (USA) have made great progress especially with Lyc. skinneri and other crosses. We in Australia were fortunate with our first Lyc. Koolena cross (Lyc. Auburn x Lyc. skinneri) as this produced many beautiful pinks and reds. This cross was first made by late John Ezzy and repeated by the late Leo Giles; then followed Lyc. Shoalhaven made by John Apperley. The late Athol Bell was a firm believer in sibling crosses and made many crosses using mainly Lye. Koolenas and Lyc. Shoalhavens; he made the Lyc. John Ezzy cross (Lyc. Shoal- haven X Lyc. Koolena) in memory of his great friend. During 1970 I made a Lyc. Macama cross (Lyc.Koolena x Lyc. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 Growing Point Nursery 12 Ala Moana Rd, Kurrajoing E N.S.W. 2758 Telephone (045) 73 1857 Nowis the time to come and see US. We have Picnic Facilities, beautiful country and Orchids Mini & Inter Cymbids many multi-spiked. Mericlones and seedlings. CATTLEYAS incl:- Hazel Boyds BLC. Toshie Aoki “Robin” LC. Little Suzie and others. Soft canes, native hybrids, Odds and Ends of stuff we've divided up. Stanhopea Mazxillaria — Phalaenopsis. Milt. Vexillaria ‘Lamber- fauianum” & Bert. Field ‘Ono’ now available in 2” $8.50 S.AE. for list. Freight Aust. Post or Skyroad. 5 Kg = $9.00. Money with order. We’re 20 mins from Windsor, Love to see you. Please telephone before visiting. Tannery Lane, Mandurang, Vic, 3551 (8 km from Bendigo) Telephone (054) 39 5273 Open 9am to 5pm Wednesday to Sunday WINTER FLOWERING CYMBIDIUMS Cymbidium Clones $10 each or 4 for $35 Plus $8 Freight by Skyroad Luana ‘Imperial’ Very large peach blooms on long spikes in May Cym. Luana ‘Pink Champagne’ Very long spikes of large soft pink blooms in May. Cym. Zulu Tall spikes of bright rich red standard blooms in June. Cym. Play Misty ‘Perfection’ April flowering pink miniature with red lip and sweet perfume. PRICE LISTS AVAILABLE eee Lakeside EXPERIENCED NORTHERN TERRITORY GROWERS OF LOWLAND TROPICAL ORCHIDS. Intermediate Dendrobiums, JVB Vandas and vandaceous topcuts are our speciality. Send S.A.E. for price list. Location: Lot 31 Nottage Road, Bees Creek (34 km from Darwin on sealed roads). Postal Address: P.O. Box 39422, Winnellie, N.T. 5789. (5) Wweicomenere Telephone (089) 88 1004 Proprietors: Lloyd & Win Kent Sunrise) — these hybrids have won many awards and championships and are known world wide. Listed hereunder are a few of the hybrids registered over the last 10 years: Lyc. Macama — Lyc. Koolena ‘May’ HCC X ‘Sunrise Ena’. This cross gained the “Quality Award’ — 12 seedlings from the same pod. Lyc. Wyuna — (Lyc. Macama ‘Doris May’ HCC X Mathiasiae). We only had 18 seedlings all pale green with a pink flush, on long stems, all stand erect, strong in texture and open petals. Lyc Gyra — (Lyc. Koolena ‘May’ HCC X Lyc. Jason). Various colours, AF EW MACAMAS Lyc. Cooma *May’ many good reds with pure red lips. A number of these flowered early May. Have won championships. Lye. Cooma (Lyc. Aquila ‘Gem’ X Lyc. xanthochiela sub-species macro- phylla). Yellow with small brown spots, heavy texture, good stems and long lasting. Lyc. Karina — Lyc. Macama ‘Doris May’ HCC X Lye. Shoalhaven). First cross made by Robert Bell. I gave him the pollen and have since repeated this cross. Near white to pinks, good shape and texture. Best one Lyc. Karina ‘Tracy’. Lyc Macama — (Lyc. Koolena ‘Elva’ HCC X Lye. Sunrise ‘Ena’). This is a Macama Orchids Seedlings available from our famous parents. Lycaste can be grown in shadehouse. Lists Available S.A.E. 169 PENNANT HILLS ROAD, CARLINGFORD, NSW. AUSTRALIA 2118. TEL (02) 630 1904. INTERESTATE VISITORS WELCOME PLEASE PHONE repeat of Macama cross using a different Lye. Koolena. First flowering. Whites to pinks, good quality. Looking forward to next flowering. Lye. Kiama — (Lyc Macama ‘Doris May HCC X Lyc. Koolena ‘May’ HCC). Near whites to pinks some good flowers. One of these won the Champion- ship at the last New Zealand Conference Show. Lyc. Sunset — New cross Lyc. John Ezzy SM 10th W.O.C. x Lyc. Koolena ‘Sunset’ SM. Pinks to dark reds, some very good flowers. We have introduced species and second cross species genes into our pool and have followed up with a dominant Lyc. Koolena or Lyc. Macama parent. These should prove interesting and we look forward to the results. A few of the best parents from overseas, including the famous Lyc. Wyld Court ‘Sir William Cooke’, have been blended with some of our Lyc.Koolenas and Lyc. Macamas and will also be worth watching! Hybridising is the key to the future! For those enthusiasts who will look ahead can build on the ideas and achievements of those who have gone before @ Macama Orchids 169 Pennant Hills Road Carlingford, NSW 2118. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 MERRELLEN ORCHIDS Ted & Barbara Gregory Specialist breeders of cool growing Aust Natives and Hybrids. Send 37¢ stamp for our 88-89 list. Mail orders our specialty. 181 Oxenford Road, Tamborine Heights, Qld 4271. px: (075) 45 1576 ORCHID LABORATORY SEED FLASKING Exotics and Australian Natives REPLATING (We also accept flasks from other sources! MERICLONING All work carried out in our modern tissue culture laboratory under optimum conditions. Send for a free brochure providing tips on seed collection and charges. Small and large orders equally welcome Flora Propagation Laboratories 18 Mundy St., Mentone, Melbourne Vic. 3194 (03) 584 2087 Lyc. Macama ‘Pertection’. “The Orchid Centre of Australia” Bic. Toshie Aoki — one the m iki ibiti i , ost striking exhibition cattleyas available Shey We introduce three quality mericlones and the next panericn of aid Loshig Aoki ‘Pizazz’ AM/AOS (100mm pots, $1 5ea). Shown Photo. lena Oshie Aoki ‘Robin’ HCC/AOS (100mm pots, $15 ea). Large bright BI on yellow with red tips on sepals and petals. in Gonoshle Aoki ‘Blumen Insel’ AM/AOS Imported plants on 3rd growth Str ean Epes $30ea). Large bright yellow with crimson tips and lip. Qual. Ble. Toshie Aoki ‘Pizazz’ AM/AOS X i i i Bic. Toshie Aoki ‘Robin’ areas (atai tubes, $3.50 ea). Large yellow to peach. q ‘pe Blumen Insel ‘Jack Queen Aoki’ AM/AOS x Bic. Toshie Aoki Bic. Toshie Aoki ‘Pizazz’ zee AM/AOS (50mm tubes, $3.50 ea). Large gold and sunset 22; ANUBOS H Comalworth ‘Orchidglade’ FCC/AOS x Blc. Toshie Aoki ‘Robin’ 5 S (50mm tubes, $3.50 ea). Large bright yellow. AN/ageden Embers ‘Chris’ AM/AOS X Blc. Toshie Aoki ‘Pizazz’ BI (50mm tubes, $3.50ea). Large yellow to orange. Hee Cadmium Light ‘Sweet Lime’ AM/AOS x Blc. Toshie Aoki ‘Robin’ C/AOS (50mm tubes, $3.50ea). Large yellow to chartreuse. i j Sniiien fan 2am 2.85, telefon! P=" AWACS ——Bsbane, 4506, PHONE (07) 808 2607 tubes, S856 a ate Ay Sate Ne epee UU ates Pe stay Nursery Hours: Mon. to Sat, 8am-5pm. tubes. poaece SRO aca lcarostile Aoki ‘Pizazz’ AM/AOS (50mm Closed Sundays. SPECIAL OFFER The above collection of 11 plants sent FREIGHT FREE for $80 (other FULL AUTUMN LISTING AVAIL ABTS ae a Ree oste 0 = ORDERS over $100 are DESPATCHED FREIGHT FREE ANYWHERE IN PREMIER SELECTION and IMPORTED PLANT LISTINGS issued regularly (posted FREE on request). kee BURLEIGH PARK ORCHID NURSERY — growers and propogators of FINE ORCHID SPECIES We're getting ready for SPRING — youcan too by writing NOW for your FREE lists of flasks, compots, seedlings and flowering size SPECIES. Healthy nursery raised 2” pots $3.50; 3” pots $8.50; 4” pots some N.F.S./F.S. $12.50 — $14.50 and flowering size at reasonable prices. (Fl/size Cattleya forbesii $12.50) lots to choose from. Some of our stock: 2” pot Laelia perrinii, purpurata “Carnea”, xanthina; Miltonia spectabile; Phal. schilleriana; Dend. wassellii, gracilicaule, atroviolaceum, helix, taurinum and lots more. Some of our advanced species: Aeranthes arachnites, reunion isle; Aerangis stylosa; Ang. compactum, comorense, sesquipedale; Ansellia africana, nilotica; Bulb. fritilliflorum, lobbii giant, masdevallaecum, medusae, nasica (N.G.); Catasetum christyianum; Cattleya amethystoglossa, bowringiana “Black Prince” x self dormanniana, dowiana (aurea, rosita, type), elongata, schofieldiana, leopoldii, harrisoneae, maxima, mossiae, schilleriana, skinnerii (purple & alba), trianae, warnerii; Coelogyne miniata; Dend. atroviolaceum, albosanguineum, griffithianum, rigidum, taurinum, tofftii; Dendrochilum filiforme “Golden Chain’; Epi. . cochleatum, stamfordianum, stenopetalum; Eulophidium ledenii (Africa); Grammangis stapelliflora; Jumella major (Madagascar); Laelia acuminata, gloedeniana, purpurata, tenebrosa; Oeoniella polystachys (Madagascan); Oncid. maculatum, urophyllum; Phal. amboinense, violacea; Paph. venustum “Pardinum”; Sobennikoffia humbertiana (Madagascar) plus lots more at reasonable prices. COMMUNITY POTS: Established ready for repotting, for leisure, pleasure and perhaps alittle profit at about$1 perseedling. Ask for FREE list. Dend. cruentum x formosum “Giganteum”, taurinum; Cattleya dowiana, guttata, leopoldii, schilleriana, nobilior, Galeandra claesiana; Grammatophyllums; Laelias. FLASKS: MINI FLASKS: Replating now: 35 seedling flask from $18.00; 10 seedling flask from $8.00. Cymbid. canaliculatum “Alba” (green/white) x self; Aeranthes ramosa; Cattleya aclandeae, forbesii “Aurea”, luteola “Andean”; Catasetum scurra; Dends. albosanguineum, capra, lineale “Samarai”, taurinum “Bicolor’; Gramm. elegans; Laelia anceps; Peristeria elata “Panama Dove Orchid”; Renanthera imshootiana; Dend. speciosum x tetragonum “Giganteum”; D. Hilda Poxon Oncid. lanceanum; Sobralia xantholeuca x macrantha. We are propagating Native Species — Write Now for your free lists: Flasks, seedlings, compots, flowering size species. FLASKING MEDIA G & B mother and replate medias 1 litre packs and 1Ib packs. It works — simply. 1419 ROSS RIVER ROAD, KELSO, THURINGOWA. QLD. 4815. PHONE: (077) 74 0008 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 PHALAENOPSIS CULTURE: flower Tare lUreireyal Bob Gordon ane following article is condensed from a section in a new book edited by ob Gordon, Phalaenopsis Culture: A Survey. The material is based on responses received from 150 of the world’s best phalaenopsis growers. ABOUT PHALAENOPSIS FLOWER INDUCTION AND THE SURVEY _What special steps do you take to Induce flowering? I don’t think I can improve on E. (Woody) Carlson’s response to this question. There is 35 years of astute phal watching. Hugo Freed has more words of wisdom. Most growers make no deliberate attempt to control flowering. There is a lot to be said for not tinkering with nature, but knowing how is a handy tool. Items from the menu for international flower induction include: (1) lower the night minimum temperature; (2) raise the light; (3) lower the humidity and reduce watering; (4) feed Epsom salts (mag- nesium sulfate); (5) feed high phos- phorus; (6) feed less (or no) nitrogen; (7) increase air circulation; (8) under arti- ficial lighting, shorten the day; or (9) do nothing. i Mm a little puzzled by the comments of Ob Dadd and other British growers who Say their problem is not getting phals to spike, but is in keeping them from spiking yea round. Their green-house tempera- see rence appear to be the same as i Where; their daylengths vary more i n the warmer latitudes ranging from nger summer days to shorter winter ays . . . no clues there; maybe it’s the water. Ideas, anyone? eee the phals don’t dare disappoint eir Owners; the Brits have got to be the ; aelemonngest people on earth... as I aa am the 3 years I lived there in the F y 50s. I think that’s where my affec- a of flowers came’ from.) i oe under (8) above on the menu of ain Anducing flower spiking that the a Se light growers shorten the plant’s sas induce spiking. That sounds like a ment that the phals under lights are areeenodic or that they respond to an ae q Icial autumn by spiking. I’ve heard sae reliable sources say that, but I’ve e €T seen evidence to support the idea. athe it be that phals grown under sae lights respond to a different . Onal signal? Maybe the primitive ™ms from which the phals sprang were ‘indigenous to more temperate latitudes where greater daylength swings signal the changes of the season and of flowering times at a time when more ultraviolet light was reaching the earth... and the phals under lights ‘remember’? Or are they responsive to a reduced total daily exposure to ultraviolet radiation to which they may have become accustomed under artificial lighting? Information regarding these questions would be of considerable interest to phal growers in the temperate zones and would be welcomed for inclusion in future revisions of this book... or, ’m soe Mooroolbark Orchids Mainly Masdevallia Cool growing little dazzlers New release in 142” pots @ $7.50 ea. New releases to enrich your collection of species & hybrids within this fascinating genus. Masd. notosiberica . . . species. veitchiana x gilbertoi. veitchiana x wurdackii. coccinea alba x ‘““Angelfrost”. veitchiana x ayabacana.. . . “Urubamba”. welischii x veitchiana. veitchiana x caudata. . . “Kimballiana”. In addition we have produced these exciting seedlings for future release .. . Masd. caesia (deorsa) outcross. burfordiense (picea) selfing of big red. tovarensis outcross of two superb shapes. floribunda selfing of spotted cream. “Angelfrost’”’ x coccinea red. chaparensis x coccinea alba. Dracula sodiroi x Masd. veitchiana. Masd. veitchiana x Dracula severa. All these & others e.g. mendozae, strobelii, ignea, will be ready during our 88/89 season please send stamp for currentlisting, including limited flask release. 6 BELLARA DRIVE MOOROOLBARK VIC 3138 Phone (03) 726 0060 MELWAYS MAP 37 E9 We attend Friday, Saturday & Sunday. Other times by arrangement, as we are sometimes absent without notice. We strongly advise ‘phoning ahead of your visit. TOM HENRY PTY LTD ORCHID SPECIALISTS CYMBIDIUMS CATTLEYAS PAPHIOPEDILUMS STANDARD CYM. SEEDLINGS IN 6” POTS — SUBSTANTIAL PLANTS Allegria ‘St Lita’ x Terama ‘Red’ — July Pinks Precious Pink x Terama ‘No 9’ Aug/Sept Pinks/reds Warona ‘Apricot’ x Rose Armstrong ‘Patricia’ June yellows — some pure colours. Rosarita ‘Midnight’ AM x Terama No 9 Reds/pinks — Aug. Sept. (Winter Fair x Doreen Darwin ‘Cream’) x Rose Armstrong ‘Patricia’ June whites/yellows percentage pure colours. @ $10.50 EACH OR THE 5 FOR $50 _ _MINI CYMS. FLOWERING SIZE PLANTS Celtic Imp ‘Caprice’ Green $30 Showgirl ‘Hibhbury’ Showers of pink $35 Mini Dream ‘Golden Showers’ yellow $30 Chocolate Gem ‘Bob Battye’ Redish pink $30 Amesbury ‘Dk Green Extra’ $35 Ulfius ‘Malibu’ light brown $35 AT PRICES SHOW OR THE 6 FOR $185 OUR PLANTS ALSO AVAILABLE FROM Pleasant Park Nursery, Back Cam Rd Somerset Tas Graham Peterson, 53 Hilda St, Cheltenham, Vic. PO Box 71, 25 Ruskin Rowe, Avalon Beach, NSW 2107 Telephone: (02) 918 2504 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 86.8 ye ee a ee hee a ae gy t E 4 g j i 4 Orc fae awn for showbench ; and cut flowers 10 Sheeran Line and Filawen Count can be verified on request WHITE — P. Carmela’s Dream ‘Asia’ x Sah £1 PLT cm) 12 Flower p/s. — P. Paper Moon ‘Asia’ x IP cannes Dream ‘Asia’. (12.0 cm) 11. Flowers p/s, (12.7 cm) 12 Flowers psa F P. Mount Kaala ‘Elegance’ ne (2 Carmela’ Dream ‘Asia’. 12.0 cm) 14 — Flowers p/s; (12.7cm) 12 Flowers p/s P. Mount Kaala ‘Elegance’ X P. Mount Kaala ‘Asia’ No. 1.(12.0 cm) 14 Flowers p/s; (12.2cm) 14 Flowers p/s.) White with Red Lips Dtps. Hamakita Beauty x P. Motnt Kaala ‘Elegance’. (11.6cm) 15 Flowers : p/s; (12.0cm) 14 Flowers p/s. Dtps. Odoriko Nishiizu’ a iP Mount Kaala ‘Elegance’. (11.4 cm); a 2.0 cm) PINK P. New Eagle x Self x Self. (4 4 cm); (Showbench) P. New Eagle X P. Abendrot ‘Chen’. | (11.4 cm); ESIC There are approx: 20 to 30 Plants i in each Flask. _ Price per Flask $25.00 x Sydney Compots $35 — 10 Advanced Plants$20. Sure, publication in any of the orchid periodicals with worldwide distribution. How far in advance of the Desired blooming date do you take these special steps? From 90 to 125 days. Woody Carlson’s program offers a means of adjusting the interval within these general limits. — Bob Gordon SELECTED RESPONSES What special steps do you take to induce flowering? (Mid-Atlantic Coast US) Under arti- ficial lighting... [summer plants outside . leave them out until temps regularly go down into the low 50’s at night. At this time, I provide more light and less water. — M. Bowell (Central California US) In addition to cooling the plants, I ‘dose’ the reluctant spikers with Epsom salts for 3 weeks. — Buchter. (California Coast US) During the months of October and November, I lower my night temperature to 55°F fora period of 2 to 3 weeks to help accelerate the initiation of flower spikes. Relative humidity is lowered to 30-40 per cent during this period and plants are watered less often. Also, note that during this time light intensity is very important. With a light intensity of 1,500 footcandles and over, initiation of flower spikes is decreased. Decreased light intensity of under 1,200 footcandles increases the initiation of new flower spikes. In addition, it is important that the plants have an ample supply of mag- nesium in the form of Epsom salts available to them during this time. This is a very important part of the successful flowering of the Phalaenopsis plants as a low level of magnesium sulfate at this time correlates to poor flower production and the number of flowers per stem. Epsom salts may be applied at a rate of one level teaspoon per gallon of water every 2 weeks. Within 85/95 days thereafter on the average, the first flower on the secondary spike will open. These flowers are some- times smaller than normal as is the case with primary spikes which are allowed to carry too many laterals. Cropping is usually only done once on a spike because, with each additional cropping, the blooms tend to get smaller. Cropping (Second Spikes) Mature Phalaenopsis plants can be flowered once or twice a year, the blooms lasting up to3 months or longer. When the last of these blooms starts to wilt, the flower spike can be cut back to about an inch above the 3rd or 4th node up from the base of the spike. When this is done, one of the lower nodes will initiate a secondary spike within 2 to 3 weeks. Flower Control If flowers are needed at a later date than is likely to occur ona new spike, the top of the spike may be pinched off. This action will force the spike to initiate a secondary. As is the case with older spikes that have been cut, the pinched spike will initiate a new one in 2 to 3 weeks and will produce blooms off the secondary spike in 85/95 days on the average. Although this interval is an average times for the first blooms to open when cropping, temperature control is the key to exact timing. When spikes are either cut or pinched and warm night tempera- tures over 70°F and day temperatures of 85/90°F are maintained, the initiation of secondary spikes will be delayed. Under these conditions it will take 95/120 days for the secondary spike to develop and produce the first bloom. Cool temperatures, however, will accelerate the initiation of secondary spikes from a cut or pinch. Night temperatures of 60/62°F and day tem- peratures of 70-80°F will cause the secondary spike to initiate faster and produce the first blooms in 85/95 days. Of course, along with the correct tem- peratures, a light intensity of 900/1,200 Phalaenopsis Only full range of phalaenopsis crossing Novelty & New Varieties Flask Available AIBC Orchid Corp. (Division of Asia AgriBusiness Corp.) P.O. Box 105-075, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. Telex: 25445 Asia Agri Tel: (02) 834-3226-7 Fax No. 886-2-8349476 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 foot-candles is desireable; good air movement is a must; and a well-balanced feeding and watering program must be maintained. — E. Carlson. (California Bay Area US) Coconut incense, Mozart and Bach arias, Vivaldi oboe concertos. (.. . and I thought I was wierd. ed.) — W. Cecil (Mid-Atlantic Coast US) We drop the minimum night temperature from 70° to 60°F during September to early October. — L. Clouser. (Northeastern US) Under artificial lighting . . . Lower temperature at night below 60°F for about 4 weeks. — I. Cohen. (Indian Coast South Africa) We have not worried about flower induction. We used to allow a chilling period, but have not been very impressed with this — C. & I. Coll. (Southern California US) None. — W Cousinea and others. (South England) Normally no special Steps are needed in England. Plants spike the year round. The problem on mature plants is often to maintain a balance between growth and excessive spiking — R. Dadd (South Australia) I delay heating at the Onset of the cooler nights for 3 weeks in the autumn (March). Flower spikes will Show in April and plants will bloom in July through September, according to light factors. — M. Dennis. (Mid-Atlantic Coast US) I let the plants chill slightly in late September without the use of greenhouse heat at night. This will induce spiking in early types. Not all the white Phalaenopsis hybrids will Tespond to this culture. — R. Drejka. (California Coast US) I talk to the Phals; they love it. Also, Ihave a radio on with soft Music. — W. Eckberg. (Florida Gulf Coast US) Lower night temperature to 55-60°F; shorten day length to 10 hours or less. — J. Eich. (Holland) From mid-May and for 6 weeks, we keep night temperature at 18°C (64°F). This will not hurt the plants or flowers which are still on the plants. “The Dendrobium Orchid Family” ‘ Complete listing of Registered Dendro- lum Hybrids and the species used to produce them. Species — Natural Hybrids — ey, Hybrids & Complex Hybrids listed alphabetically. Trace the parentage of €ndrobium favourites, right. back to the species. Over5400 entries— Easy to read — Cc 2 pages — Hardcanes & Softcanes Ompiled Papenioes to Nov. 87. Com- Rienoed by P. K (Dick) Searle. 1st. Release — 9.00 ($10.00 posted) 10% Reduction for 10 Or more copies. Societies, Nurseries, etc, welcome. Available from:- Peter R. Head P.O. Box 551, Alderley, Qld. 4051 Or Phone (07) 354-1166 for a chat. Plants will flower in August through October. The second spikes come in February and March. — a major com- mercial grower. (California Coast US) We were able to control flowering season of Phalaenopsis by cutting the heat at night down to 50°F for around 5 weeks in July and restoring it to 60-62°F minimum by day. This, coupled with raising the phosphate and potassium levels in the fertilizer and lowering the nitrogen will cause the flowering to begin around the middle of November, slowly at first for Thanks- giving (about November 25), and the balance flowering heavily through December and all the way through to Easter. As any Phalaenopsis grower knows, a new flowering spike can be produced by cutting off the old spike (when through flowering) above the second plump node. I found that on an average a new spike would appear from one of the nodes in 3 to 4 weeks. It would grow rapidly and the first bud would appear in about 30 days and the first flower about 40 days after that. The balance of the flowers would open one at a time about every 4 days. The new spike would carry only about three quarters as many flowers as the original one. We would cut off the old spike around the end of March at which time most or all of the original crop would be through flowering. The new crop gave us loads of flowers from early June through heavy August and September wedding season as well as for the June weddings. However, let me give youa few words of caution: we were located in Malibu (California) only one mile from the ocean with a moderate climate throughout the year. We were favoured by cool ocean breezes, so that we experienced no extremes of temperature. I suggest that those growing in greatly different areas experiment with a few plants in order to adapt to your own climatic conditions. This can be done with heaters or coolers ROCKYVIEW ORCHIDS LOT 14 ANGELA RD M.S.250 ROCKHAMPTON Q 4700 WRITE FOR FREE LISTING OF IMPORTED CATTLEYA MERICLONES YOU WON'T FIND ON OTHER LISTS. ORCHID SPECIAL A&B FERTILISERS Food for all Orchid Snecies Crystalline — fully water soluble — _ especially manufactured for better orchids. Rich in 8 essen- tial mineral trace elements. ORCHID SPECIAL A (Yellow Compound) 11.13.16 Applied at initiation of flower spikes and continued through to the end of flowering. The high phosphorus and potassium and the low nitrogen content stimulates flowering and ensures a better bloom. ORCHID SPECIAL B (Blue Compound) 30.4.8 For established plants, applied at completion of flowering through to initiation of flower spikes. Young and developing orchids should be fed regularly the whole year. The high nitrogen stimulates plant growth and plant vigour. Packed in 500g 3kg and 30kg units. Periodic feeding 15 g in 5 litres of water. Regular feeding 2 g in 5 litres of water. Campbell Orchid Special A & B Fertilisers “just for good orchids” For the name of your local supplier contact: NSW: Canfel (02) 533 3417. Frank Slattery Orchids (02) 50 7985, Lagoon Nursery (02) 982 9849. VIC: Fertool Distributors (03) 793 3844. QLD: Burnell Agencies (07) 394 2211. WA: Nurserymens Supplies (09) 353 2536. SA: Munns (08) 293 2442, Lawlors (08) 43 9636. TAS: Horticultural Supplies (003) 34 1244. NT: Tropigro (089) 84 3200. A product of COLIN CAMPBELL (CHEMICALS) PTY. LTD. 41 Birmingham Street, Alexandria, NSW 2015 Telephone (02) 667 1527 CYMBIDIUM CITY ORCHIDS 25 School Drive, Banksia Park, S.A. 5091 NURSERY OPEN May to October (incl) 10 am to 5 pm Sat/Sun SPECIALISING IN CYMBIDIUMS FROM ACROSS THE TASMAN Write now to be placed on our mailing list. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 Il TAMBORINE MOUNTAIN ORCHIDS 158 Long Road (P.O. Box 4) Eagle Heights. Queensland 4271 Phone (075) 45 1303 CLOSED SUNDAYS The following Cattleya Mericlones are just a few good suggestions from our huge range of Orchids and if you do not have our 1988 Catalogue, send Name and Address plus 37¢ stamp and we will forward by return mail. HB4 SlIc. HAZEL BOYD “SUNSET” Bright yellow with Orange Stripe, Crimson overlay, Red Labellum 4” Pot $25.00 M34 Sic. RUEBEN POST “RAZZLE DAZZLE” Anzac Red Flower, Slightly Ruffled Edge 4” Pot $15.00 M65 Pot. FORTUNE TELLER “GOLDEN MOROCCO” Yellow Orchid with Apricot fringing 4” Pot $15.00 M174 Lc. MEM. LIETENANT BRACEY “RIDGEWAY” Large beautifully shaped Crimson Flared Flower, Cherry Crimson Labellum, Pink Sepals. 4” Pot $15.00 M43 Pot. NAOKAZU “FIREBALL” SM/JOGA Medium size Red, good grower (Large Plants) 5%” Pot $25.00 M74 Le. PRISM PALETTE “RAINBOWS” AM/AOS Mixture of Colour, Red, Pink and Yellow, Good shape (Large Plants) 5%” Pot $25.00 Soficane Dendrobium Flowering time is only a few weeks off, listed below are just a few of the many JAPANESE DENDROBIUMS now offering ata SPECIAL LOW PRICE while stocks last. JAPANESE DENDROBIUM SEEDLINGS 3” POTS — $5.00 each TD.1 PEACE ‘PRESIDENT x SUPER STAR ‘DANDY’ Expecting Exhibition Light to Deep Pinks. TD.2 SHINONOME No. 7 x GOLDEN TALISMAN ‘YAMABUKYI Sunset Tonings expected. TD.4 ANDEMOS ‘MOUNTAIN VIEW’ x SUPER STAR ‘DANDY ’ Pinks to Reds. Should be Well shaped. TD.5 SUPER STAR ‘DANDY’ x PEACE ‘PRESIDENT?’ Expecting Exhibition Light to Deep Pinks. TD.6 HAMBUEHREN ‘GOLD LADY’ x SHINONOME No.7 Autumn colours from this Cross. ALL ABOVE PRICES PLUS FREIGHT OR POSTAGE |(Sjeankcara welcome here AGENTS WYONG ORCHID NURSERIES (OPEN EVERY DAY) Basford Road, Lake Munmorah N.S.W. 2259 Telephone (043) 58 8563 at different times of the year. — H. Freed. (Atlantic Coast US) Dropping green- house temperature in the fall plus cutting the original stem back early enought to induce another spike for later flowering. Keiki paste will also induce flowering. — K. Griffith. (Southeastern US) I like to get the temperature down to the low 50’s as early in the fall as possible for 10 to 14 days. Also, I switch to 10-30-20 fertiliser when spikes begin to appear. — J. Grimes. (Northeastern US) None. I get enought temperature drop naturally in the summertime. — D. Grove. (Southern California US) 55° for 3 weeks. — E. Hetherington. (Midlands of England) BY lowering minimum temperature to the 55/60°F range for around 2 weeks. — P. Hirst. (Florida Caribbean US) Temperatures are dropped by leaving the cool-pad system on longer starting September first. This gives us a heavy crop for Christmas. — W. Kelly. (Southern California US) Heaters are shut off for a month in the fall, but the effectiveness of this practice is question- able, because of the variance of weather conditions. Nature controls blooming more than heating or cooling systems. — T. Koike. 12 (Indonesia) By using Vitabloom instead of Gandasill. — A. Kopopaking. (Holland) Temperature and daylength both influence flowering time. Main flowering time is May-June with flower induction during the low temperatures of March with shortened days. Second flowering time is November with flower induction August-September, again, with shortened days. — H.Kronenberg. (France) A drop in temperature to under 13°C (55°F) each night during 3 weeks. — Marcel LeCoufle. (North of England) I never need to induce flowering. My problem, if it is one, is flower prevention (emphasis mine. ed.) — P. Lindsay. (Central California US) A drop in night temperature to 50/55°F (10/12°C) for several weeks works rather well. Day temperatures should be 78 to 85°F (24/26°C) to be effective in setting spikes. Two waterings with straight Epsom salts (6 pounds per 100 gallons) followed by a clear water flushing. Resume normal feeding program after this. — B. Livingston. (Florida Caribbean US) Reducing the night temperature and fertilising with Bloom Booster (10-30-20). Low temps are not encountered until late fall or early winter here in Miami. Fans are used all night to help in dropping the temperature. — L. Lodyga. (Luzon Philippines) Our technique is low night temperatures which we get under natural environment at high eleva- tion (800 metres) above sea _ level. Another technique we employ is to kick mature plants to flower at high elevation and finish them up at lower elevation. — D. Mendoza. (South California (US) I give them lots of tender, loving care and let them bloom when they want to. — H. Moye. (California Coast US) In November, I change to a low nitrogen fertiliser, quarter to half strength. I don’t drop the temperature as this seems to promote rot and the temperature drops naturally in my greenhouse in December, anyway. I like to bloom phals late in the season, i.e. March through May. — M. & J. Nedderman. (Indian Coast South Africa) We installed a cool room to alter temps to induce earlier spiking, but did not find ita great success. Outside plants spiked just as well at the same period without any artificial influence. It was a costly and inconclusive programme. — G. Paris. (Southeastern US) Stop fertilising. — S. Pridgen. (Northcentral US) Under artificial lighting . . . I drastically reduce light and lower temperatures. — A. Roberts. (Florida Gulf Coast US) Cool nights and warm days. — J. & R. Roberts. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 FERN MARKET AT DINGLEY FERN MARKET WE DO NOT GROW ORCHIDS WE DO NOT EVEN PRETEND TO GROW ORCHIDS BUT “BOY” DO WE EVER SELL ORCHIDS We buy the best orchids from some of the top breeders and growers in Australia on a weekly basis. This ensures that there is always fresh, interesting, new stock on hand. Unfortunately, due to our rapid stock turnover, we are unable to produce lists or mail order. SO PAY US A VISIT AT: 233 Centre Dandenong Road Dingley, Vic. (Opp. Howard Rd) Open Daily 8 am — 5.30 pm (California Coast US) I remove shade Cloth from October through April, for More light; I also change fertilisers to a 15-30-20 mix. — F. Robinson. (Queensland Coast ‘Australia0 Leave it to nature. — R. Robinson, (Puerto Rico US) During the October through December, we use 10-30-20 eters Special fertiliser — R. Rodriguez. (Mid-Atlantic Coast US) I have tried Several controlled experiments of day length and temperature combinations using a variety of genetic ancestry. Contrary to other reports, I was not able to get any consistent or predictable results, I presume that if one uses a Narrow lineage, then some sort of predict- able results may be possible. — E. utkowski. (Southcentral US) Switch to 10-30-20 ertiliser in the fall and I allow a natural COO! period of 10 days below 60°F. — P. Scholz. (South of England) None. My nighttime temperature dips to 55°F occassionally an this possibly induces flowering. Certainly mature plants bloom two or three times a year and I always have a lot of flowers with peak blooming from “cember through April. — P. Seaton. (North of England) I leave well enought alone and keep my fingers crossed each year. Not much need, though. Every- thing flowers. — D. Shuker. (Pacific Northwest US) Under artificial lighting . . . Reduce daylength. — S. Skoien. (Mid-Atlantic Coast US) Under arti- ficial lighting... We cool the basement of our house off by ventilation. This means having to wait for cool nights as nature sees fit. Attempts to use ice-cooled water on their roots did not result in any observ- able success. However, I have shown that the phal’s roots should be wet or damp during the night cooling period. One season I carefully watered only the roots of 50 phals in 6 to 10” pots each evening for 2 weeks during the cool-down period. After an additional week, 49 of them had initiated flower spikes. — K. & M. Smeltz. (Mid-Atlantic Coast US) We usually keep our cooling system operating at night in late summer (August) when the weather is unseasonably cool. This frequently results in early spiking. — C. Williamson. How far in advance of the desired date of blooming do you take the special steps? (Central Claifornia US) I do not inten- tionally regulate induction. Rather, I ‘dose’ only plants which have not begun to spike after others have already estab- lished spikes as expected on time. I consistently have 95 per cent plus spikes well in advance of our society’s annual AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 Victorian Agent for WONDABAH ORCHIDS A comprehensive range always in stock spring show in March each year. — R. Buchter. (California Coast US) If all factors I mentioned above are in place and on time, the plants should start initiating their spikes 15 to 30 days after the cooling-off period and the first flowers should start opening 90 to 100 days thereafter. — E. Carlson. (Northeastern US) Under artificial lighting . .. My plants bloom when they feel like it. I’ve tried putting them outside in April or May to get them to bloom in the fall for our show, but it doesn’t work very well. — I. Cohen. (South of England) If plants are re- quired for a show date, I drop the tem- perature at night to 50°F for 3 weeks... four to four and one half months earlier. — R. Dadd. (Florida Gulf Coast US) For us, 3 months starting in mid-September. — J. Eich. (Holland) For flowering in November/ December, the cooling period of 18°C at night and daytime temperature of 21°C for 6 weeks should be finished by July. The second spike will come on this way for Mother’s Day in the following year. — a major commercial grower. (Florida Atlantic Coast US) Three to four months. — C. & L. Hagan. (Southeastern US) We give a 3-month lead time, but weather plays a major part 13 Tandara Orchids Quality Cattleyas Gus S\ Strong plants from < small to gh | flowering sizes yy Se) y Send 37¢ stamp for { ASS \\] comprehensive <.59 listing. aa ~ Tandara Orchid Nursery PO Box 235, Tolga, 4882 CRISPINS NATIVE ORCHID NURSERY TELEPHONE (066) 42 4524 Specialising in Specimen-size Native Orchids Extensive range of cool growing Queensland Natives Flowering size Hybrid Natives Large Range of Staghorns & Elkhorns Dispatch anywhere in Australia SAE for price list to 126 ALICE STREET, GRAFTON, NSW 2460 Keith & Kathy Barlow's STAGMANIA NATIVE NURSERY 107 KENT STREET, GRAFTON. 2460 MAIL ORDER NATIVE ORCHIDS STAGHORNS, ELKHORNS BIRD NEST FERNS An extensive range supplied loose, potted, mounted or standing on natural wood. Licenced Picker No 30P0643. Wholesale orders of lose plants wanted. Public welcome but please phone for appointment. (066) 42 5262 Myall Orchids New Guinea and Australian Ceratobium Dendrobiums including Bigibbum Canaliculatum and Johannis hybrids. Some New Guinea species. Seedlings to flowering size. Min Korsman 95 TOOLAKEA BEACH ROAD, BLUEWATER QUEENSLAND 4816. (077) 88 6147 in spike development. Our crop can vary as much as a month early or late, depending on weather conditions. — T. Harper. (Southern California US) Three months in advance of desired flowering. — E. Hetherington. (Midlands of England) Three calendar months. — P. Hirst. (Florida Caribbean US) 115 days. — W. Kelly. (Holland) The time between flower in- duction and flowering is about 90 days. — H. Kronenberg. (France) At least 4 months in advance before the season we desire. Impossible to manage in the hot months of the summer season in normal greenhouses on account of too hot nights. — Marcel LeCoufle. (Central California US) I chill nights and use Epsom salts about 4 to5 months before desire flowering. Time of year and the weather are taken into account. — B. Livingston. (Luzon Philippines) About 3 to 4 months ahead of natural flowering in common growing areas. — D. Mendoza. (California Coast US) High phos- phorus fertiliser is used in December and January. — F. Robinson @ EDITOR’S NOTE Readers must remember that most of the responses in the above article are from Northern Hemisphere growers. They should convert season to the appropriate months in the Southern Hemisphere and the temperature to degrees celcius. If other growers have done work on the conditions necessary to initiate flower- ing in other genera, eg. Cattleyas, Dendrobiums, Vandaceous and Paphio- pedilums, it would be appreciated if. they would put pen to paper and let others know their secrets. SHORT TEMPERATURE CONVERSION CHART °C We ioaude vahis Soaap ace 32 HES) BquapaanedcuD bes 36.5 BY odadioaohn cag poddsG 4] {el Bas orasoendoak ob 45.5 MU Gaoadadoodsacoudnt 50 WAR antitcananchn sd 54.5 Sb oda dnpubbnansenir 59 Wir addon bunognnodee 63.5 2 () Wetcvotelotorets McLee oreote 68 DDS hee trate y as DAS) DS yierrta chet vised ee 77 JARRE HGH SGGHNOoE 81.5 al Bro dace ovaboacods 86 AVA Shiodensushonasooe 90.5 CBS aonbope pupkaa shane 95 STE hres omen oa ec ik 99.5 UD eoank poudeddatn ae 104 | DYestim lee @ Don't be frustrated If your glasshouse Isn't giving the results you want. Contact the glasshouse control professionals at DAPro and let ee A ollie) Maal Ma lelalmmug-le axel el-lec-lamelae dale] foleate lide) aim All our units are easy to Install and can be fitted by the home handyman with no electrician lal ={=To [-To ; OUR UNITS ARE: @ ENVIROTROL | Provides precise year round glasshouse temperature control using Inexpensive domestic appliances. @ ENVIROTROL Il! All the features of the ENVIROTROL | plus EToLel-To colo} Mofele) Tale Mexelayaue) ie) macelayilinliat-iekeelatel tale) ate @ ENVIROTROL IV All the features of the ENVIROTROL III plus extra output to optimise humidity control. @ AUTOVENT | Give completely automatic glasshouse venting when used with any of the ENVIROTROLSs. @ HUMITROL | Precision calibrated glasshouse humidistat used to control a humidifier, fogging Jets or special venting systems to control humidity. We also manufacture large | DEALER ENQUIRIES [Pits verter 74 WELCOME commercial houses — call and talk to us. fiDAPro GLASSHOUSE PRODUCTS PO Box 40 (3 Wilga St.), CONCORD WEST, NSW 2138. Phone (02) 73 5253 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 Seedlings in 2” pots at$3.50 each RD282 Brassavola digbyana x Self RD274_ C. loddigesi x Enc. radiatum N1051 Laelia anceps ‘Pure Alba’ x Self MS511. Bic. SYLVIA FRY ‘Supreme’ x Lc. PERSEPOLIS ‘Splendor’ AM/AOS MS515 C. DORIS SHINDEL x C, LITTLE LEOPARD MSS528 _ Lc. ISSIBARINA x Lc. CHINE ‘Bouton D'or’ MS532 Lc. SCARLET IMP ‘Amy’ x C. CHOCOLATE DROP ‘Kodoma’ MS533° Lc. SCARLET IMP ‘Amy’ x Lc. CHINE ‘Bouton D'or’ MS553. Bic. SYLVIA FRY ‘Supreme’ x Bic. PAMELA HETHERINGTON ‘Coronation’ MS595__ Lc. JOSE DIAS CASTRO ‘Magnifica’ x Blc. SOUTH GHYLL ‘Orglades Hikari’ MS596 (Lc. LAND OF ENCHANTMENT x Lc. OSIRIS) x C. PORTIATA ‘Mel’ SPECIAL ex BEALLS Pot. HARLEQUIN PEAK ‘Orange Princess’ AM/AOS $15.00 in Size C [5] mackinneys’ nursery 87 TURTON STREET, SUNNYBANK, QLD 4109 CLOSED SUNDAYS. PHONE: 345 1916 CLEAN PINE BARK In 3 Grades — Fine 3%” — Medium 98”— Coarse 34” THIS PRODUCT IS HAND CLEANED TO REMOVE SKINS, WOOD, RUBBISH, ETC. THE BARKIS MATURE SOUTHERN RED RADIATA(NOT SLASH PINE). QUANTITY 134 Cu Ft CLEAR POLY BAGS — RR PRICE $12.00 AVAILABLE FROM Novo Orchids 33 Moira St Pacific Orchids Pimlico Rd Adamstown — Newcastle Pimlico Aeansea Orchids Pacific PH (049) 52 4253 PH (066) 87 4520 way, Swansea. Rod Graham 15 Graham St —- Cherry Road Nursery PH (049) 71 1321 Wauchope 41 Cherry Rd Warners Bay Orchid Care Services PH (065) 85 3713 PH (049) 48 9218 Be Amphitheatre Circuit Frank Stegeman Lot 10 The Pokolbin Orchid Farm Baulkham Hills NSW Maho a gany Cres. — Kempsey : PH (02) 674 2642 PH (065) 62 8417 Lot 13 Gillards Rd = eae Orchids 42 Pratley St R. J. Wells eyo 98 7558 CY OY, 116 Farmborough Rd PH (02) 709 3651 esermoeroua Tinonee Orchid Nursery Taree (042) 71 5707 PH (065) 53 1012 PINDIMAR HORTICULTURAL SUPPLIES Lot 6 Warri St — Pindimar via Tea Gardens NSW 2324 PH (049) 97 0072 OTHER ENQUIRIES TO AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 15 ee, a i 4 ot u | Give your ETS a head start -.- buy from the experts & save! ee CLADDING MATERIALS ———— Ty (Available in rolls/sheets or cut to size) B Shade cloth - black, green, brown or white in light (50%) or medium (70%). @ Fibreglass Sheeting. Hl Polyflute Sheeting. Ml Thermoclear (Polycarbonate twin-wall sheeting). Hl Marix Cloth - Thermal Screens. Hl Marix Cloth - Weed Control. Mf Polythene Film. @ Glasshouse Paint. HM Blackout Blinds & Thermal Screens. Ml Glazing Bars. ————— 19s {O) JXC7.YU CO) EQUIPMENT (Heating only and Heating & Misting) B Low Voltage trays (24 volt). Hl High Voltage Propagation Cables. Hl Flexible Carbon Mets. Ml Low Voltage transformers (large range). PROPAGATION ACCESSORIES @ Thermostats. HM Balance Arm Sensors. HM Mist and Timer Controllers. @ Carbon Block Sensors. HM Multi-area Mist Controllers. Hl Weather Waterer Mist Controllers. Hl Mercury Tubes. @ Dial Stem Thermometers. HM Mini- Max Thermometers. Hl Hygrometers. @ PH. Meters. MConductivity Meters. @ Resistance Wire (Heating Cable). BH Solenoid Valves. Hl Humidistats. C6] Woh} s (0) OR) ihe) Ese) 5 0,0) 09 5 (0) OR) th) (Domestic and Commercial) @ Glasshouses (most top brands from small to large sizes). Hl Polythene Igloos. Hl Shadehouses (most top brands from small to large sizes). @ Conservatories and Garden Rooms. SPRINKLER & IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT (Including PVC Pipe & Fittings) @ Misting Jets. HM Misting Jets with check valves. Ml Drippers. Ml Butterfly Spo @ Sage Watering Jets. Cameron Sprays. HM Dundas Flat Sprays. Hl Check Valves for Sprinklers. @ Plastic & Metal Bodied Solenoid Valves. Mf Irrigation Controllers (Time Clocks). 121 Herald Street, 2 Cheltenham, Vic, 3192 (Melway Ref. 78 B10) Ph : aoe (03) 553 3777 Horticaltural (reg. prop. Garden [ =) Equipment Mfgs P/L) 16 A RAIN FOREST IN WAGGA WAGGA? When the Wagga Wagga Orchid Society was established in 1985 under the presidency of Vince Elmes, our thoughts did not turn to seeing orchids growing ina humid “rain forest” in the dry south- western region of Wagga Wagga. Since 1985, our society has shown a gradual change from members growing fine examples of cymbidiums to those who have established suitable growing con- ditions for a wider range of orchids and are prepared to fight the excessive heat and cold so prevalent in this region. The Wagga Wagga City Council has been developing, over a number of years, an exciting and very beautiful Botanic Gardens with a zoo, outdoor entertain- ment centre, magnificent gardens for camelias, roses, cacti, and a Shakes- perian Garden and Aboriginal walkway. An Open Air Chapel is planted with trees mentioned in the bible. For children, of all ages, there is a Model Railway which provides an exciting ride through the gardens, through curving tunnels and under a major road to the Historical Society's Museum. An original eroded watercourse within the gardens has been transformed into a rainforest area, complete with suitable plants and boardwalk. Some native orchids were initially included in this project, but lack of light and easy access to children and vandals did not allow them to flourish. The Wagga Wagga Orchid Society has now taken up the challenge to establish an orchid glen within this humid gully. The City Council is to fence the area and build another board walk with viewing platform. Some funding to provide orchids has been promised — however our society would welcome any dona- tions of native orchids from those who may like to help. Wagga Wagga Orchid Society is to host a Regional Conference of the Orchid Society of NSW during the long weekend of Ist and 2nd of October 1989. Visitors to Wagga on this occasion will be given the opportunity of seeing terrestrial orchids growing in the areas as well as attending our Fifth Annual Spring Show. Keep this date in mind — see the Wagga Wagga rain forest, ride on the model railway, and enjoy hospitality you will never forget. Interesting lectures, and social venues for all members of your family will be provided. More details will be provided at a later date @ John Cosier, Hon. Sec. WWOS. SAVE ON BUYING A WETTING AGENT Colin Hamilton reports in the Rock- hampton OS Newsletter, “I went to buy another 200m! bottle of Agral 60. They told me this size had been discontinued and I was offered a one lite pack. As it does not need very much each time I use it, I thought this a bit extravagant. They then offered me a 200ml bottle of another brand for $8.00. I picked it up and the fluid seemed very thin, so I read the directions. The mixing rate was 10 times higher than for Agral. Disappointed, I enquired the price of the one litre of Agral, and was told $9.53!!! So for an extra $1.53 I got five times the quantity and 10 times the strength’. Thank you Colin @ D’BUSH ORCHID NURSERY PO BOX 57, KURANDA, QUEENSLAND 4872 PHONE (070) 93 7923 We have for sale PHALAENOPSIS, VANDA AND REED STEM EPIDENDRUM ORCHIDS ONLY. @ For DENDROBIUMS AND CATTLEYAS previously listed contact COLEMAN’S ORCHIDS as advertised in this Review. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 Three New Improved Orchid Medias @ Replate Flask Media III @ Mother Flask Media IV @ Replate Flask Media IV VERY REASONABLE PRICES FOR ORDERING OR ENQUIRIES Bacto Laboratories P/L P.O. Box 295, 310-312 Elizabeth Dr LIVERPOOL NSW 2170, AUSTRALIA (02) 602 5499, 602 4346 OR VICTORIA Ferryglen P/L (03) 848 2230 OR W.A. Lancet OMS (09) 445 2244 Lot 18 eee Sree Road, _LANGWARRIN. VIC. 3910. £ _ Phone ge) 782 2668 ; Business hours: ed: N panes ALUMS, ENC oe) BIUMS, LYCASTES and SARCOCHILUS. While | we never have enough unsold flasks of PAPHS c Or -| ca Se CARR ; ro SAR . gt i and MERICLONE ake PLANT S. If you are NOT our mailing list you should be. AGENTS, for current catalogues. - ‘A 2 IVES fe, ae SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Perth, Orchids wey as UrrOW Ye at ecamttnaelatte Fo Kevin Turner - Lot 17 apockinghan Rd Dee ee ay Ulindaglerrace DESTSO nA WiC CCA eau ie icheno.Tas 7125 Para Hills. S.A 5096 | 09). Seka i Bre Ph: (003) 75 1172. Fg hi ; [NOV ner Aza $I Ss AN ‘ON _\Wyonce Orcuip Nurseries Me Z) “N.S.W. Central Coast Orchid Specialists” (7S) BRAND NEW CATALOGUES OUT NOW! =— CYMBIDIUM — CATTLEYA — DENDROBIUM — ONCIDIUM — PAPHIOPEDILUM — NATIVES, SPECIES & HYBRIDS — MISCELLANEOUS SPECTACULAR colour range in new CYMBIDIUM seedlings and Mericlones EXCLUSIVE mericlones $15 each plus freight MCO1 — SYLVANSTAR ‘SNOW QUEEN’ — Top July White— 10 to 12 cm blooms. MC02 — WILLIAM HERTRICH ‘WYONG’ — 15 plus superb blooms late May/June —Yellow in the sun to green in shade (See photo AO.R. Autumn 86). MC03 — SYLVATION ‘WYONG’ — Amustin every collection— One of the best pink orchids available — 12 plus blooms July/Aug. (photo AO.R. Summer 86) PLUS!! 55 top seedling crosses, brand new colours, showbench, cut flowers, everything for the enthusiast and commercial grower. We are pleased to announce the appointments of Mr Roy O’Hara of Tamborine Mountain Orchids, 158 Long Road Eagle Heights Qld 4271. Tel: (075) 45 1303 as sole Queensland Agent. Steve & Viviane Spencer, trading as Splendid Exotic Orchids & Ferns, 6-14 Plantation Road, Corio, Vic. 3214 as sole Victorian Agent. Tel (052) 75 3931 for Western Australia enthusiasts our sole WA agent is Chelita Farm Orchids, Treeton Rd, Cowaramup W.A 6284. Phone (097) 55 5440 IN ADDITION!! A full range of orchids always in stock at Wyong from our agencies for Tamborine Mountain Orchids (Q’Id), Wondabah Orchids (NSW) ‘Double U’ Orchids (NSW) and now we are proud to have been appointed agents for Neil & Meg Finch, trading as Down Under Native Orchids, specialising in Australian Native Orchids & Hybrids. For evereything in Orchids and Requisites, Personal Attention & Advice, Call in, Write or Phone NOW!!— OPEN 7 DAYS. Send60¢ stamp for catalogues— Full mail or phone order credit card facilities. Wyone Orcuip Nurseries BASFORD ROAD, LAKE MUNMORAH, N.S.W. AUSTRALIA — TELEPHONE (043) 58 8563 18 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 PAPHIOPEDILUMS — THE SUBGENUS COCHLOPETALUM — Spiralled Shell Slippers The following article will concentrate On the subgenus Cochlopetalum with reference to their distribution, cultural requirements & taxonomy of each of the Seven recognised species. The section name is derived in part from the Greek work kochlos meaning spiralled Shell, this being a feature attributed to the petals which are coiled like that of a shell. Apart from being concentrated in the Indonesian Island complex, the sub- genus has the unique floral characteristic of opening their flowers in succession along the scape, so that although an Overall scape will have 10-20 flowers, Only 1-3 are ever open at the same time. The seven recognised species of this group are: ® Paphiopedilum liemianum North Sumatra 2n = 32. Paphiopedilum primulinum North Sumatra 2n = 32 Paphiopedilum primulinum forma Purpurascens North Sumatra 2n=32 Paphiopedilum chamberlainianum West Sumatra 2n = 34 Paphiopedilum victoria-maria West Sumatra 2n = 30 Paphiopedilum moquettianum West Java 2n = 34 ® Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum East Java 2n = 36, 37. Notes on the individual species: Paphiopedilum liemianum Fowl 1971 _ This Species, although almost florally Indistinguishable from P. glaucophyllum, has distinctly ciliate leaf margins, not Only at the base, but around the entire Caf margins. The leaves are also a deeper green lacking the glaucous cover- Ing of the latter. Two main leaf ecotypes ave been encountered; one with tessel- lated leaves exhibits distinct mottling throughout, while the other has plain Sreen leaves, almost devoid of any mot- ling. However, both these produce a variation in flower form and so far I have Seen about 5 different floral forms each Uniquely different, however still charac- teristically P. /iemianum. These differences are mainly features of the dorsal sepal but a recent flowering by J. Topper of the USA, revealed a blue Pouched form. The plant was discovered by Liem Kie le of Lawang in Java on limestone cliff faces on Gunong Merapic, Sumatra, Indonesia. It has also been collected on unong Sinabung. aphiopedilum primulinum Wood et Taylor 1973. Photo: S. Castelo Text: R. D. Kramer While most of the Coch/opetalum have very similar staminodes and overall colouring, P. primulinum has a pure yellow/green flower setting it apart (with P. primulinum forma purpurascens) from the other members. Only P. primu- linum however totally lacks anthocyanin (purple markings) on the underside of basal parts of the foliage. Again, large (old) specimen plants of this species flower in succession on the scape. While up to 20 flowers have been seen on jungle collected specimens, an average on cultivated plants would be around 10. Some Botanists say that both P. primu- linum and P. primulinum forma pur- purascens are merely degenerative forms of P. liemianum. This theory at present is to be seen as pure supposition. Again Liem Kie Wie was instrumental in its discovery from Gunong Leuser growing with P. primulinum forma pur- purascens. Both have also been reported growing near P. tonsum (Wood). TROPICAL ORCHID GARDENS at beautiful Tinaroo on the Atherton Tablelands — 1'2 hours drive from Cairns, North Queensland. @ A year round display of beautiful, tropical orchids with the emphasis on Cattleyas, Vandas, Paphio- pedilums, Phalaenopsis, Oncidiums and Dendrobiums. @ Bringing joy to over 35,000 visitors a year. @ Tourist Coaches call daily. @ Income derived from Entry Fee, Plant and Souvenir sales. ®@ Situated in fast growing tourist area. Enquiries: Ph. (070) 95 8223 Ph. (070) 95 8136 or write P.O. Box 17, KAIRI. Qid 4872 for information. An Exciting Investment (OJ ey ovoyade lala FOR SALE YOU WIN WITH EASY TO FLOWER CYMS Showbench winning mericlones specially chosen for you. These grow like mad and flower their heads off. 0 SHOWGIRL ‘HUSKY HONEY’ Fi _ STRATHANN ‘ENFIELD’ Scarce _ FAIRYWAND ‘RUBY. 5 5e pot. = . Send $10 ea for these big husky bareroot mericlones. Please include $8 for air freight. Orders over $100 FREIGHT FREE! Bank/Mastercard welcome. Quote name, number and expiry date. Call or write for our FREE CATALOGUE. EASY ORCHIDS 5 Richman Ave. Prospect SA 5082. te AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 ORCHID CULTURE MEDIA for Sowing and Replating AS USED BY VALLEY ORCHIDS AND OTHER LEADING NURSERIES. * SPECIALISED MEDIA for all POPULAR GENERA * GENERAL SOWING and REPLATING MEDIA % LIQUID MERISTEM MEDIA ALL MEDIA ONLY $5.50 PER 1 LITRE PACK INCLUDING PACKING AND POSTAGE IN AUSTRALIA % ALL MEDIA ALSO AVAILABLE IN PACKS to prepare 10 litres $40.00 %* HORMONE KEIKI PASTE in 3ml tubes for stem propagation of Phalaenopsis $4.00 per tube including packing and postage in Australia. * SUBSTANTIAL DISCOUNTS For orders over $100.00 % FRESHLY PREPARED MEDIA Dispatched promptly by air mail. Please specify genus and whether sowing or replating medium is required. ORCHID MEDIA LABORATORIES P.O. BOX 201 KINGSWOOD SOUTH AUSTRALIA 5062 (08) 31 7237 (08) 271 0690 (After hours) BANKCARD AND MASTERCARD WELCOME PLEASE SUPPLY YOUR NAME, CARD NUMBER AND EXPIRY DATE 20 Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum. Paphiopedilum primulinum forma purpurascens. Paphiopedilum primulinum forma purpurascens Wood et Taylor 1976 Not much more needs to be said about this species except that it differs only marginally from P. primulinum in having slightly more colour in the flower than P. primulinum and also has antho- cyanin markings on the underside of the leaf and plant base. Birk has also mentioned that the chromosonal banding also appears quite different. As pre- viously stated both forms grow amongst one another, so this has aroused some debate as to whether to accept the two as individual species or merely varieties of one another. Much work is being carried out by us through selfings and crossings to see if both forms will eventuate from individual capsules. Paphiopedilum chamberlainianum (O’Brien) Stein 1892 This plant, together with some forms of P. liemianum are the most robust of the group, specimens reaching enormous sizes. This led some unscrupulous dealers to advertise large collected plants as P. chamberlainianum variety lati- folium and giganteum. The beautiful 60- 90cm flowerscape bear up to 30 flowers each lasting about 48 days. This species is distinct from P. /iemianum, lacking the cilate foliage and the dorsal variations are slightly different. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 Papiopedilum victoria-mariae Paphiopedilum victoria-mariae (Rolfe) Hook. 1896. It would be almost impossible to confuse this species with any of the other members of the subgenus. The flowers are €autifully coloured with the pouch a very ted/pink totally lacking in the darker red Spotting characteristic of P. chamberlain- ‘anum and P. liemianum. While the Majority of the other members of this 8roup have white and red/brown spotting, P. victoriae-mariae has totally brownish Petals again held horizontally. The region Where the plant originates, Mt Talak Mau, North Sumatra. It grows on very Wet limestone boulders and humus in deep shade. It is incredibly hard to get to, Paphiopedilum moquettianum. perhaps giving the plant some limited pro- tection from zealous collectors. Although once very rare in cultivation, huge batches of seedling have been pro- duced. artificially and these have shown incredible vigor. Paphiopedilum moquettianum (J. J. (Smith) Fowl. 1905. Controversy has raged as to whether or not Paphiopedilum moquettianum is a distinct species or merely a variety of P. glaucophyllum. While some botanists have placed P. moquettianum as a variety, one noted and dedicated botanist, Koji Karasawa has always maintained that on an evolutionary scale P. moquettianum seems to be younger than AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 Tame nC THE VERY LATEST IN EXHIBITION AND MINIATURE CATTLEYAS, ONCIDIUMS, DENS, VANDAS ETC. * FIRST RELEASE MANY OF THE CROSSES LISTED ARE THE FIRST TIME THEY HAVE EVER BEEN RELEASED. AUSSIE SUNSET CROSSES VERY LIMITED* *LC. AUSSIE SUNSET ‘Corona’ X BLC. BOUTON D'OR’ Lewis’ 2” $5 *LC. AUSSIE SUNSET ‘Solar Flare’ X C.GENE MAY ‘Big Splash’ 2” $5 *LC. AUSSIE SUNSET ‘Cosmic Fire’ X HAZEL BOYD ‘Mikkabi’ 2” $5 *BLC MT.ISA = BLC HERONS GHYLL ‘Wayside’ X LC. CHINE ‘Bouton D'or’ (A REMAKE USING THE EXACT ORIGINAL PARENTS) 2” $4 *C. INTERMEDIA ‘Aquinii’ X CTNA. KEITH ROTH. 2” $3 *LC. MARY REYES ‘Spots’ X C. CHOCOLATE DROP ‘Kodama’ 2” $3 *C. LUTEOLA ‘Vi’ X SOPH. Coccinea 2” $3 *BLC. TOSHIE AOKI ‘Pizazz’ AM/AOS X C. MOSCOMBE ‘Morning Sun’ 2” $3 *L. PUMILA ‘Black Diamond’ X C. INTERGLOSSA. 2” $3 *BLC. WENDY TANAKA X C. Walkeriana ‘Alba Pendentive’ 2” $3 *LC. CHICANNERY ‘No 1’ X POT. MITTAGONG ‘Orange Gift’ 2” $3 *ONC. GOLDEN SUNSET ‘No 1’ X ONC. TRIXIE ‘Richella’ (Equitant) $5 & $10 *ONC. OH ME ‘No2’ X ONC. STUNNER ‘Richella’ AM/AOS (Equitant) $5 & $10 SEND 37c STAMP FOR OUR LATEST CATALOGUE AND SELECTED CATTLEYA DIVISION LIST. The Home of LG. AUSSIE MAIL ORDER SPECIALISTS 119 BOUNDARY RN., THORNLANDS QUEENSLAND 4164. PHONE (07) 2064385 CREDIT CARDS WELCOME. OPEN 7 DAYS 21 CATS DENS VANDAS Healthy Husky Plants All Sizes to Flowering Size A 2” Pot to E Flowering FCO08 (M) Bic Dorcille Little “Calichan” ABCD8E sizes. Full red, dark lip. FCO23 (M) Bic Lucky Strike “Mongtrakul”. C&D Sizes. Show purple. FCO41 Bic George Angus x Gloria Schmidt. AB&C sizes. Good shaped gold, red lip. FDOO3 Den. Ekapol x Candy Strip. CD&E sizes. Large Bicolour phalaenanthe Great shape. FDO61 (M) Den. Catawba. AB&C sizes. Long sprays of open black, red blooms. FDO32 Den. Madame Udomsri x Chuinsangon. BCD8E sizes. All flowered so far. Consistant dark purple of good round shape. Wide lips. FVOO3 V. Merv. L. Veluthuis x V. Coerulea. C&D sizes. Semi terete white & green. Full shape. FVOO6 V. Artchariya x V. Siam Ruby. ABC&D sizes. VIRGINIA TROPICAL GARDENS P.O. Box 85 Zillmere 4034 Qld Phone (07) 265 5555 Telex AA41215 Fax (07) 265 2768 Full Plant List Available THE ALTERNATIVE THE CYMBIDIUM SOCIETY OF AMERICA AUSTRALIAN BRANCH (C.S.A.A.) Two years ago the C.S.A.A. was formed in Australia; a specialist society catering for the Cymbidium and Paph grower in particular. The Clubs object is “to promote the growing of orchids, and to distribute informa- tion on theircultural habits and advancements for the benefit and enjoyment of all its members”. Because of our rapidly growing membership, our two highly suc- cessful international shows at “Brimbank Park”, Keilor, attendance at our workshops and judging training seminars, it is obvious there is a need for an alter- native to the existing system. Full members receive 6 bi-monthly air mailed copies of the colour magazine “The Orchid Advocate”, to provide information on world wide orchid news, the 20 page bi-monthly “Leading Edge” for the local scene, meetings are held monthly- April to December - with knowledgeable speakers to inform you in local and overseas growing techniques, hybridizing, judging and much more. In addition this year, we will run “Early Sessions” on the meeting evenings for the learner grower and the novice who wishes to upgrade their collection. The reader will realise that this group caters for all levels of growers, so if you wish to be part of this new exciting group and get up to date on world orchid trends, this is the club for you. Membership is the same as last year - $50.00 full membership / $25.00 part membership. For membership forms or further information, please write to “The Membership Secretary”: GAI MAXWELL - P.O. Box 508, MT. ELIZA. 3930. Deter Chiles Orchids For fine cymbidium orchids CYMBIDIUM FLASKS AVAILABLE NOW 15 plantlets planted per 600c.c. bottle CLAUDE PEPPER ‘TAWNY PORT: (Standard Mericlone) sarees Meee eee ee per ee ree $45 One of many fine new Claude Peppers that we have now included in our breeding programme. This clone is an excellent show and pot-plant variety as it is a vigorous grower that multiple spikes. Colour is a medium mahogany-brown with a bright contrasting lip featuring a solid red *V”. This clone blooms in August. SUE ‘MAYTIME MAGIC’ (Miniature mericlone) Pins An Gth. tt eee Pat ee oe aN eT pin eee $45 A good white Sue with up to 30 blooms per tall erect spike. Grows and flowers well in May with up to2 spikes per bulb. The fine red contast labellums make this clone a real picture when in flower. Tops for pot plants. CYMBIDIUM PLANTS AVAILABLE NOW HAMSEY ‘THE GLOBE’ X tracyanum (Standard seedlings) arodcasponntbactosdt cdi 30cm $4 A Mad Hatter’s cross, but look at what you get!! Our tracyanum is a real gem with up to 30 blooms on long arching spikes with fine perfume. Highly coloured open blooms with twisted petals in July and August. MIMI ‘SOPHIA’ X REMUS ‘SCHROEDER’S’ (Intermediate SEUNG) So Gekbunseas 30cm $8 1988 Catalogue Available. ( | [sence] — a 22 5 Peacock Avenue, Gawler, S.A. 5118 Telephone: (085) 22 3883 Business Hours: Saturday and Sunday 1pm — 5pm May to October inclusive. Other times by appointment. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 P. liemianum # P. primulinum & P. primulinum forma purpurascens aa P. chamberlainianum Bi P. victoria-mariae P. glaucophyllum and therefore if variety Status was ever contemplated P. glauco- Phyllum should have the inferior status. vly personal view is that if P. moquet- “anum is considered as a variety then all other Coch/opetalum species should also be considered under the same nomen- Clatural status. On the same viewpoint, if this was the case then such species as P. callosum,/P. barbatum, P. lowii,/P. haynaldianum and P. parishii/P. dian- thum Should also be registered as varieties of one another. The major differences between the two are firstly chromosone count, colouration (ie in the dorsal particularly), and the €xtremely robust nature of P. moque- ‘tlanum. One known site of collection is lanjur in West Java and the species is reported to be becoming very scarce in its natural habitat. Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum (J. J. Smith). 1900, As mentioned before, some clones of P. 8laucophyllum resemble markedly clones of P. liemianum, almost to the Point of being indescernable. The leaves have a beautiful blue/ green appearance (glaucous coating) as does P. Mmoquettianum. Again as with most of the members of this group P. glaucophyllum as the characteristic ‘inflated’ pink Pouch speckled in deep red. The species Occurs in East Java near Turen. Invalid ‘species’ On several occasions plants have been Tecorded from the wild which are later found to be natural or man-made hybrids. Tgument and confusion at times rages Over the validity of such intruders, the Owners vehemently argueing that the Plants were wild collected so naturally Must be a species. Wrong! his argument has raged over several Species such as P. tonsum x P. curtisii (at Geographic distribution of Cochlopetalum subgenus SUMATRA P. moquettianum P. glaucophyllum times listed as P. superbiens) and one classic example is found within the subgenus Cochlopetalum. P. yapianum was for years advertised by a large American nursery as a distinct species retailing for an exorbitant US$500. I feel sorry for those who spent their money on this plant. Paphiopedilum yapianum was later tc be discredited and listed as fraudulent. Later research proved the hybrid (man.- made) between P. glaucophyllum x P. praestans. The other name which latei sprang up for the same cross was P. Jogjae named because of its locality in Central Java, Djogjakarta. P. praestans occured in the then (Dutch New Guinea). Plants had been raised in local gardens by the Dutch residents and after they left the region, plants seeded and grew ‘wild’ until refound by collectors who naturally assumed them to be a new species. Because of the hybrid origin of this cross, flowers of clones exhibit inumerable variations. Culture of the Cochlopetalum Subgenus The joys of orchid growing are not complete unless optimum culture can be achieved. All orchid growers strive for that perfect potting mix and the breath- taking display that a well flowered plant can deliver. It is on this question that controversy has raged since orchids became domesticated, and no two growers seem ever to be able to agree. For this reason the following outline is given only if readers appreciate that under our conditions the following guides are at their optimum. Because of our committment to Paphiopedilum and Phragmipedium research and conser- vation, our need to expand was inevitable as the production was ever increasing. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 et M107 M202 TODAY’S BOTTLE BABIES FOR TOMORROWS CHAMPIONS Flasks contain 6 to 12 plants. Mericlone 3 plants. Choose 6 or more and deduct 10%. Catalog available SOPHRONITIS COCCINEA ‘JANET’ AM/AOS — 3 inch red. Only 2 plants MILT. JAMES IVERS MATTSON ‘CHERRY- VALE’ — Large red Mericlone 902 PHAL. VENOSA (FORMERLY PSILANTHA) ‘JUNGLE GREEN’ CHM/AOS X SELF — Brown on green background PAPH ROTHSCHILDIANUM ‘CHARLES E’ FCC/AOS X SELF — Only one plant . . $10.00 PHAL. VENOSA ‘JUNGLE GREEN’ CHM/AOS X PHAL. VIOLACEA ‘JUNGLE VIOLET —Expect Reds PHAL. CORNINGIANA ‘YELLOW BIRD’ X PHAL. VIOLACEA ‘HARFORDS ORANGE’ AM/AOS —The orange form of Phal. Cornings Violet. Only 2 plants 1014 ONC. PAPILLIO —The Butterfly Orchid Please add $6.00 postage and handling. Above prices in U.S. Dollars. JUNGLE GEMS, INC. 300 Edgewood Road, Edgewood MD 21040 U.S.A. MasterCard/Visa LUGARNO ORCHID CO PTY LTD Proprietor: B.C. & J.E. Schwartz 1178 Forest Road, Lugarno 2210 Phone 53 9708 MERICLONES Cymbidiums — Cattleyas Miniature Cymbidiums — Dendrobiums DIVISIONS Cattleyas — Cymbidiums.— Paphs Phalaenopsis — Japanese Dendrobiums A repeat of Mt Sylvans available April-May, together with Mt Sylvan ‘Snow White Earl’ Imperials for those who missed out. (VERY LIMITED) We ar currently reducing Cymbidium stock. Many 50% off. Showbench & Export. Top varieties. Many in spike. LARGE STOCKS OF PHALAENOPSIS AND CATTLEYA COMPOTS. Sylvia Fry crosses available, also large range of Cattleya Seedlings designed to give Award Shape and Colour Expectancy. ny SliPSON STOCKISTS G& B FLASKING MEDIAS SPECIALISING IN Aust. Natives & Hybrids, Sarcoc- chilus, cool growing Aust. dendro- biums and imported mini cymbidiums. Flasks of many genera including species ready to deflask now. New exclusive 4 x 5 Flasks. 4 dif- ferent groups of 5 plants in 1 flask Please send stamp for free list. 46 Wentworth St, Toowoomba QId 4350 Phone (076) 35 1948 MARYBOROUGH DISTRICT ORCHID SOCIETY QUEENSLAND ENDORSED BICENTENNIAL SHOW — 5-8 AUGUST 1988 Admission Free Floral arrangements, orchid corsages, plants on sale Box 389, MARYBOROUGH 4650 Ph. (071) 22 2236 ALL WELCOME Paphiopedilum liemianum Cymbidiums of WS fakimebbow SINGESIO2S PANAMA RED AELOIRNZ AD. V.O.C. A.O.C. 1987 12” LEAF LENGTH PLANTS $25 EACH INCL. POSTAGE Our 1988 short list of selected Community pot Cymbidium seedlings are now available. HODGINS ORCHIDS P.O. BOX 108 FRANKSTON 3199 PHONE (03) 787 5554 24 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 Paphiopedilum chamberlainianum. The problem that initially faced us was the frequency of re-potting which was not Only very labour intensive but also can be quite costly. The problem of having to repot seedlings every 8-10 months €came too much, especially when one also has to flask. For this reason live Sphagnum moss was tested and now after & well researched programme, results are better than we could have expected. Initially the venture was undertaken with some trepidation. Although results for all the subgenera have been excellent, the cochlopetalum find the sphagnum very much to their liking. Sphagnum has 4 natural PH of 5.5-5.7, the range under Which slippers thrive. The frequency of Watering is reduced compared with the bark based composts and if fertilised with Inorganic fertilisers (as under our con- ditions) the sphagnum grows after some -8 weeks, carpeting the tops of the pots. Note! If using sphagnum as a potting medium do not pack it tight as this Testricts air flow with subsequent root loss. Repotting is now restricted only to When the plant outgrows the pot. One problem that does eventuate is if you have poor water (ie salt content more than 300ppm). Water impurities plus fertiliser additions must be below the nominated figure. We do still use our other mix for some of the species as they are better flowered with dryer condition in the winter. The bark based compost consists of 2 parts sphagnum, 2 parts expanded clay, 4 parts pine bark. Temperature of our plants is held as close as possible to a maximum of 28°C in the summer and a minimum of 10°C in the winter. Shading is achieved by 80 per cent black shade- cloth with a 20 per cent marix® liner inside the glasshouse. This serves a two- fold purpose — (1) restricts unwanted light (2) insulates the glasshouse. This percentage of shading give opti- mum light conditions as is evidenced by the amount of growth and flowering obtained. Good Growing @ Wilton Paphiopedilum Research Collection. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 ‘‘Double U”’ Orchids Specialising in seedlings and FLASKS of the very latest in Australian Native Dendrobium and Sarcochilus Hybrids. Please send S.A.E. for Lists 71 Wesley Street, Elanora Heights, NSW, 2101 Telephone (02) 913 9438 INDIANA ORCHIDS SPECIALISING IN Cattleya, Dendrobiums, Onc. Alliance, Intergenerics and Miltonias. Please write for free listing 28 LLOYD STREET, SOUTH TWEED HEADS GOLD COAST N.S.W. 2486 Phone (075) 54 3166 Our special offer for you 1. Cultivated Thai species 2. Interesting integeneric hybrids 3. Vanda and Assocenda hybrids 4. Semi-terete vandaceous hybrids 5. Dendrobium hybrids Write now for our new free price list 1988 and our additional colourful catalogue pages. If not, please send US$5 for our |. catalogue and receive US$5 coupon for redemption with your first order. Please, send all payments only by registered letters! 25 | | | | | | | | | | ] | NEVINS NURSERY Roy & Jacqueline Down (props.) 413 MULGRAVE RD, CAIRNS PHONE (070) 54 1201 CATTLEYAS DENDROBIUMS PHALAENOPSIS SAE FOR LIST D.N.& L. ORCHIDS MAROOCHYDORE ROAD, | km Off Bruce Highway, South of Nambour, Queensland. (Turnoff just before Big Pineapple). POSTAL ADDRESS: PO Box 613, NAMBOUR, QUEENSLAND 4560. Phone: (071) 42 1660. WE HAVE A VERY COMPREHENSIVE VARIETY OF SEEDLINGS AND NEAR FLOWERING-SIZED PLANTS OF CATTLEYAS, DENDROBIUMS, ASCO- VANDAS, ONCIDIUMS and other general from smallest to larger plants. SOME MERICLONES IN MOST OF THE PLANTS: — NEW STOCK COMING CONSTANTLY. OPEN SIX DAYS FROM 9 AM to 5PM, CLOSED TUESDAYS [at al te stated Cee es ORCHID EXPO 88 eee ae pM Ss ee a ee ee ORCHID EXPO’88 — that ‘Show and Conference By the Sea’ that all Australia is talking about! Thank you for beign so imaginative in visualising just how wonderful it will be to relax in such a perfect holiday atmos- phere at the well-appointed Cultural Centre in Caloundra City on our beauti- ful Sunshine Coast. Your response to the invitation by the Sub-Tropical orchid Council Queens- land, Inc. to join with us in celebrating Australia’s Bicentennial at Orchid Expo *88 (one of the top ten of Australia’s non- Government funded projects) has been so fantastic and encouraging that we look forward, with zeal, to celebrate this great event with all orchid fanciers and growers, at our Show and Conference to be held in the Civic Cultural Centre, Caloundra City on September 8 to 12, 1988. Anybody knowing the venue will agree how fortunate we are to be staging this event under the one roof. The two main FOXFIRE ORCHIDS If you are not on our current mailing list, please do drop us a line and we will be pleased to forward you our Cymbidium seedling flask list. PETER ROCHFORT PO BOX 247, BROADWAY, NSW, AUSTRALIA 2007 Phone 427 2575 (BH) 26 872 1651 (AH after 7 pm) halls and foyer will be filled with orchids — native species and hybrids; exotic species and hybrids; all those rare and distinctive “*odd-bods”’ — just imagine — the mind boggles. To date over 60 displays have been booked. The centre of the main hall will feature the display by the 11 Affiliated Societies of the S.T.0.C.Q. Inc. in a “walk-through garden setting”’. No one should miss the opportunity to see the beauty of our native orchids at the special slide programme (which will ve free and open to the public) in the lecture theatre at designated times, presented by expert photographer, Mr Bill Alcorn. There will be flower stalls to tempt you; souvenirs; plant sales; you may even be lucky with the raffles. We could go on and on. The number of Registrants, to date, is so very encouraging, with large contingents from new Zealand, as well as representa- tions from the USA, Asia, and all states of Australia. The Social activities planned for the Conference include evenings of special interest to our visitors, and the oppor- tunity to see some of the area’s beautiful tourist locations. All venues for the functions are unique — The “Sunshine Plantation” for the Gala Banquet and Prize Presentation; the “Mary Cairn- cross’ Park — Bar-B-Que, with views of the fascinating Glasshouse Mountains, and the Mystern Night Farewell Func- tion — also a special time to make friends. Lectures will be provided by outstand- ing personalities — Mr Syd Wray of Whangarei, N.Z. — “Oncidium Inter- generics’ — Has been growing orchids for approximately 27 years and has diversed more widely into the Oncidium Intergenerics over the last 8 years. Mr Jack W. Woltmon of Wahiawa, Hawaii — ‘“Hybridizing Miniature Orchids” — First grew orchids 31 years ago; hybridized his first orchid in 1980 and to date has registered some 75 crosses. Mr George Vasquez of Malibu, Cal. — “Unique Patterns and Colours in Phalaenopsis Hybrids Today’ — has devoted his life, from an early age, to orchids, and is a professional in his field. Mrs Marjorie Purnell of Beaconsfield, North Mackay, Queensland — ‘Cera- AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 Come & Visit !!! ORCHID 20334 OO BB AcHip 2 CALOUNDRA CITY 8th to 12th September 1988 Open to Public from 9th September 1988 SUPERB COLLECTION of native & exotic orchids competing for GRAND CHAMPION Prize of $1000. INTERNATIONAL SHOW & CONFERENCE EXDO 88 Full Conference Programme — Lectures, Tours, Functions. For more information contact — D. Mitchell MS 956 FLAXTON 4560 Phone (071) 45 7334 tobium Dendrobiums — The Antelope Orchids” — has had a long life affiliated with “Antelope Orchids” and is still mad on Ceratobes’’. Can teach us a lot. Mr Don Gallagher of Highbury South Australia — ‘“Cymbidiums” — This lecutre will be of great interest to all ymbidium growers and lovers. Don will Show slides of the latest awarded blooms and plants which will be well received. Mr Norito Hasegawa of Anaheim, Cal — is an ever-popular speaker at any Mr John Miller of Anaheim, Cal. — “Setting the Stage for Tomorrow’s halaenopsis”” — who regards his return to Australia more as a home coming than = visit. Always very interesting to listen O. Mr Len Lawler of Atherton, North Queensland — ‘Native Orchids of Tropical Queensland” — Who better qualified to present a paper on Native Orchids than Len who is currently engaged in a5 Year Project to survey the Orchids of North Queensland. Dr Noel Grundon of Toowoomba, Queensland — “Orchids and Fungi — Some good some bad’ — is a Senior Research Officer with the Department of Agriculture, University of Queensland, St Lucia. Noel’s “talks” are always well Teceived, and this one promises to be a Very interesting topic. orchid conference, and we feel sure all Paphiopedilum lovers will be looking forward to his lecture sessions. There will also be a special forum for Phalaenopsis growers hosted in the lecture theatre by Mr Bob Gordon. Growers will be given the opportunity to discuss their problems. A great chance to hear some cultural hints from a specialist. Bob will also be releasing his new book on Advanced Phal. Culture Techniques — ‘Phalaenopsis Culture: A Worldwide Survey” at the Conference, and will be guest speaker at the Gala Banquet on Saturday Night, September 10, 1988. Registrants should note that the regis- tration and hospitality desk at the Civic Cultural Centre, Caloundra City, will be open — Tuesday September 6 8am- 10pm; Wednesday September 7, 8am- 10pm; Thursday September 8, 8am- 10pm; Friday September 9, 8am-9pm; Saturday September 10, 8am-Spm. Conference satchels, tickets, etc can be collected from there. If you would like to attend Orchid Expo °88 or would like to make further enquiries, please write to: Mrs D. M. Mitchell, MS 956, Flaxton. Via Nambour, 4560. Aust. Phone (071) 45 7344. We would love to welcome you to Orchid Expo’88, so don’t say “I’m sorry I missed it’!! Register Now @ AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 E_ g PPP LILI LI LOI RL OIL G*GNG Automatic Humidity for Small to Y Medium-size Glasshouses. _ Self. automatic level control. FREE BROCHURE ON REQUEST PARADE ORCHIDS PO Box 11 Highbury, South Australia 5089 Phone: Nursery (08) 380 5142 water BRAZILIAN ORCHIDS AND BROMELIADS Plants and Seeds CATALOG No. 80 offers around 3,000 true- to-name different ORCHIDS and BROMELIADS, and contains nearly 400 illustrations (also in color), will be sent for US$2.00, or US$4.00 if wished by Air mail. Payments exclusively by cash, or cheque payable in NEW YORK, by any bank. We supply also seeds of PHILODENDRUM, PALMS AND OTHER FOLIAGE PLANTS AND HAVE GUARANTEED SINCE 1906 our products. ALVIM SEIDEL Orquideario Catarinense PO Box 1, 89280 CORUPA, Sta. Catarina. Brazil. GALLUP & STRIBLING INTERNATIONAL Prestige Through Quality We are offering in limited quantities some of our best Paphiopedilum breeding plants. We also are offering Paphiopedilum flasks Phalaenopsis stems & flasks Write for our free list today. Gallup & Stribling International 3450 Via Real, Carpinteria, CA 93013. 805-684-5456 A NEW LOOK CYMBIDIUM FROM NZ Firevieux ‘Hadfield Triply”’ AD OSNZ SALTWATER CREEK NURSERY Prop. Lea & Marguerite Rampton Hervey Bay Road, MS. 236, Maryborough, Queensland Australia 4650 Telephone (071) 21 5737 Fax (071) 23 1725 Importers and Exporters of Quality — Cattleya - Dendrobiums - Vandas - Ascocenda - Laboratory Facilities - Cut Flowers Beginners special. All 7 plants below for just $25.00 or just list your preferences, we have a large range of orchids to choose from. You may wish a mixture of Cattleyas or all Dendrobiums. We have the latest crosses from overseas. Trust our choice. D.C.K.Al. “OKA” M/C D. YOUPPADEEWAN ‘BLUE’ M/C D. QUEEN COBRA M/C V. BANGYIKHAN BLUE M/C C. BATALINII X C. BABY KAY ONC. BARBIE ‘STRAWBERRY DELIGHT M/C POT. KATHY DEGENTHART X C. MOSCOMBE ‘GRACE’ PLEASE ADD $6.000 POSTAGE AND HANDLING FEE. First Australian release of a most attractive freak Sepals are red and petals are cream with red spots on edges. Orders will be taken in rotation $10 each tube size only. Our usual range of showbench orchids also available from $3.50 Send S.AE. for new listings. W & B Crouch, Cymbidium Orchids, 129 Austin Road, Seaford 3198 Phone (03) 786 3428 Please mention Orchid Review ORCHID ENTERPRISES PO Box 2398, Southport, Qld. 4215 PHONE: (075) 53 1924 FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones Cattleyas - Softcanes - Hardcanes Mandaceousk Odont. alliance - pecies KEIKIGROW PRODUCTS — we are the SOLE Australian agents for Keikigrow Products of Canada. Keikigrow - Stoprot and Rootgrow in stock- 7.5cc at $12.50 Post Paid Send stamp for our current listings. lv’s Great, It’s ‘Bloomin’ Great Aussie \Give It A Go Mate, It’s \ Bark from POLWOOD PTY. LTD. (PRODUCERS OF TREATED PINE BARK) Saltwater Creek Nursery, Vv MS. 236, Maryborough, Q. 4650 Quality quaranteed, boiled and limed. Ph neutral. Impurities removed, Telephone (071) 215737 Fax: (071) 23 1725. chunky, and long lasting. No need to soak in nutrients and Fungicides, it is ready for instant use. 4 grades available, single bags over 2 cft. For more information call Saltwater Creek Nursery. Ph (071) 21 5737, or call your nearest agent, they will be glad to be of service to you. Discounts for quantity. AGENTS: BRISBANE. Humpybong Nursery, 38 Collins Street, ees Qld. 4019. Ph noe. ee. 3283. BRISBANE Cabbage ee Mie Bill Twine, 3 Hickson eee (07) 26 08. BRISBANE Graham & Mary Cook, 9 Eynsford St, Carina, Ph aE 38: ' Betoaiocs wigs rence & GATOR Supplies, (Graham & Barry) 108 Bailey Fa, Deception Bay i BUNDABERG. Noames Orchid See 32 Esplanade, Elliot Heads. 4670. Ph (071) 79 6208. i BOWEN Riverdale Orchid Nursery, M. J. Edgerton, Bootooloo Rd, Bowen 4805. Ph(077) 852170 (086) 54 atari UR Banana Coast Nursery (Sandy Andersen) Hearns Lake Rd, Woolgoolga Ph } LADSTONE Hyne & Son Bia Cnr. Side & Yaroon Streets, Gladstone. ae (OFA) 72 1555. GYMPIE Bard ecie 12 Widgee Wessel Road, Gympie: Ph (071) 82 2 Sure see Nursery, Allan & Dorothy schnefski, Nerang iBebarbeech Rd, Seat Ph (075) 58 GOODNA Bauhinia Heigh ts Nursery, Bob Mann, 10 Gramby Siti, Goodna Ph (07) 814 4833 cee ea ae nnn A, HERVEY BAY Yallaroo Nursery, Gordon Cook, Maryborough Rd Pialba Ph ko) 28 1526 IPSWICH Trevor Grewar, 27 Nolan Street, Raceview. 4508 Ph (072) 81 9619. Privemas oeos and Orchids & Foliage Plants, Bob Wilson, 13 Ellis Road, Alstonville NAMBOUR Graham & Beryl Robertson, MS 1096, Blackall Range ee See Ph(071)421913 SYDNEY USTRALIA Orchids, 38 Engadine Avenue, Engadine Ph (02 SNES Grin A Barry Bailey, 5 Taunton Avenue, Enfield. OAS. PhO (8) 262 2620. E tambeorde Mountain Orchids, 158 Long Be Eagle Heights. Ph (075) 45 1303. TUMBLUMB! Joba Orchids, John & Elaine Bodycoat, Lot 2, Hansens Rd, Tumbi Umbi. NSW TOWNSVILLE. Keiths Nursery, 26 Gorari St, Idalia, Townsville 4810. Ph (077) 78 2472 28 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 en ee nnen Se ee ——————————— ee Florafest Orchids | John Woolf (Manager) P.O. Box 7011, TOOWOOMBA, 4352 TELEPHONE (076) 30 1102 — A.H. (076) 34 2953 LABORATORY AND NURSERY OPEN BY APPOINTMENT ANNOUNCING A NEW SERVICE TO ORCHID GROWERS! Florafest will deflask and “harden off’ for several months any flasks you may choose! We suffer any losses and you are guaranteed plants ready to be potted on. This service only costs an additional $7.50 per flask. @ @ ORCHID CONFERENCE SPECIALS @ e Buy 6 flasks & get 1 free! OR buy 10 flasks & get 2 free! All flasks $15 each (Seedlings 10-15 plants @ Mericlones 5-7 plants) This same offer extends to any flasks you may wish deflashed and “hardened off’ by us for an extra $7.50 per ask 1106 Sar. Cecilae ‘Jill’ x No. 3’ Large robust plants carrying large deep pink blooms 1211 Sar. Mavis ‘Upton’ x fitzgeraldii ‘80% Red’ Looking for a full red flower — these should go very close 1212 Sar. Fitzhart (fitzgeraldii x hartmanii) Fine full white flowers should result from this crossing 1220 Den. King Rose (Bardo Rose x kingianum ‘Dark’ Soft pink blooms with good shape 1389 Den. Hilda Poxon A remake using the best clones available in the Maroochydore area 1513 Den. pugioniforme x speciosum var. grandiflorum Very unusual cross looking for green flowers 1324 L cinnabarina x self Large bright Orange/Red blooms 1429 Bic. Bouton D’Or ‘Lewis’ x Bic. Malworth ‘Orchidglade’ Should result in superb yellows 1432 C. Porcia ‘Canizaro’ x (Ctna. Keith Roth x Lc. Pirate King) Superb new crossing. Shapely dark blooms. 1437 C. Summer Stars x Highlight ‘Angel Wings’ Excellent whites with good substance. 1495 Soph. cocinea x Lc Rojo Compact orange/red blooms. Good sprays. 1498 Soph. coccinea x Wendy's Valentine ‘June’ Compact growing super reds. 1598 Blc. Fortune “Golden Throne’ x C. Hawaian Fantasy ‘Dora’ Cream to gold with flares. 1604 Slc. Kauai Starbright ‘Vi’ x Blc. Calvins Choice ‘Capricorn’ Great clusters of yellow to orange blooms. 1618 Bic. Kitty Crocker ‘Yellow Doll’ x Blc. Orange Nugget ‘Kadooka’ Medium sized yellow to orange flowers. 1636 L sincorana x Soph. coccinea Absolutely superb large blooms on small plants. 1637 C. (Penny Kuroda x Luteola) x Soph. brevipedunculata No. 1 Miniature plants with large blooms 1638 Slc. Little Hazel Super mini Hazel Boyd type. 1639 Sc. Carol Lynn ‘Nakabayashi’ (Mericlone) Bright cerise blooms. Miniature plants. 1651 Sc. batemanniana x S. Red Doll Bright reds most with splashes. Compact. 1654 Sic. Hazel Boyd ‘Red Mystery x C. intermedia Aquinii ‘Sao Paulo’ Splash petaled blooms of excellent shape. 1663 Sic. Tangerine Jewell ‘Vi’ x Blc. Orange Nuggett Very nice red to orange flowers on compact plants 8106 Cym. Trigo Royale ‘Ridgeway x Clarisse Austin ‘Bimerah’ Upright sprays of delicate pink flowers. 8131 Cym. Volcano ‘Menahue’ x Wallara ‘Golden Glow A good chocolate carrying many flowers crossed with a good gold 8157 Cym (Worona x Sensation) ‘Rising Sun’ x Clarisse Austin Excellent orange to red. Good shape. 8269 Cym. (Atro-purpureum x canali culatum ‘Sparkesii’) x devonianum Unlimited potential. Exciting cross. Warm growing! 1147 Den. unicum (Syn. Den. arachnites) Vivid Orange blooms on miniature plants (Softcane type) 1193 Den. Sensation ‘Rothwell x (Zilzie Velvet x Hickham Deb) Very floriforous deep velvety purples of excellent quality 1194 Den. Autumn Show ‘Caitlin’ x Cool Lady ‘The Bay Top crossing for exhibition whites and bicolours 1197 Den. Zilzie Beauty ‘Kathleen’ HCC/AOC QOS NMQOC x self Selfing of an awarded mid purple of excellent quality 1189 Lyc. Koolena ‘Jessie’ x(Koolena v superba ‘Red’ x Koolena ‘Avalon’) Looking for excellent quality reds. Very productive. 1747 Epi. Bees Knees x Enc. cochleatum Very interesting novelty cross. 0941 Onc. (Persian market x Golden Sunset ‘Taka’) Multicoloured red x white with red spots. 1250 Brassia Rex x Odm. crispum Results should be similar to Tahoma Glacier 1251 Wil. Spaceman x B Santa Ynez Colourful Brassidum type blooms 1267 Onc. (Little Chickadee x Sunset Fort) x St. Ruth A large mauve with yellow centre crossed with large bright yellow 1460 Onc. varicosum ‘Lemfords’ AM/AOS x self A selfing of this fine variety 1468 Odcm. Solana x Oda. Enchanson ‘Orange’ Top orange coloured Odontoglossums 1487 Odm. bictoniense x Onc. Varimyre A green and brown Odontoglossum with mauve lip crossed with large yellow Oncid 1642 Onc. Loki Lani ‘Strawberry (Mericlone) Shapley light red. Recent Import. 1643 Onc. Lokelani ‘Paprika’ (Mericlone) Dark paprika colours. Good shape. 1645 Onc. Barbie ‘Strawberry Delight’ (Mericlone) One of the best multi coloured reds. 1646 Onc. Potpourii ‘Kelly (Mericlone) A delightful potpourri of colours. 1735 Onc. (Mirra x Nonamyre) x (Nonamyre x Sundance) Cool growing good Varicosum type. Could be some spotting. 1736 Onc. (Mirra x Nonamyre) x Nonamyre x Coreen) Cool growing good Varicosum type of good shape. 1742 Onc. Sundance ‘Nonamyre’ x Coreen Cool growing good Varicosum type. Very fast growing. 1743 Onc. Sundance ‘Nonamyre’ x Sundance Well shaped varicosum type. Cool growing. AIR FREIGHT (Door to door) $9.00 Extra — Send a Stamp for a full plant & flask listing. All plants sent Bare Root... Offer closes 30th September 1988 Mail Order Specialists — Satisfaction Guaranteed — Commercial flasks available on request Florafest ... A festival of living colour! Start Planning now for the Toowoomba Orchid Spectacular & Conference 89 To be held in Toowoomba “The Garden City’ during the Carnival of Flowers 17th — 24th September 1989 hosted bv the Toowoomba Orchid Societv. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 29 BAY VIEW ORCHIDS 440 Pine Ridge Road, Coombabah Gold Coast Queensland 4216 Telephone (075) 37 2964 SPECIALISING IN: LESURE TE SE is CATTLEYAS, SOFTCANES, ONCIDIUM ALLIANCE 90% of our plants are produced from our laboratory SAE FOR CURRENT LIST We cater for Society Tours by prior arrangement. 3 TIER BENCH SEE THE REST, THEN BUY THE BEST CY Knitted Shadecloth e Glasshouses @ Fibreglass @ Shadehouses 3 @ Water pipe @ Plant benches red @ Downee fittings e Barrows ss (Crilite- Crititls @ Glasshouse paint e Trolleys @ Glazing bars @ Propagation trays Australian & New ® Horticultural Glass e Potting trays g Guinea species @ Solarweave & e Weed control mat antelopes and their Visqueen Plastic SHADEHOUSE hybrids. Specialising films in Den lasianthera = breeding and Y hybrids. Seedlings ' to flowering size SAE for catalogues. SEED, Phone or Write for FREE Catalogue &) A.D. SPRING MFG.°™ 154 BELLEVUE PARADE, CARLTON, N.S.W. 2218 ALL PHONE ENQUIRIES (02) 5461376 @ (02) 546 7807 Marj Purnell 6 Holmes Drive, Beaconsfield, North Mackay, Queensland 4741. Telephone (079) 42 1546 CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS Over 120 TOP LINE export quality flowers in a wide range of colours. Priced from $6. Abbreviations: Plants 12-20cm. Leaf length (P), Bulb & lead (B.&L.), flowering size (F.S.) These are the latest showbench varieties, for complete list .A.E. pore sats STANDARD CYMBIDIUMS ARCADIAN SUNRISE GOLDEN FLEECE HCC, Lovely bold yellow June flOWe reer GG eee pene? 3 Es HIGHLAND MIST JAYNE — Beautiful show winning September green ......--..++--+222serrrerteresstees . apcrte0 MELINGA HIGHBURY — Lovely June green, yellow lip ........-..-+s+e+e e+ Bee done fost carey oupeRUNednaaen fae eS st SLEEPING BEAUTY X MELINGA SUNRAY — Sah eth good commercial .....-..-..-++++ssssseeeees B&LS Se STANLEY FOURAKER X BALTIC LONE STAR-TOP Class white, good COMIMElClal bitte mereteceitesten ee coco tena meta a catia STANLEY FOURAKER X PEARL BEL Dwar growing standard, perfect shaped white......--...--+ss0esssreeseeeec tenes: P. $8 MINIATURE & INTERMEDIATE CYMBIDIUMS AKIBA KAGAYAKI — 18 early yellow blooms on erect spike, yellow lip, good texture ............-. eee eee eee eee eee eee P.$7 ALICE WILLIAMS X LUNAGRAD ‘GREEN TOWER’ 40 early green blooms on upright spike, creamy lip..... B.& L. $13 P. $8 BINGO SANTA BARBARA — Attractive pink, perfect spike habit .............. 06. e cece cece eee eee eee eee eee B.& L. $13 P. $8 CORONA (RUBY EYES X FIREWHEEL) — Golden yellow, vivid red lip........... 2+. sees eee eee cence erence eee B.& L. $11 P. DELIGHT — 34 beautiful soft orange brown blooms, pendulous Spike .......... 0... cece eee eee eee eee B.& L.$11 P. EXCALIBAR ROSANNA — Top quality white bloom, faint pink flush, good shape ........... 6. e eect eee cette eee ees FUSS MELVA — Well shaped red brown, 14 blooms on upright spike ..........- 6... cece eect ee eens . : GAWAINE HANE — Upwards of 30 Hbaetils BIGOMSTONIUDLIGH TES PI KG ieecrtercte encanto ots: memntenememenntareterreetsney, ereeee nee GEORGIE GIRL VALENTINES DAY HCC — Delightful orange DIOOM ......... 0. cee cece cece eee eee eee . ; INASA — (LANCELOT X SENSATION) — very early pink, tall upright Spike .......... 2... ee eee eee cence eee eee ees IVY FUNG RADIANCE — good deep show winning red, best of Ivy FungS ............ eee eee eee teen eee eee eee eee eens JACK FROST MIYOYO — Lovely white May flower, good upright Spike ............ 00. eee eee eee KING ARTHUR SIR LAMERACK — Lime green red lipped flower and good parent . KING ARTHUR VAR. SUPER — LSuperb early yellow on tall upright Spike ......... 2... eee eee eects P. MIRESSA — delightful yellow green miniature on tall erect Spike .......- 1... cece eee eee eee cette i OHKUBO OKI — Many early green blooms on tall erect spike, red lip ....... 6... cece eee eee eee teen ees RANCHERRY No. 3 — 3-25 very early deep reddish pink blooms on upright spike RUBY HEART — 18-20 early well shaped pink blooms, tall upon SPIKE RT Me A ees tee Senet pert. ees TACHIBANA — Lovel Sy green, white lip, numerous blooms ..........------+-e+ee eee WAKAKUSA X SENSATION — Over 20 early pink blooms, beautiful lip, erect spike XMAS GREEN X LUNAGRAD — numerous early yellow green flowers, upright .........-..6.0ee eee e eee eee These healthy mericlones are forwarded bare-rooted by air, rail or express mail. CASH WITH ORDER, Packaging & delivery [PEC (door to door Ihese healthy mericlones are forwarded bare-rooted by air, rail or express mail. CASH WITH ORDER, Packaging & delivery IPEC (door to door delivery) anywhere in Australia parcels up to 10kg. $20 (N.S.W. only $15) — SKY ROAD EXPRESS (door to door delivery) all states in Australia Parcels up to 3kg. $8 Air Mail (over 500 gms.) from $11 Ordinary mail N.S.W. $5. The Orchid Factory 9 Royal Place, Bardwell Park, N.S.W. 2207 P.O. Box 46, BEXLEY, N.S.W. 2207 Phone (02) 59 2395 30 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 ELEVENTH AUSTRALIAN ORCHID CONFERENCE SYDNEY 18th to 25th September 1988 FESTIVAL ON THE VILLAGE GREEN Some Festival! Some Village! Some Green! The Eleventh Australian Orchid Con- ference Show just grew and grew until it Promised to be so large that there was no Suitable venue for it, even in Australia’s largest city. A very satisfactory solution was found. The show will be held in a large marquee to be erected in the Sydney Domain — Part of the magnificent Royal Botanic Gardens. The show will be held in Conjunction with Sydney’s annual “Spring in the Gardens” festival, complete with bands, banners, stalls, and all the atmosphere of the fair. The setting is ideal. The timing is right. The Royal Botanic Gardens, located on beautiful Sydney Harbour, will be at their springtime best. The widest Possible range of orchids will be on display. An extensive variety of native and €xotic orchids is grown in the temperate Climate of the area and the many local orchid societies have, for 40 years or so, taken great pride in their displays. This Show will feature displays from country and interstate societies as well as from Overseas. The competition at this very Special show will be intense. The conference will feature Australian Native Orchids, and this will be reflected In the conference show. Great strides have been made by hybridists of Australian Native Orchids during recent years and the results of this will be well in evidence. Whilst two full days of the conference will be devoted to original papers Covering a wide range of orchid topics, the opening speakers, on Wednesday Morning, will deal with Australian Native Orchids. These speakers and their topics will be Mark Clements: “Australian Native Orchids over 200 years’; Mr Les Nesbitt: “Australian Terrestrial Orchids’ and Mr David Banks: “Recent Developments in Hyb- ndisation of Australian Native Orchids”. Speaking of speakers, so to speak, Dr Phillip Cribb, from Kew, has recently Completed classifying the paphiopedilum Species and we shall learn quite a lot from his paper: “Paphiopedilum species — an Overview”. Dr Cribb has also agreed to be the after-dinner speaker at the banquet on Thursday evening. He is an entertain- ing and knowledgeable speaker The other speakers are also well qualified in their various fields. These include: Dr Julian Coker: “‘ Viruses”; Mr Alan Merriman: “Biological Control ina Commercial Cymbidium Nursery”; Mrs Karen Tickner: “Hybridising between Sections of the Genus Dendrobium”; Mr John Miller (USA): “Phalaenopsis — Contemporary Breeding”; Mr Ned Nash (USA): “American Cattleyas for Aus- tralian Tastes”; Mr Ross Maidment: “Tissue Culture’; and Mr. Andy Easton (NZ): “The Ultra Earlies. Cymbidiums that flower by May Ist”. Evenings need never be dull in cosmo- politan Sydney with its many world-class restaurants, theatres and other places of entertainment. Just to get the party going, however, registrants will have an oppor- tunity to get together at the Cocktail Party on Monday evening. Don’t miss the organised social evening on Tuesday and the grand banquet on Thursday evening. There is just so much to be seen around the Sydney area that the conference organisers have put together a number of tours, chosen for variety and interest. Apart from seeing the sights, tours provide an unsurpassed vehicle for socialising and cementing friendships. Time is running out. The Eleventh Australian Orchid Con- ference is only a few months away. * It is the big one. % Itis the official Australian Conference endorsed by The Australian Orchid Council and the Australian Bicen- tennial Authority. * Itis Australia’s Bicentennial Orchid Festival. * It will all happen in Sydney from September 18th to 25th, 1988. The conference has already attracted many registrants — local, overseas and interstate. These are assured of a con- ference which they will remember. Why not join them? The conference secretary, Alan Alvis, can be reached at 5 Knocklayde Street, Ashfield, 2131, Australia. You can telephone him on (02) 797 7329. Alan will be pleased to provide full details @ AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 LABELS TET Per100 Qty White From left to right L1545 Utility label 90mm long (312”) $4.45 sf L1546 Flower pot label 125mm (5”) ’ $5.65 L1549 Tie on stake label $5.55 L1547 Display label 125mm x 66mm (5” x 2%”) $21.15 L1548 Marker label $5.55 SQUAT POTS Plastic Black or T/C Round 50mm 80mm 100mm 115mm 125mm 140mm 165mm 170mm Prices on application Plus delivery (pots only) MAXIGROP 5 lite........... $27 PHOSTROGEN Buckets.... $39 AUST WIDE DELIVERY (FREE) SHADECLOTH 50m Len., WOVEN x 1.83m GREEN BLACK N1586 32% 109.84 N1588 50% 103.67 N1589 50% 109.84 N1591 70% 114.06 N1592 70% 121.30 N1595 80% 154.44 N1594 80% 169.37. N1596 92% 219.38 FREIGHT: ADD $7 per roll Sizes 50m len, WOVEN x 3.66m GREEN BLACK N15995 50% 209.94 N15996 50% 197.08 N15998 70% 235.00 N15997 70% 220.45 N167041 80% 276.13 FREIGHT ADD $7 per roll 50m len., KNITTED x 1.83m GREEN BLACK N15995 (50) 156.49 N1611 (50) 154.17 N 1616 (70) 170.05 N1615 (70) 168.75 N16167 (80) 213.52 N16165 (80) 206.12 FREIGHT ADD $7 per roll Orders To: BERRYS NURSERY SUPPLIES P.O. Box 389 Strathpine Q, 4500 (07) 205-5022 Unit 4, Stanton House, Southpine Road, Strathpine Q, 4500 (07) 205-5022 BANKCARD ACCEPTED 31 VJ i Sega | @ BGA WE 35 Hardy's Road, Mudgeerab Queensland 4213. Phone (075) 30 5193 FOR QUALITY FLASKS HOBBY FLASKS — Any 8 flasks delivered in Australia $115.00 SPECIES FLASKS $15 ea C. walkeriana ‘Jungle Queen’ mericlone 5pl. C. walkeriana coerulea ‘Patricia’ mericlone 5pl. L. pumila ‘Black Diamond’ mericlone 5pl. L. ancepts ‘Sanderiana’ x self — blue 10 pl. C. intermedia ‘Inorata’ x self — semi alba 10 pl. L. purpurata ‘The Queen’ x Crowthers var. 10 pl. Den. antennatum ‘Matupi Green’ x self Den. ruppianum x self Paph. fowliei x self Phal. amabilis ‘formosana’ x self 5 pl. PHALAENOPSIS SEEDLING FLASKS 6-8 pl. $15 ea Phal. George Moler ‘Flamenco’ x Dtps. Happy Valentine — pink Phal. Sarah Loeb x Phal Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ — pink Dtps. Odoriko x Phal. Gentle Thoughts — white/red lip Phal. Joseph Hampton ‘Dianne’ x P. (Joseph Hampton x Muriel Turner) — white hal. Musashino x P. (Hamaoka x Mariposang Puti) — white Phal. Fun Time x P. Orglades White Rock — white PAPHIOPEDILUM SEEDLING FLASKS 5-6 pl. $15 ea. Paph. Sheila Hanes ‘Yellow Gold x Botan ‘Priscilla’ Paph. Grand Canyon x Amberwave) Winston Churchill ‘Indomitable’ Paph. (Bandarella x Sarella) x Revelstoke ‘Maybrook’ Paph. Jackie Graham ‘Northbridge’ x Amanda ‘Firebird’ Paph. fairrieanum x Paph. callosum NATIVES SEEDLING FLASKS 10-12 pl. $15 ea Den. gracillicaule x tetragonum Giganteum Den. gracillimum x tetragonum Giganteum Den. pugioniforme x speciosum ‘Grandiflorum’ Den. tetragonum giganteum x Hastings Den. Peach Glow ‘Mavis’ x Golden Fleck Den. ruppianum x self Den. kingianum ‘Dolly x falcorostrum Den. speciosum ‘Doncaster x falcorostrum Den. teretifolium x aemulum Many other genera available in clones and seedlings, send for list COMMERCIAL FLASKS Cattleya seedlings 35 plants — $30 ea. 6 flasks delivered $150 Lc. Persepolis ‘Splendor x Blc. Shellie Compton ‘Touch of Class’ Bc. Mount Anderson ‘Summit Snow x C. Earl ‘Imperialis’ FCC C. Summer Stars ‘May’ x C. Queen Sirikit ‘Diamond Crown’ Slc. Hazel Boyd ‘Redstone’ x Blc. range Nugget ‘Kadooka’ Bic. Living Gold ‘Summer Orange’ x Sic. Orglades Early Harvest Blc. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x Pot. Faye Janetta ‘Firebronze’ Slc. Hazel Boyd #50 x Ble. Alicia Golden Dawn Blc. Bouton D’Or ‘Lewis’ x Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ Bic. Bouton D’Or ‘Lewis’ x Bic. Malworth ‘Orchidglade’ C. J. A Carbone x Le. Chit Chat — Spinal blooms C. Christina Waglay x Blc. Waikiki Gold ‘Electrum’ Blc. (Acapana x Spanish Banks) x Blc. Lorraine Malworth ‘Miami’ Phalaenopsis Seedlings 30 plants — $35 ea. 6 flasks delivered $180 Phal. Miki Saito ‘White Blossom’ x Dtps. Lady Jewel ‘White King’ Phal. Texas Thunder x P. (Mount Kaala x Joseph Hampton) — white Phal. Dawn Hunter x P. Gladys Read ‘Snow Queen’ — white Phal. Winter Kaala x P. (Hamaoka x Mariposang Puti) — white Dtps. Odoriko #102 x Phal. Gentle Thoughts — white/red lip Phal. California Glow x P. Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ — pink Phal. Lippeglut ‘Pink Formal’ x P. Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ — pink Phal. Dawn Hunter x P. Blanca Grande — white ENCLOSE 37¢ STAMP ONLY FOR RETAIL OR COMMERCIAL LISTS NEW ZEALAND: (085) 3 2753, The Cattleya Sellers, RD2 Waluku, South Auckland. © fe ar BANKCARD — MASTERCARD — VISACARD WELCOME Please supply your name, card number and expiry date. 32 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 1987 ORCHID AWARDS Dear Sir, Seeing your endeavour to get a separate booklet of all the awarded plants of the growers failed because of lack of interest, why not have these plants published as a Centrefold in the A.O.R. with a small additional fee for that issue? (Name and address supplied, but withheld by request). Dear Orchid Review Subscriber, Unfortunately the President of the Australian Orchid Council, Mr Don Gallagher, declined my offer to publish the awards “free” in the A.O.R. — Autumn issue. We were prepared to absorb the additional colour separation costs to ensure valuable material was made available to our readers and orchid Judges. The Awards transparencies are the property of the Council and we cannot reproduce them without their permis- sion. You will be aware that we have provided two perpetual trophies on con- dition that the major awards appear on the A.O.R. front cover. Paul Kelly, Publisher. Dear Sir, I am currently working on a biography of the celebrated Australian orchidolo- gist, the Reverend H.M.R. Rupp (1872- 1956). Mr Rupp had a wide circle of botanical acquaintances whith whom he main- tained a vigorous correspondence. These letters are now of considerable historical and botanical significance and, of course, are quite crucial sources of biographical information. If any reader has, or knows of, some Rupp letters, or perhaps has personal anecdotes or other information relating to this interesting man, I would be pleased indeed to hear from him or her. If in addition, such a person would be prepared to agree to the copying, or even the outright donation of letters to the Rupp Papers in the Sydney Royal Botanic Gardens Library, then this too, would be welcome news. Clearly much has already been lost — for instance, no trace has been found of the enormous correspondence between Rupp and such correspondents as Dr R. S. Rogers of Adelaide, Dr Hugo Flecker of Cairns or Mrs Edith Coleman of Melbourne. But who knows what may turn up? Lionel Gilbert, 151 Brown Street, ARMIDALE, NSW, 2350. DENDROBIUM ANAANANNAAANNAANAAANAN AAAS AE ANANANAAAAANAAAANAAAANAANANAANANNAAAANAAAAND VANDACEOUS orchids from WY NMASFaviane 72 Mount Peter Road (Corner Mann Street and Mount Peter Road) Edmonton, North Queensland 4869 Please Phone (070) 55 4751 before visiting At the 12th World Orchid Conference, Tokyo, 1987 our private exhibit won 7 firsts & 7 second, including: BEST VANDA of show, SILUER MEDAL for our VANDA GORDON DILLON. CLASS 86 ASCDA.ARIBARG ‘KEVIN’ CLASS 102 doritis pulcherrima ‘yen’ CLASS 216 DEN. WHITE WINE LANA CLASS 222 DEN. HALO X D. GOLDEN HALO ‘LLOYD’ CLASS 221 DEN.LILY YANG X D. TOMIE ‘LLOYD’ CLASS 224 DEN. HALO X D. GOLDEN HALO ‘BRONZE’ CLASS 221 DEN. SUMMIT GOLD X D. LADY CHARM “DARKIE’ RED RIBBON Lee Ye DELCOCOR LITO ATLL CtLol ey pats wre Cocnree! A Passport tor ualty Write for our current list of FLASKS and COMMUNITY POTS of FUTURE SHOW AWAKD WINNERS of: NOW AVAILABLE our own FRESHLY PREPARED ORCHID CULTURE MEDIUM w nossy packs or BULK AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 CATTLEYAS BLUE RIBBON BLUE RIBBON BLUE RIBBON BLUE RIBBON BLUE RIBBON BLUE RIBBON PHALAENOPSIS NANANAANANNAAAANNANAAAAAAAAANAAAAAAAAAAN ANNNANNAAAAAAAAANAANAAAAAANAANAAAAAAAANNS uy w& AUSTRALIAN NATIVE TERRESTRIAL ORCHIDS Available as DORMANT TUBERS — November- February BARE ROOT PLANTS — May-August Easily grown species and hybrids from a range of genera including Acianthus, Caladenia, Chiloglottis, Corybas, Diuris, Microtis, Pterostylis and Thelymitra. Send SAE for listing and cultural notes ‘ L.T. & M.K. NESBITT 18 Cambridge Street, Vale Park, SA 5081 AT LAST Unbreakable vented polycarbonate containers for Orchid Flasking and Tissue Culture. They are time and money saving and made in two sizes 250ml & 500ml. Available from: P. & O.P. MAY 6 Graham Street, WINDSOR 4030 Brisbane. Phone (07) 857 5844 ORCHID BOOKS Send for free descriptive list of just about 400 currently available Orchid Books . . . sent surface mail anywhere in the world. POST PAID!! TWIN OAKS BOOKS 4343 Causeway Drive; Lowell, Michigan, USA Phone (616) 897 7479 Mastercard and Visa SEEDLINGS TO FLOWERING SIZE SPECIES AND HYBRIDS Paphiopedilums, Phalaenopsis, Cattleyas, Dendrobiums, Laelias. Masd. infracta X corniculata Agent for Nindethana Orchids Native hybrids — Miniature Cymbidiums Please send stamp for list Victoria 3168 Phone (03) 544 1418 AH 546 0575 ¥ Nursery Open 10-5 Thursday — Saturday (Other times by appointment) _— a i RR Ee | A large range of species and hybrids to suit new growers, serious collectors and those seeking free flowering plants for intermediate to warm conditions. VERY PROMPT MAIL ORDER IS OUR SPECIALTY. Phone or mail orders using Bankcard, Visacard or Mastercard Welcome, including export overseas. We invite you to visit our nursery at 15 HOAD STREET, EARLVILLE, CAIRNS or write (Please include postage stamp) for ourlatest listing to P.O. BOX 404, EARLVILLE, QLD 4870. Ph (070) 54 1746. Specialists in Species, Onchidls East Coast Orchids Specialising in New Guinea Ceratobium Dendrobiums. Species and hybrids. With our selective breeding we can offer a range of quality orchids from seedlings to flowering size. For descriptive list send stamp to: EAST COAST ORCHIDS — K. & H. MARTIN P.O. BOX 361, KURANDA, QUEENSLAND 4872 PHONE (070) 93 7065 EVERYTHING FOR ORCHID GROWERS AMATEUR AND PROFESSIONAL Write for our full catalogue which includes a wide range of plants, flasks and accessories. Mail Orders Processed Promptly (Discounts for Quantity) YES — OUR MODERN LABORATORY UNDERTAKES CUSTOM FLASKING (Both Commercial and Private) AND FOR TOP SHOWBENCH RESULTS USE OUR LONG LASTING Sterilised and Treated Orchid Bark AVAILABLE IN FIVE (5) GRADES (FULL DETAILS IN OUR CATALOGUE) BANKCARD, MASTERCARD AND VISA CARDS ACCEPTED AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 a EE EE ——E———E ESS SS ____=____a_ 14TH WORLD ORCHID OL OT i DH 6-9 IAT OF The 14th World Orchid Conference will take place in Glasgow, Scotland, from April 26th — May 3rd 1993. The decision to go to Glasgow was taken earlier this year atthe 12th World Orchid Conference in Tokyo, in response to a bid put forward by the Scottish Orchid Ociety in association with the City of Glasgow, the botanical gardens in Scotland and other Scottish public and Semi-public organisations. Work has already begun. A Scottish Organising Committee has been formed, Tepresentative of the interests behind the bid, with Keith Fraser, Director of Parks and Recreation for the City of Glasgow, as its chairman. The venue for the Con- ference will be the Scottish Conference and Exhibition Centre. The Centre, which is a newly constructed state-of- the-art facility, is on the banks of the Clyde near the centre of Glasgow directly opposite the site of the 1988 International Garden Festival. A 300 room hotel, incorporating ex- tensive conference facilities, is currently being built immediately adjacent to the Centre. The Conference and the Show will therefore both be accommodated on the one site. Communications to the entre are excellent. The national Motor-way system, giving access to all Parts of the country, has an access point 400 metres away, and Glasgow inter- National airport is only 15 minutes away by road. There are, of course, numerous other hotels within easy reach. The Scottish bid had the full support of Orchid interests in the United Kingdom as a whole — the Royal Horticultural Society, the British Orchid Growers’ sociation and the British Orchid Ouncil. The Scottish Organising Com- Mittee will accordingly have the backing of a Steering Committee, constituted by the RHS, whose chairman is myself, as chairman of the RHS Orchid Committee, with Keith Fraser and Ray Bilton, of McBean’s Orchids, as vice-chairmen. Phillip Cribb, Curator of the Orchid herbarium at the Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, will be the coordinator of the €cture programme for the Conference. The World Orchid Conference has not €en back to Europe since the very Successful 8th WOC held in Frankfurt in 1975. Intervening Conferences have set Some high standards. We are confident at we can meet them. Auckland next time — but then we hope to see you in Scotland in 1993 @ Alasdair Morrison ORCHID FARM (formerly Wimmaway Orchids) @ NSW DISTRIBUTORS | FOR THE WORLD FAMOUS ADELAIDE i] ORCHIDS th Ihk POROLBIN ORCHID FARM a Roth bury’s Sophisticated Orchids by Andrew Easton @ SPECIALISING IN CYMBIDIUMS Chords Raf fe Ge) @ BUSINESS HOURS 9-5 THURS-MON CLOSED TUE-WED LOT 13 GILLARDS RD POKOLBIN NSW 2321 PH 049 98 7558 =i “For all who seek the finest in modern hybridizing” The full range of Geyserland Orchids world renowned stock is only available in Australia through Mt. Beenak Orchids. Have you tried Mail Order shopping the Mt. Beenak way? We invite you to try. Customers receive quarterly catalogues full of the latest in hybrids in many genera from around the world. For those interested in flasks regular lists are also available. We assure you of personal service and remember, when you shop at Mt. Beenak you shop with the professionals! For stock lists or directions to the nursery write to: Mt. Beenak Orchids Clive & Agi Halls, R.S.D. 92, Three Bridges, Victoria 3797 Phone: (059) 66 7253 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 35 Yamamoto DENDROBIUMS World’s Finest Orchids The best range of Soft Cane Dendrobiums ever!!! SPECIAL SERVICE — PLANTS IN BUD This veare we are again offering a limited number of plants already budded for spring flowering, at no extra cost. Shopped in July and; August only. A few plants of a number of varieties willl be sold this Way. At time of going to press we can't be sure which ones. Enquire early and avoid disappointment. COLOUR SPECTACULAR Come and see us at ORCHID EXPO 88 in CALOUNDRA or the 11th Australian Orchid Conference in Sydney, both in September. Or better still make an appointment to visit our nursery at Lot 7 Hearns Lake Road, Woolgoolga during flowering time. YAMAMOTO DENDROBIUMS are easy to grow and flower in a wide range of climates (satisfied customers from Northern Queensland to Taare and Western Australia). “Amazing colour range. Long-lasting blooms. Not expensive. Small plants from $8.00 grow to large plants quic ‘kly. Large from $18. 00. Detailed growing instructions and friendly, helpful advic e always available. Gift Vouchers Also Available If you are not already on our mailing list SEND S.A. E. FOR DESCRIPTIVE LIST OR PHONE: BANANAGOAST ORCHIDS PO BOX 1528, COFFS HARBOUR, NSW 245 PHONE (066) 54 1183 FRANK SLATTERY PACIFIC ORCHIDS ORCHIDS OF MERIT 12 EDDYSTONE ROAD, BEXLEY, NSW 2207. PHONE 50 7985 Known for the Latest (Off Stoney Creek Road, opposite Bexley Park) Native Hy) /brids You are invited to call and inspect a large selection of various genera, including first class This reputation is being Cattlevas, Cymbidiums, odontoglossums, Paphiopedilums, and all types of orchids : suitable for bush and glasshouse. extended to Encyclia and We publish regular listings of stock on hand — (Please enclose 60c for listings). Epi. hybrids. of course our “CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS, NAMES AND PARENTAGE”. New edition — Cattleya and Dendrobiums complete to July 1983. Price $3.00 per copy plus 70c postage. are still available Also new addendum July 1983 to December 1986. Price $2.50 posted. : “THE NEW BOOK FOR ORCHID LOVERS” in colour. Price $5.00 per copy plus 90c postage. For list send stamp to OPEN SEVEN DAYS WEEKLY We carry large stocks of all types of orchids suitable for Pimlico Rd. Pimlico 2478 shade and glasshouse culture. We also stock fertilizers, ready-mixe d compost, all types of Ph (O66) 87 4520 sprays including ‘Physan’, water brakes and extension handles, sphagnam moss (Tasmania) and Dundas sprinklers for watering and misting. Closed Tuesdays Thinking of Tillandsias? FLASKS — PLANTS Think 2 Bromelifolia! Sedings andl Melons Tillandsias our specialty! Phalaenopsis top quality seedlings and stem propagations Paphiopedilum showbench and primary hybrids * Low prices and volume discounts! Cattlevas Cymbidiums Oncidiums Miltonias Odontoglossum Alliance and Zygopetalums. FREE LIST ON REQUEST. Telex 5450 BROMELGU, R il l DS Tel. 313907 P.O. Box 165 “A” Guatemala Ciry, Central America PO Box 11 Highbury, me South Australia 5089 The Quality of our Plants speaks for itself! Phone: Nursery (08) 380 5142. * We grow our plants in the world’s largest Tillandsia nurseries! * Wholesale only! * Air deliveries to anywhere! 36 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 7 AN Bill Paddock The orchid world of Australia has lost a great worker, enthusiast and personality who passed away suddenly and peace- fully on January 1, 1988. Bill (Frederick William) enjoyed work- Ing with friends over a period of years, always seeking to promote orchids in every possible way. Bill’s commercial life was involved with farm machinery of the well known firm of Gippsland & Northern Co-op Ltd in which he was Chief Accountant and Manager until his retirement a few years ago. He joined the Victorian Orchid Club about 1948 and during the following following years, until 1961, was Honorary Treasurer, Honorary Secre- tary and Committeeman, when he was elected President till 1964. For his Service here he was granted Life Membership of the V.O.C. On the formation of the Australian Orchid Council Bill served with distinc- tion as Hon. Sec. 1964-69 and as Vice President 1972 to 1975 when he was elected President and was granted an 1onorary Fellowship of the Council for his outstanding personal service to the Council. Sadly he filled the office of resident for only one year. Bill was involved from the very begin- Ning with the formation of the Australian Orchid Foundation until its incorpora- tion in 1976. He then served as Hon. Secretary and Treasurer as well as a Irector of the Foundation, making Many practical contributions that have Proved successful in the workings of the Foundation. During his lifetime with orchids, Bill Was granted a number of awards, but the One he prized most was a Life Grower’s Certificate of the Victorian School for af Children for services rendered. In trips to World Orchid Conferences ill was a staunch supporter and a Worthy representative of Australia. Bill Paddock was a quiet, just and honourable man, a wise counsellor and trusty friend. We of the orchid world in Ustralia mourn his passing. We offer to his widow Shiela our Sincere condolences and assure her the Work of Frederick William Paddock will © remembered with heartfelt gratitude. Gerald McCraith Bill Smoothey CYMBIDIUM FLASKS Mericlones and Seedlings We are cloning over 250 varieties of miniature, intermediate and standard cymbidiums. Many are available now priced at $20 per flask of 10. We also give bonus flasks (one per five) and free delivery in Australia for five or more flasks. Colchicine-treated mericlones are now available in tens for the same price. Seedling flasks, unless limited, are priced at $15 per flask of ten. Write or phone for our latest descriptive catalogue and deflasking instructions. R.E. & M. BURNS 48 MAIN NORTH ROAD, KUDLA, S.A. 5115. PHONE: (08) 254 6351 after 5.30pm South Australian time. W.A. Agent: Keith Abbott Orchids, Lot 1 Beenyup Rd. Jandakot W.A. 6164. Phone (09) 417 1818. AH. (09) 457 2491 Elliott ae Wholesale Nursery 7 Splash Petals Cattelayas 1”, 3”, 4” Pots Phalaenopsis imported flasks & seedlings Vandas & Ascocendas Flowering size imports from Den. canaliculatum Hybrid Flask Thailand Agents for Asia Agri. Business Corp. PHALAENOPSIS KINGDOM as reviewed March Orchid Review Over 1300 colour pictures 300 pages $100. Postage $6.00 Blc. CHINESE BEAUTY “SUN MOON BEAUTY” LC. GILA WILDERNESS “MAJESTIC” BLOC, WAIKIKI SUNSET “BRIGHTEST ORANGE” PHAL. MOUNT KAALA “ELEGANCE” AM/OSORC X PHAL. CARMELAS DREAM “ASIA No 3” PHAL. NEW EAGLE “NFS” X MOUNT KAALA “ELEGANCE” AM/OSORG PHAL. PAPER MOON “ASIA No2” X PHAL. MOUNT KAALA “ELEGANCE” AM/OSORC VANDASGORDON DILLON m/c. (purple blue) VANDA FUCHS DELIGHT m/c. (dark black purpled) VANDA WIRAT m/c (blue) MOK. MAK CHIN ON ARANDA PANNI V.JO VAN BRERO X V. GORDON DILLON RHY. RED, WHITE & SPOTS. a) ——= welcomenere ey PLEASE SEND S.AE FOR LISTINGS AND INCLUDE PHONE NUMBER. (070) 55 1712 16 ANDREW STREET STRATFORD. 4870 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 Pe — P.O. BOX 1594 CAIRNS 37 CHEELSIEAL EXOTHCS C. Red Beauty 'Cooksbridge Select' is an outstanding U.K. Cymbidium. Its early flowering and prolific deep pink flowers have been combined to produce the following quality seedling flasks. Nip 'Cooksbridge’ x Red Beauty 'Cooksbridge Select’ The upright, deep red, Nip has been combined to produce early flowering deep pink/red mini cymbidiums. (Christmas Angel x Rincon) x Red Beauty 'Cooksbridge Select’ This early flowering cross should produce high quality pink standard cymbidiums Christmas Angel 'Cooksbridge Sunburst’ AM/RHS x Red Beauty 'Cooksbridge Select’ The awarded bright yellow Christmas Angel should produce early flowering orange/apricot shades. The above crosses should be available from March onwards. Minimum of 10 plants in a 150ml unbreakable flask. $20 each plus postage and packing, depending on the service.. West Australian customers please note that the majority of our stock is in the laboratory, and thus the nursery is not yet open to the public. | can be contacted at the adress below, or at any of the Bunbury or Armadale Orchid Society meetings for flask collection. Mark Wheatley Chelsea Exotics, c/o North Dandalup Post Office, WA 6207. Telephone (09) 5301 304. Company No. 8388250 COLEMAN’S ORCHIDS (BRIAN & LORRAINE COLEMAN) Hardcane Dendrobiums and some Cattleyas From flask to flowering size We have taken over the Dendrobium and Cattleya stock from D’Bush Nursery and will continue to supply only top quality plants. July opening special — one BONUS plant for each 5 plants ordered from list. Flasking service also available. Please write for list. P.O. Box 57 Kuranda Old. 4872 PHONE (070) 93 7943 MINI CYMBIDIUMS from Queensland’s Gold Coast Specialists in miniature and intermediate cymbidiums including temperature tolerant varieties For list including our exclusive crosses please send stamp to: Arundel Estate Orchids 5 Uplands Drive, Arundel, Gold Coast, Qld, 4214 Nursery open by appointment. Please phone (075) 94 6349 or (075) 91 3349 before calling If you require quality orchids at reasonable prices then we invite you to visit or phone EVELIN ORCHIDS Cnr Old Northern Rd & Laughtondale Gully Road, Maroota 2756 NSW Australia Phone (045) 66 8243 38 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 Orchid Societies At AO.R. we are often asked for addresses and telephone numbers of orchid societies. To help orchid enthusiasts locate societies in their area we have decided to publish lists of societies. Unfortunately due to a lack of Space and we could only publish Queensland and Victorian societies. Other states will be published in sub- Sequent issues. Queensland The Queensland OS Inc. Sec: Mrs Noela Parsons. 11 Mundalla St. Algester 4115. Phone 273 1127. 2nd Mon. Atherton Tableland OS. Sec: M. Dunlea. 15 Magnolia St, Atherton. I st Thurs. Ayr & District OS. Sec: Mrs A. E. Tait. 33A Chippendale St, Ayr. Phone (077) 83 3586. 2nd Tues. Caboolture OS. Sec: Mrs Mary Sharp. 5 Portland St, Morayfield 4506. Phone (071) 95 3317. 1st Wed. Darling Downs OS Inc. Sec: Mrs Sue Stone. 12 Amost Cres, Toowoomba 4350. Phone (076) 32 6513. 3rd Wed. Eastern District OS Inc. Sec: N. Marshall. 18 Gladdyr St Capacaba. Phone (07) 390 3289. 4th Thurs. Emerald Orchid & Foliage Society. Sec: Mrs ng (Sept/Oct). Karen Christian. P.O. Box 703 Emerald, 4720. Phone (079) 82 1027. 2nd Thurs. Gympie & District OS Inc. Sec: Mrs Conny Visini. 8 Barton Rd, Gympie. Phone (071) 82 1574. Last Fues. Hervey Bay OS Inc. Sec: Mr Athol Bennett. 7 Southerden St, Torquay 4657. Phone (071) 25 1407. First Mon (except Jan). Ipswich OS Inc. Sec: C. D. Murray. 35 Pine St, Flinders View 4305. Phone 288 8041. Ist Wed (except Jan). ey & District OS. Sec: Mrs Beryl Gilotti. 3 Currawong St, Slade Point 4741. (079) 55 1308. 3rd Thurs (except Dec). Maroochydore OS Inc. Sec: Mrs Margaret Heyer. 3 Kent Ct, Buderim 4556. Phone (071) 45 2396. Ist Tues & 3rd Wed. Maryborough District OS. Sec: Mr V. R. Brigg. 374 Ann Street, Maryborough 4650. Phone (071) 22 2236. 2nd Tues (except Jan). North Brisbane OS Inc. Sec: Mrs M. Lysaght. 8 Pullford St West Chermside. Phone 359 9453. 4th Thurs & 2nd Tues (day group). North Coast OS Nambour Inc. Sec: Mrs Lyle Paroz. P.O. Box 23 Palmwoods. Phone (071) 45 9348. 4th Mon. North Queensland OS, Cairns. Sec: Mr L. Gliddon. 329 Draper St. Cairns 4870. Phone 51 5385. 2nd Mon. ~ Orchid Species Society Inc. Sec: Mr Allan Robinson. 10 Talegalla St. Wynnum West, 4178. Phone 396 3192. 3rd Mon. lis is the Becond > Nene in SA stralia. ‘PEACHES is a prot cted plant under the NZ a Var a Act, and may not b i BEACON FIRE ‘CECIL PAR BEACON FIRE ‘PENELOPE’ -CAMELIARD ‘257’ _ CAVENDISH ‘GRACE’ _ DAG ‘DANDY’ _ DAG ‘GREEN JEWEL’ __ DAGONET ‘PINK BEAUTY’ DIVIEN ‘NAVAREE’ FAIR ROGUE ‘LAVENDER FALLS’ ~ GIDGET ‘ZUMA’ SHOWGIRL ‘JULIE CHRISTIE” SHOWGIRL ‘MARY STRAHA iainnenst of 5 different plants for the “a BANK/ MASTERCAR | Please include $7 for freight OME. Grote name, amis n Australia SYDNEY AGENTS FOR AUSSIE BARK AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 Redcliffe District OS Inc. Sec: Mrs Lyn Grubb. 34 Warren Cres, Sea City Acres Deception Bay 4508. Phone 888 3796. 2nd Wed & (day meeting) Ist Thurs. Rockhampton OS. Sec: Mr Jeff Bloxsom. 12 Harden St, Nth Rockhampton. Phone (079) 28 6582. 4th Tues. Sub Tropical Orchid Council, Qld Inc. Sec: Mrs Helen Page. Peachester, via Beerwah 4519. Phone (071) 94 9557. Sunshine Coast OS. Sec: Mrs G. I. Andersen. Box 279 Post Office Caloundra 4551. Phone (071) 92 2379. 3rd Fri (except Dec). The Brisbane OS Inc. Sec: Mrs Pat Crittenden. 75 Faff Ave, Hollan Park 4121. Phone 397 3418. 4th Tues. The West Brisbane OS Inc. Mrs R. Ozanne. 105 Bowman Pde, Bardon 4065. Phone 366 1240. 4th Wed (except Dec). Townsville District Orchid & Allied Plants Assoc. Sec: Mr W. F. Summers. 38 Croft St, Heatley 4814. Phone (077) 79 2178. 3rd Tues (except Dec). Townsville OS. Sec: Mrs Jean Nicholson. 10 Coe Court Heatley Townsville 4814. Phone (077) 79 7683. 4th Fri (except Dec). Toowoomba OS. Sec: Frank Simpson. 46 Wentworth St. Toowoomba 4350. Phone (076) 35 1948. 4th Fri (except Dec). West Moreton Orchid Group. Sec: Mrs Rita Walton. 249 Ripley Rd. Flinders View. Ipswich 4305. 4th Fri. Victoria Victoria Orchid Club. Sec: Mrs I. Hutchins. 37 Elliot St, Mordialloc. 3195. Phone 580 4917 3rd Mon. Geelong Orchid & Indoor Plant Club Inc. Sec: R. A. Laidlaw. 32 Upper Skene St, Newtown 3220. Phone (052) 9 7653. Ist Thurs. Gippsland Orchid Club Inc. Sec: H. Jacobs. P.O. Box 110, Stratford, 3862. Phone (051) 45 6371. 3rd Mon. Hamilton Orchid Club. Sec: B. Simmonds. 78 King Street Hamilton 3300. Phone (055) 72 2639. 4th Wed. Maroondah OS. Sec: Mrs Emily Spilbergs. 36 Orrong Rd, Elsternwick, 3185 Phone 528 1664. 3rd Fri. Melbourne Eastern OS Inc. Sec: Robert K. McHutchison. | Highfield Rd. Gladstone 3148. Phone 277 1995. Last Mon (except Dec). Midlands OS Inc. Sec: Muriel Christmas. Lot 19 Maldon Rd, Welshmans Reef 3462. Phone (054) 76 2376. Ist Tues. Mornington Peninsular OS Inc. Sec: Mrs Audrey Anderson. 23 Gatcum Court, Noble Park 3174. Phone (03) 546 4917. 4th Fri. Ringwood OS Ince. Sec: Mrs L. Duffield. 28 Dudley St, Mitcham 3132. (03) 874 7830. Ist Tues. Sunraysia Orchid Club. Sec: Mrs Jay Ashworth. 1/172 Olive Grove, Mildura 3500. Phone (050) 23 3339. All club mail to P.O. Box 1818 Mildura, Vic 3500. 2nd Tues. Warringal OS. Sec: Mrs M. Murray. 60 McArthur Rd, East Ivanhoe 3079. Phone 49 3408. 3rd Wed. 39 x im! FLASKS CA307 Paphiopedilum rothschildianum #4 x Paphiopedilum rothschildianum #2 (flasks of 25’s only) Realistically priced at only $4 per plant We are now well known for the work we are doing towards conservation of the threatened Paphiopedilum and Phragmipedium species. Help us stop the exploitation of this rare species. Any plants offered as ‘wild collected’ have been illegally removed from their $ restricted national park habitat. Ready for June delivery nationwide. Send S.AE. for listings Note! We are not a nursery, so strictly no visiting. Wilton Paphiopedilum Research Collection P.O. Box 19, Wilton, 2571, NSW. HUMPYBONG ORCHID NURSERY 38 Collins Street, Woody Point, Queensland 4019 Phone (07) 284 3283 PHALAENOPSIS — CATTLEYA — DENDROBIUM & OTHERS We have large stocks of HOBBY FLASKS, COMMERCIAL FLASKS & PLANTS. Our stock is mainly produced from imported mother flasks. Please send a 37¢ stamp for lists. Please Note Nursery Closed During July, No orders will be despatched. Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday & Saturday — 9 am-5 pm. Closed All Day Wednesday aoundey 10 am-3 pm CLOSED ALL OF JU Sole Australian Agent — MINTAI ORCHIDS TAIWAN Please note, during Orchid Expo 88 at Caloundra. 7-12th Sept our nursery hours will be 10 am-2 pm daily. We look forward to meeting you all there. We will have a good range of flasks available at our stall in conjunction with G & B Robertson. ORCHIDGLEN NURSERY Paph. ang-thong $15.00 Paph. armeniacum $38.00 Paph. barbatum $18.00 Paph. bellatulum $15.00 Paph. callosum $11.00 Paph. conco-bellatulum $20.00 Paph. concolor $12.00 Paph. hainanense $40.00 Paph. hennisianum $16.00 Paph. maliopense $50.00 Paph. micranthum $30.00 Paph. niveum $16.00 Paph. sukhakulii $16.00 For Skyroad delivery add $9.00 Price list available SAE Orders over $150 — attract 10% discount and free Skyroad delivery. ORCHIDGLEN NURSERY P.O. Box 2131 WYNNUM Q 4178 Open Sat & Sun 8am to 4pm PH (07) 390 7742 for appointments. VIRUS BREAKTHROUGH? When scientists first started trying to fathom the secrets of interferon — the human body’s natural virus-fighting sub- stance, they had high hopes of developing new weapons against viruses and cancer. They never thought that they might come up with an agricultural chemical worth hundreds of millions of dollars to farmers. Yet, that is precisely the turn interferon research has suddenly taken. Recently, a team of American, Israeli and West German scientists reported that an interferon-related chemical they’ve developed, is a potent inhibitor of plant viruses. If field experiments confirm laboratory experience, the chemical could be to plant-virus diseases what penicillin is to human bacterial diseases. Minute amounts of the chemical sprayed on a plant can stop a devastating virus infection in less than an hour. The chemical probably can be made fairly cheaply in large volume. More impor- tantly it is harmless to the plant, and to humans and other animals. A penicillin against plant viruses has been an elusive goal of scientists for years. About 400 known plant viruses cause billions of dollars in damage to the world’s commercial crops each year. This article is taken from Tan Bark The Toowoomba Orchid Society Newsletter, September 1987 and was compiled by Mr B. Steven. A.O.R. WELCOMES EDITORIAL CONTRIBUTIONS Address editorial to: The Editor Aust- ralian Orchid Review, 14 McGill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia. Please make sure that all slides are marked with the owner’s name and a return address is supplied. ADVERTISERS” SPRING ISSUE The deadline for advertising — “copy is July 13. Please get your copy in early! 40 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 SOCIETY NEWS MARYBOROUGH DISTRICT ORCHID SOCIETY BICENTENNIAL SHOW The Maryborough District Orchid Society Bicentennial show has been endorsed by the Qld Bicentennial Authority, and is listed on the official programme of celebrations. The show will be staged from the 5th-8th August in St Paul’s Memorial Hall, Adelaide Street Maryborough, Queensland, con- Current with the Australian travelling exhibition in the Maryborough show- grounds. The schedule includes 50 classes and handsome trophies will be awarded. Visiting societies and Maryborough groups will be mounting displays. Activities will include floral arrangement and orchid corsage making, plant sales and orchid culture information. It is expected some period costumes will be worn. The Maryborough District Orchid Society is renowned for its hospitality and visitors will be welcomed with a first Class display. We are making our show a gay and festive occasion. Please visit us! THE CHARTERS TOWERS ORCHID AND ALLIED PLANT SOCIETY Orchid growing in Charters Towers dates back to pre-war days. To grow Orchid genera in a climate considered Semi-arid, with an average rainfall of 4500mm and a humidity level not Compatable to the high levels orchids like. The temperature hovers around 40°C during the summer, our winters are much cooler than the coastal belt, so Some of the colder growing orchids will flower here at 330 metres above sea level and a latitude of 20.05s; a lot of the World’s orchids match these conditions. With modern materials to create the right light conditions and with modern fertilisers, pest and disease control Methods and sprays, a high standard can be reached. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 PRESENTATIONS The beginning of 1988 has seen many presentations to long standing members of O.S. NSW Ltd and the A.O.F. Mr Les Peaty and Mr Ron Kerr were presented with specially mounted Society Gold Medals for long service on the committee. Mr Peaty retiring as Registrar of Judges and Registrar General of AOC. Mr Kerr retired as the editor of the Australian Orchid Review, a position he held for 24 years. Mr Doug Symons was granted life membership of the society for his valued work over many years. Mr Frank Slattery presented Australian Orchid Foundation Awards of Honour to Mr Herman Slade at the March O.S. NSW Ltd meeting. Mr Bill Murdoch, pictured, was presented with his award in Newcastle earlier in the year. September. | es. Excellent — 70. ie (08) 337 5740 v (50 cent 4] Our water is obtained from the Burdekin River, and even though treated seems to agree with the plants. Shade cloth up to 80% with combina- tions of degrees of light on the walls of the compass points are used by the growers to their own needs. Fans are used during the hottest part of summer to cool and circulate the air. In winter a cover to keep the cold wind out is usually all that is needed by some fussy growers, and more water is applied than most of the nursery books tell us. More humidity is most necessary, and is created by watering the floor area twice a day in Summer. Some members of our Society like a challenge and will go to a lot of trouble to DENDROBIUM DELACOURI ASCOCENTRUM MINIATUM 26 Gorari Street 42 KEITHS NURSERY FOR SPECIES AND HYBRID ORCHIDS IMPORTERS OF FINE STOCK NOW AVAILABLE FLOWERING SIZE SPECIES AERIDES CRASSIFOLIA ..... DENDROBIUM THYRSIFLORUM SEND SAE NOW FOR OUR LATEST CATALOGUE Bankcard, Visa and Mastercard Welcome Idalia, Townsville 4810 Phone (077) 78 2472 flower plants that only the most southerly states can flower, but with little success. Our Society has had a moderate success at the Townsville Orchid Societies’ bi- annual shows. In recent times the Club has built up in numbers and is attracting a number of younger members. There is a strong revival of Orchid’s and associated Genera in North Queensland and with modern tissue culture, the north’s climate, nearness to overseas nurseries, the north must become a centre for growing orchids more naturally and with the need for artificial means greatly reduced. Our society can see the need for a North Queensland Orchid Show in the near future as the quantity and quality of Orchids are fast growing and a central venue can only up-lift the orchid grower and enhance the Orchid Industry. Albert Coffison Secretary/Treasurer INTERNATIONAL ODONTOGLOSSUM ALLIANCE IN AUSTRALIA? The International Odont. Alliance Meeting was held on March 12 and 13 in conjunction with the B.O.A.G. Show at the R.H.S. Old Hall in London. Growers from around the world gathered to view a wonderful array of flowers. Australia was represented by Mr and Mrs G. McCraith, Clive Halls and Philip Altmann. The wonderful variety of colour and patterns offered in the Odont. Alliance was truly to the forefront of the Show. The Eric Young Foundation had a large display of exceptional quality and other top displays were placed by McBeans, Keith Andrews and Mansell and Hatcher. A series of excellent lectures were presented by the Odont. Alliance featuring American, German and English speakers. There was a general consensus amongst growers that interest and enthusiasm for Odonts. is growing rapidly, and in view of this, it has been proposed to see if there is sufficient interest here to begin an Australian Branch of the International Odont. Alliance. Anyone interested can contact either Clive Halls, R.S.D. 92 Three Bridges Vic 3797. Phone (059) 66 7253 or Philip Altmann, 32 Riverview Terrace War- mambool Vic 3280. Phone (055) 62 3753. ORCHID SPECIES SOCIETY OF VICTORIA This society meets on the second Monday of the month at Nunawading Horticultural Centre, 82 Jolimont Road, Forest Hill at 8 pm. The secretary, Miss Jacinta Burke has a new address: PO Box 303, East Bentleigh, Victoria 3165. The society produces a very useful bulletin. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 ppp tence CYMBIDIUM SEEDLING OF THE YEAR The Cymbidium Club of Australia’s annual Seedling of the Year competition attracted 31 entries. The largest number of entries ever received. The competition is conducted in two Sections: 1. For flowers benched up to and including the month of July. 2. For flowers benched up to and including August to October. Judging is by a panel of judges registered with the Orchid Society of New South Wales. Four judges comprised the panel. Selecting Sara Jean Mandi’ x Sylvania ‘Shell pink’ a miniature orchid as the “Orchid of the Year” after a prolonged Teview of the flowers which had been Selected as the winners of the monthly Selection. Details of the winning plant are — Exhibitor and Hybridisor, Mr F. E. Smith; lip colours: spotted red; number of flowers: 15; dorsal: slightly hooded; Width overall: 57mm; width of ventral Sepal: 21mm; width of labellum: 22mm; Width of petal: 20mm; date exhibited: 6.8.87 The judges felt that the quality of the flowers submitted for this years compe- tition were not as good as in previous years. The members choice, selected at the Ovember meeting was a_ standard flower, benched by Harold Baxter — Wallara “Gold Nugget x Lunagrad ‘Elanora’, Benched on September 3, 1987, 13TH WORLD ORCHID CONFERENCE 1990 As this long awaited conference will be held in Auckland, New Zealand, in September 1990 we are now planning for a party from NSW to visit the conference and possibly take the opportunity to €njoy the hospitality and beauty of the Country. The numbers will probably be limited to 35 and the duration of the tour will be approximately three weeks. Your “Tours Committee” (Darcy Bloomfield, Ian Chalmers and Bill Moothey) would like you to let them now if there are any areas you would especially like to visit. You'll be under no Obligation but it would be of assistance to Us if you would let us know your con- Structive ideas for such a tour. Bill Smoothey Phone (02) 46 2567 P.O. Box 860, Toowoomba, 4350 Phone 076 96 7279 A ORCHIDS LABORATORIES FLASKING SERVICE SEND STAMP FOR LIST MAIL ORDERS OUR SPECIALTY PHALAENOPSIS WE CARRY ALARGE RANGE OF PHALAENOPSIS FROM 2” POT SIZE TO LARGER. ALL THE COLOUR RANGE — EXHIBITION AND NOVELTY TYPES. COMMUNITY POTS AVAILABLE — 5 PLANTS PER POT. $10.00 per pot. Send S.AE for latest listing. G.A. & B.M. ROBERTSON M.S. 0196 Blackall Range Rd., Nambour. 4560 Ph. (071) 42 1913 Please phone before visiting. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 43 SHOW DATES SHO\ NEW SOUTH WALES Albury-Wodonga and District Orchid Club Inc. WINTER. Daffodil, Camellia & Orchid Show. Continuing Education Centre Centre, High St Wodonga. 27/8. 12 noon to 4pm. SPRING. Albury High School Stadium, Kiewa St, Albury, 8/10 & 9/10. 8/10 Ipm-9pm, 9/10 10am-4pm. Alstonville OS Inc. SPRING. Uniting Church Hall, Fri 2/9 & Sat 3/9. 9am-4pm. Bankstown OS. WINTER. Bankstown Shop- ping Square. 18/7 to 23/7. Shopping Hours.. SPRING. Same Venue. 5/9 to 10/9. Shopping Hours. Berowra & District OS Inc. SPRING. Com- munity Centre, Gully Rd, Berowra. 10/9 & 11/9. Sat 1lam-9pm, Sun 9am-3.30pm. Boolaroo OS. SPRING. Stockland Centre, Jesmond. 15/9 to 17/9. 15/9 9am-9pm, 16/9 9am- 5.30pm, 17/9 8.30am-2pm. Campbeltown & District OS. WINTER. Campbelltown Mall. 21/7 to 23/7. Shopping Hours. SPRING. Macarthur Square. 22/9 to 24/9. Shopping Hours. City of Lismore OS Inc. SPRING. Lismore City Hall, Ballina St, Lismore. 8/9 to 11/9. Thurs 9am- 7.15pm, Fri & Sat 9am-6pm, Sun 9am-3.30pm. (SIS SS SSIS SSIS SSS SSS Our quality stock includes: Latest Mini Cats, Equitant Oncidiums, Antelope and Full- shaped Dendrobiums, Vandas and Ascocendas, Warm- growing Miltassas, Miltonias Phalaenopsis. If there is something special you are looking for, why not phone or write, we would be delighted to help. Imported plants arriving all the time from Malaysia, Hawaii, Philippines. Write for our latest catalogue (enclose FOR THE BIGGEST Cumberland Orchid Circle. WINTER. Castle Towers Shopping Centre, Castle Hill, Thurs 30/6 to Sat 2/7. Shopping Hours. SPRING. Same Venue. Wed 31/8 to Sat 3/9. Shopping Hours. Eastwood & District Orchid Circle Inc. SPRING. Macquarie Centre, North Ryde. Mon 5/9 to Sat 10/9. Shopping Hours. Five Dock RSL OS. WINTER. Top Ryde Shopping Square, Blaxland Rd, Ryde. Mon 15/8 to Sat 20/8. Shopping Hours. SPRING. Marketown Shopping Centre, Flood & Marion Sts, Leichhardt. Mon 12/2 to Sat 17/9. Shopping Hours. Gosford & District OS. WINTER. Marketown, Henry Parry Drive, Gosford. 29/6 to 2/7. 9am- 6pm. Shopping Hours. SPRING. Same Venue. 7/9 to 10/9. 9am-6pm. Shopping Hours. Goulburn Valley Orchid Club. SPRING. Civic Centre, Shepparton. Sat 1/10 & Sun 2/10. 10am-5Spm. Grafton District OS Inc. SPRING. Grafton Shopping World. 22/9 to 24/9. Shopping Hours. Great Lakes OS Inc. WINTER. Great Lakes Expo, Kularoo Drive, Forster. 11/6 to 13/6. 12.30pm-Spm 11/6, 9am-Spm 12/6 & 13/6. SPRING. Library Building, Forster Primary School, Middle St, Forster. 1/10 to 3/10. 9am- Spm. Hawkesbury District OS. WINTER. 11/6 & 12/6. Richmond Senior Citizens Centre. SPRING. Same Venue. 3/9 & 4/9. (Sp aaa aS SoA WHEN ONLY THE BEST WILL DO! COLLECTION OF ORCHIDS IN NORTH QUEENSLAND. PO BOX 196, GORDONVALE 4865. PHONE (070) 56 1727 ALL HOURS. Nursery address: LITTLE MULGRAVE RIVER ROAD, LITTLE MULGRAVE. Efficient, experienced packing and despatch with daily connections per national airlines and Skyroad Transport to your door. Illawarra District OS Inc. WINTER. Warra- wong Shopping Centre 7/7 to 9/7. Shopping Hours. SPRING. Shellharbour Square 25/8 to 27/8. Shopping Hours. Ku-Ring-Gai OS. SPRING. Westfield Shop- ping Town, Hornsby Wed 31/8 to 3/9.Shopping Hours. Morisset & Lakes Districts OS Inc. WINTER. Wyong Plaza 26/7 to 30/7. Shopping Hours. SPRING. Charlestown Shopping Square. 23/8 to Sat 27/8. Shopping Hours. Orchid Society of Canberra. SPRING. Phillip College Phillip ACT. 10/9 & 11/9. Sapphire Coast Orchid Club — Bega. WINTER. Merimbula-Imlay Bowling Club. 26/8 & 27/8. 10am-4pm. SPRING. Norm Henry Motors. Carp St. Bega. 30/9 & 1/10. Yam. Spm. 9am-5pm. Shoalhaven OS. WINTER. Presbyterian Church Hall, Kinghorn St, Nowra. Fri 9/7. QJam-Spm. SPRING. Same Venue. Fri 16/9 12.30-8pm & Sat 17/9 9.30am-Spm. Southern Districts Combined OS. SPRING. Westfield Shoppingtown, Hurstville. 1/8 to 6/8. Sydney OS. SPRING. Strathfield Plaza. 29/8 to 3/9. Shopping hours. Southern Riviera OS. SPRING. Ulladulla Civic Centre. 1/10 & 2/10. Sat 1/10 9am-7pm. Sun 2/10 9am-4pm. The Sutherland OS. WINTER. Gymea Bowling & Recreation Club, Kingsway, Gymea. 2/7 & 3/7. Sat 10am-Spm, Sun 9am-4.30pm. SPRING. Same Venue. 3/9 & 4/9. Sat 10.30am-6pm, Sun 9am-4.30pm. Tweed District OS Inc. SPRING. Sunnyside Shopping Centre. Murwillumbah. Early October. Shopping Hours. Dates TBA. Wagga Wagga OS. SPRING. Sturt Public School 10/9 & 11/9. 10am-Spm. Wollongong Bicentennial Combined Orchid Show. SPRING. Crown Central Shopping Centre. 8/9 & 10/9. Shopping Hours. Petra O nohids P.O. Box 129 Townsville Old 4810 Phone (077) 79 7973 NOW AVAILABLE Newly discovered Paphiopedilum species from China. Latest Hybrids from Hawaii (all genera) Exhibition Phalaenthe Dendrobium hybrids. ALSO AVAILABLE: New season advance flask list. Bob Gordon's Books “Beginners Guide to the Phalaenopsis Orchid” — $12.00 (plus postage) “Culture of the Phalaenopsis Orchid” $25.00 (plus postage) AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 = een a A LL | STEWART ORCHIDS Returns to Australia — In a Big Way! -YAMADARA MIDNIGHT MAGENTA ‘FINE WINE’ AW NO}S) Flowering size and near flowering size plants, $47.50. LCTNA. PEGGY SAN "| ‘CYNOSURE’ HCC/AOS Flowering size and near — _ flowering size plants, $49.50 net. For years, the souces of the orchids Australians loved most © were Armacost and Royston and Stewart's. Now merged to form Stewart Orchids, we are pleased to again be able to © offer our Australian friends our very best through the good Offices of Kevin Hipkins’ Royale Orchids. Not only will Kevin be stocking a good supply of our most popular items at all times, but he will happily consolidate and quarantine your — ‘Special orders with his regular shipments from our nursery. Royale Orchids will often be your exclusive source of our — newest patented varieties (see this ad). Kevin will alsobe | ‘hosting Ned Nash, our President, at the Sydney Conference ~ this September, along with an outstanding selection oF Stewart Orchids’ newest stock. : i) A ; Regul Orchids NURSERY (Open Weekends Only): 42 Pratley Street, South Woy Woy, NSW 2256. Phone: (02) 709 3651 CORRESPONDENCE ake} 12 Allison Avenue, Condell Park, NSW 2200. =) aXe) a\=¥ (oy) y40}3} 2064. oe Stewart and Royale Orchids — Australia’s source for its favourite orchids! Se ee CHARM ORCHID NURSERY 11 GRANVILLE TCE, MARYBOROUGH Q, 4650 PHONE: (071) 21 5833. Props: C & M Hausknecht. 30 years experience in Orchid culture. Exclusive to Charm: “The Superior Parentages Cattleya Book No2” Top quality orchids imported from Hawaii Seedlings to flowering size Cattleyas, Cattletonias, Dendrobes, intergeneric crosses @ Proven quality Instant Use Boiled Australian Pine Bark. Readily available in four grades $13 Bag. @ Wire Hangers PLEASE SEND SAE FOR PRICE LISTS BUYER’S GUIDE CRUCIFIX ORCHIDS: Large range colours from $2 each, plus postage. S.A.E. for lists. Special offer 12 mixed for$27 posted. Air mail extra. Sheaffes nursery, 38 Fingal St Brunswick Hds. 2483. Ph. (066) 85 1387. FOR SALE Complete set of Australian Orchid Review — more than half bound volumes. Will consider best offer. Phone (evening) (049) 59 1837. HYBRID MASDEVALLIA seedlings, Species, Paphs available. Catalogue on request. Helen Jackson Pleasant Park Nursery. P.O. Box 158 Somerset, Tasmania 7322. Ph (004) 35 1868. ORCHIDS IN BLOOM. Intermediate and miniature Cymbidium seedlings from 4” pots to flowering plants. Generous discount on quantity. Tumburra Orchids, Lot 2 Wirreanda Rd, (off Tumburra Rd) Ingleside NSW 2101. (02) 450 2413. 46 ORCHID BLOOM EXPORTER will buy blooms in coming season. Experienced and long standing commercial quantities only. Write: Advertiser, Box 224, Pennant Hills 2120. QUALITY CATTLEYAS. Seedlings and Mericlones. Latest varieties and parents. Top showbench, novelty types. Send S.A.E. for comprehensive list. Prompt despatch. Kathmar Orchids 15 Bancroft St, Glendale 2285 NSW. WANTED — Paphs Rothschildianum and St. Swithins. Mature plants. Contact Mr G. Callan, 9 Leeson Ave Ballina NSW 2478 (066) 86 5719 or 23 0639. VISITING QUEENSLAND SUNSHINE COAST? Why not picnic in Mary-Caimcross rainforest park and visit Maleny-Orchid- Gardens and Opal Sales, Mary Cairncross Av. (next to park) 20 min. drive from Caloundra. 300 varieties of cymbidiums, many in flower. Plants in flower from $15. Call any time or phone (071) 94 2003. ADVERTISERS INDEX VOLUME 33, No.2 WINTER 1988 Aranbeem \OrchidSg. a wager aie Set: See ee 7 ArbonOrchidsS easy rece ean ere ae eee 34 ArindeliEstates Orchids cepts aaa ren eee rena 38 ASIaqA ore BUsIne Ss) Ol p aeem aera merrier 10 Bacto Sa Se eee eee ae esrb Banana Coast Orchids Bayview Orchids men en ae ee Belvedere Orchids rr epg eae eae ee ne Berrys Nursery supplicS mnt aimnmn nner es 31 BotanyaBayaOrchid Site memset eee ene erent: IFC Brome lifolia sie tpces cau tte ume. tte re eh Ree 36 Bryant Alvin cares Oe Opes, feed eoree ee 3 Burleigh Park Orchid Nursery .................-. 8 BiimsaRi EN Sc Mire ee cnr meee eae Gératober Orchid Siaea ramen meee settee ante eerste Charm Orchid Nursery ......... Arie eed ee Chelsea EXOtCsa eau anmneunes eee Coleman’s Orchids ............. Colin Campbell Chemicals GrispinSiNursery Paseo) aes ee ee rn ee Crouch W.B Cymbidium City Orchids DI Busi Orcridi NUrser ysis meee ee Digital Audio Processing Dinglevabenuvarket =: cermin yr eee NB SS UA Orchids se toes ot eae ee Double U Orchids aOR tere wt tse, East Coast Orchids ioe Easve Orchid Saeeeee ran esametee rarer Elliott Wholesale Nursery Endeavour Orchids germ tsstn serge cere serreninneerinn? Evelin}OrchidSwnr ss. sytvs anette ates Tate Fame! OrchidSienravcn. mteviterrtcate vi siieccels caret are Bidrafest(O rchidsieremenmnerar nie neetenmerd Uric: Flora Propogation Laboratories ................. 7 FoxfireiOrchidsS ioe see eset eters rer re eo 26 Galli pe Seas triblingiin taecesasmnen sn sentra ag 27 Glenwood Orchids ............. ey AGH Graylane Fabrications Pty Ltd .. scary O92 Growing Point Nursery ......... a Henry sal On Watt et ate a tering tyr ete eee 9 HodginstOrchidsteqmartncrwspemamech te mlen remaster 24 Humpybong Orchid Nursery .................-. 40 Indiana\Orchid Sees ee esa tase aa edb oes 25 JUN Ble, Ge Sy aire rag oo eared eats aches eee cena LTS pers 23 KeithistOrchid iN Urseryseemenaese te enema neers 42 Lakeside Orchids 6 Lonne’s Nursery 34 Lou Mayer ....... AW Lugarno Orchid Co - Macamaten eee cag fh Mackinne yas litse ry auaeeam asta tein inn ere eeticretreanante 15 Mandurang Orchid Nursery ...................- 5 Maryborough yaa Societyavee Meera tec ss herd 24 MayaPecd ORD ieee cr ote. eas 4 Merellen Orchidsis etait Mooroolbark Ferns and Orchids . in MtBeénakiOrchidstmeumne rete cue cen MyalllOrchids#eie new rian engeee einen vecomer es Nesbitts Sew dct Mil Keer ienecen ttt cee NevinisiNutseryae sae rents tres sete des cree ieee OrchidjEntérprise Supemuirea tei sere al ares Orchid} EXxpoweneeemr a: ete ne stn. et ree Orchid Media laboratories mamcrm wiser srne arerns OrchidsV alle yGeee eters. getters are nomrrietnny oa Orchideario Catarinense ..... £24, Orchidglen Nursery ......... Orchids from Karen McFarlani ine PacifiGOrchids@prn curt teen tian caicnnenteen 36 Parade: Orchid Siimweseentas sere ntrnas tn eeriive tes Peter Chilespern rear eeae eee ait teen Pete Head havteece renter te ir PetrarOrchid S geen ane enne Pindimar Horticultural Supplies PokolbimOfchid ie arm pare een see nnren sen even PYASOrchid baboratories armen een Price, R. G. & I Rock yvie WN Ursery senor necn nice retseoater ene (acy Robertson; GRAD So BaMa nce a ee SATE VS (eee ngs Soe seeder: Saltwater Creek Nursery ................-.--++ NY Te Re HOT AN oo net rm scones ow hoe Ser Frank eects tra, nnd Spring, A Stagmania Native Nursery ... Sunshine Orchid Nursery Stiphachadiwong Myramtncewtmctes stents wee ree SydnéyiO rchidS Wy ive erase Geek tee mate Cer tee Tamborine Mountain Orchids — Tandara Orchid Nursery .......... Chel Orchid| Factory ames e nas ee hy! pLropicalOrchidaGrarderls meeseeesmeeerser sete arene HT wirt OakSiBOokS Peover ia a Fee at iasdt i an oy eee WalleylOrchids eee arntee ar ete clean Virginial Gardens Waki, meee eerie tse s : Wilton ee eed Research Collection....... 40 WondabahiOrchidSiaauennst see yee meats ing AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, WINTER 1988 SHOW DATES S|! QUEENSLAND The Queensland OS Inc. SPRING. Riverside Ballroom, 42 Oxlade Drive New Farm. 20/8 to 21/8. 91m-Spm. Aspley OS Inc. SPRING. Community Hall, Edinburgh Castle Rd, Wavell Heights, 17/9 & 18/9. 9-5 Sat & 9-4 Sun. Ayr & District OS. SPRING. Water Festival Display. Coutts Mall. Thurs 29/9 & Fri 30/9. Thurs 8.30am to 9pm. Fri 8.30 to Spm. Caboolture OS Inc. WINTER. Civic Hall Caboolture. 14/7 to 16/7. Thurs 9-8.30, Fri 9-5, Sat 9-2. Emerald Orchid & Foliage Society. SPRING. Village Shopping Centre, Emerald. September. 7am to close of centre. Ipswich OS Inc. SPRING. Combined Orchid & Horticultural Spring Show. TAFE College, Bundamba. 15/9 to 17/10. Hours TBA. Maryborough District OS. SPRING. Saint Pauls Memorial Hall, Adelaide St, Maryborough. 5/8 to 8/8. 9am-9pm. Orchid Species Society Inc. SPRING. Mt Coot-tha Botanic Gardens Auditorium, Toowong, Brisbane. 17/9 & 18/9. Sat 9am-Spm, Sun 9am- 4pm. Open Show. Displays by other Societies. Rockhampton OS. SPRING. McCamley Meat Hall — Rockhampton Show Grounds. 17/9 to 25/9. Fri 12 noon to 9pm, Sat 9am-9pm, Sun 9am-3pm. Sub-Tropical Orchid Council, Qld, Inc. SPRING. Orchid Expo ’88. Civic Cultural Centre, Caloundra, Qld. 8/9 to 12/9. Fri & Sat 9am-9pm. Sun 9am-6pm. Mon 9am-5pm. The Gold Coast OS. SPRING. Show Grounds, Queens St, Southport. 2/9 to 4/9. 9am-Spm. Toowoomba OS. SPRING. Myer Rooftop. 17/9 to 24/9. 17/9 9am-8.30pm. 18/9 10am-Spm. Weekdays 9am-8.30pm. 24/9 9am-12 noon. VICTORIA The Victorian Orchid Club. WINTER. Keys- borough Shopping Centre, Cheltenham Rd, Keys- borough. 1 week from 18/7. Shopping Hours. SPRING. St Johns Church Hall, Orrong Rd, Toorak 30/9 to 2/10. 10am-7pm Fri & Sat and 12.30pm-5pm Sun. SPRING FESTIVAL Week, Keysborough Shopping Centre, 1 week from 17/10. Shopping Hours. Gippsland Orchid Club Inc. WINTER. Sale Technical School, Sale. 27/8 & 28/8. 10am-5 pm. SPRING. Killdare College, Traralgon. 1/10 & 2/10. 10am-5pm. Maroondah OS. SPRING. Nunawading Arts Centre, Whitehorse Rd, Nunawading. 1/10 & 2/10. Sat 10am-10pm, Sun 10am-5pm. Warringal OS. SPRING. Heidelb~rg Technical School Hall. 8/10 & 9/10. Sat 10am-8pm. Sun 10am-5 pm. Mornington Peninsula OS Inc. WINTER. Cranbourne Shopping Centre, 13/8 to 20/8. SPRING. Karingal High School, Ashleigh Ave, Frankston. 8/10 9am-6pm & 9/10 10am-5pm. TASMANIA Devonport OS Inc. SPRING. Spreyton Hall, Spreyton. 23/9 to 25/9 10am-6pm. Scottsdale OS. SPRING. Mechanic’s Hall. 21/9 to 24/98. Ipm-Spm & 9am-Spm. SOUTH AUSTRALIA South Coast Orchid Club of S.A. Inc. WINTER. Marion Community Recreation Centre. 29/7 to 31/7. 10am-Spm. SPRING. Colonnades Shopping Centre, Nourlunga. 19/9 to 24/9. 9am-5.30pm. Port Augusta Orchid Club Inc. WINTER. Cooinda Hall Flinders Tce, Pt Augusta. 29/7 & 30/7. SPRING. Same Venue. 15/9 to 17/9. Riverland OS. SPRING. Loxton, SA. 10/9 & 11/9. 10am-4pm. WESTERN AUSTRALIA Orchid Society of WA. WINTER. 20/7 to 23/7. 9am-S.30pm Wed & Fri; 9am-9pm Thurs; 9am- 12.30pm Sat. Venue TBA. SPRING. Centre Point Shopping Centre, Midland. 14/9 to 17/9. As per Winter Show Times. WONDABAH ORCHIDS PTY LTD 724 PENNANT HILLS ROAD, CARLINGFORD, NSW 2118 PHONE: (02) 872 2959 A very beautiful and colourful Cymbidium. Baloo ‘Wondabah’ is a pure colour Cymbidium and we have crosses using Baloo as a parent available for sale. Baloo Crosses should produce very spectacular pure yellow flowers. Our new catalogue lists many beautiful new crosses in all genera including Cym, Paph, Oncidiums, NURSERY HOURS June Till Oct 31 9-5 7 days a week BALOO ‘WONDABAH’ AH: (02) 484 6335 Laelia, Species, Dendrobiums and many misc. Genera Meristems‘of Miniature Cymbidiums, Cattleya and Cymbidiums also feature in the Catalogue. All needs for the orchid grower always available at Wondabah and our Agents, fully stocked with our new seedlings including: BRI-ELEN PARK ORCHIDS HIGHFIELDS RD, TOOWOOMBA, QLD Valley Orchids Australia's leading Cymbidium orchid nursery. | Advantages in buying from Valley Orchids Prompt dispatch of your order. Prompt answers to your correspondence. Payment by credit card, cheque or cash, with your order, or on receipt of order. The choice is yours. No charge for packing or documentation. No charge for freight or postage for flasks or small plants. The most comprehensive listing of Cymbidiums available, including over 100 full colour pictures. Plants available in all sizes, from in flask to in flower. All plants are vigorous and healthy. Over 20 years experience shipping plants all over the world gives us the confidence to guarantee delivery in first class condition. We guarantee you will be satisfied or your money will be refunded. Advantages in buying Wholesale or in bulk from Valley Orchids Plant delivery on date/dates of your choice. Plants available in flask, CP size or up to 1 year from flowering. Large range of varieties to choose from. Varieties can be changed with no lead time. In case of plant failure due to disease or accident, replacements are available. Feedback from growers of pot plants in all major markets. Plants from flask to flowering can be produced to your order with no payment until delivery. All latest VO mericlones available in flask @ $1 each in 10,000 lots or $2 each in 1,000 lots. All aspects of cultural advice available free. Continuing supply of new varieties carefully selected from the world’s largest seedling bank. National promotion as required, funded from purchase price of flasks and plants. Co-ordination of markets and wholesale prices as required. Negotiation of national group prices of pots, sleeves, cartons, fertilisers, etc. Special Offer 5 CP size mericlones of the same variety (minimum 3 months ex flask) at mini flask price....save up to $20 per plant on certain varieties. V239 LUNATA ‘PURPLE HAZE' (4 The catalogue that's read in over 40 couniries! Valley Orchids new 32 page full colour 1988 Cymbidium catalogue. This is more than just a catalogue. It is the most comprehensive listing of modern Cymbidiums available. Plants are categorized for cut-flower, pot plant, exhibition and stud use. Sizes from in flask to _ flowering are offered. Prices for one plant to 10,000 plants are set to excite and attract everyone from the beginner to the largest commercial growers and freight is free for flasks and small plants. This catalogue also includes information on plant classification, a glossary of orchid terms and award abbreviations. There is even a list of new orchid names selected from over 400 new names granted to Valley Orchids by the international registration authority over the last 10 years. Valley Orchids new 1988 catalogue is essential reading for anyone who is interested in Cymbidiums. Send for your free copy. Bob & Maureen Nicolle VALLEY ORCHIDS PIMPALA ROAD MORPHETT VALE 5162 SOUTH AUSTRALIA Phone:(08) 381 2609 International:(618) 381 2609 [Aone8 Please sendmeyournew | 1988 Cymbidium catalogue | Name | Address aces Ci arr ta ve UE FEATURING e ae rei cS oe FLASKS READY FOR JUNE, 1988 WHITE / 8618 Margo ‘Zuma Canyon' X Buena Flora 'Suzanne! AM/AOS 86541 Dtps. Orglade's Puff 'Samuel Loeb! X (Malibu Carnival X Kauai Monarch) #1 86582 (Dtps. Double Trouble X Dtps. Orglade's Blonde Belle) X Aubrac 'Q603! * 86626 Florida Snow 'Frank's Choice! X Spitzberg 'Krull-Smith! * 86628 Florida Snow 'Frank's Choice! X (Donna Rigg X Jimmy Hall) * 86634 Florida Snow 'Frank's Choice! X Chamonix 'Ponkan's Big White! WHITE/RED LIP Brae Orchid World 'Bonnie Vasquez! 86576 pe ep Dunne 'Alice' X (Dtps. Alice Loeb X Phal. Zuma Firefly) AM/AOS - Silver/JOGA - Gold/12th WOC acts a 86585 Dtps. Festivity 'B' X Glad Melinda 'Poco Loco! (miniature) * 86625 Bright Lights 'Vegas' X Line Renaud 'B-32! * 86632 (Malibu Felicity X Malibu Lipstick) X Donna Sitton AM/AOS PINK 86536 Melinda Nan 'Capitola' X Scaramouche 'Galaxie' AM/RHS (Pastel pinks, spots) 86538 Spring Silk 'Tropical Pink' X Tungku Afzan '2nd Best! AM/AOS (Medium pink, red lip) 86539 Herbert Hager 'Sal Loeb! X Tungku Afzan '2nd Best! AM/AOS 86543 Spring Silk 'Tropical Pink! X Rosy Flora 'Poco Loco! 86558 Zuma Champion 'Home National' X Joline 'Lisa! 86562 Enchantress 'Rusk' X Lippegruss 'Rusk! 86600 Abendrot 'Krull-Smith' X Abendrot 'Fantastic!' AM/AOS . ; * 86615 LIPPEGRUSS (Lippstadt 'Rosy' X Abendrot 'Fantastic' AM/AOS) Phat. Zuma Winten White * 86622 In the Pink 'Sunnybrook! X Joyau 'Suzanne! Maria Vasquez * 86629 Zauberrose 'Drull-Smith' X Line Renaud 'Krull-Smith' (Pink, red lip) STRIPED 8624 Zuma Happiness 'Zuma Canyon' AM/AOS X Dtps. Orglade's Party Magic ‘Zuma Canyon! 8642 Chickasaw 'Zuma Canyon! X (Proud America X Eva Kruze) 'Zuma Canyon! 86546 Zuma Chorus 'Zuma Valley! HCC/AOS X Tungku Afzan 'Poco Perfection! YELLOW - GREEN 8603 venosa ‘Zuma Creek' X Mary Vance 'Zuma Canyon! 8605 Heart Beat 'Zumita' X venosa ‘Zuma Canyon! 8606 Zuma Winter White 'Zuma Valley! X George Vasquez 'Green Meadow! AM/AOS | - 8649 Goldiana "Zuma Canyon! AM/AOS X Pretty Cute 'Zuma Canyon! i Phal. Bonnie Vasquez 8658 Golaiana 'Zuma' HCC/AOS X Abendrot 'Zuma Royal! (yellow-gold) | ‘Zuma Valley' FCC/AOS 86529 Miami Sunrise 'Lemon Drop! X Pinwheel ' Poco Loco! HCC/AOS (yellow Stripe) 86553 stuartiana 'Sal's Choice' X Miami Sunrise 'Sunny Skies' (yellow novelty) | * 86633 Florida Snow 'Frank's Choice! X Hausermann's Gold Cup 'Everlasting! | (yellow-green) SPOTTED 8631 Samba 'Zuma Canyon! X (Scherzo X Joline) 'Zuma Bonita! i 8651 Carnival 'Bonsall' AM/AOS X Summa 'Zuma Canyon! HCC/AOS nt 86531 Charisma 'Pinkie' X Glad Melinda 'Poco Loco! (miniature) | 86532 Cassandra 'Santa Cruz' X stuartiana 'Sal's Choice! (miniature) | 86588 Dtps. Alice Loeb 'Alice' X Phal. Scaramouche 'Galaxie' AM/RHS * 86609 Elise de Valec #4 X Coquinette 'Krull-Smith! * 86614 Cassandra 'Woody' X Capeline 'Krull-Smith' (miniature) * 86624 Be Glad X Elise de Valec 'The King! (miniature) — Zuma Red Eye ‘Bonnie Vasquez! AM/AOS NOVELTY 86530 stuartiana ‘Larkin Valley! AM/AOS X schillerana 'Poco Loco! (spots) 86540 Zuma Chorus 'Zuma Valley)’ HCC/AOS X Scaramouche 'Galaxie' AM/RHS (miniature - spots, stripes) ALL PLANTS ARE FROM ZUMA CANYON ORCHIDS CALIFORNIA U.S.A. The above listing is for seedlings taken from Flasks 6 months ago & all are in good growing condition with new roots established. Price for each Plant is $4.50 except plants marked with asterisk being $5.50 each plus freight. Write for our 1988 Colour Catalogue containing our latest Flask & Mother Flask Listings. P.O. BOX 236, SANS SOUCI, SYDNEY, N.S.W. 2219 Tel: (02) 522 9623 or (048) 61 4454 i Phal. Carmela's Gem ‘Zuma Canyon! WHERE PARENTAGE COUNTS @ CYMBIDIUMS @ PHALAENOPSIS @ ONCIDIUMS The fine seedling opposite was bred from Winter Wonder ‘Josephine’ and Gardalvin ‘Pastel’. Both are showing themselves to be extremely fine parents. Beautiful results are coming from our early tetraploid Crosses as you will know if you have them. Forward notice is given for those looking for a new standard in pink to familiarise themselves with our breeding parents Sylvester Star ‘Pink Mist’ and Sylvan Star Pink Veil: Crosses will be offered in our November mailing list. Cym. (WINTER WONDER X GARDALVIN) ‘Debbie’ First Flowering June 1988 MAILING LIST If you are not on our mailing list ALVI N BRYANT write now Nursery, 22 Cook Street, Kurnell, NSW, Australia 2231 (near Sydney International Airport) Telephone: (02) 668 9374. International (612) 668 9374 Nursery open Friday (all day), Saturday morning. INTERSTATE AND OVERSEAS VISITORS WELCOME ANYTIME. NEXT ISSUE Volume 53 — No. 3 NATIONAL HER=ARISPRING 1988 Contents : VICTORIA ARTICLES : Diuris punctata. David Banks . §. Australian Native Dendrobiums Orchids after Cyclone Tracey Some thoughts on Dendrobium speciosum. Ted Gregory Asymbiotic Germination of Rufa pterostylis. R. D. Kramer The Ira Butler Awards Dendrobium carronii. Dr P. S. Lavarack ....................... an 6 Past, Present & Future of Australian Native Dendrobium Hybrids. Over Sto ry Phil Spence Experiences in developing the Gloucester line of canaliculatum The type specimen of Dendrobium Hybrids. K. A. MacPherson Fault was collected from the Port Sarochilus hartmannii Distribution & Cultivation. David Banks . CKson area in the early 1800s probably Show Dates p Surveyor-General White and (saunas by Sir James Edward Smith in The variety pictured is D. speciosum REGULAR FEATURES "ar. §randiflorum ‘Mt Larcom Gold’. Letters to the Editor Book Review Buyers Guide Advertisers Index LIBRARY AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 3 eer —————— en HONORARY EDITOR: David R. Wallace EDITORIAL COMMITTEE: G. Hansen, D. R. Wallace, A. Merriman. ADDRESS EDITORIAL TO: The Editor, Australian Orchid Review, 14 McGill Street, Lewisham NSW 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166. EDITORIAL ASSOCIATES: QUEENSLAND: Mr Frank Oelkers, 419 Robinson Road, Beebung 4034. NORTH QUEENSLAND: Mr Ray Robinson, P.O. Box 129, Townsville 4810. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: MrS. A. Monkhouse, P.O. Box 1 O’ Halloran Hill 5155. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mr Rob Manning, 16 Cromer Road, Brentwood, Perth, 6153. TASMANIA: Mr Nicholas, 7 Kelvin Avenue, Moonah 7009. INTERNATIONAL: Mr G. H. Slade, Box 797 Vila. Vanuatu The Official Publication of the Orchid Society of New South Wales, Queensland Orchid Society, Victorian Orchid Club, Orchid Club of South Australia, Orchid Society of Western Australia, Tasmanian Orchid Society. Subscriptions: All overseas orders must be paid for in US dollars. In Australia: one year $A22, two years $A39 Asia/NZ air mail: one year US$28, two years US$50. Other Countries air mail: One year US$35, two years US$58. Surface mail anywhere overseas: one year US$23, two years US$40. TO JOIN AN ORCHID SOCIETY contact these secretaries: NSW: Miss B. Oldfield, 61 Mountford Avenue, Guildford 2161. Phone: (02) 6325712. QUEENSLAND: Mrs Noela Parsons, G.P.O. Box 2002 Brisbane 4001. Phone: (07) 273 1127. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. Phone: (03) 580 4917. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Mr Glen Heylen, Box 730 G.P.O. Adelaide 5001. Phone: (08) 44 4255. WEST AUSTRALIA: Mrs L. Manning, P.O. Box 1122, Booragoon, 6153. Phone: (09) 364 7968. TASMANIA: Mr J. F. Smith, 11 Warren Court, Howrah 7018. Phone: (002) 44 1555. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Honorary Secretary, P.O. Box 38493, Winnellie 5789. Phone: (089) 32 1977. Published and printed by GRAPHIC WORLD PTY LTD. 14 Mc Gill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166 Fax: (02) 560 6677 While the Proprietors of the Australian Orchid Review endeavour to assure the reliability of advertising and editorial, neither the Proprietors of the “Australian Orchid Review” nor the Editor and the affiliated Orchid Societies can assume responsibility for the advice or transaction between advertisers and readers. 4 David Banks Diuris punctata is commonly known as the purple Donkey Orchid. It is an extremely variable terrestrial species throughout its extensive south-east Aus- tralia range. It is distributed from south east South Australia through Victoria and along the east coast of New South Wales to the Atherton Tableland in North Queensland. Diuris punctata is usually encountered in heathland or open woodland in fairly fine graded soil which becomes rock hard during its summer dormancy. Albinos are fairly scarce in our native orchids and are always highly sought after due to their obvious rariety. Whilst the much publicised D. punctata var. abla-violacea is nearing extinction in southern Victoria, it is being cultivated in private collections and botanic gardens — so its continuance is assured. I know of only half a dozen clones of this rare white form. However, it is fortunate that the plants are amenable to cultivation and can be “helped to multiply’ — more on this later. I grow my Diuris in a mixture of 50 per (photo D. Banks) Diuris punctata’ Snowwhite’ HCC/AOC — HCC/NSW cent course horticultural sand, 25 per cent sieved cymbidium compost and 25 per cent bush sand. I know it doesn’t sound flash — but it works. I use standard black plastic pots — 140mm pots are a good size for 2 or 3 tuberoids. Plants are grown under 30 per cent shadecloth and hung above the benches so that no “nasties” can reach them! It is important to initially plant the tuberoid fairly deeply, this helps to main- tain strong flower spikes for September/ October flowering. I dry the pots out slowly after yellowing of the foliage in late November and recommence water- ing in mid February. Plants are kept just moist during the growing season. Whilst plants can be raised from seed, it is somewhat “hit or miss” for amateurs. An easy way to increase the number of plants is the removal of the NEW tuberoid between August and October. By this time the old tuberoid is still plump and the new tuberoid has matured for next years growth. Repot the plant and carefully remove the tuberoid. Leave both parts of the plant in a shady spot for AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 | | | | | | | SES re ef ee ae His G ry epi fe A is eisecss. NPS ke eae on < ei fai ae SER se 3) t Diuris punctata ‘Snowwhite’ HCC/AOC HCC/NSW (photo D. Banks) 72 : gts, cries sakes New tuber carefully removed. Note old tuber and roots. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 rar pts . s sts Banks) WAL anJILL UPTON’S “NEW BREED" OF AUSTRALIAN NATIVE ORCHIDS AT 11TH AUSTRALIAN ORCHID CONFERENCE SHOW Dendrobium Elegant Heart (3'2”) (D. Peewee X D. speciosum) Wal and Jill are releasing new break- throughs in native hybrids at the show in the tent in the Domain, Sydney. Flasks, seedlings, divisions, flowering plants! Highly desirable flowers, often of “tropical” size and colour but cool- growing. Select your flasks from COLOUR PHOTOS of hybrids to flower the year round. Examples of flasks ready now: Dendrobium Elegant Heart X D. ruppianum vy. magnificum (3%4”’) D. Elegant Heart X D. Bright Spark (3” yellow) D. Peewee (short caned large red) X D. Aussie Dream (Big Ellen type) D. Rosella (3” dark red) X D. Hilda Poxon. D. Jombock (long raceme dark pink) X D. Red Baron (good shaped red) D. Mem. Lloyd Bradford (Upright raceme 25 flowers) X D. falcorostrum D. Sunglow X D. Karen Nair (2 good yellows) D. Pixie (very florific) X D. Red Baron (good shaped red) ; Sarcochilus Mavis (pink) X Pteroceras hirticalcar (Yellow with red markings) Sarcochilus ceciliae X S. australis. plus at least 50 other crosses. Special Conference prices are: Commercial Flasks (approx. 25) $20 & $30. Hobby Flasks (approx. 9) $12 & $15. Fun Flasks (2) $4. ‘(DOUBLE U” ORCHIDS 71 Wesley Street, Elanora Heights, NSW 2101. Telephone (02) 9139438 Please send S.A.E. for lists. Diuris punctata ‘Snowwhite’” HCC/AOC HCC/NSW Close up of flower. (photo D. Banks). a couple of hours for the wound to heal. Then repot the “parent” plant into the same pot and mix and water well. Thinking that the new tuberoid has been eaten or destroyed it will produce up to four small new tuberoids. However, you should be happy with one! The new tuberoid you have taken off is also potted and watered once. Then allowed to dry right out until February. More success is achieved if this is done in August — when the flower spikes are only small. If you do it when the plant is in flower it is important to pollinate a few flowers to keep the spike alive and green that little bit longer. This method is also successful for other Diuris species and hybrids and the “Rufa” group of Pterostylis. I was lucky enough for my plant to receive a Highly Commended Certificate from the Orchid Society of New South Wales in October 1987. Both spikes held 10 pure white and apple green flowers. Not only is it very rare, it is also very beautiful. The Virgin Queen of our New South Wales terrestrial orchids. I hope its seven dwarfs grow just as well! @ et © as O90 > ay ke 8) e*, NEW HORIZONS IN HYBRIDISING Schaefers Orchids are one of the largest exporters of standard and intermediate cymbidiums producing in excess of 500,000 blooms annually. We have assembled one of the finest banks of intermediate and standard cymbidiums from hybridists throughout the world. Many new areas of both standard and intermediate hybridising areas in development including: @ Ultra earlies — from early autumn; @® Vigorous high colours for the pot plant trade; @ Multispiking whites and pastels for export blooms. Seedling flasks available from November onwards and mericlone flasks from March 1989. Seedling flasks are priced from $30 — $70. Parents include those illustrated plus: Red Beauty ‘Carmen’ 4N; Red Beauty ‘Princes Frederika’ 4N: Fancy Free‘ Rotorua’; Fancy Free ‘Stanwell Cottage’: Coraki' Margaret’ 4n; Trigo Royales — (various clones) plus many others. Flask list available now Schaefers Orchids Neville & Judy Schaefer 30 Mansfield Rd Galston, NSW 2159 Telephone: (02) 653 1784 @ Fax: (02) 653 2263 Nursery open by appointment only. Please always phone first. 6 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 ~NEW HORIZONS FROM ~ Charles Toovey ‘Princess Lauren’ oo _ Everglades ‘Pink Tower 16 Flowers — July © a ee 15 Flowers April Yowie Flame x Sleeping Dream ‘Natalie 12 Flowers — July Coraki x Trigo Royale ‘Judy 12 Flowers — May/June Winter Wonder x Angelica ‘Butterbal? Via EWE! ‘Yvonne 12 Flowers — June 12 Flowers — ay Sue x Rincon‘ Pink Orb Me Flowers — May Dolly x exit ‘Mt Everest’ ‘18 ISS - = - June : tl Viraim ig, SE Foo02 Trepicad Gardens imams FCO20 FCO23 FCO61 FCOO1 FCOO7 FCO15 FCO18 FCO24 FCO46 RD21 RD22 RD23 RD24 RD25 FDO08 FDO11 FD021 FD022 FDO27 FD037 FVOO1 FVOO3 FVO08 FVOO9 D. APRICHART RAINBOW X MDM. VIPA VIRGINIA TROPICAL GARDENS 88 Brickyard Rd. Geebung Brisbane, Qld., 4034 P.O. Box 85, Zillmere, Qld. 4034, Australia. Telephone (07) 265 5555 (Sat only (07) 265 3522) ISD (617) 265 5555 Telex AA41215 FAX: (07) 265 2768 CATTLEYA MERICLONES POT. CANYON SANDS “ANACONA” HCC/AOS GOOD SHAPE ORANGE RED LIP. SIZE A-$7, B-$10, C-$15, D-$20 BLC. DORCILLE LITTLE “CALICHAN” GOOD SHAPE RED, LIP IS DEEPER RED. SIZE A-$7, B-$10, C-$15, D-$20 LC. HAWAIIN FANTASY “DORA” HCC/AOS PETALS & LIP SIMILARLY MARKED WITH WHITE OVERLAID WITH CREAM, BRIGHT PURPLE TIPS & VEINED THROAT, PARCHMENT SEPALS — AUTUMN. SIZE D-$30, E-$35. BLC. LUCKY STRIKE “MONGKOL TRAKUL” AM SHOW PURPLE, BETTER CLONE THAN “VIRAPONGSE”, SIZE A-$7, B-$1 0, C-$15, D-$20. LC. ECTACY “ORCHIDGLADE” LARGE WHITE RED LIP SEMI ALBA. SIZE B-$10, C-$15, D-$20 CATTLEYA SEEDLINGS C. NETRASRI BEAUTY — (C. THOSPOL SPOT x C. BATTALINI) OLIVE GREEN SEPALS & PETALS WITH MAROON SPOTS, WHITE AROUND COLUMN & FULL RED SPADE LIP. SIZE C-$10. SLC. GALAXY BELL OLIVE GREEN, BROWN SPOTS, WHITE LIP. SIZE D-$10 BLC. PORTS OF PARADISE X C. THOSPOL SPOT AM BRIGHT GREEN, BROWN SPOTS, WHITE LIP. SIZE D-$10 LC. LITTLE IRENE “NETRASIRI” AM/CST X C. THOSPOL SPOT “THIKAMPORN” AM/CST CLUSTER NOVELTY GREEN, YELLOW SPOTTED SEPALS. SIZE D-$10 *BLC. RATTANAKOSIN “NOPPORN” x BLC. SA-NGOB “NOPPORN” EXCELLENT YELLOW, EXHIBITION SHAPE SIZE C-$10 BLC. ELIZABETH HEARN X(C. QUEEN SIRIKIT x GERTRUDE HAUSERMAN) EXPECT GOOD SHAPE WHITES, YELLOW THROAT. SIZE C-$8 DENDROBIUM MERICLONES D. CATAWBA — PRINCESS SHARON x TAKAMI KODAMA) BO eey OPEN BLOOMS LONG SPRAYS. SIZE A-$7, B-$10, C-$15 C.K. AL “OKA” MUCH SOUGHT AFTER-INTERMEDIATE LARGE RED ORANGE LONG SPIKES, SEVERAL TIMES PER YEAR. SIZE E-$25 D. CAROL GOO “WINE GOLD” BRIGHT YELLOW SEPALS, CLARET RED PETALS & LIP OUTSTANDING SIZE E-$25 D. CHITTRAPONG PALE GREEN WITH MAGENTA LIP, HEAVY SUBSTANCE, INTERMEDIATE SIZE E-$25 D. YONG KOK WAH SIZE E-$25 D. FIELD KING “VIROJ” Se eae aN OLD FAVOURITE YELLOW, SOMETIMES HARD TO GET IZE E-$25 DENDROBIUM SEEDLINGS D. APRICHART RAINBOW X MADAME VIPA AS PER COLOUR PHOTO LEFT. SIZES C-$8, D-$10 D. CEASAR 4N X MARY MAK 4N LARGE OPEN PURPLE, WIDE PETALS. SIZES C-$8, D-$10, E-$15 D. JAQ CONCERT X MDM. UDOMSRI DARK RED PETALS, LIGHTER SEPALS, INTERMEDIATE TYPE. FREE FLOWERING. SIZE C-$8, D-$10 (D. HAWAIIAN GOLD X TOMIE) X TOMIE DRAKE AS PER COLOUR PHOTO LEFT. SIZE C-$8. D-$10 (D. RAKPAIBOON x SOMSAC) X (PALEFACE X DOREEN) WHITE PHAL. TYPE. SIZE C-$8, D-$10 D. MADAME VIPA “WHITE” X SINGAPORE “WHITE” OPEN WHITE PALE GREEN SHADING. SIZES C-$8, D-$10 VANDACEOUS SEEDLINGS ASCDA. CHOOLAIKUM “RED” 4N X V. ARTCHARIVA PINK TO RED. SIZE C-$8, D-$10 V. MEVR. L VELTHIUS “ALBA” X V. COERULEA “UDOM” SEMI TERETE WHITE AND GREEN. SIZE C-$8, D-$10 RHYN GIGANTEA WHIT, RED LIP AND SPOTS. SIZE C-$8, D-$10 ASCDA. DAVID PARKER X V. KASEMS DELIGHT VERY DARK BLUE GOOD SHAPE. SIZE C-$8, D-$10 AOR SPECIAL: — BUY ANY 12 (TWELVE) PLANTS AND WELL GIVEYOU ONE OF OUR CHOICE FREE MANY MORE PLANTS AVAILABLE SMALLER SIZES TO SOME FLOWERING SEND FOR OUR LATEST LISTING. THERE AFTER YOU WILL BE KEPT UP TO DATE AS STOCK COMES TO HAND. WE CATER FOR BUS TRIPS IF ASKED AT ANY TIME. FACILITIES FOR SOCIETY GATHERINGS BAR-B-QUES ETC. ARE AVAILABLE NURSERY OPEN 6 DAYS CLOSED SUNDAYS AND HOLIDAYS, UNLESS BY SPECIAL ARRANGEMENT. AUSTRALIAN NATIVE DENDROBIUMS FROM FLASK TO FLOWERING —_—_—_—_—_—____.. Choosing your Flask In choosing a flask of Australian Native Dendrobiums a number of points need to be taken into consideration. Firstly, in regard to the physical aspect of the plants in the flask, a most important factor is that the plants are still growing strongly at the time of deflasking; any plants Which have stopped growing, usually because they have exhausted the nutrients in their growing media, are difficult to get going again once they have been deflasked. At best, considerable ume is lost in the plants becoming established, and in the long term this Could very easily result in them taking an extra season before they flower, and when all is said and done, flowering them Is the name of the game. € plants in flask, nearing deflasking, should have a good balance of leaf Srowth as compared to root growth. Generally speaking the roots should have Just about covered the bottom of the flask. Leaf growth will vary according to the species or hybrid in the flask. Very Pale green or yellowish leaf growth is usually an indication that the nutrients in the flask have been exhausted or that the flasking media is a deficient in one or Other of the substances that it should contain. Whether the flasks contain species or hybrids, the same type of questions need to be asked as to the quality and suit- ability of the parent stock for breeding. In the wild, nature arranges the pollination of Plants so that the overwhelming majority of seedlings are siblings rather than selfings, as there are definite advantages in this type of breeding which 8lves a better spread of the genes within the Species and avoids the possibility of breeding in and fixing the poorer qualities In the flower which is selfed. It goes without saying that only the very best of Stock should be considered for breeding, and even when these super plants are available, a lot of thought and weighing- Up of possibilities should be indulged in efore actually making the cross. Some plants have a history of breeding behind €m and we can refer to this to ascertain f €ir various dominant and recessive ey others we may be breeding with Or the first time, and here it is important to consider where each ofits parents have son dominant and recessive charac- eristics in the past, and from. this, together with all our other information and experience, make an educated assessment as to whether the mating is likely to produce the result we are seeking. No hybrid should be made without due consideration to a number of factors which are critical to the result in every instance. In my opinion the most important of these are: 1. Plant size... Preferably compact and tidy. 2. Spike habit . . . Clear of the foliage and upright or semi-arching, as distinct from drooping. 3. Floriferousness and flowering period . .. We should be aiming at an abun- dance of flowers over an extended period. 4. Lasting Qualities... Flowers of good substance and texture will naturally outlast thin and papery flowers, so good heavy substance has high priority. 5. Ease of culture... Itis important that we try to avoid hybridising with parent stock which is itself difficult to grow. This trait will almost assuredly be passed on to . the progeny. 6. Colour . . . Should be clean and bright, any markings must be well defined — not smudgy or blurred. 7. Size and Shape . . . In our Native Dendrobiums we have an infinite variety of size and shape of flower. I feel very strongly that we should be making a conscious effort to retain them all in our breeding programmes. By all means improve the size and shape where that is possible without losing the individual character of the flower. Do not place too much emphasis on “round and flat’. After all we are not breeding magnolias. Before you purchase your flask consider all these factors, discuss them with your supplier. You will learn a little more about the plants you are purchasing and their prospects of success. Only buy flasks that you are satisfied contain CYMBIDIUMS SPECIAL OFFERS election $80 per ten election $120 per ten ulbs, our selection $20 per ten bs, our selection $40 per ten NEW EXTENSIVE CATALOGUE OCTOBER ’88 ot 5 Peacock Ave, Gawler, SA 5118 Deter Chiles Orchids ESE Phone (085) 22 3883 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 ee : . Mooroolbark Orchids Mainly Masdevallia Cool growing little dazzlers We are delighted to offer the first release of our plants IN FLASK, many of these crosses will flower as small seedlings . .. Masdevallia for late spring delivery... infracta ‘Wine’ x peristeria haematosticta veitchiana ‘Sol’ x ignea. .. HEATHII *Angelfrost’ x *Harlequin’ (Limited) tovarensis x polysticta *Angelfrost’ Purple Haze x self veitchiana Grandiflora x floribunda “Angelfrost’ x coccinea magenta (Limited) coccinea magenta x infracta. .. REDWING “Angelfrost’ x welischii coccinea alba x chaparensis Vented polyflasks with 15 + plants $20.00 Our Masdevallia SPECIES list is available in our general catalogue e.g. tovarensis. ignea. caesia... flasks of 20 + plants $30.00 Our natives for 88/89 include. . . Den. ‘Ellen’ Red x monophyllum Den. fleckeri ‘Peach’ x monophyllum. Den. fleckeri x agrostophyllum Sarc. ‘Melba’ pendula x fitzgeraldii Sarc. ‘Melba’ x olivaceous Sarc. fitzgeraldii Rose Centre 4cm x self all at $12.50 per flask, freight extra. Please send stamp for current listing including potted seedlings & future releases as flask & community pots. 6 BELLARA DRIVE MOOROOLBARK VIC 3138 Phone (03) 726 0060 Viewing by appointment arranged to suit. NEW ZEALAND GROWERS... ‘THE HOUSE OF ORCHIDS’ 145 MANUKA ROAD, GLENFIELD, AUCKI 4ND Phone 444 9771 f Lakeside ~ Orchids EXPERIENCED NORTHERN TERRITORY GROWERS OF LOWLAND TROPICAL ORCHIDS. Intermediate Dendrobiums, JVB Vandas and vandaceous topcuts are our speciality. Send S.A.E. for price list. Location: Lot 31 Nottage Road, Bees Creek (34 km from Darwin on sealed roads). Postal Address: P.O. Box 39422, Winnellie, N.T. 5789. is weicomenere Proprietors: Lloyd & Win Kent Telephone (089) 88 1004 plants with a fair chance of producing the type and colour you require. With every flask you take a chance, but by critical assessment of what you are acquiring, along the lines set out above, you must improve your chances of success. Deflasking The best time to acquire flasks is in early Spring so that when they are deflasked they have a full growing season ahead of them. Before deflasking, the plants in the flask should be allowed to stand in an area of moderate light, pre- ferably in a glasshouse or other protected area. Some types of flasks have to be broken in order to remove the plants. It is sometimes recommended that the flask should be wrapped in newspaper and smashed, the idea being that the news- paper protects the person doing the smashing, this may be so, but it does little for the plants inside the bottle! I prefer to mark around the outside of the bottle or flask etc. with a good glass-cutter. A gentle tap on the marked line breaks it neatly in two and the plants can be lifted without harm. I prefer straight sided bottles or flasks; then all that is necessary is to take off the cap and hook out the plants, media and all, with a piece of wire, and place them on paper on the workbench for separation. As my plants are separated I wash each one individually in a solution of two litres of tepid water to whcih has been added one teaspoon of Captan or other suitable fungicide and six drops of Formula 20. After washing, the plants are placed ona piece of paper towel which holds enough of the solution from the washed plants to keep them in good condition until all have been processed. I then select the largest of the plants and plant them individually in 50mm tubes. I usually replate sufficient flasks to enable me to discard the really small plants; however if these are required they can be potted up into a community pot (about 15-20 plants to a 150mm pot). In either case they are planted in a mix of eight parts each of seedling size pine bark and similar river gravel and one part each of seedling grade charcoal and horticultural grade perlite from which the dust has been removed. For quite a number of years I used a mix of equal parts of bark and gravel with quite good results, however since I have added the charcoal and perlite to the mix, improvement has been apparent and I shall certainly continue with the new mix. As each 20 or so plants are potted up I move them to their growing area in the shadehouse under 70 per cent shade and water them with a mixture of one heaped teaspoon of Captan or other suitable fungicide and six drops of Formula 20 to 10 litres of water. If the weather permits (not too hot) they are then left for two or three days before normal watering. They are then treated in the same manner as all other natives in the shadehouse, that is, water as required. I water quite frequently, but this depends on each individual grower, and every grower seems to have his or her own idea on the subject. Since this article appeared in “The Orchadian”’ I have changed my fertilis- ing programme slightly in that I now feed every seven days throughout the year. On alternate weeks I use one quarter strength Aquasol and an organic fertiliser such as Fish Emulsion, Nitrosol etc., again at one quarter strength. All my plants, babies through to specimen size receive the same treatment and they appear to be thriving. I am convinced that one of the most important factors in growing our Native Dendrobiums is the environment in which they are grown. Just as you create a specific environment in a glass-hosue in respect to light, humidity, temperature, etc., you can create optimum conditions in your shadehouse that will give you that feeling of buoyancy so often quoted by our scribes, particularly in describing glass-house conditions which they describe as feeling “‘right’’. The basic requirements of a shadehouse are well known. I like a roof a little over two metres high, benches about half a metre above ground level, made of gal- vanised pipe and mesh and give full air circulation; they also tend to deter pests like slugs and snails, which appear not to like walking? — creeping? — over galvanised surfaces. The southern wall should be closed in with fibro cement or similar material to keep out the cold/wet conditions which come from that quarter. The western wall should be closed in with glass, alsynite, or other translucent material to block out the seasonal westerly winds, and at the same time to take advantage of the much needed afternoon light in autumn and winter. Some portion, preferably the south- west corner should be roofed over with glass or alsynite to provide a protected comer for those plants which need controlled watering in winter, and as protection for those plants being groomed for shows etc. Having at least two areas of different shade value is a distinct advantage. I would suggest 50 per cent shade for the main growing/ flowering area and 70 per cent shade for smaller plants just out of flask and up to near flowering size. Sarcochilus alo prefer the 70 per cent zone. The foregoing suggestions for a shade- house are only basic requirements. These need to be worked on, as dictated by the position of your shadehouse and every other factor such as shade from neighbouring properties etc. Try to AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 a ee ne achieve that elusive “atmosphere” that your plants will enjoy; you know the feeling, like walking into a shaded dampish gully or creek area, the air somehow feels different, not damp and cold, but moist and just a little cooler than elsewwhere. There is just a hint of air movement; it feels good, it will feel that way to your plants too and they will respond accor- dingly. To achieve these conditions one of the first areas to receive your critical attention will be the floor; not just the area between the benches, but wall to wall, preferably before the benches are Constructed. If the floor is hard earth and Slopes even moderately, water from watering, misting, etc. Will be lost almost Immediately. If necessary form a series of flat areas and shape you benches to suit the area; they do not all have to be square and tectangles, the more you break them up the more interesting the area becomes. The more important part, or one of the important parts is what is under the benches. After levelling the floor I fill with about 300mm (6 inches) of boiler ash and wait for this to settle before constructing the benches. Now if you wish to maintain some degree of peace in the home cover the ashes with 25 to 50mm of small blue metal or gravel — this stops the black from the ashes walking up onto the new carpet, but more FERN MARKET importantly it allows the moisture held in the ashes to permeate through the gravel into your growing area, a good soaking of the floor will maintain conditions of good humidity for days, even in summer time. There are other factors governing environment, but in the main they are small adjustments involving individual shadehouses and you will pick them up as you go along. The main thing is that you are now looking for ways of achieving that “perfect environment’. Small changes can make big differences. Culture The actual culture of you plants is a very individual matter, growers have varied ideas about growing media, pot sizes, feeding, etc. If your method is working for you — do not changeit, at least do not change it until you have tested the proposed change on a few plants for at least a full season — then evaluate critically and honestly before you com- mit your whole collection to change. For many years my collection, from babies up, grew in a mix of 50 per cent pine bark and 50 per cent gravel with very good results. Over the past couple of seasons I have experimented with a mix containing 40 per cent pine bark, 40 per cent gravel, 10 per cent charcoal and 10 per cent perlite (charcoal and perlite seived to remove dust). I have been sufficiently impressed by the new mix FOR SALE “Oliphant” 4ft laminar flow unit and other lab equipment. Miniature and intermediate Cymbidium collection and some miscellaneous plants and accessories. Plus premises. Phone (065) 53 7438 Before 8am cr after 8pm AT DINGLEY FERN MARKET WE DO NOT GROW ORCHIDS WE DO NOT EVEN PRETEND TO GROW ORCHIDS BUT “BOY” DO WE EVER SELL ORCHIDS We buy the best orchids from some of the top breeders and growers in Australia on a weekly basis. This ensures that there is always fresh, interesting, new stock on hand. Unfortunately, due to our rapid stock turnover, we are unable to produce lists or mail order. SO PAY US A VISIT AT: 233 Centre Dandenong Road Dingley, Vic. (Opp. Howard Rd) Open Daily 8 am — 5.30 pm AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 eee Victorian Agent — WONDABAH ORCHIDS WOULD YOU LIKE TO BECOME ONE OF OUR PRESTIGIOUS SUPPLIERS? IF SO, PLEASE CONTACT US Il Florafest Orchids John Woolf (Manager) P.O. Box 7011, TOOWOOMBA, 4352 TELEPHONE (076) 30 1102 — A.H. (076) 34 2953 LABORATORY AND NURSERY. OPEN BY APPOINTMENT ORCHID CONFERENCE SPECIALS 10% Discount on any 12 plants or 15% discount on any 24 plants All plants Ex. 50mm pots. Sarcochilus $4 ea. All others $3 ea. This offer open till 31/12/88 Den. Jane Leaney (delicatum x speciosum ‘Buttercup’) Large pure white delicatum x gold speciosum. 0480 Sar. cecilae ‘Gladstone’ x cecilae ‘Caliope’ Species. A sibling of two exceptionally large clones 0502 Sarcochilus Fitzhart A sibling of two fine clones. Masses of blooms in Spring. Quick grower. 0508 Den. Ellen (kingianum ‘Anduramba’ x tetragonum ‘Giganteum’) Remake of an easy to grow native hybrid. 0526 Den. kingianum ‘Dark Red’ x delicatum ‘Snow White’ Results similar to kingianum with good colours. 0628 Den. Hilda Poxon (speciosum ‘Buttercup’ x tetragonum ‘Giganteum’) Remake using excellent parents 0769 Den. fleckerii x self A selfing of this cool growing orange species from North Queensland. Species. 0802 Den. x Delicatum (speciosum ‘Buttercup’ x kingianum ‘Corrigans Red’) Large blooms excellent colour. 0808 Den. seciosum‘Compactum’ x falcorostrum Compact plants with upright sprays of white booms 0836 Den. speciosum var Compactum ‘Red Cane’ x self An extremely dark caned raceme flowers spotted with red 0840 Den. kingianum x self Dark pink of excellent form. 0842 Den. delicatum ‘Beaudesert x speciosum ‘Julatten’ Very large growing delicatum x white selected speciosum. 0843 Den. speciosum ‘Buttercup’ x Adae = Yellow Venture White to cream flowers. Good sprays. 0845 Den. speciosum ‘Doncaster x falcorostrum Large golden yellow speciosum x crystal white falcorostrum. 0862 Den bigibbum ‘Select x self Excellent mauve form selfed Queensland Species. 0900 Den. (Sunglow x tetragonum) x speciosum ‘Buttercup’ Compact plant using excellent parents. 1066 Den. Peach Glow ‘Malis’ x Golden Fleck ‘Mon’ Gold to peach blooms. Extremly beautiful. 1067 Den. Susan x fleckerii Large peach coloured blooms 1105 Sar. Mavis x fitzgeraldii ‘80% Red’ Looking for solid red blooms of fine form. 1106 Sar. cecilae ‘JilP x ‘No. 3’ Large robust plants carrying large deep pink blooms. 1161 Den. kingianum ‘Kens Pink x kingianum ‘Russelfs Red’ Two excellent dark purple clones crossed. Species. 1210 Den. Sunsprite x speciosum A very full yellow blooms on compact plants. 1414 Sar. Fitzhart ‘Wollumbin HCC AOC x Melba Many large whtie blooms on each raceme. 1418 (Para Perky x Sar. hartmannii) x Sar. fitzgeraldii ‘Pink Expect large pink spotted blooms 1420 Sar. Weinhart White or Cream blooms spotted dark brown 1421 Sar. Fitzhart No 1 x Rhin. divitiflorus Flowerings to date carry long sprays of yellow barred blooms 1422 Sar. Melba Sprays of beautiful large white blooms 1423 Sar. cecilae ‘Townsville’ x cecilae ‘Roseus’ A crossing of two excellent clones 1424 Sar. cecilae ‘Upton’ x cecilae ‘Jil? Sibling cross fo two fine clones. 1513 Den. pugioniforme x speciosum var. grandiflorum Very unusual cross looking for green flowers. 1732 Phaius grandiflorus x self Terrestrial orchid with large sprays of orange/brown blooms. Sar. fitzeraldii ‘No. 1’ x Fitzeraldii ‘Lyn’ Two excellent clones used in this crossing. AIR FREIGHT (Door to door) $9.00 Extra — Send a Stamp for a full plant & flask listing. All plants sent Bare Root... Offer closes 31st December 1988. Mail Order Specialists — Satisfaction Guaranteed — Commercial flasks available on request Florafest ... A festival of living colour! (ot) bankcard welcomehere 12 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 Over the past two seasons that I am now prepared to move my whole collection into it as I repot, with one exception — for plants that I expect to remain in the Same container and mix for more than three seasons I delete the charcoal, becuase after this period, if you are feeding with chemical fertilisers, the Charcal becomes toxic to the plants through absorption of chemical salts and results in root loss. I prescribe wholeheartedly to Mr Alvin Bryant’s article on “Magic Water”. In this article Mr Bryant states that credit is given to a lot of new fertilising pro- grammes, when in actual fact much of the credit for the improved performance is due to the more regular and efficient watering programme co-incidental to the feeding programme. In other words if your plants are contained in a suitable growing media, grown in a_ suitable environment, and receive sufficient water at correct intervals, they will grow Surprisingly well without additional feeding. However I feed all of my plants as mentioned previously. I feed once a week, and if possible I like to water at least twice between feedings. Sufficient water at regular intervals, so that the Plants are never stressed by the need for waters is of paramount importance in any feeding programme. If plants which have been fed with chemical fertilisers are allowed to dry out completely they are at risk of damage by reverse osmosis. With the right combination of environment, water and nutrition you will flower your Plants at close to their full potential, but neglect any one of these facets and their Potential will never be realised. Pests The pests which attack our Australian Native Dendrobiums are many and varied, however with regular and careful Shadehouse and glasshouse hygiene, removal of dead leaves and tissue, weeding and generally keeping the area Clean and tidy, most of the pests can be dealt with without resorting to the more toxic Sprays on the market today. I regularly visit one very good collection where regular (3 to 4 times a year) sprays of a Lime Sulphur compound, readily available at any nursery, appears to afford almost complete control of pests. Red Spider is a pest which is often not treated until the infestation is well estab- lished. There are specific sprays for red Spider (miticide), or very good control can be established by biological means with predatory mitrex ... Wax Scale is readily controlled by some of the less toxic insecticides in conjunction with a small percentage of White Oil. . . Dendrobium Beetle seems to be more of a pest in collections which are in close proximity to areas of wild growing orchids. They also thrive in neglected collections. Control is difficult, but can be established with systemic insecticides while in the larval stage. However for the eggs to reach larval stage a great deal of damage has been done, for when the eggs hatch they burrow into the new growth on which they were laid and turn the growth into a rotting, unsightly mess. Constant vigilance and good hygiene is the best control for this pest . . . Grubs and Chewing Things are relatively easy to control if you are observant and prepared to spray several times a year as a preventative measure. “Dipel” gives almost complete control ... Aphids are probably the worst pest of all in nuisance value. You never see them unless you have flowers almost ready for a show or club meeting. They mass on the flower spike, puncturing the flowers and buds and in many instances causing the buds to abort. They will also attack succulent new growths causing marking and pitting of the soft tissue. They have been mentioned as possible vectors of orchid virus. Some pyrethrum based sprays can be used without damage to the open flowers, however they should not be used in the heat of the day otherwise the flowers will be severely marked and may even drop. Some of the new granular systematic insecticides which are sprinkled on the surface of the growing media and watered in, claim success, however if the aphids are already on the flower spikes it is too late for this type of treatment. It would, however seem to be an ideal form of preventative treatment for those special plants being groomed for shows etc. particularly if the treatment was com- menced as soon as the flower spikes initiated. Extreme caution is urged in the use of this type of insecticide as they are very, very toxic. Flowering If you have been fortunate or zealous Border Hills Orchids Australian native hybrids, cattleyas and paphios. Grown in the crisp mountain air of Queensland’s Granite Belt. Send stamp for list. Bankcard and Visacard welcome P.O. BOX 288 STANTHORPE QLD 4380 TEL: (076) 81 1386 enought to have missed out on, or controlled all the nasties mentioned in the preceeding chapter you will have flowers in pristine condition for exhibi- tion, provided that you have carefully tended you plants since the flower spikes first became noticeable. Make sure that none of the spikes get caught under leaves and become twisted. As the spikes begin to extend the plant should be removed to a sheltered situation to avoid dust and water damange. All watering should now be to the growing media only, and not over the whole plant. Daily inspection is necessary at this stage as aphids and their relatives can sneak in overnight. It is possible to speed up flowering slightly by placing plants in brighter or warmer (or both) conditions. If your plant is in full flower, it will last longer in good conditin if kept in darker, cooler conditions. Anyone can grow and flower Australian Native Dendrobiums. The end result will depend entirely on the amount of time, effort and vigilance that you are prepared to expend in following this most satis- fying of horticultural pursuits @ First published in The Orchadian, September 1986. Permission granted by the author for republication in the Australian Orchid Review. CYMBIDIUM CITY ORCHIDS 25 School Drive, Banksia Park, S.A. 5091 NURSERY OPEN May to October (incl) 10 am to 5 pm Sat/Sun SPECIALISING IN CYMBIDIUMS FROM ACROSS THE TASMAN Write now to be placed on our mailing list. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIE W, SPRING 1988 ORCHIDACEOUS Specialist supplier of ORCHID BOOKS & GIFT LINES featuring ORCHIDS Write now for your free catalogue: ORCHIDACEOUS P.O. Box 118 Lismore, NSW 2480 Phone (066) 28 1438 Growing Point Nursery 12 Ala Moana Rd, Kurrajoing E N.S.W. 2758 Telephone (045) 73 1857 Spring is here! Now is the time to come and see us. Mini & Inter. Cymbids, many multi- spiked and in flower. Mericlones and seedlings. CATTLEYAS incl. Blc. Toshie Aoki ‘Robin’ Lc. Little Suzie and others. Soft canes, native hybrids, odds and ends of stuff we've divided up. Stanhopea, Maxillaria— Phalaen- opsis etc. Hobby flasks. Incl Brassavola acaulis x self Cattleya amethys- taglossa x self. S.AE. for list. Freight your choice Aust Post; or Skyroad, 5K = $9.00 Money with order. We’re 20 mins from Windsor, Love to see you. Please telephone before visiting. Societies & clubs very welcome. Natural Cork Bark Ideal for mounting all types of epiphytic plants including native orchids, bromeliads, elkhorn and staghorn ferns. HOBBY PACKS 30cm x 20cm (12 pieces) $25-60 nett 30cm x 10cm (30 pieces) $32-10 nett Bulk Bales (random size) $214-00 nett — approx 50kg PORTUGAL CORK CO. 7 Bearing Road Seven Hills, NSW (02) 674 2222 4 Dividend Street Mansfield, QLD (07) 343 7677 Country enquiries welcome, postage or rail freight charges. Prices subject to change without notice. please add 14 ORCHIDS AFTER CYCLONE TRACEY It all began in 1975 after Cyclone Tracy when Lloyd and Win Kent, in repairing their house and garden in suburban Darwin, thought the time was ripe to buy a dozen orchid seedlings and one flowering plant, and start a small collection. Those few plants from Cairns hung in a tray under the back steps for months until a shadhouse of modest pretensions (6 x 3m) was ready for occupation. Joining the Orchid Society of the NT followed and the purchase of a few more plants. This was the period when members were building up their stocks of plants again after the cyclone’s destruction. The Kents had the task on behalf of the Society of buying in quantities of plants from Queensland nurseries. Often they pur- chased and added any unsold plants to their collection. So their numbers grew. A visit to Singapore resulted in the purchase of some vandaceous topcuts. Some flasks of seedlings were also obtained. It was time to register a business name — Lakeside Orchids — and sell some plants to the public. The shadehouse was added to three times until all of one side of the house was taken up. Meanwhile at the back and other side expanding beds for vandaceous “ground” orchids began to take up all available space. Quantities of these and flowering size intermediate dendrobiums and oncidiums were being brought in from Bangkok, Singapore and Cairns. It was then possible to begin selling cut flowers to Darwin florists. Such was the situation by 1982 that orchids had just about taken over the Kent’s residence. A move to a rural block was imperative. Whereas it took about half a day to shift the Kent’s household effects to their tall timbered 2 hectare block at Beens Creek, some 34 km from Darwin, it took close to a month with two vehicles to relocate all their orchids to the new shadehouse and ground beds made ready. It was one of those ‘“‘never again” exercises. Today, with upwards of 30,000 plants, principally intermediate dendrobiums and vandaceous, Lakeside Orchids is one of the larger nurseries in tropical Aust- ralia, selling orchid plants locally, inter- state and occasionally overseas, and supplying cut flowers to Darwin florists. However, these are still early days for the nursery which is aiming primarily at the cut flower trade in Darwin (and _ulti- mately interstate) as much of the stock is not yet up to flowering size. There has been much to be learned — and more yet to be learned in this develop- ing period — about optimum require- ments for a whole range of different plants in the Top End’s particular version of lowland tropical climate. Here, with a rainfall of approximately 1500mm (60 inches) concentrated mainly in the months December to March, the climate is predominantly dry. Recognising this, much of the local “philosophy” of growing orchids in the lowland tropics has been rejected, and with encouraging results. Their experience suggests that orchids will ride through the comparatively short “wet” season without much trouble (they grow their heads off in this period). Emphasis needs to be placed rather on the longer dry season with relatively low humidity so: (1) They have fully enclosed shade- houses, rather than open-sided, for dendrobiums, oncidiums, cattleyas, strapleaf vands etc. because they believe that in their situation, of the two impor- tant factors of sustaining humidity/ moisture and providing good ventilation, the former is of greater significance and iny any case, the coastal Top End is not short of sea breezes and dry south- easterlies. Further, they have moved from 50 to 70 per cent shadecloth for den- drobiums and similar, while the young stock is under 80 per cent and much of the outdoor, vandaceous is under 30 per cent. (2) They have developed a substantial windbreak of trees (some natives) and shrubs and a line of windbreak material to keep as much of the prevailing dry south- easterlies as possible. (3) They water once a day (in the late afternoon, to boot) unless it has rained and frequently water in the morning as well in the dry season. In their situation they believe the last thing they want to do is to let plants “dry out” between waterings. An automated water system on town supply renders this task easy. It should be mentioned that they carry out regular preventative fungicide spraying programs with Physan 20, Benlate and others. (4) Except on the larger plants, they use a finer potting mix which would typically AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 COLLECTORS CORNER GARDEN WORLD SPRINGVALE RD, KEYSBOROUGH 3174 Collectors Corner is an exciting new concept in retail nurserys. Our staff and management are not salesmen. We are collectors and hobbyists like yourself. We know what you want We take pride in what we do, as can be shown by the incredible displays at the nursery! Collectors Corner includes: We aim to have the largest O R Cc IH l D WoO IR L collection available in Victoria SPIRIT OF BONSA CACTI CORNER ani tnscinatsrata COLLINS HORTICULTURAL BOOKS Mid September will see the opening of the new look Collectors Corner. 2/2 times the size of the old one, bigger displays, far greater range and all at very reasonable prices. LE Top cymbidium mericlones $4.50 — Each well advanced in pots. Our nursery is now recognised around the world as a leader in many fields and a visit to Collectors Corner is a rewarding experience. Many of our regulars come just to browse, talk and see what's new week to week Collectors Corner is set next to one of the largest retail nurseries in Australia, so you Cannot expect to walk in and out in one hour! One of the best displays in Australia WANTED ORCHIDS To improve our range and quality we are looking for unusual and common orchids for resale. We would like anyone in Australia who has orchids available to please contact US and send us your availability lists. We will soon be creating a listing of all orchids available in Australia so that we Can offer a one stop service to all our Customers and be able to answerthose special requests. We also offer a plant reselling service to hobbyists, where we will try to sell your flowering plants at a small com- mission rate. We even have lock-up areas behind glass for those expensive or delicate gems All we ask is that your plants are free of pests and diseases. COLLECTORS CORNER C/o Garden World Springvale Rd, Keysborough 3173 PH (08) 798 5845 TILLANDSIAS THE TRUE AIR PLANTS Tillandsias is the hardiest member of the member of the Bromeliad family and will survive in a large range of conditions, even growing suspended on a piece of wire! All plants to be sold are hard grown adult flowering size. Some plants are well over 10 years old and are extremely rare in Australia Instructions supplied. All plants are guaranteed to be in excellent condition. TILLANDSIAS ARGENTEA Fine Leaf ... ARGENTEA Thick Leaf... ATROVIRIDEPETALA ... CAPUT MEDUSA FILIFOLIA IONANTHA IONANTHA V. SCAPOSA. IONANTHA RUBRA .... MAGNUSIANA $50.00. All 15 of the above $140. Save $20. SELERIANA SELERIANA STREPTOPHYLLA STREPTOPHYLLA 3”-4” thick 4”-6” thick No list available. This is a limited offer on a first come first served basis. Include 10% Postage & Packaging. This range of Tillandosias is a small example of the incredible range of plants we have! The latest and the Loyessi od ed ake] Eelesale) osstts from ABC Orchids, Taiwan for showbench and cut flowers Breeding Line and Flower Count can be verified on. ; request. — STRIPES | P. Happy Valentine X Paifang Queen P. Darling Taiwan X Matoo Freed PINK y Neve Eagle X Abendrot ‘Chen (11 (sem) 2: of the best Pinks y WHITE P. Mount Kaala Elegance X P. Mount Kaala Asia — 2 first class Show Bench Whites. P. Camelas Dream x Self — “the! best White on the market. _ WHITE WITH RED LIPS. S DIPRS: Odoriko. Nishiizu xe Mount Kaala. Elegance — | expect this crossing to be very hard to beat for beauty and Flower pen: All wee orchids are available i in 3 sizes. Flask 20 to 30 Plants $25, 00. Established Com’ Pot 20 Plants $35, 00” Selected Com’ Pot 10 Plants $20. oY These Prices are Ex Sydney There are 500 more plants to choose from in our glasshouses ranging from $10.00 to $500.00 per plant. _ Please ring before visiting Usa 16 be one part of charcoal, one part of pine bark and two parts of peanut shell. (5) They use plastic pots. They are cheaper and they hold the moisture better. They do not drill additional holes. This is hardly a traditional approach but it brings results. They aim to fertilise plants at about half strength three times a week 52 weeks in the year. Pressure injection fertilisation eliminates the labour from the task. Presently they alternate Aquasol (plus additives), Phostrogen, Wuxul and Maxi- crop. They are not sure which of these fertilisers is best, but plants, young and old, flourish and young dendrobiums come through to flower in less than half the time they use to with the previous methods. Orchid pots are ideal germinating grounds for innumberable weed seeds. Weeding was for the Kents a major task. They now apply quarterly to the pots the pre-emergent weed killer Ronstar and the results have been dramatic. The fine granules of Ronstar need to be shaken into the pot when the plant is dry avoiding any particles lodging in the crown of the plant or leaf axils where they may cause minor damage to a plant. The Kents believe that most deteriora- tion in root and superstructure results from the failure to repot regularly. They aim to repot mature dendrobiums and similar every two years. They have found it necessary to vary a lot the conditions which they grow their ground orchids (Arachnis, Renanthera, Aranda, Mokara etc). It is clear that their requirements for light and shade vary greatly from Vanda Miss Joaquim that would pretty well stand full sun all day to Mokaras that appear to like up to 70 per cent shade. The have tried no shadecloth, strips of shadecloth alternating with open strips, all over 30 per cent shadecloth and other variations. They are now developing a number of beds under a scattering of tall trees against a strong westerly shade break of trees and shrubs to break the afternoon sun. There is evidence that a number of lines, including Arachnis, Arantheras, Arandas, and Holttumares are appreciating a situation in which they have in the morning sunlight and shade (from the trees) alternating as the sun moves across the sky, with substantial afternoon protection. On the other hand, their young Mokara Mak Chin Ons surprised them by flowering under 70 per cent shade, giving a clue to their require- ments. All the above constitutes an ongoing learning process in which they aim to provide optimum conditions for their range of plants in our climate in their particular situation @ CHARM ORCHID NURSERY 11 GRANVILLE TCE, MARYBOROUGH Q, 4650 PHONE: (071) 21 5833. Props: C & M Hausknecht. 30 years experience in Orchid culture. Exclusive to Charm: “The Superior Parentages Cattleya Book No2” Top quality orchids imported from Hawaii Seedlings to flowering size Cattleyas, Cattletonias, Dendrobes, intergeneric crosses @ Proven quality Instant Use Boiled Australian Pine Bark Readily available in four grades $13 Bag. @ Wire Hangers PLEASE SEND SAE FOR PRICE LISTS AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 Ted Gregory _ The very mention of the word speciosum 1S enought to start me reminising back to the late depression to when our rain- forests were being felled endlessly to expand the dairying and beef industry. And after this came the Second World War which sped up the process even more. In those days orchids were of little Or no value and were just left to rot or be burnt by the following fires. As most of us know by now D. speciosum is now divided into six varieties by the botanists for various reasons. The varieties are as follows: D. Speciosum var. speciosum D. speciosum var. hillii, D. speciosum var. grandif- orum, D. speciosum var. curvicaule, D. Speciosum var. capricornicum and D. Speciosum var. pedunculatum. I propose to deal with each of these individually as I 80 along and also to throw in some thoughts and experiences on breeding with these most beautiful orchids, As I have often said if the Americans had this Orchid in their backyard it would have been number one in the world years ago. But being a nation of knockers that we are I find that D. speciosum is only just starting to get the recognition and atten- tion it deserves. D. speciosum var. speciosum This superb orchid occurs from just below the Victorian border and runs fairly continually north to Alum Mountain on the central coast of NSW where there seems to be a rather definite cut off point. It's main habitat is the rocky eastern escarpments of the Great Dividing Range that skirts the coast in this part of Australia. It is not often seen growing on trees these days; but I often suspect it would have been rather common on trees in those beautiful rainforests on the south coast of NSW that white man so quickly destroyed. One of the favourite memories of my childhood is of the fabulous musky perfume that pervaded the Hawkesbury River escarpments in the spring evenings when countless thousands of these plants were in bloom. Var. speciosum is a very robust grower, with rather short heavy canes tapering AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 eee D. speciosum var. pediculatum. Herberton. A NEW LOOK CYMBIDIUM FROM NZ Firevieux “Hadfield Triply”’ AD OSNZ First Australian release of a most attractive freak. Sepals are red and petals are cream with red spots on 4 gr Orders will be taken in rotation $10 plus $2.00 pp for each 2” tube size only. Our usual range of showbench orchids also available from $3.50 Send S.AE. for new listings. W & B Crouch, Cymbidium Orchids, 129 Austin Road, Seaford 3198 Phone (03) 786 3428 Please mention Orchid Review FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones Phalaenopsis top quality seedlings and stem propagations Paphiopedilum showbench and primary hybrids Cattleyas Cymbidiums Oncidiums Miltonias Odontoglossum Alliance and Zygopetalums. FREE LIST ON REQUEST. PARADE ORCHIDS PO Box 11 Highbury, South Australia 5089 Phone: Nursery (08) 380 5142. FAMOUS CYMBIDIUM NAMES, LARGE RANGE OF CLONES AT SPECIAL PRICES NOW 6”-12” leaflength over 12” leaflength Bulb + lead(s) Freight & handling extra Send stamp & SAE to MAYFIELD ORCHIDS 12 Mayfield Rd. Cranbourne, Vic 3977 Phone (059) 98 5471 quickly from bottom to top with normally three or four leathery leaves near the apex. The flowers of var. speciosum are normally a light creamy colour, with the odd clone producing deep yellows and pure whites. The average flower would be around 40mm from top to bottom with odd ones running to double that and over. This is one thing a lot of us are inclined to overlook; that is the fact that there may be a million clones of D. speciosum out there, but they are all seedligns and hardly any two of them are exactly the same when one gets down to close examination. One of the strongest features of var. speciosum from a plant breeder’s point of view is the strong, fairly upright raceme. To this one can add the fact that the flowers are usually well spaced on the raceme. In my experience most of the breeding and hybridising that has been done with Australian orchids concerning D. speciosum has been done using var. speciosum. Whether its potential is fully exploited or not as yet in one of the questions that will plague all interested orchid growers for a lot of years yet, in my opinion. Even though I love hybridising our Australian natives I am rather more interested in improving the species. This is a field I think all orchid growers should become involved in Mother Nature was doing a fairly good job here till 200 years ago but from now on, the rest is up to us. I guess a lot of people would class a person as a first grade idiot to be growing D. speciosum seedlings that will take years to flower when you can buy a large plant off a dealer for afew dollars. But here lies one of the great difference for the future. What are the chances in nature of two top clones mating? Perhaps one in a thousand! This is where the great improvement will occur in our orchids: by selective breeding we will have much superior parents to call on: this in turn will lead to much improved hybrids — even primaries. At the moment it is hard to say what will happen with crossing between the dif ferent varieties of D. speciosum: a few have been done but not many flowers have been seen as yet. One case that comes to mind is that of D. speciosum var. speciosum ‘Ermine x D. speciosum var. grandiflorum which was done years ago by friend Harry Klose. “Ermine” is a large white from the Wattagans with a lot of purple on the labellum. The var. grandiflorum was also a good form of its tribe. The results to date have been outstanding. D. speciosum var. hillii Having grown up in the foothills of Barrington Tops area this was one of the orchids from WOH Meta lhe Hu nexpenrive way of obtaining that CONNOISSEUR COLLECTION. Ty FLASKS oc COMPOTS prove or upgraded 1988 Autumn Catalogue LC. MCFARLANE GIFT (Lc. Clothilde x C.Gene May) DEN. FIRE IMP(Den. Minnie x Den. Milroy) ASCDA. BLUE CHIPS (Ascda. Mary Stock x V. coerulea) (PHAL. LANA SCOTT x PHAL. CARNIVAL) name pending. These are typical examples of Successful Outstanding Crosses flowering today We nvite aboue crosses ane uo louger avaclable, fo share with us our you PROGRESSIVE HYBRIDISING PROGRAMME. Dout watt until we are rold out aud be dissappointed, Send Now For Our 1988 Spring Catalogue. aow avacable ocr owe Freshly Prepared Orchid Culture Medium é&« dobby packe or bulk, 72 Mount Peter Road (Corner Mann Street and Mount Peter Road) Edmonton, North Queensland 4869 please phone (070) 55 4751 before visiting 18 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 - ee eee eee first orchids that I was to become familiar with. The fact that they were just called rock lillies yet grew on trees did not cause me any headaches at all in those days. At One stage I had to walk nearly three miles through the bush to school and have many memories of the white cascades in the heads of many of the brushwoods along on the way in the Spring. I also have memories of the same walks in the winter, when it used to be getting quite dull before Wwe were let out of school. Starting in the Barrington Tops D. Speciosum var. hillii continues north to about the Brisbane area after which it Slves way to var. grandiflorum. Var. Aillii is much more an orchid of the rainforest than var. speciosum; which in the main always showed a preference for the rocky outcrops. This applies along the Coast and well into the ranges but on the inland side of the ranges there are many var hillii happily growing on the rocks 00. Var. hillii on the average is a much taller tower than var. speciosum, with canes of 4 metre or more not uncommon in areas where the plant is growing in heavy brush. It grows into huge specimens under favourable conditions; I have seen clones that would fill the back of a small truck rowing on big strangler figs and corduroy beeches. T have often wondered if the length of cane is more or less controlled by the plants’ need to reach sunlight. As I said earlier it is not uncommon for plants growing on trees with a dense canopy to have canes a metre in length. Yet I could walk half a mile to a bare escarpment where the same var. hillii were growing as lithophytes; as squat and compact as any var. speciosum ever was. I have all the known varieties of D. speciosum growing in our nursery and I am now developing a suspicion that plants grown under the same amount of light over a period of years tend to develop canes of the same length. This of course is a rather loose statement, as plants of var. pendunculatum will never quite get the length of grandiflorum: but any one who cares to look at our plants and compare the ones that have been shade house grown for years to recently collected plants can see a talking point. This point will be clarified in a few years aS we are growing all the forms of D. speciosum from seed in our nursery. The flowers of var. hillii are quite small in comparison to var. speciosum: but in my experience a plant of var. Aillii grown in the same conditions will generally have more racemes per cane. Normally var. hillii flowers do not open very widely: in fact 25mm is quite a good flower and usually the spike is very crowded and rather dropping as well. CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS Over 120 TOP LINE export quality flowers in a wide range of colours. Priced from $6. Abbreviations: Plants 12-280cm. leaf length (P), bulb & lead (B. & L.), flowering size (F.S.). For complete list please send S.A.E. STANDARD CYMBIDIUMS AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIE W, SPRING 1988 rn a a Be Ee a Sl These healthy mericlones are forwarded bare-rooted by air, rail or express mail. CASH WITH ORDER, Packaging & delivery IPEC (door to door delivery) anywhere in Australia parcels up to 10kg. $20 — SKY ROAD EXPRESS (door to door delivery) all states in Australia Parcels up to 3kg. $9 Air Mail (over 500 gms.) from $11 Ordinary mail N.S.W. $5. The Orchid Factory 9 Royal Place, Bardwell Park, N.S.W. 2207 P.O. Box 46, BEXLEY, N.S.W. 2207 Phone (02) 59 2395 Automatic Humidity for Small to Y Medium-size Glasshouses. Self- Y contained unit plugs into 240-volt directional dome and auto humidistat (20-80% range). Also automatic level control. FREE BROCHURE ON REQUEST PARADE ORCHIDS PO Box 11 Highbury, South Australia 5089 Phone: Nursery (08) 380 5142 water Keith & Kathy Barlow's STAGMANIA NATIVE NURSERY 107 KENT STREET, GRAFTON. 2460 MAIL ORDER NATIVE ORCHIDS STAGHORNS, ELKHORNS BIRD NEST FERNS An extensive range supplied loose, potted, mounted or standing on natural wood. Licenced Picker No 30P0643. Wholesale orders of lose plants wanted. Public welcome but please phone for appointment. (066) 42 5262 srosnaods B&L$11 P. $6 P. $8 P. $8 $6 $8 P. $6 P. $7 B.& L $12 P. $7 B&L$12 P. $6 19 weicomenere -aph. Ayjay ‘Thos’ AM/Nsw No 1077 Breeders of quality hybrids in the Paphiopedilum and odontoglossum genera. Write for a current flask listing from our modern laboratory. S.A.E. C/O P.O. P.O. Box 61 Bilambil Berowra NSW 2486 NSW 2081 it \ ‘= Mastercard accepted. = 20 | a) Bankcard and Gas) Colour is usually white changing to cream as the flowers age. However there are some clones that open very well and also have very upright habits, in fact the best clone I have for habit comes from the inland limit of its range. I also have one clone that was given to me as a seedling from Woko in NSW that has large flowers as well spaced as a normal var. speciosum. Being a longtime fan of D. x delicatum has perhaps given me me a bit of an insight into what to expect in breeding so here goes. In comparing natural D. x delicatums made with var. speciosum var. hillii I find the only great difference is in the size and shape of the cane in the hybrid. The var. speciosum progeny have a much stouter cane that those produced by var. hillii The ones I know of from Alum Mountain have slightly larger flowers on the average but some of the var. hillii progeny I have, show that no rule is without exception. Another interesting point is that many of the var. Aillii progeny have just as upright spike as the one with var. speciosum parentage. One interesting sidelight to our breeding is the fact that we are discovering clones that produce hybrids that flower much more quickly. Here is one more facet where a little more brain power would come in handy. Think of all those clones that no one has bothered to use and think of the gene pool that we may never tap! D. speciosum var. curvicaule. Townsville. Since coming to Tamborine Mountain I have had a bit of a chance to study var. hillii on this end of its range, which is regarded as being close to its northern limit — which has given me a chance to compare it with the forms from my old stamping ground on the Hastings- Manning area of NSW. After all this I think I may be more confused than when I started and begin to ask myself are there such definite cut-off points between the different varieties of D. speciosum as some people suggest or do they gradually merge into one another as they exist up and down the length of the Great Dividing Range? The following are a couple of examples that immediately spring to mind. I have viewed quite a few clones on the mountain here over the last couple of years and although most of them are what we would call straight var. hillii a few appear to me to be more or less inter mediate between var. Aillii and var. grandiflorum. There is one locally collected clone in a garden on the mountain here that is a fairly deep yellow with flowers larger than most var. hillii I have known and that are spaced out more like var. grandiflorum. I have also seen clones growing on the western cliffs as lithophytes of a very similar appearance. Also, on the average I find the foxtail of flowers up here greater in diameter. I have not set foot in the bush in the Cunninghams Gap area as yet but as I AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 drive through the Gap on my way south at the right time of year up on the rocks above the highway, I can see many clones of D. speciosum; all of the deepest gold, and a deep colour right from the word go. They look superb through binoculars: one of these days I must hope for an hour to Spare and get a closer look. D. speciosum var. grandiflorum —Peciosum var. gsranaijiorum I thought the D. speciosums from Alum Ountain and the Hawkesbury were the peak of perfection, but after a few years and a few friends up here I am not nearly So sure! I think any southerner would be a little moonstruck at his first sighting of a 00d var. grandiflorum; especially if it Was a deep golden one. This was the first thing that I learnt about var. grandiflorum; for every deep golden One there are an awful lot of deep creams and yellows. In this regard all varieties of D. speciosum have this in common: that is the fact that the flowers will range from downright ordinary to purely fabulous. Var. grandiflorum occurs from around ambour and at least as far north as Miriam Vale which seems to be about its northern limit. The plants are very similar to var. hillii in appearance except when in flower, with canes ranging from squat to well over a metre tall, depending to a great extent on the amount of light received by the plant. I have a few clones at the moment that I have swapped for with friends who have the time to do a bit of D. speciosum var. capricornicum. Yeppoon. D. speciosum var. hillii ‘Woko’. Large well spaced form. Gloucester N.S.W. Cym. Fairy Rouge “Lavender Falls” This beautiful burgundy coloured miniature is lightly scented and flowers in June/July. Masses of dainty flowers on pendulous spikes is a distinctive feature of this plant. Easily flowers 5 spikes on a small plant. (as pictured in a 165mm pol). Flowering size plants from $30.00, includes postage paid within Australia. MAIL & PHONE ORDERS TO: 38 ENGADINE AVE, ENGADINE. PHONE: (02) 520 4830. BANKCARD/MASTERCARD WELCOME Quote name, number and expiry date. SEND STAMPED §.A.E. FOR OUR FREE CATALOGUE. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 21 ee ORCHID CULTURE MEDIA for Sowing and Replating AS USED BY VALLEY ORCHIDS AND OTHER LEADING NURSERIES. * SPECIALISED MEDIA for all POPULAR GENERA * GENERAL SOWING ard , REPLATING MEDIA * LIQUID MERISTEM MEDIA ALL MEDIA ONLY $5.50 PER 1 LITRE PACK INCLUDING PACKING AND POSTAGE IN AUSTRALIA * ALL MEDIA ALSO AVAILABLE IN PACKS to prepare 10 litres $40.00 * HORMONE KEIKI PASTE in 3ml tubes for stem propagation of Phalaenopsis $4.00 per tube including packing and postage in Australia. * SUBSTANTIAL DISCOUNTS For orders over $100.00 %* FRESHLY PREPARED MEDIA Dispatched promptly by air mail. Please specify genus and whether sowing or replating medium is required. P.O. BOX 201 KINGSWOOD SOUTH AUSTRALIA 5062 (08) 31 7237 (08) 271 0690 (After hours) BANKCARD AND MASTERCARD WELCOME PLEASE SUPPLY YOUR NAME, CARD NUMBER AND EXPIRY DATE 22 serious study and collecting in the bush. The plants may look like var. Aillii, but once the plants begin to flower there is quite a difference. The scrapes are so long and heavy that most of them arch over and some are definitely pendulous: I have seen a few that are like a giant banksia in habit and very effective to my eye at least. Also some have a very upright raceme which catches my plant breeder’s eye and sets me wandering off to the future, with visions of that perfect flower. The flower on most var. grandiflorums are inclined to be a bit bunchy, but some clones combine that upright spike with a large and well-spaced blooms. In fact I have a couple that are well arranged as a good var. speciosum. The flowers can run from around 40mm (which would appear to be a fair average) to well over 80mm on exceptional clones. I was lucky enough to be given a clone that regularly carries a raceme a full 600mm in length and flowers just over 70mm. And this on a division not long out of the bush! I wonder what a plant such as this is capable of when it really gets going? The flowers on many var. grandiflorum open and set very nicely (wide and flat) as long as one gets sunny weather as the flowers are opening. If the weather is dull they will set in a more or less half open position, which rather spoils their appearane for show. Maybe it is something to do with my culture; but I have found that for me var. grandiflorum is a very regular flowerer, with some clones flowering heavily every year as against var. speciosum and var. hillii that are inclined to be more biannual for me, making a lot of growth one year and flowering well the next time round. I wonder just how dominant the golden colour is in var. grandiflorum? In theory, ifit is as strong as it looks, one could mate it with an albino D. kingianum and get yellow or gold D. x delicatums! Anyhow, I thought it well worth a try, so I did the bee act with the richest golden clone I could find and a very nice D. kingianum that gives every appearance of being an albino. The progeny are all planted out now (planted out in Novem- ber 87) and are thriving: so hopefully we will see a new colour range in the old faithfull cross in a couple of years time. In straight species improvement we should see some fabulous colours from matings of top forms too. The only inhibitions I have regarding these plants are as follows: will the length and weight of the racemes of this variety produce flowers that may droop and thus offend the judges in the resulting hybrids? And will the results be cold-tolerant? This is of prime concern to southern growers and I hope most of them will give it a go as they saying goes. @ Don't be frustrated If your glasshouse isn't giving the results you want. 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We also manufacture large | DEALER ENQUIRIES Petar yiiac chil WELCOME commercial houses — call and talk to us. fMDAPra GLASSHOUSE PRODUCTS AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 D. speciosum var. curvicaule. - As we work further north along the coast of Queensland to the Mackay region the form of D. speciosum again changes quite a bit and becomes known as var. curvi- caule: and this is the variety that carries on up to roughly the foot of Cape York. Var.curvicaule is quite often different in the shape of the canes when compared to the southern forms of D. speciosum in the fact that these canes taper from either end. In the old days we used the word fusiform to describe this shape. (Hope it’s still current!) The canes are also often rather flattened rather than round as other D. speciosums. I have many clones of this variety that have quite strong colouration in the sheathing on the new growths; this fades as the sheaths dry out but is noticeable enough for some weeks. Under Tamborine Mountain conditions I find var. curvicaule will make huge growths in the bushhouse and is inclined to be very much bi-annual in flowering for me, making many growths one year and flowering very freely the next. In my limited experience pure white flowers are more common in var. curvicaule than the other varieties of D. speciosum although the colour range is otherwise typical of all D. speciosums, Tanging from white through to cream and yellow. There may be deep golds up there as In var. grandiflorum but T have not been lucky enough to see them as yet. Spike habit is very similar to var. speciosum, ranging from semi-arching to very upright. Some of these have just about the most appealing arrangement I have seen in this great family of orchids. The flowers in general are not as big on average as those of var. speciosum and var. grandiflorum — around 30 to40mm normally — but with the odd hero up to 70mm or more. The flowers appeal to me with their more rounded segments than the varieties mentioned above and make me wonder what will happen in our hybrids when more clones are used and proven out. A clone of this var. curvicaule loaned to me by Harry Klose is just about the best textured flower of any D. speciosum variety that I have had anything to do with up till now, lasting twice as long as most of my other clones. Flowers are only normal cream in colour but well spaced and large. The poor thing is always loaded with pods but still does extremely well. A couple of years ago I crossed two lovely clones of var. curvicaule and as usual I got about a million seeds and proceeded to grow a cartload of them. I have trays of var. speciosum, var. grandi- Jlorum and var. curvicaule sitting side by side on the benches plus one inter-varietal and each variety has shown differences right from planting out. The var. grandi- florum seedlings have grown bv far the Cymbidiums of UD tahinathions SINGES928 JUBILATION GERONIMO aA Ga AOL AOS: (Patent No. 58494/86) 14 INCH LEAF LENGHT PLANTS $50 PLUS POSTAGE $3 VICTORIA, $4 INTERSTATE LARGER PLANTS OF ‘GERONIMO’ TO FLOWERING SIZE P.O.A. OUR 1988 SHORT LIST OF SELECTED CYMBIDIUM SEEDLINGS IN COMMUNITY POTS IS AVAILABLE NOW. HODGINS ORCHIDS P.O. BOX 108 FRANKSTON 3199 PHONE (03) 787 5554 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 (ee ee ee RYOOnONOOOOOHOWSREE?Ee”EO>OO DOlrwOE@>™RN. Cymbidiums, Cattleyas, Dendrobiums & Paphiopedilums Specialists in mail orders If you require quality orchids at reasonable prices then we invite you to visit or phone EVELIN ORCHIDS Cnr Old Northern Rd & Laughtondale Gully Road, Maroota 2756 NSW Australia Phone (045) 66 8243 From Flask to Flowering Size Plants Divisions of quality imported stock Please write or phone for current lists. ORCHIDS ALWAYS IN FLOWER 23 || _ from our agencies: (Q'Ild) 24 “W.S.W. 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We are pleased to announce appointment of sole South Australian | Agents Chriss and Jeff Roe, trading as Cymbidium City Orchids, 25 | School Drive Banksia Park, SA. 5091 — Phone 264 6126. Other Australian Agents in your State: _ Tamborine Metntein | Orchids, 158 Long Rd Eagle Heights Q'ld 4271 (075) 45 1303 @ Splendid Exotic Orchids & Ferns, 6-14 Plantation Rd, Corio, Vic 3214 (052) 75 3931 @ Chelita Farm Orchids, Treeton Rd, CavatennelD W.A 6284 (097) 55 5440 (Freight applicable to catalogue price in states other rem NSW) In Addition!! Full range of all orchid genera always in stock at Wyong Tamborine Mountain Orchids, (NSW) Wondabah Orchids, ‘Double U’ Orchids & Down Under Native Orchids MAGNIFICENT DISPLAY OF FLOWERING PLANTS ON NOW!! | Personal attention and advice — Call or phone — Open 7 Days - = _ Send 70¢ stamp for catalogues — Full mail or phone ove credit card | facilities. Visitors are welcome to view our major display at ‘The natrelian 15th September to Sunday SePieneed 18. BASFORD ROAD, LAKE MUNMORAH, N.S.W. ‘AUSTRALIA — TELEPHONE (043) 58 8563. _ Springtime Flora Festival, Mount Penang, Near Creston) mAUrSday.| quickest, followed by the var. curvicaule with var. speciosum running a definite last. The var. curvicaule seedlings have one outstanding feature when compared to the others in the fact that they are all show ‘Stong pigmentation; the same as one ~ gets in adult plants of var. penduncu- latum. Whether this will fade as the plants grow only time will tell. The inter-varietal mentioned is between one of the best var. speciosums and the best var. curvicaule that I have yet seen, and by the growth of the seedlings there definitely seems to be a hybrid vigor there. They are twice as big as their straight neighbours on the bench. Having been born an optimist I am looking forward to seeing them flower and produce so-called super speciosums! Even a lot of our cool- growing native hybrids such as D. Bardo Rose, D. x delicatum and so on may produce different features when remade with these different varieties of D. speciosum, especially if a better clone is used on the other side. D. speciosum var. pedunculatum. In the days before Steve Clemesha sorted the varieties out this jewel of an orchid was just known as D. speciosum var compactum. Var. pendunculatum is unusual that it goes over the Great Divide more so than all the other varieties that are more inclined to favour the eastern side of the range. The Atherton tableland Herberton area is the heart of var. pedunculatum country, though I believe its range extends as far north as the Palmer River. The name var. pedunculatum is very apt for this variety, as it describes its most important feature — the peduncle — which in common language is the stalk that carries the head of flowers on the plant. In other varieties the peduncle is usually only up to 10mm long, but in var. pedunculatum it can be anything from 25mm to over 50mm! Next to its peduncle the most out- standing feature of this variety is its size. (Or the lack of it!) Many clones never produce a cane over 50mm in length, whilst an odd giant might make almost 200mm. As one would gather from the dwarfish appearanch in general var. pedunculatum grows almost exclusively on exposed rock faces, mostly in full sunlight, where over millenia it has learnt that small is beautiful when it comes to controlling moisture loss in an environment that can be very harsh at times. The plants are rather dwarf overall, every compact, in fact the canes on some of the very small clones sometimes look very like a small potato. On the larger clones the canes taper from either end as does var. curvicaule. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 I find also that clones of var. peduncu- latum that have been shadehouse grown for a number of years are gradually Producing proportionally longer canes. Whether this is shade or just a better food Supply I cannot really say, perhaps it is a little bit of both. On Tamborine Mountain find that var pedunculatum is not happy Sitting on a bench even though my benches are chest high, but prefers to be Tight up against the sarlon where it gets as much sun as nature can provide. One feature of var. pedunculatum that I Tegard as unique is that it will flower for years off the mature growths but only from the apex of the cane. I have yet to see 4 genuine var pedunculatum flower from anywhere but the apex eye. Most clones of var. pedunculatum are rather heavily pigmented; some showing 4 rich purplish shade on the new growths, the flower scapes and the underside of the leaves. This could be caused by the forms’ €xposure to so much intense sunlight in nature; in shadehouse conditions I find it ISappears from some plants over the years. In my conditions I find the plants of Var. capricornicum from the Carnarvon area retain more coloration than the var. Pedunculatum does. here is no doubt about var. peduncu- latum being dwarf in habit but no way are the flowers dwarf when they emerge! I have seen flowers from white through to Cream but none of the yellows or golds D. speciosum var. speciosum ‘Dorothy’. Grown from seed collected Hawkesbury area. that show up in the other varieties. Perhaps they are out there but I am yet to see them. To me there seem to be two different types of flower on var. peduncu- latum: one that does not seem to open very well and the other opening to a large flat flower of great appeal. This is the form that interests me greatly as a hybridist. I think a whole new field lies hidden in the makeup of this variety. When trying to evaluate a variety of D. speciosum the first thing I like to do is to make D. x delicatum with it. This is a hybrid that we all are so familiar with that we can use it as a yardstick to see if there are any different qualities in the new parent. We have already learnt that var. pedunculatum allows the colour of the other parent to come through strongly and can produce very large flowers. Whether it is general in this form or not I cannot say as yet but we do know that some clones of var. pedunculatum will produce hybrids that flower in less than two years from flask: which is quick in my culture for a dendrocoryne. [also have a penchant for dwarf- growing plants. I think there is great charm in a compact plant covered in flowers. I have always admired this type but never got around to doing anything about it until my interest was jogged again by orchid breeders from Japan visiting our nursery and going into raptures over plants of var. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 Tannery Lane, Mandurang, Vic, 3551 (8 km from Bendigo) Telephone (054) 39 5273 Open 9am to 5pm Wednesday to Sunday Come and see our large display of Orchids in bloam. Thousands of Plants for Sale from Flasks up to Large Plants in bloom. See the Parents of our Seedlings and Clones in Bloom. Guided Tours, BBO and Picnic Facilities Available. Birds and Animals on Display in a 20 Acre Bushland Park. The 11th Mandurang Arts and Orchid Festival will be | held here on 1st and 2nd October, 1988 — Orchids in Bloom, Art Show, Craft, Music and Fun for Everyone — A Mandurang Community Project. Bankcard, Visacard and Mastercard Welcome. Price lists forwarded on request. Bus Trips Welcome. 25 LABELS Tay Per100 (Qty White From left to right L1545 Utility label 90mm long (3%2”) $4.45 L1546 Flower pot label 125mm (5”) $5.65 L1549 Tie on stake label $5.55 L1547 Display label 125mm x 66mm (Sib ”) $21.15 L1548 Marker label $5.55 SQUAT POTS Plastic Black or T/C Round 50mm 80mm 100mm 115mm 125mm 140mm 165mm 170mm Prices on application Plus delivery (pots only) MAXICROP 5 lite........... $27 Sizes AUST WIDE DELIVERY (FREE) SHADECLOTH 50m Len., WOVEN x 1.83m GREEN BLACK N1586 32% 114.23 N1588 50% 107.82 N1589 50% 114.23 - N1591 70% 118.62 N1592 70% 126.15 N1595 80% 160.62 N1594 80% 176.14 N1596 92% 228.16 FREIGHT: ADD $7 per roll 50m len, WOVEN x 3.66m GREEN BLACK N15995 50% 218.34 N15996 50% 204.96 N15998 70% 244.40 N15997 70% 229.27 N167041 80% 287.18 FREIGHT ADD $7 per roll 50m len., KNITTED x 1.83m GREEN BLACK N15995 (50) 169.00 N1611 (50) 166.50 N 1616 (70) 183.65 N1615 (70) 182.25 N16167 (80) 230.60 N16165 (80) 222.61 FREIGHT ADD $7 per roll Orders To: BERRYS NURSERY SUPPLIES P.O. Box 389 Strathpine Q, 4500 (07) 205-5022 Unit 4, Stanton House, Southpine Road, Strathpine Q, 4500 (07) 205-5022 BANKCARD ACCEPTED 26 pedunculatum and D. kingianum var. pulcherrimum. Speciosum var. capricornicum. EE This was the last variety of D. speciosum to be described by Steve Clemesha in the Orchadian and as it is the one I know the least about I thought I would leave it till last. As with var. pedunculatum the name is apt and self-explanatory as this orchid grows in a deep belt from the coast in to the Carnarvon Gorge along the Tropic of Capricorn. To me as a deeply interested orchid grower it seems difficult to define a typical variety of capricornicum, as within its stated area there are forms that appear to me to be that different from each other as to be awkward to be all put under the one banner. Over the last nine years I have seen a lot of plants from this area which gives me a little more confidence than I should have to talk on them; as I have yet to visit this area of Australia and I hate commenting on things that I am not familiar with There are a lot of dedicated Australian native orchid growers in this area (south- east Queensland) who have had long experience in Northern Queensland and are very methodical in the tabulating of their collections. Their experience I am making use of here. I will deal here with the two forms that I am most familiar with. Some of these were given to me years ago in New South Wales and are well known to me. The Carnarvon Gorge form itself has a wide range of flower habit; even though the clones from there all look similar to me. The plants I have seen are mainly fairly compact in habit, rather like the larger forms of var. pedunculatum than var. curvicaule Here again the very harshness of the climate would accentuate the compactness. All the clones I have of this area are pigmented to some degree; one in particular being the heaviest pigmented clone I have yet seen. Some plants flower with a heavy scape warm conditions. A large range of species and hybrids to suit new growers, serious collectors and those seeking free flowering plants for intermediate to VERY PROMPT MAIL ORDER IS OUR SPECIALTY. Phone or mail orders using Bankcard, Visacard or Mastercard Welcome, including export overseas. We invite you to visit our nursery at 15 HOAD STREET, , EARLVILLE, CAIRNS or write (Please include postage stamp) for our latest listing to P.O. BOX 404, EARLVILLE, QLD 4870. Ph (070) 54 1746. Specialisly ir Species, Ouchicls of large, well-shaped blooms that one would be hardput not to mistake for var. speciosum — and with virtually no peduncle. At the other extreme there are clones with the peduncle and flowers of true var. pedunculatum. The rage is rather incredible for just one area. The more coastal forms in this range are more like a scaled down form of var. curvicaule to my eye, tidy compact plants quite often with slightly fusiform canes and not much pigmenting in the ones I have seen. Most of these have very good habit: nice upright spikes and well shaped flowers, very much like var. curvicaule with nicely rounded segments. Most of these have a peduncule of good length and carry their flowers high. I have also noted that there is a high percentage of these with clear white flowers; whereas the Carnarvon form has mostly creams and an occasional good yellow. One thing that interests me as a breeder with this coastal formis its early flowering habit. I know clones that flower regularly late May and early June down here. I would love to know if they flowered the same time when they were in situ. If this early flowering is at all transferable we should be able to increase the length of the flowering season of our hybrids in future. We already know that these forms produce tidy compact plants. And hope- fully nice flowers next spring as well. Acknowledgements My thanks to all the orchid growers who, over the years, have taught me most of what I know. A tinge of sadness here; as I realise how time passes one by and how many of these friends have passed on over the last few years. My thanks to Steve Clemesha and for the interest he aroused in Australian native orchids with his revision of D. speciosum in the early eighties. Also a thank you to Harry Klose and Morrie Clench for knowledge shared. And to my daughter Ellen — who can type off heiroglyphics! @ AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 PNW anle)ceiemei=aanliarsiielame)| the Ruta pterostylis md alo) Kole] ¢=1 0) ahYamt=1¥7-\0 |) ax @r=1<)K-) (0) Text R. D. During the past few years there has been a resurgence in interest of the Australian terrestrial species particularly the genus Pterostylis. While this is €ncouraging to see the move has proven to create enormous problems from a Conservation point of view. Land clearing and exploitation through excessive Collection have already decimated Several colonies and the trend appears to be growing. Native orchid growers and Societies realised something had to be done and done fast. Through this fore- Sight, nearly all states have created tuber anks whose primary aim is to distribute artificially grown tubers of both common and extremely rare species to interested growers. The Rufa group, however, have been largely ignored as most do not reproduce Kramer asymbiotic means. The symbiotic method perfected by Mark Clements is not used by us as this requires an intense knowledge of the various fungi and their association with the plants. Although having initially received very negative responses from the “noted authorities” (views which were cultivated by the misconception that Australian terrestrials would only germinate if the correct fungi was present) results have now been sufficient to firstly silence the critics and secondly to plan a further programme of tuber production for the grower, botanical and commercial market. This article is intended to dispell the myths about germination, and most importantly to stimulate others which share a mutual interest in conservation and growing of these unique plants. Progression of Events in Germination Species date flasked germination leaves tuber planting out Pt. rufa aciculiformis OR TOR IBD Bane saEE Pt. gibbosa SOG ALLE) WS 5.5.88 29.6.88 Pt. mitchellii 19.10.87 Bis 1) 2433 5.5.88 29.6.88 Pt. hamata 29.11.87 9.1.88 10.2.88 not yet taken from flask Pt. woolsii 29.11.87 10.1.88 5.5.88 5.6.88 10.6.88 vegetatively but merely form replacement tubers. This makes tuber distribution a Non viable proposition as the aquisition of tubers can only be from rescue digs or illegal collection. oth of these avenues have been un- acceptable to the: tuber banks. Some of se Pterostylis are so rare that mass Production of plants is required to ensure eir future. Two such endemic and rare Species are Pt gibbosa from the Illawarra region and Pr woolsii from the New England Tablelands. Both of these Species habitats have been extremely Vunerable to predation by over-zealous Collectors, which have in some colonies already decimated large numbers of plants, In the early sixties some research was Undertaken by several people such as Warren Stoutemire of the USA and by Our own Canberra Botanic Gardens, namely by G. J. Veitch, D. K. MclInty and symbiotically by Mark Clements. To my knowledge, however, no large scale Production of seedlings has been pro- duced by these means for the keen grower Nor for the commercial market. For these and the above reasons we Jave been actively researching and flask- ng this group of plants using only The method we employ to achieve the maximum seed germination is by “‘green pod”. This has two main advantages 1amely the flasking of the entrie pod and most importantly better germination. The pods (which are extremely small and fragile) are harvested when the pod reaches a transparent papery stage. Speed is essential at this stage as several hours later the pod has usually already split. I found that if pods were harvested earlier than this the seed was usually unripe and germination was extremely slow to non existant. Flasks are housed in a temperature and light controlled environment at 22°C with 16 hours artificial light. Initially flasks are kept in total darkness to stimulate ger- mination. Initially we found growth to be rather slow (at protocorm stage), but as leaves were initiated growth accelerated significantly. Each progressive stage of development is shown by the photographs. From the time of seedling to planting out should not take more than 6-8 months. Deflasking Remove the plants carefully as plants are very brittle. Place in a community pot AUSTRALIAN ORCHID RE VIEW, SPRING 1988 OS ORCHID SPECIAL A&B FERTILISERS Food for all Orchid Species Crystalline — fully water soluble — _ especially manufactured for better orchids. Rich in 8 essen- tial mineral trace elements. ORCHID SPECIAL A (Yellow Compound) 11.13.16 Applied at initiation of flower spikes and continued through to the end of flowering. The high phosphorus and potassium and the low nitrogen content stimulates flowering and ensures a better bloom. ORCHID SPECIAL B (Blue Compound) 30.4.8 For established plants, applied at completion of flowering through to initiation of flower spikes. Young and developing orchids should be fed regularly the whole year. The high nitrogen stimulates plant growth and plant vigour. Packed in 500g 3kg and 30kg units. Periodic feeding 15 g in 5 litres of water. Regular feeding 2 g in 5 litres of water. Campbell Orchid Special A & B Fertilisers “just for good orchids” For the name of your local supplier contact: NSW: Canfel (02) 533 3417. Frank Slattery Orchids (02) 50 7985, Lagoon Nursery (02) 982 9849. VIC: Fertool Distributors (03) 793 3844. QLD: Burnell Agencies (07) 394 2211. WA: Nurserymens Supplies (09) 353 2536. SA: Munns (08) 293 2442, Lawlors (08) 43 9636. TAS: Horticultural Supplies (003) 34 1244. NT: Tropigro (089) 84 3200. A product of COLIN CAMPBELL (CHEMICALS) PTY. LTD. 41 Birmingham Street, Alexandria, NSW 2015 Telephone (02) 667 1527 D.N.& L. ORCHIDS MAROOCHYDORE ROAD, | km Off Bruce Highway, South of Nambour, Queensland. (Turnoff just before Big Pineapple). POSTAL ADDRESS: PO Box 613, NAMBOUR, QUEENSLAND 4560. Phone: (071) 42 1660. WE HAVE A VERY COMPREHENSIVE VARIETY OF SEEDLINGS AND NEAR FLOWERING-SIZED PLANTS OF CATTLEYAS, DENDROBIUMS, ASCO- VANDAS, ONCIDIUMS and _ other general from smallest to larger plants. SOME MERICLONES IN MOST OF THE PLANTS: — NEW _ STOCK COMING CONSTANTLY. OPEN SIX DAYS FROM 9 AM to SPM, CLOSED TUESDAYS CRISPINS NATIVE ORCHID NURSERY TELEPHONE (066) 42 4524 Specialising in Specimen-size Native Orchids Extensive range of cool growing Queensland Natives Flowering size Hybrid Natives Large Range of Staghorns & Elkhorns Dispatch anywhere in Australia SAE for price list to 126 ALICE STREET, GRAFTON, NSW 2460 27 THE VERY LATEST IN CATTS EXHIBITION AND MINIATURE MANY OF THE CROSSES LISTED ARE THE FIRST TIME THEY HAVE EVER BEEN RELEASED. F60 BLC BOUTON D’OR ‘Lewis’ x LC AUSSIE SUNSET ‘Corona’ YELLOW- Sia cca FULL SHAPE RED SPLASHES 2”....$5 F54 C. GENE MAY ‘Big Splash’ x LC AUSSIE SUNSET ‘Solar Flare’ SPLASH PETAL INTENSE COLOURS. 2”....$5 F155 LC KINDEE ‘The King’ x LC AUSSIE SUNSET ‘Cosmic Fire’ TRICOLOURED Tow ORANGE PURPLE CLUSTERS 2”...95 F156 SLC RAINCOMBE ‘Formosan Beauty’ x LC AUSSIE SUNSET ‘Cosmic Fire’ FULL SHAPED SPLASH PETALS 2”....$5 F154 LC KINGAROY ‘Showstopper’ x LC AUSSIE SUNSET ‘Golden Rays’ SPLASH PETAL CLUSTERS ON TALL STEMS 2”....$5 F66 L REGINAE x LC AUSSIE SUNSET ‘Cosmic Fire’ LOOKING FOR COMPACT GROWTH WITH SMALLER SPLASH FLOWERS 2”....$5 F216 C. FORBSII x self SOME GREENS FROM THIS SELFING. FLOWERING SIZE....$10 NEAR FLOWERING SIZE....$7.50 F114 BLC GRANITE BAY x BLC WAIKIKI SUNSET EXCELLENT SHAPE AND COLOURS IN ORANGE-YELLOW 2”....$3.50 F65 LANCEPS ALBA ‘Pure Alba’ MERICLONE SPECIES, PURE WHITE WITH TOUCH OF LEMON IN THROAT 2”....$7.00 F151 C. NAROOMA ‘Champion’ x BLC BLACK BEAUTY ‘Purple Glory’ VIGOUROUS, MEDIUM SIZE GLISTENING PURPLES WITH BLACK PURPLE LIP 2”....93.50 F153 BLC MT.ISA = BLC HERONS GHYLL ‘Wayside’ x LC. CHINE BOUTON D’OR (A remake using the exact original parents, yellows, purples, reds, oranges etc. An SEND 37c STAMP FOR OUR LATEST CATALOGUE AND SELECTED CATTLEYA DIVISION LIST. The Home of LC. AUSSIE AME MAIL ORDER SPECIALISTS 119 BOUNDARY RD.,THORNLANDS QUEENSLAND 4164. PHONE (07) 2064385 CREDIT CARDS WELCOME. OPEN 7 DAYS 28 5 ‘stages of development shown from a 1.5 mm protoc Rms orm passing through various stages of development to the 22 mm seedling almost ready for planting out into soil substrate. and then place whole pot into a shaded area. This process is best conducted mid to late April just to be safe in case of an Indian summer. Keep the season extended a little longer than usual and never allow young seed- lings to dry out even in their dormant period. Tubers are too small to live through this excessive dry period. Diuris sulphurea, maculata, semilunilata, laxiflora. Prterostylis alata, striata, woolsii, gibbosa, obtusa, hamata, rufa, mitchellii, furcata, abrupta, scabrida, parviflora x abrupta (hybrid). Caladenia dilatata, carnea, sericea. Glossodia minor, major. Corybas fimbriatus. Some mediums which have proven to germinate terrestrials successfully are: Knudson C; Lukes Medium; Dr Yinam Ngans formulation derived basically from Thomales medium. These formulations are all available in several noted journals. Pterostylis gibbosa seedling after five months of development. I genuinely hope that readers do not mis- interpret the aims of this article as I am not advocating that the adult plants do not need a fungal association of some type in their lives, but merely wish to firstly dispel the misconception that seed will not germinate unless a suitable fungus is present. All the fungal association does is to provide the seed and later on plants with a means of aquiring the necessary elements for growth by breaking them down to an acceptable form. Also I wish to evoke enthusiasm for the propogation by flask- ing asymbiotically. This both will making them more readily available to the public but will also place less pressure on the wild populations. Come on. Give it a go! @ R. D. Kramer P.O. Box 19, Wilton, 2571 N.S.W. Australia. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 ow ee ee ee The Ira Butler Awards The Ira Butler Trophy Committee was Set up in 1974 to continue to stimulate interest in the hybridising of Australian Native Orchids which was pioneered by the late Ira Butler. Ira Butler, after his graduation from — Sydney University, worked for many years as an economist with the Reserve Bank of Australia. He was a painter, Photographer, bush walker and ardent Conservationist. His interest in the Hybridisation of Australian Native Orchids was with the hope that as hybrids with larger and more spectacular flowers Were produced, growers would be inclined to leave the original species in the bush where they belong. er Ira’s untimely death several of his friends promoted the formation of the Ira Butler Trophy Committee to encourage others to continue his work. From funds Contributed by public subscription and from orchid societies, trophies are awarded annually in two categories, and in a third, at the discretion of the Committee at any time. The annual awards are as follows: 1. Champion Australian Native Orchid Hybrid Trophy granted to the Winner in Winter and pane shows of Sarc. Melba ‘Jen’ winner of the Ira Butler Trophy for 1987. Owner Sid Batchelor, photography Mark Webb. selected Australian Native Orchid Societies and to winners in this class in State Orchid Society Shows and to Australian Hybrid Orchids granted A.O.C. awards between shows. Nominations for these awards must be accompanied by colour transparancies which are required for judging in the following category. . Champion Australian Native Orchid Hybrid of the Year. This award is given to the plant aca to be the best from the champions awarded in the above. 3. Ira Butler Trophy for Out- standing Achievement in the development of Australian Native Orchid Hybrids. From time to time nominations of persons whose contribution to orchid hybridising and related endeavours may be considered by the Committee. This award is not an annual award but granted when a nominee is considered worthy of the award wy the Committee @ GLENWOOD ORCHIDS Pty Ltd - Lot 18 Dandenong-Hastings Road, LANGWARRIN. VIC. 3910. — Phone (03) 782 2668 Business hours: — ne Closed: Mondays — ' Open: Tues-Sat 1 pm to 4. 30 pm. | Sun & Holidays 10am to4. 30pm Introducing: MARINER “Sea Dog’ 4n A May flowering soft pink. Top quality, MAY flowering CYMBIDIUMS are scarce, and are in heavy demand. Tosee any tetraploid Standard cymbidium with full shape AND good lip form in May is still unusual. Several of our MARINER clones are oomtierity flowering in MAY & JUNE so we are now expanding our use of them to breed Standard and Intermediate Cymbidiums in whites and pinks. Because so many of our MARINERS have full shape, well formed labellums and small plant habit, we expect a high percentage of their progeny will exhib nese same qualities. Our 1989 Gympairl Sabigeie. which i is due to be released in October, includes flasks of Standard and Intermediate Cymbidium seedlings from various of Pes our Mariners, and each is ee of Producing Ne | flowering progeny. A copy of our 1989 seedling flask cataltiae may be inspected at our agents (listed below), or you may receive a cory by writing to Gime! Orchids direct. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Perth Orchids J Lot 17 Rockingham Rd Henderson. W.A 6166 _ PH: (09) 410 1729 TASMANIA; - Burrow Nursery 160 Tasman Highway Bicheno. Tas. 7125 | Ph: (003) 75 1172 SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Kevin Turner 47 Yulinda Terrace Para Hills. S.A 5096 (08) 2654761 ORCHIDGLEN NURSERY INTERGENERIC MERICLONES Beallara Tahoma Glacier ‘Sugar Sweet AM/AOS Maclellanara Pagan Lovesong ‘Ruby Charles’ FCC/AOS Mtdm. Yellow Monarch ‘Ruby Lip’ Odcdm. Orizaba ‘Everglades’ AM/AOS Vuyl. (Kaiurani Beauty x Milt. Minas Gerais) ‘Odnish? MISCELLANEOUS SPECIES Asctm. ampullaceum Dendrobium chrysotoxum Dendrobium farmerii albaflorum Dendrobium thysiflorum Milt. x Bluntii Dark Form Rhy. retusa Vanda coerulea NFS For Skyroad delivery add $9.00 Price list available SAE Orders over $1 50 = attract 10% discount and free Skyroad delivery. ORCHIDGLEN NURSERY P.O. Box 2131 WYNNUM Q 4178 Open Sat & Sun 8am to 4pm PH (07) 390 7742 for appointments. ALUMINIUM GLASSHOUSE <= LEISURE TIME e@ Knitted Shadecloth e Glasshouses @ Fibreglass @ Shadehouses @ Water pipe @ Plant benches © Downee fittings ® Barrows e Glasshouse paint e Troileys @ Glazing bars @ Propagation trays @ Horticultural Glass e Potting trays @ Solarweave & @ Weed control mat Visqueen Plastic films REGO ob OE Ae SHADEHOUSE 30 Phone or Write for FREE Catalogue A.D. SPRING MFG. °"™~ 154 BELLEVUE PARADE, CARLTON, N.S.W. 2218 ALL PHONE ENQUIRIES (02) 5461376 @ (02) 546 7807 $20 $30 $20 $30 $30 $10 $15 $13 $16 $17 $15 $18 3 TIER BENCH SEE THE REST, THEN BUY THE BEST Vale _ Abe Porter On June 21, 1988 the orchid world lost avery highly respected member with the death of Abe Porter. From almost the inception af the OS o NSW he had been an active member in so many ways. In his earlier years he was a keen bush walker and very soon became intrigued with our native orchids and his interest continued for the rest of his life. As a chemist with the State Abattoir} Authority he practiced the application o scientific knowledge which was to be a great asset in his work with orchids. Also at the abattoirs he, from time to time, was called on to participate in the settling o industrial matters and this was an aid to his precise thinking and the marshalling of his arguments in committee and as a delegate to the Australian Orchid Council. He accepted responsibility and became President of the OS of NSW and remained on the Committee until 1986. Here he gave generously of his ability. He became a judge of the Orchid Society and was in charge of the judging of the World Orchid Conference in Sydney in| 1969. He was on the Editorial Com- mittee of the Australian Orchid Review and was a member of the financial sub committee for many years. As indicated above he was the NSW delegate to the AOC for many years. His ability as a photographer was utilised when he became the official photo- grapher of the OS of NSW and for a time conducted groups in photography. He was a NSW representative on the Ira Butler Committee. One of his great loves was the Eastwood and District Orchid Circle which he supported so well. He was a much sought to the 5th World Orchid Conference at Long Beach. He attended many World Orchid Conferences and was a good ambassador for Australia and was invited to South Africa in the ‘Pre: liminaries of the 10th WOC. Few people have given so much is orchids. As orchid people we mourn his death but are eternally grateful for the wealth o: knowledge he shared with us and for the certain fact that our lives have been the richer for knowing Alwyn Bowdich Porter. — Bill Smoothey AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 eee ee ee ee eG. & I. PRICE M\eohs c L< Orchid Flasks i 35 Hardy's Road, Mudgeeraba We Queensland 4213. Phone (075) 30 5193 FOR QUALITY FLASKS HOBBY FLASKS — Any 8 flasks delivered in Australia $115.00 Cattleya Seedlings (8-12 plants) | Bc. Mount Anderson ‘Sumit Snow x C. Earl ‘Imperialis’ } Sl Orpetii ‘Shonan’ x Sle Tangerine Jewel ‘V? Blc (Acapana x Spanish Banks) x Blc. Lorraine Malworth ‘Miami? Blc George King ‘Serendipity x Lc. Colorama ‘The Clown’ Blc. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x Sic. Hazel Boyd ‘Apricot Glow C. Horace ‘Maxima’ x Bic. Pamela Hetherington ‘Coronation’ C. Summer Stars ‘May x C. Highlight ‘Angel Wings’ Slc. Hazel Boyd # x Ble. Alicia Golden Dawn Slc. Hazel Boyd ‘Royal Scarlet’ x Lc. Fires of Spring C. velutina x C. Penny Kuroda ‘Spots’ NATIVES (8-12 plants) MERICLONES (4-6 plants) Den. kingianum ‘Dolly x falcorostrum Sic. Hazel Boyd # 50 Den. teretifolium x aemulum Bic. Crispin Rosales ‘Princess Michiko’ Den. speciosum ‘Doncaster x falcorostrum C. Landate ‘Spotglen’ Den. Golden Fleck x speciosum ‘compactum’ C. walkeriana coerulea ‘Patricia’ Den. pugioniforme x speciosum ‘Grandiflora’ L. pumila ‘Black Diamond’ Den. Susan x kingianum Phal. Joseph Hampton ‘Dianne’ COMMERCIAL FLASKS CATTLEYA 35 pl. flasks $30.00 ea. 6 flasks delivered $150.00 COMMERCIAL FLASKS PHALAENOPSIS 30 pl. flasks $35.00 ea. 6 flasks delivered $180.00 Le. Scarlet Imp ‘Irene’ x Lc. Waianae Sunset ‘Kadooka’ \ Slc. Hazel Boyd ‘Royal Scarlet x Blc Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ | C. Summer Stars ‘May x C. Highlight ‘Angel Wings’ C. loddigesii x C. intermedia ‘Aquini?’ (Bc. Wishka River x Lc. Lucie Hausermann) x L. anceps ‘Estella’ Le Scarlet Imp ‘Irene’ x Lc. Amberglow ‘Magnificent Sic. Tangerine Jewel ‘V’ x Soph. coccinea Le. Ewart McDonald x Le. Persepolis ‘Splendor Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x C. (Patross x Tiffin Bells) Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x Blc. Sylvia Fry ‘Wallacia’ Le. Pirate King ‘Crimson Glory x Pot Fortune Teller ‘Morocco’ C. Penny Kuroda ‘Spots’ x Blc. Blumen Insel ‘Jack Queen Aoki’ Phal. Texas Thunder x (Mount Kaala x Joseph Hampton) white Phal. Blanca Grande x Dawn Hunter white Phal. Dawn Hunter x Gladys Read ‘Snow Queen’ white Phal. Winter Kaala x (Hamaoka x Mariposang Puti) white Phal. (Wilma Hughes x Joseph Hampton) x (Winter Maiden x M. Puti) white Phal. Georgia Remaly x Blanca Grande white Phal. Musashino x Rudy Parma white Phal. Toki ‘Pink Frost’ x Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ pink Phal. Lipperglut ‘Pink Formal’ x Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ pink Phal. Sarah Loeb x Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ pink Phal. California Glow x Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ pink Dtps. Odoriko # 102 x Phal. Gentle Thoughts white/red lip YES, we also have some plants in pot: Phalaenopsis near flowering size $8.50 ea 100mm pot Phal. Toki P62 x P. Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ SM/JOGA pink Phal. Zada Kaala x P. Lippeglut ‘Rosebush’ pink Phal. amboinensis x P. Golden Buddha yellow Dtps. Odoriko # 102 x Phal. Gentle Thoughts white/red lip Phal. Joseph Hampton ‘Dianne’ x (Jos. Hampton x Muriel Turner) white Phal. Rudy Parma x Phal. Miki Saito ‘White Blossom’ white Phal. Fun Time x P. Orglades White Rock white Phal. Gladys Read ‘Snow Queen’ x P. Joseph Hampton ‘Snow White’ white Phal. Ibis x P. Mariposang Puti white Phal. Miki Saito ‘White Blossom’ x Dtps. Lady Jewel “White King” white CATTLEYA SEEDLINGS sturdy plants in 75mm pot $4.00 ea. C. Gene May ‘Spotted’ x Blc. Pamela Hetherington ‘Coronation’ Bc. Marcella Koss ‘Pink Marvel x Bc. Mount Anderson ‘Louvre’ Bic. Lucky Strike ‘Virapongse’ x L pumila ‘Black Diamond’ Ctna. Keith Roth x C. Penny Kuroda ‘Spots’ L pumila ‘Black Diamond’ x C. Interglossa ‘Blumen Insel’ Blc. Bouton D’Or ‘Lewis’ x Blc. Malworth ‘Orchidglade’ Dial. Snowflake ‘Frosty x C. amethystoglossa Pot. Lemon Tree ‘Yellow Magic’ x Slc. Tangerine Jewel ‘Vi’ Le. Hawaiian Fantasy x Bic Toshie Aoki ‘Pizazz’ Blc. Oconee ‘Mendenhall x C. Frances Y. Hoshino Bic. Bouton D’Or ‘Lewis’ x Blc. Waikiki Gold ‘Lea’ If ordering plants, include $10 extra for freight and packing. Enclose 37¢ stamp for retail or commercial lists, flasks-plants NEW ZEALAND: (09) 298 6619 MARBLE GARDENS, Park Estate Road, Papakura ‘S oe BANKCARD — MASTERCARD — VISACARD WELCOME im. am Please supply your name, card number and expiry date. 32 GEYSERLAND ORCHIDS P.O. BOX 162, ROTORUA NEW ZEALAND. dm LO) N | =k (OAS) Rotoyy-4 0) Magic Mood “Alice” AM/NSW (82.3 points) Geyserland Orchids congratulate Royale o}ceraliolsKelaner-Ualiare an AM/NSW on a division of our Magic Mood. We are well known for our: (@jareVany oleae @n’nnleyrollelants Peerless Paphiopedilums Outstanding Odontoglossum Alliance (@r-Te) t\Ve-Vil ave @r-tai(=W\VZ-bs) Maybe you should move up to Geyserland Quality Contact Mount Beenak Orchids, our Australian agent, or your Korer=1 ime [yaa olul cola Royale Orchids. And remember, what will you have to exhibit at the 13th World Orchid Conference in 1990? © “A CONTINUED COMMITMENT TO EXCELLENCE” AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 _ ROYALE OR CHIDS for those who choose the fi nest _ KIRI TE KANAWA ‘PAULINE REr oe ee CONG FANCY FREE ‘SNOWBIRD’ | Roll \Ulo)= PEPPER . URPLE SPLENDOR’ 34 BURLEIGH PARK ORCHID NURSERY — propogators of the finest orchid Species Flasks 35 to 40 seedlings from $18.00 Miniflasks 8 to 10 seedlings from $8.00 REFLASKING: Cymbidiella flabellata x humblotii; Cattleya loddigesii, walkeriana, intermedia: Irrorata; Epi. longispathum; Oncidium bicallosum; Coel. pandurata x meyeriana; Dend. carronii, schutzei, thrysiflorum; Paphinia cristata; Cymbidium canaliculatum “Alba” x self. COMMUNITY POTS: about $1 per seedling. Ready to repot. Angraecum sesquipedale. Cattleya amethystoglossa, dowiana, guttata, leopoldii, intermedia “Maria Faciera’” x Self, schilleriana, nobilior, Dend. farmerii“Pink’ & “Albiflorum’, helix, hildebrandtii, taurinum. Grammatophyllums. Galeandra claesiana BURLEIGH PARK ORCHID NURSERY — propagators of vigorous, colourful primary crosses IN FLASK: Dend. ruppianum x speciosum; Dend. Hilda Poxon (Tetragonum “Gig” x speciosum “Compactum’); Sobralia xantholeuca x macrantha; Cymbidiella flabellata x humblotii; Broughtonia sanguinea x Epi. iliense; Coel. pandurata x meyeriana; Cattleya guttata “Alba” x granulosa. COMPOT & 2” POT: Dend. tofftii x lineale (Ricky Cornetii) Blue; Dend. 442nd Infantry (taurinum x lineale); Aeranthes ramosa x grandiflora; Dend. miyakei x chamelon; Dend. dearei x sanderae majus; Dend. thrysiflorum x farmerii “Pink’; Gramm. elegans x rumpheanum; Gramm. tigrinum x elegans. 2” POTS &3” POTS D. miyakei x amethystoglossum; D. cruentum x formosum “Giganteum’; D. helix x taurinum; D. miyakei x chamelon; D. smilleae x miyakei; D. taurinum x gouldii; D. thrysiflorum x farmerii “Pink’; Gramm. rumpheanum x tigrinum; Aeranthes ramosa x grandiflora FLASKING MEDIAS: G & B Mother Flasks and Replate Medias available. SPRING IS FOR BEGINNERS Spring Beginners Collection (A) Choose any 12 of the following 3” pot advanced seedlings — delivered for only $98.00. Aeranthes Reunion Isle. Angraecum sesquipedale. Brassavola cucullata, perrinii, nodosa Calanthe rubens “Alba”. Catasetum christyianum. Cattleya dowiana “Aurea”, schofieldiana, leopoldii, mossiae, trianae, warnerii. Dend. aggregatum majus, atroviolaceum, farmerii “Albiflorum’, helix “Chocolate”, taurinum. Epi. stamfordianum. Laelia acuminata Leptotes bicolor. Miltonia spectabile. Oncid. sprucei. Collection (B) choose any 12 of the following 2” pot robust seedlings delivered for only $44.00. Angraecum sesquipedale. Brassavola glauca. Broughtonia sanguinea Cattleya bowringiana “Black Prince” x self, amethystoglossa, dowiana “Type”, guttata “Type”, maxima Chysis bractescens. Epi. dichromum. Dend. albosanguineum, formosum “Gig.”, Ricky Cornetii “Blue”, talasea “Green Yellow’. Laelia acuminata Schomb. crispa. Zygopetalum mackayii. All plants sent by air freight delivered to your door, fully guaranteed, in pot, established and growing. Or if you prefer to preview our complete plant, seedling, compot and flask lists, Write Nowfor your Free Lists. (a stamp would be appreciated for fast return) 1419 ROSS RIVER ROAD, KELSO, THURINGOWA. QLD. 4815. PHONE: (077) 74 0008 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 Dendrobium carronii A SPECTACULAR MINIATURE FROM CAPE YORK PENINSULAR By Dr P. S. Lavarack (Queensland National Parks and Wildlife Service, Townsville) I first encountered Dendrobium carronii in August 1972 at Tozer’s Gap near Iron Range. A fleeting glimpse from the Landrover window caused me to bring the vehicle screeching to halt while I went searching. The plant I found had a long spray of about 20 flowers which featured the now- familiar colours of rich purple-maroon petals and bright yellow lip. The plants looked almost identical to a “‘normal”’ Dendrobium canaliculatum and at first glance, like many others, I thought this to be a form, or perhaps a variety of that Species. About the same time a few plants from various locations were gradually finding their way into cultivation where they were usually known as the “‘pink form of D. canaliculatum” due to the impres- sion of a pink colour which was gained when looking at a flowering plant from a distance. Some of these were used as parents in some exciting hybrids, although the problem of there being no formal name has lead to confusion with some of these. I next met with this species on the Jaradine River in August 1973 when I collected a specimen from the many seen which was, 10 years later, to become the holotype of a new species. I subsequently collected specimens near the Rocky river and other locations east of the MclIlwraith Range and in the Hann Creek area near Carron Valley also on the east coast of the Peninsula. About the same time (August 1976) Jon Dodd was noting something peculiar about some plants of D. canaliculatum which he had collected near Hula in the Central District of Papua New Guinea. These plants turned out to be identical with those of eastern Cape York Peninsula and John considered them as quite distinctive. Similar plants have been reported from other New Guinea localities such as the Bensbach River in Western Province. Many other exciting finds on Cape York Peninsula. such as D. tozerensis, Oberonia carnosa, Malaxis fimbriata, and Cadetia collinsii occupied my atten- tion for some time and it was only when Considering the problem of D. semifus- cum and D. johannis that it occurred to me to re-examine the so-called pink form of D. canaliculatum. One of the most important factors which Dr Cribb and myself considered in elevating D. semifuscum to the status of a separate species was the separation of habitat. D. johannis occurs in the moister habitats of eastern Cape York Peninsula, while D. semifuscum prefers the drier, harsher habitats of the central and western peninsula. The separation between D. carronii and D. canalicu- latum is almot identical. D. carronii is never found in the harsh, very seasonal melaleuca woodlands which are so densly populated with D. canaliculatum. Instead it is found in moist areas such as watercourses or on the moist eastern sides of mountains and generally in areas where the more luxuriant and diverse vegetation indicates a more reliable year round rainfall. These are situations which never dry out to the same extent as the Melaleuca woodlands. WILLIAM CARKUS, ID7 Taking this hint I looked more closely at the flowers of the “pink form” and immediately came to the conclusion that the flowers were different enought to be considered as a species separate from D. canaliculatum. In correspondence with Dr Phil Cribb of Kew, I discovered that he, in the preliminary work to his book on ‘““The Antelope Orchids” had reached the same conclusion. We _ then jointly described this new species as D. carronii. In searching for a name I though it would be appropriate to name this species after William Carron. Carron was the botanist with the Kennedy Expedition and was one of the 3 survivors of the most tragic episode of Australian exploration. Carron was left in charge of seven men at Little Roundback Hill, just north of Iron Range while Kennedy and four others pushed on to their destiny near the CYMBIDIUM FLASKS Mericlones and Seedlings We are cloning over 250 varieties of miniature, intermediate and standard cymbidiums. Many are available now priced at $20 per flask of 10. We also give bonus flasks (one per five) and free delivery in Australia for five or more flasks. Colchicine-treated mericlones are now available in tens for the same price. Seedling flasks, unless limited, are priced at $15 per flask of ten. Write or phone for our latest descriptive catalogue and deflasking instructions. KUDLA ORCHID NURSERY (Bob and Maureen Burns props.) 48 MAIN NORTH ROAD, KUDLA, S.A. 5115. PHONE: (08) 254 6351 after 5.30pm South Australian time. W.A. Agent: Keith Abbott Orchids, Lot 1 Beenyup Rd. Jandakot W.A. 6164. Phone (09) 417 1818. AH. (09) 457 2491 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 Ree 35 Den carronii ‘Pink form’ an exceptionally large plant growing in situ. Myall Orchids New Guinea and Australian Ceratobium Dendrobiums including Bigibbum Canaliculatum and Johannis hybrids. Some New Guinea species. Seedlings to flowering size. Min Korsman 95 TOOLAKEA BEACH ROAD, BLUEWATER QUEENSLAND 4816. (077) 88 6147 tip of the Peninsula. After six weeks of near starvation and under constant threat from Aboriginies, only Carron and one other remained alive to be rescued. They were in such bad condition that hip bones were actually protruding through the skin. The Aboriginals threatening imminent attack on the small rescue party and it is little wonder that Carron’s specimens were left behind. Carron, in his journal, comments “all my specimens were left behind, which I regretted, for, though much injured, the collection contained speciments of very beautiful trees, shrubs and orchideae™ Among these abandoned specimens it is likely there was one of Dendrobium carronii as it was the flowering time and the expedition has passed through places where it is abundant. Rarely can a person have been more worthy of honour of having an orchid named after him than William Carron. D. carronii, as mentioned previously, is a plant of moister areas, growing on a variety of hosts including Melaleuca viridiflora, M. leucodendra, Welchio- dendron longivalve and Lophostemon grandiflorus. It is usually a true miniature, with bulbs 2-4 cm long and rarely growing into a big clump. it flowers when very small and the flowers are often bigger than the pseudo- bulbs. When not in flower it is difficult to distinguish from D. canaliculatum var nigescens which is sometimes abundant nearby (but rarely in the same habitat). The plants are often darker and the leaves even more fleshy in D. carronii and usually, but not always, the flowering stem is produced at right angles to the bulb. D. carronii has proved to be not the easiest plant in cultivation and is probably best tied to a slab of natural cork with some backing of fibre. it requires a dry season in winter, but humidity should be kept as high as possible at all times. It is however well worth further experimenta- tion into the culture as this is a most colourful miniature and one with an equally colourful history @ Fast Coast Orchids Specialising in New Guinea Ceratobium Dendrobiums. Species and hybrids. me By With our selective breeding we can offer a range of quality orchids from seedlings to flowering size. For descriptive list send stamp to: EAST COAST ORCHIDS — K. & H. MARTIN P.O. BOX 361, KURANDA, QUEENSLAND 4872 PHONE (070) 93 7065 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 Den. carronii, note the long petals, short sepals and the distinctive colouring. “The Orchid Centre of Australia” A selection of exciting new release mericlones — many more are available in our Spring Listing and Supplementary Spring Listing. Bic. George King ‘Serendipity AM/AOS (50mm tubes, $8ea). Outstanding large exhibition salmon pink. C. Hawaiian Wedding Song ‘Virgin’ AM/AOS (50mm tubes, $8ea). Sparkling white exhibition multiflora with yellow in throat. Bic. Fantasy Maker ‘H & R’ (50mm tubes, $8ea). Exhibition white with striking red purple flares on petals and lip. Bic. Chinese Beauty ‘Chien Chien’ AM/AOS (50mm tubes, $8ea). Top clone of famous exhibition lavender with cream and red purple splashed petals. Bic. Horizon Flight ‘Beth’ (50mm tubes, $8ea). Beautiful medium size exhibition peach tones with red and yellow splashed petals. Bic. Toshi Aoki ‘Pokai’ CR/HOS (50mm tubes, $8ea). Top quality exhibition yellow with red lip and small red tips on sepals and petals. C. Clark Herman ‘Carl’ AM/AOS (50mm tubes, $8ea). Crisp exhibition white with yellow in throat. C. Inez Okimoto ‘Kodama’ (50mm tubes, $8ea). Large exhibition sparkling white on Strong stems. Bic. Golden Shrine ‘H & R’ (50mm tubes, $8ea.). Beautiful medium size exhibition Orange-yellow with rose and orange in lip. Lc. Bonanza Queen ‘Panamint’ (50mm tubes, $8ea). Outstanding overlapped shape exhibition purple with deeper toned lip. Den. Pixie Princess‘H & R’ AM/AOS (50mm tubes, $8ea). Top quality canaliculatum SPECIAL OFFER The above collection of 12 plants sent FREIGHT FREE for $90 (other orders add $8 Despatch & Packing). Bic. George King ‘Serendipity AM/AOS NEW SPRING LISTING NOW AVAILABLE, NEW SUP- PLEMENTARY SPRING LISTING WILL BE AVAILABLE OCTOBER (lists posted FREE on request) — ALL ORDERS over $100 are DESPATCHED FREIGHT ANYWHERE IN AUSTRALIA PREMIER SELECTION and IMPORTED PLANT LISTINGS issued regularly (posted FREE on request). Priests Rd, (P.O. Box 96), Deception Bay, Brisbane, 4508. PHONE (07) 888 3637 Nursery Hours: Mon. to Sat, 8am-5pm. Closed Sundays. Printed Orchid labels that don’t break,ata =e Why waste productive time hand writing ETICA Orchid Labels? X We can now print you a minimum of 25 ee : of any cross up to 1,000,000 or more printed one or both sides, 7. $y ae and our labels don’t shatter at the slightest touch. They are made of the highest C4 quality vinyl and ultra violet treated to last for years in any climate hot or cal eo My Available in white, yellow & turquoise. Write now for our competitive price list. Z Z Z a my SS O Treason ACTUAL SIZE Pre Printed Orchid Label designed especially for hobby growers. The label enables you to enter information about each individual Orchid on the spot. These are also U.V. treated. Available in white & yellow, minimum order 100. FL:GR BACK # FLOWER RECORD MO/YR VARIETY FRONT ol LABEL SALES P.O. Box 188, CLEVELAND, QUEENSLAND, 4163 jut) | AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 merrier a en ee ee ae Past, Present & Future of Australian Native Dendrobium Hybrids | ehispence Some 60 years have now passed since the first all-Australian man-made hybrid was recorded. In the early days, as in any other type of breeding, there was very little interest and only the very devoted Australian native enthusiast would show some appreciation of the few hybrdids that were available. In 1928 W. Schmidt registered Dendrobium Ellen, a cross of D. kingianum by D. Tetragonum. This first cross produced small mushroom- pink flowers in great profusion with with a star-like shape and they are quite considerably easier to cultivate than the species. Now, some 60 years later, the tables have been turned and most orchid enthu- Siasts would be very proud to own any of the latest hybrids. The majority of people are interested in the cooler growing hybrids but there is an increasing interest in the warmer to intermediate types which are being developed. This interest however is in the northern states of Australia. As new hybrids are flowering it is becoming very obvious that a lot of the primary hybrids have to be re-made but with selective parents that have been produced by line breeding and the care- ful selection of the dominant factors in these seedlings e.g. Dendrobium Aussie Springtime. In this hybrid it is pretty obvious that D. kingianum var Silcockii was a distant species. A few of the more successful hybrids that are producing seedlings that have outstanding quality are Den Eureka, D. Star of Gold, D. Peter, D. Gillian Leany (white with coloured tip type), D. Aussie Ira, D. Sunglow, D. Aussie Mist and to a lesser degree, D. Hilda Poxon. Just in passing it is quite common to hear at an orchid society or group a person boasting that he has just flowered ‘“‘the darkest red” or “the biggest”’ Silcockii or even “the greatest” D. kingianum in the world. Obviously there are a lot of good D. kingianum out there. Den. tetragonum was neglected in this way in the first 50 years. The main reason for this has been the finding of Den tetragonum var Giganteum. The first sibling crosses are now flowering and interest has started to grow. Most of the crosses have been with Giganteum crossed with southern forms from around the Coffs Harbour district. One interesting thing about this line of work is that the seedlings are producing a more conventional type of raceme and are easier to cultivate in pots. Den speciosum is also still at the first generation stage of line breeding with the odd second generation appearing for sale. When looking back it is very surprising that D. kingianum is now entering the sixth generation while the rest of the species the hybridist are using are just starting to be line-bred. Den falcorostrum has produced some magnificent hybrids eg first generation D. Bardo Rose, D. Peter and surprisingly CLEAN PINE BARK In 3 Grades — Fine %” — Medium %”— Coarse 34” THIS PRODUCT IS HAND CLEANED TO REMOVE SKINS, WOOD, RUBBISH, ETC. THE BARKIS MATURE SOUTHERN RED RADIATA (NOT SLASH PINE). QUANTITY 134 Cu Ft CLEAR POLY BAGS — RR PRICE $12.00 AVAILABLE FROM Swansea Orchids Pacific Highway, Swansea. PH (049) 71 1321 Orchid Care Services 12 Amphitheatre Circuit Baulkham Hills NSW PH (02) 674 2642 Royale Orchids 42 Pratley St Woy Woy PH (02) 709 3651 Sydney Orchids 38 Engadine Ave Engadine PH (02) 520 4830 Novo Orchids 33 Moira St Adamstown — Newcastle PH (049) 52 4253 Rod Graham 15 Graham St Wauchope PH (065) 85 3713 ‘Frank Stegeman Lot 10 Mahogany Cres. — Kempsey PH (065) 62 8417 R. J. Wells 116 Farmborough Rd Unanderra (042) 71 5707 Pacific Orchids Pimlico Rd Pimlico PH (066) 87 4520 Cherry Road Nursery 41 Cherry Rd Warners Bay PH (049) 48 9218 The Pokolbin Orchid Farm Lot 13 Gillards Rd Pokolbin PH (049) 98 7558 Tinonee Orchid Nursery Taree PH (065) 53 1012 OTHER ENQUIRIES TO PINDIMAR HORTICULTURAL SUPPLIES Lot 6 Warri St — Pindimar via Tea Gardens NSW 2324 PH (049) 97 0072 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 39 Our special offer for you 1. Cultivated Thai species 2. Interesting integeneric hybrids 3. Vanda and Assocenda hybrids 4. Semi-terete vandaceous hybrids 5. Dendrobium hybrids Write now for our new free price list 1988 and our additional colourful catalogue pages. If not, please send US$5 for our |. catalogue and receive US$5 coupon for redemption with your first order. Please, send all payments only by registered letters! 40 even better second generation eg. Den Delicate Falcon, D. Aussie Joy yet very little work has been carried out on the species. No one has found an albino clone, a dark orange clone or one with heavy red markings radiating from the centre of the flower. All should be possible. D. Aussie Bonanza and Aussie Freckles were two crosses which brought about a further interest in D. falcorostrum. When crossed with second generation D. kingianum hybrids the wide range of should be possible. D. Aussie Bonanza and Aussie Freckles were two crosses which brought about a further interest in D. falcorostrum. When crossed with second generation D. kingianum hybrids the wide range of colours is truly unbelievable as the colour ranges from white, yellow, light green, blue grey, through to dark magenta. Some of the colours are also overlaid with magenta spotting, giving a warm red effect. Den Hastings, a primary cross between D. fleckeri and kingianum, has produced some interesting results. D. Hastings x D. speciosum = D. Wonga, good shaped flowers with rich yellows and oranges with the odd white have emerged. Den Aussie Gift = D Hastings x D Aussie Ira. Again a good cross result with many different colours from brown reds with white lips to yellows with lilac markings. D. Barbo Rose with red splash tepals. On the odd seedlings the flowers have a femberate labellum. One of my favourites Den Aussie Starlight = D Aussie Ira x D. speciosum is producing plants that are very vigorous with flowers of good size and extended flowering season. Aussie Starlight x Peter and Aussie Starlight x Eureka = Aussie Zest. Den Aussie Angel = Aussie Ira x D bigibbum has been very fertile as a parent and all the seedlings are showing great promise. D. Aussie Angel x Sunglow, Aussie Angel x Hilda Poxon, Aussie Angel x Eureka, Aussie Angel x Aussie Ira. In all the seedlings there seems to be a very strong influence of D. bigibbum in the growth habit, but they are all growing in cool conditions. Den Aussie Mist = Den Peter x Den Bardo Rose, has two injections of D falcorostrum in its paren- tage and from all I have seen from onward breeding from this hybrid, quality can only result. As the laws are now becoming more restricted on the collecting and exporting of native species, it is now very obvious that most native growers are changing from species to hybrids and have made the decision to leave nature alone and to develop superior species and hybrids than what nature has to offer @ Phil Spence P.O. Box 102 Forestville 2087 NSW AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 D. Aussie Bonanza (D. Aussie Ira x D. falcorostum). D. Aussie Luck. (D. Star of Gold x D. Aussie mist). AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 41 Sophisticated Orchids by Andrew Easton LUGARNO ORCHID CO PTY LTD Proprietor: B.C. & J.E. Schwartz 1178 Forest Road, Lugarno 2210 Phone 53 9708 MERICLONES fj Cymbidiums — Cattleyas Miniature Cymbidiums — Dendrobiums DIVISIONS Cattleyas — Cymbidiums.— Paphs 9 Phalaenopsis — Japanese Dendrobiums “For all who seek the finest in modern hybridizing” The full range of Geyserland Orchids world renowned stock is only available in Australia through Mt. Beenak Orchids. Have you tried Mail Order shopping the Mt. Beenak way? We invite you to try. Customers receive quarterly catalogues full of the latest in hybrids in many general from around the world. We are currently reducing Cymbidium stock. Many 50% off. 8 Showbench & Export. Top varieties. Many in flower. For those interested in flasks regular lists are also available. We assure you of personal service and remember, when you shop at Mt. Beenak you shop with the professionals! LARGE STOCKS OF PHALAENOPSIS AND CATTLEYA COMPOTS. Sylvia Fry crosses available, also large range of Cattleya Seedlings designed to give Award Shape and Colour Expectancy. For stock lists or directions to the nursery write to: Mt. Beenak Orchids Clive & Agi Halls, R.S.D. 92, Three Bridges, Victoria 3797 Phone: (059) 66 7253 Yamamoto DENDROBIUMS World’s Finest Orchids The best range of Soft Cane Dendrobiums ever!!! COLOUR SPECTACULAR Come and see us at ORCHID EXPO 88 in CALOUNDRA or the 11th Australian Orchid Conference in Sydney, both in September. Or better still make an appointment to visit our nursery at Lot 7 Hearns Lake Road, Woolgoolga during flowering time. YAMAMOTO DENDROBIUMS are easy to grow and flower in a wide range of climates (satisfied customers from Northern Queensland to Tasmania and Western Australia). Amazing colour range. Long-lasting blooms. Not expensive. Small plants from $8.00 grow to large plants quickly. Large from $18.00. Detailed growing indstructions and friendly, helpful advice always available. Cites certificates for export will be available at Orchid Expo in Caloundra and at the Australian Orchid Conference in Svdnev. Gift Vouchers Also Available If you are not already on our mailing list SEND S.A. E. FOR DESCRIPTIVE LIST OR PHONE: BANANACOAST ORCHIDS PO BOX 1528, COFFS HARBOUR, NSW 2450 PHONE (066) 54 1183 42 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 AN ACCOUNT OF EXPERIENCES IN DEVELOPING THE GLOUCESTER LINE OF canaliculatum HYBRIDS K. A MacPherson Very early in my lifetime, I had much appreciation for our native plants in flower, particularly our Golden Orchid Den. discolor and our Dendrobium canaliculatum or Titree orchid. With the coming of school age, my parents gave me a quiet pony to ride the three miles of lonely bush tracks, which to day are good bitumen roads of the district, to our country school at Strathdickie. It was at this time — around the 1920sin the early development of sugar cane farms to supply the Proserpine Mill when Most cane crops were grown on hillsides with hand labour, clearing and buring off areas of rain forest annually for cane planting, with large numbers of native Orchids being destroyed. In springtime along creeks and gullies, huge plants of Den discolor would develop large showy heads of golden to brown flowers that would attract attention someday. In those days of early settlers, existence and a Crust was the prime necessity — no time to spare for the love of flowers in leisure, this I realised very quickly. Plant lovers were few and far between, only several in the district at that time. In the years following school, the desire to make a collection of orchids became ever present. Orchid species were few and far between, which were suitable for culti- vation for show. Small pieces of exotic orchids, principally Indian dendrobes imported, were eagerly sought. Mr Peter Le Feurve of Ayr who had a fine collec- tion of Cattleya Orchids, often ran a full page of Cattleya flower pictures in the North Queensland Register at that time. This did much to bring orchids to the forefront, also quite a lot of information would be given in garden notes — how to grow Orchids from seed by sowing seed around the roots of older plants. By trying this same success was gained with Phalaenopsis amablis and P. schil- leriana. Late in the 1940s seed sowed in cultures appeared to be the answer, and of course the practice of hybridisation seemed assured of more success. 1950... Now was the time I though to make a worthwhile contribution to our native orchids. The regenerative powers of the Golden orchid was obvious because one could see small plants appearin in restricted forest areas — why not combine these features with our D. canaliculatum. The beauty, and hardi- ness to survive under hostile conditions of heat and drought in the habitat. This fact I set out to achieve. It was not quite as easy as said to be done. Quite a few disappointments, and after 10 years of efforts to establish a stable form of hybrid, I began to think I would have to give the idea away altogether. Some 30 odd crosses were made with D. canaliculatum, nine of which, one was to become D. Gloucester Sands, named after the lovely beaches where I lived near Gloucester Island. ATTENTION READERS AN D ADVERTISERS The request for advertising space has been so heavy we have had to adda 16 page section | to : ensure adequate editorial space. Many of you will now be aware, from our survey, of the proposal to go to 6 issues come mencing 1989. With one or two exceptions, and appropriate advice to caution us to ensure editorial quality, publish 6 issues per year. Commencing 1989 the Ate Talany Orchid — Review will be published on the first day of February, April, June, August, October and December. Notwithstanding further postal deliveries (and complete loss at times) frus- trates us as well as our subscribers and AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 i This issue has Been nerecceel to 64 pages. charge : increases the problem of long delays in eres FOnner representation has been ‘made to Australian Post to address this problem. The cover price of the publication will not increase and Australian subscribers will pay less than the cost of 6 purchasers at the _ newsagent. Circulation of the Australian Orchid Review has substantially increased in 1988 with the we have had a most positive response 10) introduction of our new size and layout. In addition to improving communications for our. advertisers, the team is committed to pro- ducing a publication of high interest and quality for our readers. _ Thank you for your support, your enthusiastic response, your advice and your contributions. Paul Kelly PUBLISHER 43 oe “ie Son ne - Sait \ A group of dwarf ceratobe Dendrobiums in development. Having now managed to make the crosses, affected by the usual faults we are now well aquainted with, began to show up — such as empty pods, no viable seed, and small quantities of fertile seed. Each cross made with different parents which I though had the attributes to be successful, such as strong vigorous plants, plants of average statue and less than average statue, the later two classes proved failures. Resultant seedlings were weak in growth and sterile. One cross made to strong parents D. discolor of poor colour, was to become admired as D. Gloucester Sands var. “Brilliant” for its lovely colours, and it was sterile, thus some clues were begin- ning to show up. For example, such crosses attempted that failed to measure up such as D. aries x D. Gloucester Cym. Longview ‘Fine-N-Glowing’ (Standard) __ Sands plants grew well, flowered poorly ‘ % ye _ and were abandoned. D. Talasia Blue Beautiful salmon-orange flowering in September. _N.G., tiny blue flowers — result: failed to Up to 18 flowers on strong tall spikes. Excellent = make the grade. D. Schulan x D. : ‘ _ Gloucester Dawn flowered quite well but Wisfouwar and WY free flowering. | failed to make the grade physically. D. Sturdy Mericlones forming first bulb $20.00 Post — giscojor. agurparedlane salD), Gieieeaiy Paid in Australia. _ Dawn, a fine hardy plant, flowers hardly | noticeable, such are the problems EN DEAVO UR ORCHIDS | encountered and when a break came to 24 HARTMAN AVE FELIXSTOW SA 5070. TEL (08) 337 5740 ~— hand a number of same crosses followed ; it on. New Catalogue Available Now (50 cents) : gin ea a ees Up to this stage of effort I had never 44 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 FOG Our humidifying systems use com- pressed air to produce true DRY FOG. Fogging can maintain up to 90% humidity without wetting plants, a major problem with misting units. Systems now available suit glass- houses from 10 to 10,000 sq. metres. Send for our free brochure and infor- mation on the use of fogging in hor- ticulture. Flora Propagation Laboratories 18 Mundy St., Mentone, Melbourne Vic. 3194, (03) 584 2087. Address editorial to: The Editor Aust- ralian Orchid Review, 14 McGill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia. Please make sure that all slides are marked with the owner’s name and a return address is supplied. # (D. undulatum x D. Sunshine Hill) x D. Gloucester Peer. D. Lim Tie Hooi x D. Prince of Gloucester. Phil Spence ORCHID PRODUCTIONS Specialising in flasks of Aus- tralian native hybrids. Mis- cellaneous flasks also avail- able. Phone (02) 99 4696 For list P.O. Box 102 Forestville 2087. SAE AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 45 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ NY \ \ N N N) \ \ \ \ \ \ \ NY \ N \ \ \ NY Nv \ THE ORCHID DOCTOR IS IN PRINT WITH MORE OF THE SAME! *The Orchid Doctor: Remedies, Recipes Recom- mendations and Referrals. (The Orchid Wisdom of the Ages. Back in Print!) Price US$13 per copy. ** THE NEW ORCHID DOCTOR: REMEDIES, RECIPES, RECOMMENDATIONS AND REFERALS The Wisdom of the ‘Eighties. (Enough said!) 130p. Price $14.00, Both for US$26.00 Postpaid. This Magazine Fully Covered. Group rates available. Order or Enquire: R. M. Hamilton P.O. Box 3232 Blaine WASH. U.S. 98230 — VEGIMAX — A BIOCHEMICAL LIQUID FERTILIZER IT GIVES HIGHER YIELD AND GREATER PROFITS "LOWERS pr No. 1 FOR ORCHIDS pistrauron =, (G.V.E.&M. 14 Smith Street Sub Agents Shepparton, Victoria Pat King, Coffs Harbour (066) 52 4136 (058) 21 4468 Sydney Orchids, P.O. Box 348 Mail Orders Taken Engadine 2233 (02) 520 4830 Lugarno Orchids, 1178 Forest Road, Lugarno 2210 (02) 53 9708 (Prop B. C. & J. E. Schwartz) WANTED AGENTS & OUTLETS. ALL STATES POP LO OO LOI OVOV OC OL ALS PPO VLDP LP LDP VE IOV RI OO LS o ORCHID LABORATORY SEED FLASKING Exotics and Australian Natives REPLATING (We also accept flasks from other sources) MERICLONING All work carried out in our modern tissue culture laboratory under optimum conditions. Send for a free brochure providing tips on seed collection and charges. Small and large orders equally welcome. PHP UEP ELI LP LP VL VLD VLG LP OLD RL VLD VLG VL P VAMP LP ML LZ ML LG Flora Propagation Laboratories 18 Mundy St., Mentone, Melbourne Vic. 3194 (03) 584 2087 PPP LP CLP LIV VDI LIV LOO LOI OO LOO LOI NL POD ELPELP LP LP OCP LP LP LIV LI LGV LGPL “ 4, oO oO GG Oo G o \\ STOCK REDUCTION SALE — PAPHIOPEDILUMS Flowering size seedlings in 5” pots were $15.00 NOW $10.00 Divisions of selected plants ex Stock in 5” and 6” pots were $30.00 NOW $15.00 Hundreds of plants to choose from; sorry no list available; Mail orders please specify colour and we will select best available plant. NEW RELEASE — CYMBIDIUMS Mericlone Miniature Cym. ICE-ON-FIRE ‘Nikette’ — Won First Prize at recent North Moreton Show — WAALS Wire) Wine (eeteNNS) 2 cod cnoanscuenasonacununsnpo ss yee RAOoN Ts uuo $8.00 in 3” tubes Miniature Cym. ICE-ON-FIRE ‘Nikette’ x Cym. parishii ‘Sanderae’ Intermediate size whites with purple lip. ............. 000. e eee ee eee $7.00 in 3” tubes If not on our mailing list please send for our new 1988/89 catalogue. mackinneys’ welicomenerce nursery 87 TURTON STREET, SUNNYBANK, QLD 4109 CLOSED SUNDAYS. PHONE: 345 1916 46 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 understood what the study of polyploidy of plant meant. At this time I had the chance to look into the works of Mendel on hereditary laws, known as_ the Mendelian theory. This gave me the grounding of some problems I was Searching for. The terms polyploid can be applied to any naturally occuring species of any plant, most natural hybrids are not — either being diploid or triploid being mainly sterile on the male side. Sterility occurs in the crossing of two widely divergent species to begin with — Meaning the chromosone or characters Set up does not match together evenly at fertilisation time and fertility appears to be the first character that is lost, never to be regained by the individual. However, In producing this situation nature appears to compensate the loss of fertility in some of the progeny with the most beautiful floral production. Hence the most beauti- ful flowered plants are not necessarily the best parents. It is noted that in the past the use of triploid parents or non fertile parents was Considered a good commercial practice, On account of the foregoing experience Where plants were passed out for culti- vation by collectors where some gain beautiful plants, others are jut lost or fail. Referring back to hereditary characters of Mendel I understood that it is absolutely essential to use polyploid parents for successful crossing to produce an eventual stable hybrid. The natural law stands that the use of two diploid parents will produce the like of two in 16 progeny with all the necessary characters for its health, fertility, and existences with the chance of improved forms by the mating of two good forms plus many more near equal. “The recovery rate from germination can be from 70 to 90 per cent. While there can be a few other reasons physically why plants fail to gain or set seed. The use of triploid parents or non fertile ones as earlier stated can result in commercial production of few plants of exceptional beauty for first generation. The results will vary down from 70 to 25 per cent recovery rate with much rubbish and the chances are rated at something like 400,000 many of which will not survive beyond a few flowering periods or will flower themselves to death. If by chance a second generation of these plants is attempted, the chances of gaining anthying worthwhile is very small — from 25 to 5 per cent recovery, and most are inferior to original parents of diploid character, has been my experience. Today, after years of perserverance, I have now produced a number of stable forms all bearing D. canaliculatum character of short statue, which I originally sought. A number of these plants have been registered and more to be named as worthwhile. Having established hybrids of diploid character, the way can be easier in the future. True, the many colour combinations of D. canaliculatum did not survive instead glossy yellow, green yellows and bronze tints, some violet tints are the order of the day, but this can be rectified in later generations. Today, I marvel at the large number of D. canaliculatum crosses that are appearing in collections and nursery lists. Many beautiful plants among them being successfully cultivated. For all this I pay tribute to the people that have so perfected the cultures to bring these plants about from the days of Professor Knudsen, New York who first successfully proved it could be done in 1932. In the development of my early crosses of the Gloucester Line, my problem was to obtain successful sowing and germina- tion by those who did know something about it. I probably only realised the very easy crosses to make then. Today with green pod culture and even tiniest quan- tities of seed can be successfully grown, since this pioneer crossing on my part 35 years back @ CHELSEA EXOTICS We are deflasking, and growing on, some outstanding orchids for the 1991 Australian Orchid Conference. Here's a sample: Cymbidium Highland Canary 'Cooksbridge Ice' (Mavoureen ‘Jester’ AM/RHS x Nigra 'Tetra Canary' AM/RHS Cymbidium Pontac ‘Trinity’ AM/RHS 1st, 2nd and 3rd in the standard Cymbidium class, 11th W.O.C., Tokyo. Cymbidium Highland Lassie ‘Jersey’ AM/RHS The only gold medal for standard Cymbidiums at the 11th W.O.C., Tokyo. Also the best in Odontoglossums (including semi-albas), Miltonias, and some fine Cattleyas (including new Hazel Boyd mini crosses). A limited number of these plants will be sold as seedlings. When ready, we will advertise and notify our mailing list customers. Mark Wheatley Chelsea Exotics, c/o North Dandalup Post Office, WA 6207. Telephone (09) 5301 304. Company No. 8388250 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 ee 47 LETTERS Dear Sir, Some of our members have expressed concern that a few Advertisers are using a P.O. Box number only and not giving an address. The feeling is that some advertisers of this type could lower the tone of the magazine. A, Bennett (Hon. Sec.) Hervey Bay Orchid Society Inc. Editor's Note: Any comments from advertisers? What makes a good stud? (AOR. SPRING 1987) Dear Sir, Ihope I may be allowed the courtesy ofa reply to Bob Nicolle’s article in the Spring 1987 Australian Orchid Review. As is | typical of Bob’s articles, I had trouble | deciding whether it was an unpaid | advertisement or not. To say that when an orchid parent produces progeny superior to itself there is never any point in using that parent again is patently drivel. Many unawarded or seemingly humble parents have | produced highly awarded progeny and | many showy and highly awarded orchids | are dismal failures as parents. Can Bob | Nicolle explain why Sleeping Dream | ‘Tetragold” AM/RHS (not bred by a | Valley Orchids but exhibited by them) WINTER WONDER ‘CONNIE’ "__has proven such a dismal parent when its | parent Sleeping Beauty has produced and | is still producing quality offspring? Winter Wonder ‘Connie’ is one of our many exclusive parent plants. It | For Bob Nicolle to say that in my article opens in early June and carries up to eighteen full shaped flowers. By } on Moder Cymbidium _hybridising using selected stock from our breeding bank in careful combination it | parents such as Claude Pepper, Coraki should be possible to achieve a very superior result. ‘Margaret’ 4n and Solana Beach ‘St Francis’ 4n were recommended is indeed correct. However his limited knowledge Our April catalogue has nearly sold out. We hope to have anewone out in | of cymbidium hybridising again trips him November, so if your name is noton our mailing list drop us a line, and you | up. The Claude Pepper tetraploid will receive a copy as soon as it becomes available. | remakes did not flower until 1980 when they gained numerous awards. Coraki | ‘Margaret’ 4n did not flower until 1981 | and was awarxded B/CSA in 1982 while _ Solana Beach ‘St Francis’ 4n gained a PET ER ROCH FORT | B/CSA in 1977. Their first progeny did | not flower until the 1980s which cer- | tainly makes them modern parents. PO BOX 247, BROADWAY, NSW, A ranted Pa | I am surprised that Valley Orchids BH 872 1651 (AH after 7 pm | discarded varieties such as Rincon Phone 427 2575 ( ) P | ‘Clarisse’ 4n HCC/AOS and Firewheel | ‘Ruby 4n HCC/AOS over 10 years ago due to their inherent faults. For Bob’s information Valley Orchids did not even 48 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 TO THE EDITOR acquire these two parents until 1977 and then they would have had to acclimate to their Southern Hemisphere environment before flowering. In any event Bob’s garrulous predecessor at Valley Orchids was in charge of Valley Orchids in those days. I am surprised that someone at Valley Orchids decided to meristem an orchid with inherent faults for they were pleased to offer Firewheel ‘Ruby 4n meristems at their usual fancy prices just afew years ago! And much to my surprise when I referred back to the 1987 Valley Orchids catalogue I found seedling flasks offered of the cross Rincon ‘Clarisse’ 4n x Valley Crimson ‘Magnificent’ from a crossing made in 1985. Discarded over 10 years ago Bob — I think not! My article specifically mentioned con- verted tetraploid parents yet he takes me to task for not mentioning Alexanderi ‘Westonbirt? FCC/RHS 1922. Does Bob know something that no one else in the Cymbidium world does, namely that Alexander was 40 years ahead of the field in his use of Colchicine. Far from my Claiming that Candeur 4n was the white parent of the future, I cautioned that it ‘“‘is up against very stiff competition when compared to the white tetraploids extant”. The AOR article pictured a plant of Sleeping Ransom, a seedling flowering for the first time with 14 spikes from one bulb and two new growths. Bob suggested this was a type of exaggerated charac- teristic hybridisers should look for. Well the owner of this supposed wonder plant 1s Bill Bailey and he just happens to be a friend of mine. So I asked him a few questions: (1) Did all the spikes come to maturity? No, many of the buds dropped. (2) Were the flowers any good? It was a Clear yellow pure colour but the flowers were not exceptional. (3) Did the plant ever repeat its multi- Spiking performance? The plant grew on and has been divided but the most spikes it ever had again was seven. Come on Bob, old time growers know these multi- Spiking freaks and also know that they hitherto have failed to pass their charac- teristics on. While we may never be able to resolve Our differing ideas on Cymbidium hybridising, I would like to throw out a little challenge to Bob. As readers know the 13th World Orchid Conference will be held in Auckland, New Zealand, September 1990. Ideal for Cymbidium growers in Australia, South Africa and New Zealand to show off the best of their new introductions. If Cymbidium hybrids from Featherhill Exotic Plants — Geyserland Orchids do not win twice as many prizes and awards in Auckland in 1990 as those originating from Valley Orchids, I will personally donate $5000 (Aust) to the Australian Orchid Foundation. Care to match the offer Bob? Andy Easton, Rotorua, New Zealand. Dear Editor, The members of the Aspley Orchid Society Inc. extend an invitation to all orchid growers attending either World Expo 88 or Orchid Expo 88 to visit us and enjoy some good Brisbane hos- pitality. Our Spring Show is on September 17, 18 at the Community Hall, Edinburgh Castle Road, Wavell Heights, Brisbane. Meetings are held at the same venue at 7.45 pm 1st Thursday night of the month and at 9 am 3rd Thursday morning of the month. Please contact our Society’s secretary and Hostess, Mrs Glenda Kubler. Phone 265 4050 or write P.O. Box 67, Aspley, Queensland, 4034. Glenda Kubler Aspley, Qld. Dear Sir, It has been a major concern of our Association that there should be one organisation catering for the advance- ment and conduct of the orchid industry of Australia. Apart from the Australian Orchid Exporters Association, no other group caters for professional orchid growers. Our Association has advanced the role of its members exporting orchids from Australia since the 1950’s. However, there is now a keen awareness of the dynamic changes in technology, market- ing and organisational structure that have occurred within the industry. Following many growers expressing the need for a united body for both our members and for orchid industry partici- pants, we feel the time is now opportune to innaugurate a professional orchid industry group within Australia. Its purpose would be to promote, protect and perfect the orchid industry. The recent successful submission to the Commonwealth by our Association con- cerning the imposition of fee for service in the issue of Phytosanitary Certificates, AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 Give your ETING a head start -.. Duy from the experts & save! SeSeSeSSsSsSsSsSSsSsSsSsSsssesesese CLADDING MATERIALS (Available in rolls/sheets or cut to size) @ Shade cloth - black, green, brown or white in light (50%) or medium (70%). @ Fibreglass Sheeting. HM Polyflute Sheeting. Hl Thermoclear (Polycarbonate twin-wall sheeting). Hl Marix Cloth - Thermal Screens. Hl Marix Cloth - Weed Control. Hi Polythene Film. @ Glasshouse Paint. HM Blackout Blinds & Thermal Screens. Hl Glazing Bars. ——— OO PROPAGATION EQUIPMENT (Heating only and Heating & Misting) @ Low Voltage trays (24 volt). Hl High Voltage Propagation Cables. Hl Flexible Carbon Mets. Hl Low Voltage transformers (large range). PROPAGATION ACCESSORIES @ Thermostats. HM Balance Arm Sensors. Hi Mist and Timer Controllers. @ Carbon Block Sensors. Hi Multi-area Mist Controllers. Hl Weather Waterer Mist Controllers. Hl Mercury Tubes. @ Dial Stem Thermometers. Hf Mini- Max Thermometers. Hl Hygrometers. @ PH. Meters. MConductivity Meters. H@ Resistance Wire (Heating Cable). @ Solenoid Valves. Hl Humidistats. GLASSHOUSES & SHADEHOUSES (Domestic and Commercial) @ Glasshouses (most top brands from small to large sizes). Hl Polythene Igloos. Hl Shadehouses (most top brands from small to large sizes). @ Conservatories and Garden Rooms. SPRINKLER & IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT (Including PVC Pipe & Fittings) @ Misting Jets. Hl Misting Jets with check valves. Hl Drippers. Hf Butterfly Ses H Sage Watering Jets. Cameron Sprays. Hl Dundas Flat Sprays. Hl Check Valves for Sprinklers. @ Plastic & Metal Bodied Solenoid Valves. @ Irrigation Controllers (Time Clocks). 121 Herald Street, Cheltenham, Vic, 3192 (Melway Ref. 78 B10) & Phone: AOE (03) 553 3777 Horticaltaral (reg. prop. Garden | =) Equipment Mfgs P/L) 49 Tandara Orchids IG ZWAK (COMMAS Quality Cattleyas Strong plants from small to flowering sizes Send 37¢ stamp for comprehensive listing. Tandara Orchid Nursery PO Box 235, Tolga, 4882 MERRELLEN ORCHIDS Ted & Barbara Gregory Specialist breeders of cool growing Aust Natives and Hybrids. Send 37¢ stamp for our 88-89 list. Mail orders our specialty. 181 Oxenford Road, Tamborine Heights, Qld 4271. px: (075) 45 1576 resulted in dropping of the charge for the certificates. This is a good example of the value of an industry organisation to lobby on behalf of its members. Many other advantages are to be gained in the field of promotion and technical innovation and research. All these matters will be canvassed with you later. _ Therefore, our Exporters group are pro- posing to alter their articles, permitting the admission of all professional enter- prises associated with the orchid industry. We further propose to call a joint meeting of our members and all who will be interested in joining an Australian orchid industry group. The proposed time of this meeting will be during the 11th Australian Orchid Conference, to be held in Sydney, between September 18 and 25, 1988. We invite your attendance at this meeting, the details of which will be supplied as soon as preliminary arrange- ments are confirmed. Meanwhile, your intention of support or interest in the proposed organisation would be welcome. Eric K. Leggett Bri-Elen Park Orchids HIGHFIELDS ROAD HIGHFIELDS BLUE RIBBON CYMBIDIUMS MINIATURES, INTERMEDIATES, STANDARDS FROM FLASKS TO FLOWERING PLANTS NEW EXCLUSIVE SEEDLING & MERICLONE RELEASES IN STOCK SEND FOR FLASK & SEEDLING CATALOGUES M.S. 582 TOOWOOMBA MAIL CENTRE Q 4352 PHONE ALEX SMITH (076) 30 8220 50 Dear Sir, South Australia has been recognised for many years as a State which has an enthusiastic group of Cymbidium growers. Most readers of the Australian Orchid Review would be aware of the established Nurseries, Adelaide Orchids and Valley Orchids, two well respected Orchid establishments world wide. Over the past 10 years however many ~ other keen Cymbidium growers have © established, or are establishing, their very own niche in the Orchid world — commercial, semi-commercial, and indeed a committed, and wide ranging group of hobbyists. A perusal of awards granted to South Australian growers, the degree of hybridising being undertaken, and the overall enthusiasm directed towards Cymbidium showing, is an indication of the level of participation in this State. During 1987 a number of these growers met to discuss their needs as progressive Cymbidium enthusiasts, and what could be done to fill a perceived void in information, debate and promotion in the area of Cymbidiums. A number of options were considered over a period of six months, with the advantages and disadvantages of various actions being contemplated. Over time the initial core group grew with monthly meetings being held at a local watering hole, the Kings Head Hotel. Over a meal, and one or two drinks, a comaraderie developed, with considerable trust and friendship being established. Critical appraisals of each others’ plants and breeding programmes was a feature of these very early meetings — not to mention the Pepper Steaks! Whilst the social atmosphere was enjoyed by all, it was felt that we needed to expand our horizons, and involve more growers in our activities. Accordingly a Public Meeting was called for May 24, 1988. How many people would attend? Would there be support for such a specialist group? What direction would the group take? On opening night (yes it was very much like a new stage produc- BRAZILIAN ORCHIDS AND BROMELIADS Plants and Seeds CATALOG No. 80 offers around 3,000 true- to-name different ORCHIDS and BROMELIADS, and contains nearly 400 illustrations (also in color), will be sent for US$5.00 by air mail. Payments exclusively by cash, or cheque payable in NEW YORK, by any bank. We supply also seeds of PHILODENDRUM, PALMS AND OTHER FOLIAGE PLANTS AND HAVE GUARANTEED SINCE 1906 our products. # uuu. ALVIM SEIDEL Orquideario Catarinense PO Box 1, 89280 CORUPA, Sta. Catarina. Brazil. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 tion — will the audience like it, or will tomatos be thrown?) a total of 105 people attended. The program featured a cultural seg- ment, discussion of Lunagrad “‘Elanora’’ and its influence on modern day hybrids, and a review of plants exhibited by those in attendance. The emphasis of the meeting was on audience participation, as distinct from the usual picture theatre Style format. At the conclusion of the meeting, enthusiasm was sky-high. Support was clearly evident for a club focussing solely on Cymbidiums. Given the response, the original steering committee set forth to establish a new Orchid Club. At the second meeting, with 108 people in attendance, a Consti- tution for The Cymbidium Club of South Australia was adopted, and a Committee appointed by the foundation members. Dean Roesler has been appointed Editor of the South Australian Cymbidium Orchid News, the official Club bulletin. Dean is a natural for this demanding position, and has produced a bulletin that sets new standards for Orchid Clubs in Australia. The Cymbidium Club of South Aust- ralia has emerged from a genuine need for a specialist Orchid Club, and new established, has an exciting future. Indeed its short and long term goals will See it as an innovative and prominent Club that will have considerable impact for the Australian Orchid movement in the future. I take this opportunity to formally announce the “birth” of our Club, and extend a warm invitation to interstate and country visitors to attend our meet- ings, held on the 4th Wednesday of each month at the Australian Mineral Foun- dation, Conyngham Street, Glenside. Should anyone wish to receive our bulletin, contact should be made with the secretary. The Secretary, The Cymbidium Club of SA, c/105 Bolivar Road Salisbury North 5109. NEW ORCHIDS =1@)0) REVIEW The Dendrobium Family Editor: Peter R. Head Printer Glasshouse Country Printing RRP $9.00 — Soft cover A mammoth task undertaken to com- plete a list of all dendrobium registrations up till November 1987. The lists are in 4 parts, species, natural hybrids, primary hybrids and complex hybrids. The Dendrobium nobile or softcane hybrids are marked. A handy addition for all orchid growers especially those specialising in den- drobiums, hardcane, softcane, or native. Obtainable from: Peter R. Head, P.O. Box 551 Alderley, Qld 4051. Orchids of South- eastern Australia This publication is a poster compiled and published by the Gould League of Victoria. It illustrates 36 common terrestrials of South-eastern Australia, known by com- mon name, on the reverse side is a table of scientific names and habitat, etc. The size of the poster is 48cm x 73cm and the cost is $5.40 plus postage and handling. It can be obtained from: Gould League of Victoria, P.O. Box 446 Prahran 3181. NEW MANAGEMENT OLD ADDRESS EX McBEANS SITE SHOP HOURS - FRI/SAT/SUN 10A.M. - 6P.M. GRAYLANE ORCHIDS P.L. 256 Jasper Road, McKinnon Vic. Tel.: (03) 578 6182 WIDE RANGE OF IMPORTED AND LOCAL CLONES AVAILABLE SEEDLINGS FROM THE WORLDS FOREMOST HYBRIDIZERS SEND 9 x 4.S.A.E. FOR NEW CATALOGUE LISTINGS. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 eee INDIANA ORCHIDS SPECIALISING IN Cattleya, Dendrobiums, Onc. Alliance, Intergenerics and Miltonias. Please write for free listing 28 LLOYD STREET, SOUTH TWEED HEADS GOLD COAST N.S.W. 2486 Phone (075) 54 3166 Australian & New Guinea species antelopes and their hybrids. Specialising )_in Den lasianthera breeding and 1 hybrids. Seedlings y to flowering size SAE for catalogues. Marj Purnell 6 Holmes Drive, Beaconsfield, North Mackay, Queensland 4741. Telephone (079) 42 1546 AUSTRALIAN NATIVE TERRESTRIAL ORCHIDS Available as DORMANT TUBERS — November- February BARE ROOT PLANTS — May-August Easily grown species and hybrids from a range of genera including Acianthus, Caladenia, Chiloglottis, Corybas, Diuris, Microtis, Pterostylis and Thelymitra. Send SAE for listing and cultural notes L.T. & M.K. NESBITT 18 Cambridge Street, Vale Park, SA 5081 Quality Mericlones and Seedlings in Mini Flask Send for catalogue Jungle Gems Inc. 300 Edgewood Road Edgewood MD 21040, U.S.A. Sl COLEMAN’S ORCHIDS (BRIAN & LORRAINE COLEMAN) Hardcane Dendrobiums and some Cattleyas From flask to flowering size We have taken over the Dendrobium and Cattleya stock from D’Bush Nursery and will continue to supply only top quality plants. Nursery Hours: Sunday to Thursday Friday and Saturday by arrangement. Flasking service also available. Please write for list. P.O. Box 57 Kuranda Old. 4872 | PHONE (070) 93 7943 MIN! CYMBIDIUMS from Queensland’s Gold Coast Specialists in miniature and intermediate cymbidiums including temperature tolerant varieties For list including our exclusive crosses please send stamp to: Arundel Estate Orchids 5 Uplands Drive, Arundel, Gold Coast, Qld, 4214 Nursery open by appointment. Please phone (075) 94 6349 before calling PACIFIC ORCHIDS Over 130 different Australasian hybrids & species to choose from. 12 km south of Ballina on Pacific Highway Send stamp to Pimlico Rd. Pimlico 2478 Ph. (066) 87 4520 Closed Tuesdays ORCHID ENTERPRISES PO Box 2398, Southport, Qld. 4215 PHONE: (075) 53 1924 FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones Cattleyas - Softcanes - Hardcanes Vandaceous - Odont. alliance - species KEIKIGROW PRODUCTS — we are the SOLE Australian agents for Keikigrow Products of Canada. Keikigrow - Stoprot and Rootgrow in stock - 7.5cc at $12.50 Post Paid Send stamp for our current listings. TAMBORINE MOUNTAIN ORCHIDS 158 Long Road (P.O. Box 4) Eagle Heights. Queensland 4271 Phone (075) 45 1303 CLOSED SUNDAYS The following Cattleya Mericlones are just a few good suggestions from our huge range of Orchids and if you do not have our 1988 Catalogue, send Name and Address plus 37¢ stamp and we will forward by return mail. M62 Bic. MAITLAND “MILES” AM/AOS Yellow with Red labellum. Good shape 4” Pot $15.00 M134 Blc. DESTINY “TRIMWOOD” Daffodil-yellow, entire flower almost concolor 4” Pot $15.00 M138 Blc. GOLDCOUNTRY “FINE GOLD” Good shape, Clear Yellow with Crimson Labellum 4” Pot $15.00 M149 Bic. FRANK FORDYCE “SUNSHINE” Exhibition Orchid with Creamy/Green Petals, Sepals and Lip with Crimson Splashes on Petals, Sepals and Lip 4’ Pot $20.00 M176 Lc. PIRATE KING “CRIMSON GLORY” BM/JOGA Dark Crimson and enique color well shaped 4” Pot $20.00 M35 Ble. Francis Miles “LOVELY” AM/AOS Golden Orchid with a Gorgeous Red Labellum 5% Pot $25.00 M43 Pot. NAOKAZU “FIREBALL” SM/JOGA Medium size Red Good Grower 544” Pot $25.00 M115 Le. ROYAL EMPEROR “CHRIS” AM/AOS Ruby Red 5%” Pot $25.00 M132 Ble GOLDEN SLIPPERS “LAME” Concolor yellow 5%” Pot $25.00 We are pleased to have been appointed sole Agents for QUEENSLAND for LEN & MAURIEN HOCKEY of WYONG ORCHID NURSERIES (NSW) & to offer their Large range of NEW TOP QUALITY CYMBIDIUMS also appointed agents for NEIL & MEG FINCH (NSW) trading aa DOWN UNDER NATIVE ORCHIDS specialising in Australian Native Orchids & Hybrids. With the addition of this New Stock to our alread Large Range of Orchids we have so much more to offer our Customers & Look forward to a Visit, Phone call or Letter for our BEST ATTENTION. TG anes ALL ABOVE PRICES PLUS FREIGHT OR POSTAGE welcome here AGENTS WYONG ORCHID NURSERIES (0PEN EVERY DAY) Basford Road, Lake Munmorah N.S.W. 2259 Telephone (043) 58 8563 52 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 0 7 TILIA DLA WE SMASH, PLANT-OUT & GROW YOOR PLANTS / We deflask all year round! Cymbidiums and Cattleyas. You buy the flask, have it delivered to us and we deflask and grow on the plants. You receive them back in 4-6 months, well established in 75mm pots (3”). If you have seen our plants you know you won't be disappointed! Contract growing enquiries from commercial nurseries welcome. We have deflasked over 15,000 plants in the past 2% years for enthusiasts and nurseries. Why not try this service? PRICES: Up to 10 plants $1.50 ea. 11 to 100 plants $1.00 ea. 101 to 500 plants $0.90 ea. Spring Catalogue Out Now! LAZY POSSUM NURSERY 54 Worthing Rd, Devon Meadows 3977 Phone (059) 98 2535 OPEN 7 DAYS 10AM — 4.30PM AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 53 —_— The Orchid Review Founded in 1893, by R. A. Rolfe, The Orchid Review is the oldest orchid magazine in print. Throughout its lifetime it has held its place as one of the foremost orchid magazines, with contributors from all over the world to cater for our international readership. Among our many regular features we are the first with the new RHS Orchid Hybrid Registrations, and we report monthly upon the latest awards from the RHS Orchid Committee, superbly reproduced in colour. Join the ever-increasing band of subscribers who regularly enjoy The Orchid Review. Published monthly on the first day of each month. 1987 subscription for 12 issues £19.00 ($32.50) (surtace mail inclusive) £8.20 ($12.30) Please send cash with order to: The Orchid Review, Katukelle House, Victoria Village, Trinity, Jersey, Channel Islands 54 TOM BURIAN ORCHIDS P.O. BOX 107 WARRADALE, 5046 i % FOR SALE k** — BULK PURCHASE OFFER OF — *% EXCLUSIVE SEEDLINGS *x* ** CYMBIDIUMS ** OFFER (No. 1) 2,000 seedlings of 15-30cm leaf length. (Some with a green bulb) OFFER (No. 2) 5,000 seedlings of 15-30 cm leaf length (Some with a green bulb) This offer, of exclusive seedlings, may never be repeated as a bulk offer. * All offers to be submitted in writing to the above address. + A division of BC. Dundas ‘Toms Pride’ HCC/OCSA (Recently awarded Cattleya) will be included with offer (No. 2). List of crosses available. TOM HENRY PTY LTD ORCHID SPECIALISTS CYMBIDIUMS CATTLEYAS PAPHIOPEDILUMS PAPHIOPEDILUMS OF QUALITY AND DISTINCTION. AWARD AND NEAR AWARD PLANTS — BLOOMING SIZE Clairvoyance ‘Buttercup’ — Spotted on green — $125 Dimity ‘Alexandra’ FCC & Gold Medal — $250 White Royal ‘Pinkie’ Award Standard — $125 Pealberry ‘Playtime’ Long spiking white — $95 Delophyllum ‘Pink Pearl’ Beaut Primary — $125 Silvara ‘Minerva’ Top White — $90 Mandy Lou ‘Strawberry’ Terrific Red — $175 MOST OF THESE — FIRST TIME OFFERED — Outstanding Cymbidium seedling hybrids — growing in 6” pots — selling @ $10.50 each or the 5 for $50. Trigo Royale ‘Marg’ x Lunagrad 4n. June yellows/greens Wallara ‘Gold Nugget’ x hegrito ‘Cherry Ripe’ Pinks/yellows . Reds — September Miretta ‘McBeans’ 4n x Ovation ‘24’ — 4n. July— Greens— Long Spikes. Winter Wonder ‘Neil Robinson’ x Trigo Royale ‘Marg’ Whites/yellows — June/July Allcaria ‘St Lita’ x Terama ‘Red’ July Pinks OUR PLANTS ALSO AVAILABLE FROM Pleasant Park Nursery, Back Cam Rd Somerset Tas Graham Peterson, 53 Hilda St, Cheltenham, Vic. PO Box 71, 25 Ruskin Rowe, Avalon Beach, NSW 2107 Telephone: (02) 918 2504 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 aire oS ste a ee | | Sarochilus hartmannii ITS DISTRIBUTION AND CULTIVATION | pavia Banks Sarcochilus hartmannii is one of the most popular of our native orchids and is certainly my favourite of the Sarcanthinae. It has succulent leathery, but brittle leaves up to 24 cm long and 3 cm wide. Racemes up to 30 cm long are either erect or arched and carry up to 26 densely packed white to cream flowers with some degree of brown to reddish markings in the centre of the flower. Sarcochilus hartmannii is distributed from the Ellenborough Falls in the head- waters of the Hastings River and sporadically along the east coast of NSW to as far north as Nambour in Southern Queensland. It can be roughly grouped into two main forms i.e. the ‘Southern’ form and the ‘border ranges’ form. The ‘southern’ form is distributed from the southern tributaries of the Hastings River in Northern NSW to the Macleay and Bellinger River systems approxi- mately 150 kilometres north along the coast of NSW. It usually grows at about 600 metres altitude on ranges which are not in close proximity to the sea. In the southern part of its distribution it tends to grow near creeks in rather Shaded conditions but can also be found on exposed cliffs. This form is a very vigorous grower, with light green leaves which are sometimes on the yellowish side. The leaves are usually larger and thinner than the same species from the border ranges. The main difference is in the flower and flowering time. The ‘southern’ form initiates its racemes in late March and flowers between July and September. The flowers are a deep cream with brown markings in the centre. The flowers are generally very open with gaps between the segments. It does very well in culti- vation, grown in the bushhouse under 70 per cent shadecloth, and I personally believe that it deserves to be given Varietal status one day. The ‘border ranges’ form centres around the NSW/Queensland border and continues spasmodically north through Toowoomba into the ranges behind Nambour in southern Queens- land. This is the form most commonly grown and is certainly one of the most beautiful of our native flora. The best Clones of this species have been found at altitudes of approximately 800 metres on the crater, radiating from the extinct and massive Mt Warning volcano near Mur- willumbah in north-east NSW. Probably the best known forms came off a small hill at the western end of the Nightcap Range — known as Blue Knob. Over the years intensive collections from there have resulted in its virtual extinction from this locality. It is no wonder now that the exact locations of existing colonies of this species are a closely held secret! A lot of superior clones came off Blue Knob — suchas Sarcochilus hartmannii ‘Blaxland’, Sarcochilus hartmannii ‘George’ AM/AOC, Sarcochilus hartmanii ‘Eric Marygold’, Sarcochilus hartmannii‘Cardwells’ and Sarcochilus hartmannii ‘Kerri’ AM/AOC, but so did a lot of ordinary ones. Unfortunately, a majority of people refer to Sarcochilus hartmannii var. blue knob, It is not a variety! — just a location from which a number of good clones were originally collected. Similar clones have been found on and near Mt Lindsay and other nearby rocky outcrops. The plants from the border ranges are a lot thicker, broader and darker green that the ‘southern’ forms. The flower racemes are initiated in June and flower about six weeks later than the ‘southern’ forms. The flowers are a glistening white with varying specks of brown in the centre. A lot of good clones will cover a 10 cent piece, while the odd outstanding one will fill a 20 cent piece. On these clones the segments are wide and overlap to form a well filled-in circle. These clones are always sought after and have been the foundation for a number of hybridising programs. There are albino forms, but these are few and far between — these being white with yellow to cream centres. Some of the most eye-catching clones of Sarcochilus hartmannii have come from the Numinbah Valley in south-east Queensland. They are vigorous growers which send out side growths freely and produce large white flowers with distinc- tive brownish-orange centres in a similar fashion to Sarcochilus fitzgeraldii. At HUMPYBONG ORCHID NURSERY 38 Collins Street, Woody Point, Queensland 4019 Phone (07) 284 3283 PHALAENOPSIS — CATTLEYA — DENDROBIUM & OTHERS. We have large stocks of HOBBY FLASKS, COMMERCIAL FLASKS & PLANTS. Our stock is mainly produced from imported mother flasks. Please send a 37¢ stamp for lists. Please Note Nursery Closed During July, No orders will be despatched. Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday & Saturday — 9 am-5 pm. Closed All Day Wednesday Sunday 10 am-3 pm CLOSED ALL OF JULY. Sole Australian Agent — MINTAl ORCHIDS, TAIWAN Please note, during Orchid Expo 88 at Caloundra. 7-12th Sept our nursery hours will be 10 am-2 pm daily. We look forward to meeting you all there. We will have a good range of flasks available at our stall in conjunction with G & B Robertson. Macama Orchids LYCASTE Seedlings available in 60mm and 100mm pots. Lycaste can be grown in shadehouse one of our crosses Gyra “‘Kathy”’ recently won a grand championship. Lists Available S.A.E. 169 PENNANT HILLS ROAD, CARLINGFORD, NSW. AUSTRALIA 2118. TEL (02) 630 1904 VISITORS WELCOME PLEASE PHONE AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 i <= sa 56 SUNSHINE ORCHID NURSERY 2034 ROGHAN RD, BALD HILLS, BRISBANE, 4036 TELEPHONE (07) 263 4902 (Closed Sundays) EVERYTHING FOR ORCHID GROWERS AMATEUR AND PROFESSIONAL Write for our full catalogue which includes a wide range of plants, flasks and accessories. Mail Orders Processed Promptly (Discounts for Quantity) YES — OUR MODERN LABORATORY UNDERTAKES CUSTOM FLASKING (Both Commercial and Private) - AND FOR TOP SHOWBENCH RESULTS USE OUR LONG LASTING Sterilised and Treated Orchid Bark AVAILABLE IN FIVE (5) GRADES (FULL DETAILS IN OUR CATALOGUE) BANKCARD, MASTERCARD AND VISA CARDS ACCEPTED CLONING LABORATORIES 13A/3 Richard Close, North Rocks. NSW 2151 P.O. Box 337, Carlingford, NSW 2118 Telephone: (02) 630 1876 Independent Tissue Culture Laboratory Available for. @ Seed culture @ Mericloning @ Replating Confidentiality Assured Price List on Application present, this form is not common in cultivation. It is quite possible that the Numinbah Valley form is the plant described by R. D. Fitzgerald as Sarcochilus rubricen- trum in 1884 — even though he was led to believe that the clone in question was collected from the Atherton Tablelands in north Queensland. Unfortunately, due to a typographical error in A. W. Dockrill’s extensive work, Australian Indigenous Orchids, a \ot of people still spell this species incorrectly. Remember it has two “‘n’’s and two “‘i’’s — please check you labels! I grow this species in squat black plastic pots in a mixture of 50 per cent gravel and 50 per cent pine bark in the bushhouse under two layers of 70 per cent shade- cloth The gravel/bark mix allows for air circulation and perfect drainage, so waterlogged pots are seldom a problem. Plants are on wooden benches which are - approximately 60 cm (2 feet) off the ground and receive sunlight for most of the day. Watering requirements for the plants are influenced by both the seasons and prevailing weather conditions. Remem- ber, if in doubt about watering, it would be wise to leave it ’till tomorrow. During the warmer months I water just before sunset and in the cooler months in the mornings. On average I water the plants twice a week in summer, to once a fort- night in winter. They should not be watered during the heat of the day or you may rot the growths of these monopodial plants. For similar reasons, plants are not watered late in the day during the colder months as freezing could occur if the temperature drops lower than antici- pated. It is always best to be on the safe side. One good way of checking the moisture level in the pots is to take the plant label out. If it is moist, then you can hold off the water for another day or two. Remember that if the top layer of the mixture is dry, do not assume the rest of the mix is the same. As mentioned earlier, it is better to underwater than overwater. We do not fertilise any of our Sarcochilus species or _ hybrids. However, diluted applications of any organic fertiliser will do no harm to the plants. While Sarcochilus hartmannii grows steadily throughout the year, it really gets a kick on in autumn, as evidenced by the number of new roots and shoots. In nature, these plants receive plenty of fresh air and, due to the aspects in which they grow, have perfect drainage. When growing virtually any orchid, perfect drainage is a requirement — with Sarcochilus it is aneccessity. It is impor- tant that this species is kept slightly moist year round as it has no rest period. Because Sarcochilus plants do not have pseudobulbs, they need regular water- AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 ings as their only storage organs are in the leaves and roots. In the wild these plants develop quite extensive root systems to trap moisture. Sarcochilus hartmannii, like the other lithophytes, has thick fleshy Toots which scramble over rocks, through leaf litter and finally, into cavities in the rocks where it can. Remember to pot the plant in a con- tainer which holds the roots comfortably. I prefer squat black plastic pots. Terra- Cotta pots, as well as being expensive, build up salt deposits within clay and break when you drop them. When repot- ting plants in plastic pots, little damage is done to the succulent root system while those growing in terracotta are notorious for sticking onto the pot and thus break- ing when being repotted, hence setting the plant Lack. For large plants in large pots it may be necessary to crock the pot ‘vith large river pebbles or large chunks of Casuarina bark. You will notice that I do not use charcoal or sandstone. Charcoal tends to build up salts, whether you use fertiliser Or not, after a short period of time. We use pebbles in our mix instead of char- Coal for the following reasons: (a) they do not build up salts — which leads to root Tot; (b) they do not break down — which Means they are re-useable; (c) it is natural and cheaper than charcoal; (d) pebbles help to keep the roots cool in Summer and (e) help keep plants firm in S. harmannii ‘Eric Marygold’ collected in the early 1950s. Flower size of 20¢ piece. PHALAENOPSIS CO KS Se 2: MUNITY:-POTS Each Pot contains 5 well grown seedlings of each cross PRICE — $10.00 per pot. Skyroad door to door freight P230CP P226CP P253CP P255CP P258CP P260CP P261CP P266CP P276CP P228CP $8.50 for up to 10 pots. Phal. Paifang’s Sweet I-ui‘Mingtuh’ x Dtps. Odorika ‘Miwa No. 2’. Large whites with red lips. Phal. Freed’s Danseuse ‘SCL’ AM/OSROC x Phal. Matou Freed ‘Tinny AM/OSROC. Pink stripes. Phal. Frisson x Dtps. Chiata ‘Chi Yi’. Pinks with spots. Phal. Hauserman’s Candy ‘York’ x Dtps. Happy Valentine ‘M- 31’. Pink stripes. Phal. Arai ‘A-9’ AM/OSROC x Dtps. Chia Lin ‘Der Sing’. Deep fuschia pinks. Phal. Carmela’s Dream x Spitzberg. (Fine large whites). Dtps. Chia Lin ‘Der Sing’ x Dtps. Mary Ames ‘Brother. Pinks with red lips. Phal. Morgenrose ‘Brother x Dtps. Happy Valentine. Deep pinks. Phal. (Redfan x Ruffec) x Grace Lady ‘Yung Ho’. Whites with red lips. Phal. Glady’s Read ‘Snow Queen’ FCC/RHS x Phal. Fun Time ‘Paifang’. Large exhibition whites. MANY OTHER COMMUNITY POTS AVAILABLE IN MOST GENERA — LISTINGS AVAILABLE GRAHAM & BERYL ROBERTSON M.S. 1096 Blackall Range Rd., NAMBOUR 4560 Phone (071) 42 1913. Please phone before visiting AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 57 SSO OOOO DLEODQ ‘arbor orchids () Select from our large range. Suitable for all areas. SPECIES AND HYBRIDS Nursery CLOSED during Orchid Species Society of Victoria Inc. ORCHIDS & BROMELIADS SHOW 15th — 16th October 10am — 5pm Repco Training Centre, 511 Church St, Richmond ¢ () Nursery may be closed without notice during Orchid f) Shows. Please telephone to enquire. Agent for Nindethana Orchids Native hybrids — Miniature Cymbidiums ¥ Please send stamp for list. () Y Railway Ramp, Carinish Road, Clayton Victoria 3168 f) 4 Nursery Open 10-5 Thursday — Saturday (Other times by appointment) BAY VIEW ORCHIDS 440 Pine Ridge Road, Coombabah Gold Coast Queensland 4216 Telephone (075) 37 2964 SPECIALISING IN: CATTLEYAS, SOFTCANES, ONCIDIUM ALLIANCE 90% of our plants are produced from our laboratory SAE FOR CURRENT LIST We cater for Society Tours by prior arrangement. “The Dendrobium Orchid Family” A Complete listing of Registered Dendro- bium Hybrids and the species used to eels them. Species — Natural Hybrids — rimary Hybrids & Complex Hybrids listed alphabetically. Trace the parentage of Dendrobium favourites, right back to the species. Over 5400 entries— Easy to read — 112 pages — Hardcanes & Softcanes Compiled Registrations to Nov. 87. Com- mended by P. K (Dick) Searle. 1st Release — $9.00 ($10.00 posted) 10% Reduction for 10 or more copies. Societies, Nurseries, etc, welcome. Available from:- Peter R. Head P.O. Box 551, Alderley, Qid. 4051 Or Phone (07) 354-1166 for a chat. Petra Onohids P.O. Box 129 Townsville Qld 4810 Phone (077) 79 7973 NOW AVAILABLE Newly discovered Paphiopedilum species from China. Latest Hybrids from Hawaii (all genera) Exhibition Phalaenthe Dendrobium hybrids. ALSO AVAILABLE: New season advance flask list. Bob Gordon's Books “Beginners Guide to the Phalaenopsis Orchid” — $12.00 (plus postage) “Culture of the Phalaenopsis Orchid” $25.00 (plus postage) 58 S. hartmannii form from Numinbah Valley, Queensland. Note dark centre of flower. Phalaenopsis Only full range of phalaenopsis crossing Novelty & New Varieties Flask Available A\IB8 C Orchid Corp. Asia PB ristsiness Corp.) P.O. Box 105-075, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. Telex: 25445 Asia Agri Tel: (02) 834-3226-7 Fax No. 886-2-8349476 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 their pots and pots are less likely to blow over in the wind. The main disadvantage of pebbles is their weight. This is par- ticularly noticed when carrying a tray of plants to an orchid meeting! Sandstone is not used as it tends to be a ‘blotter’ for water and thus stays wet, rotting the roots. The question is, then, why in any event do growers use charcoal? How often do you see epiphytic or lithophytic orchids growing naturally on or in charcoal? I know I have not! Or at least — not live plants! It is saddening to know that this species — along with Sarcochilus ceciliae, Sar- cochilus fitzgeraldii and so many of our native orchids are rapidly disappearing from the wild. While commercial collec- tors and other orchid enthusiasts have done most of the damage, noxious weeds are also accounting for a large number of the plants. One usually has to walk for hours these days before finding extensive colonies of this delightful orchid. In the Numinbah Valley I have seen rock faces of this orchid wiped out by a variety of noxious weeds — including mist flower, crofton weed and lantana, which smother the plants and starves them of light and fresh air. Hopefully, collecting random plants from the bush will be minimised due to the efforts being made with line breeding of Sarcochilus hartmannii and the other lithophtic species. Selected, outstanding and vigorous clones are used and the resultant seedlings would, most of the time, be far superior to any bush collected clone. These seedlings are now becoming more readily available and grow into nice plants very quickly, flowering only a few years from the flask. Selfings and sibling crosses of good Clones should always be encouraged. It should be remembered that Sarco- chilus species — like all native orchids — are protected plants and should not be Collected from the wild. In most cases better quality plants can be obtained from people who specialise in this field. The increased proliferation of selfings and sibling crosses should help to take the strain off the plants in the wild. The unfortunate thing is that once an area is Stripped of a certain species, it is unlikely to ever reappear there. While Sarcochilus hartmannii is easy to grow, a lot of epiphytic Sarcochilus Species are very difficult to cultivate. These are definitely best left in their natural habitat where they can grow and flower and reproduce and flourish so future generations can derive pleasure from seeing some of Australia’s great Orchids in the wild @ Hills District Orchids, 183 Windsor Road, Northmead, NSW 2152. Southern form of S. hartmannii from Ellenborough Falls, NSW. FRANK SLATTERY ORCHIDS OF MERIT 12 EDDYSTONE ROAD, BEXLEY, NSW 2207. PHONE 50 7985 (Off Stoney Creek Road, opposite Bexley Park) You are invited to call and inspect a large selection of various genera, including first class Cattlevas, Cymbidiums, odontoglossums, Paphiopedilums, and all types of orchids suitable for bush and glasshouse. We publish regular listings of stock on hand — (Please enclose 60c for listings). “CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS, NAMES AND PARENTAGE”. New edition — complete to July 1983. Price $3.00 per copy plus 70c postage. Also new addendum July 1983 to December 1986. Price $2.50 posted. “THE NEW BOOK FOR ORCHID LOVERS’ in colour. Price $5.00 per copy plus 90c postage. OPEN SEVEN DAYS WEEKLY We carry large stocks of all types of orchids suitable for shade and glasshouse culture. We also stock fertilizers, ready-mixed compost, all types of sprays including ‘Physan’, water brakes and extension handles, sphagnam moss (Tasmania) and Dundas sprinklers for watering and misting. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 Ze 59 AT LAST Unbreakable vented polycarbonate containers for Orchid Flasking and Tissue Culture. They are time and money saving and made in two sizes 250m! & 500ml. Available from: P. & O.P. MAY 6 Graham Street, WINDSOR 4030 Brisbane. Phone (07) 857 5844 ORCHID CARE SERVICES Werner Deisel IF YOU NEED ADVICE?... {F YOUR ORCHIDS NEED REPOTTING... Contact me at 12 Amphitheatre Circuit, Baulkham Hills — Phone (02) 674 2642 é MATERIALS FOR SALE: A1 Pine Bark O Australian Casuarina Bark O WD. Misc. Orchid Bark Mix O W.D. Cymbidium Compost NEVINS NURSERY Roy & Jacqueline Down (props.) 413 MULGRAVE RD, CAIRNS PHONE (070) 54 1201 CATTLEYAS DENDROBIUMS PHALAENOPSIS SAE FOR LIST ORCHID BOOKS Send for free descriptive list of just about 400 currently available Orchid Books . . . sent surface mail anywhere in the world. POST PAID!! TWIN OAKS BOOKS 4343 Causeway Drive; Lowell, Michigan, USA Phone (616) 897 7479 Mastercard and Visa 60 Thinking of Tillandsias? Think & Bromelifolia! Tillandsias our specialty! * We grow our plants in the world’s largest Tillandsia nurseries! * Low prices and volume discounts! * Wholesale only! * Air deliveries to anywhere! Telex 5450 BROMELGU Tel. 313907 P.O Box 165 A Guatemala Ciry, Central America D/BUSH ORCHID NURSERY PO BOX 57, KURANDA, QUEENSLAND 4872 PHONE (070) 93 7923 We have for sale PHALAENOPSIS, VANDA AND REED STEM EPIDENDRUM ORCHIDS ONLY. @ In future this Nursery will be closed Tuesdays and Wednesdays, except by previous arrangement. FOR SPECIES AND HYBRID ORCHIDS & Ff \ IMPORTERS OF FINE STOCK irae NOW AVAILABLE ES FLOWERING SIZE SPECIES ASCOCENTRUM AMPULLOCEUM (deep rose or rose-magenta) ...... $12.50 DENDROBIUM FORMOSUM VAR GIGANTUM (White, yellow lip)... . $15.00 DENDROBIUM DRACONIS (ivory-white, vermillion throat) ........... $15.00 DENDROBIUM SECUNDUM (mauve-pink, orange lip) ............... $15.00 SEND SAE NOW FOR OUR LATEST CATALOGUE Bankcard, Visa and Mastercard Welcome 26 Gorari Street Idalia, Townsville 4810 Phone (077) 78 2472 P.O. Box 860, P Toowoomba, 4350 J Phone 076 967279 A ORCHIDS LABORATORIES FLASKING SERVICE SPECIALISING IN EXOTIC AND AUSTRALIAN NATIVES SEND STAMP FOR LIST MAIL ORDERS OUR SPECIALTY SEE YOU AT THE TOOWOOMBA ORCHID SPECTACULAR & CONFERENCE 17TH — 24TH SEPTEMBER 1989 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 THE AUSTRALIAN BRANCH CYMBIDIUM SOCIETY OF AMERICA will hold its THIRD INTERNATIONAL SHOW at BRIMBANK PARK KEILOR SET UP by 6.00p.m. - 29th September through 2nd October OPEN TO PUBLIC NOON 30th- 5.00p.m. 2nd THE SHOW WILL BE JUDGED BY AN INTERNATIONAL PANEL OF C.S.A. JUDGES We invite all Orchid Growers to take part in this show. Enter your plants for World recognized C.S.A. Awards. CHAMPION ORCHID OF SHOW - $500.00 ALL GENERA JUDGED For show schedule or further information, please contact:- GAI MAXWELL - 91 CANADIAN BAY ROAD, MT. ELIZA. Telephone: 787 1166 MT PLEASANT ORCHID NURSERY 148 School of Arts Road, Redland Bay, 4165 Qld Phone: (07) 206 7253 Growers and importers of quality plants CATTLEYA — PHALAENOPSIS — DENDROBIUM ETC. We are proud to be appointed Australian agent — Mintai Orchids Taiwan. We have large stocks of hobby flasks, commercial flasks and plants. Our plants are mainly produced from imported mother flasks. Our latest lines at very attractive rates. Enclose a postage stamp for comprehensive listing. We are suppliers of American (Sequoia) orchid bark: keenly priced. Nursery hours: 9 am-4 pm. Closed Monday. Join our 23,000 members throughout the world and discover the fascination of orchids through the American Orchid Society Bulletin. Published monthly, each issue features more than 100 pages of exquisite full-color photographs, informative articles, and an abundance of advertisements. As a new member, you will receive a free copy of the Handbook on Orchid Culture along with many other wonderful benefits. 1987 subscription: US$34.00 Other A.O.S. publications include the Awards Quarterly and Lindleyana (the AOS. scientific journal), both published quarterly. One-year subscription prices: Awards Quarterly— US$17.00; Lindleyana—US$22.00. Please send a check drawn on an American bank with your order to: AMERICAN ORCHID SOCIETY 6000 South Olive Avenue &k oe & & 4 GENERATIONS OF GROWING EXPERIENCE * * & * West] PalmiBsach) EloricalsSV0o hs It's Great, It’s ‘Bloomin’ Great Give It A Go Mate, from POLWOODPTY.LTD. | (PRODUCERS OF TREATED PINE BARK) Saltwater Creek Nursery, Vv MS. 236, Maryborough, Q. 4650 Quality quaranteed, boiled and limed. Ph neutral. Impurities removed, Telephone (071) 215737 Fax: (071) 23 1725. chunky, and long lasting. No need to soak in nutrients and Fungicides, it is ready for instant use. 4 grades available, single bags over 2 cft. For more information call Saltwater Creek Nursery. Ph (071) 21 5737, or call your nearest agent, they will be glad to be of service to you. Discounts for quantity. AGENTS: BRISBANE. Humpybong Nursery, 38 Collins Street, Woody Point, Qld. 4019. Ph (07) 284 3283. BRISBANE Cabbage Tree Orchids, Bill Twine, 3 Hickson Road, Deagon. (07) 269 8108. BRISBANE Graham & Mary Cook, 9 Eynsford St Carina, Ph (07) 389 6893. (07) 341 5601. BRISBANE Viking Fence & Garden Supplies, (Graham & Bary) 108 Bailey Rd., Deception Bay Ph (07) 203 3949. BUNDABERG. Noames Orchid Nursery, 32 Esplanade, Eliot Heads. 4670. Ph (071) 79 6208. BOWEN Riverdale Orchid Nursery, M. J. Edgerton, Bootooloo Rd, Bowen 4805. Ph (077) 85 2170 CAIRNS. Limberlost Nursery, Old Smithfield road, Freshwater, Caims. Ph (070) 55 1262 Caims. Caims buk landscaping supplies. 169 Hartley Street, Caims 4870. Ph (070) 51 5167. COFFS HARBOUR Banana Coast Nursery (Sandy Andersen) Heams Lake Rd, Woolgoolga Ph (066) 54 1183. 4 ies: | GLADSTONE Hyne & Son Pty. Lid, Car. Side & Yaroon Streets, Gladstone. Ph. (079) 72 1555. D ORCHID BAR i Aussie GYMPIE Bery Pedersen, 12 Widgee Crossing Road, Gympie, Ph (071) 82 2814. / (UME TREATED) GOLD COAST Sure Crop Nursery, Allan & Dorothy Kraschnefski, Nerang Broadbeach Rd, Carrara. Ph (075) 58 1861. : ug GRADE No. i] GOODNA Bauhinia Heights Nursery, Bob Mann, 10 Gramby Steety, Goodna Ph (07) 814 4833 : uy 7 : trading as HERVEY BAY Yallaroo Nursery, Goréon Cook, Maryborough Rd Pialba Ph (071) 28 1526 F wooo PTY. LTD: ie TWATER CREEK NURSR | IPSWICH Trevor Grewar, 27 Nolan Street, Raceview. 4305. Ph (072) 81 9619. HERVEY BAY RD, | LISMORE Summertand Orchids & Foliage Plants, Bob Wilson, 13 Ellis Road, Alstonville Ph (066) 28 0506. NAMBOUR Graham & Beryl Robertson, MS 1096, Blackall Range Rd Nambour Ph (071) 42 1913 YBOROUGH @. 4 (071) 215737 ROCKHAMPTON. Alan Stenlake, 59 Amstrong St, North Rockhampton, 4700. Ph (079) 22 4636. SARINA Harrison Nursery (Trevor) 2 Graham Street Sarina Ph (07) 956 2654. SYDNEY Sydney Orchids, 38 Engadine Avenue, Engadine Ph (02) 520 4830. SOUTH AUSTRALIA Bany Bailey, 5 Taunton Avenue, Enfield. 5085 Ph (08) 262 2620. TAMBOURINE. Tambourine Mountain Orchids, 158 Long Rd, Eagle Heights. Ph (075) 45 1303. TOOWOOMBA Rorafest Orchids, Darling Street, P.O. Box 7011, Toowoomba 4352. Ph (076) 30 1102. AH (076) 34 2953 TUMBI UMBI Johnlan Orchids, John & Elaine Bodycoat, Lot 2, Hansens Rd, Tumbi Umbi. NSW 2261. Ph (043) 88 1755. TOWNSVILLE. Keiths Nursery, 26 Gorari St. Walia, Townsville 4810. Ph (077) 78 2472 Look for us at EXPO ‘88, Caloundra 8th-12th September. Australia’s Bicentenary Orchid Festival, Sydney 17th-25th September. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 p40) 0) TAIN WITH EASY TO FLOWER CYMS Showbench winning mericlones specially chosen for you. These grow like mad and flower their heads off. Send $10 ea for these big husky bareroot mericlones. BAGDEMAGUS ‘PAUL MILLER’ AM/AOS S/CSA beautifully shaped Spring Show orange/yellow intermediate. SENSATION ‘AMINYA’4N Has been called “the best red”. A Spring standard tetraploid. LADYBUG ‘SENTINEL Tniuly charming late red mini. Tall strong spikes. SPECIAL LIMITED OFFERING BINGO ‘PINK BEAUTY HCC/AOC — OCSA Superb pink champion Spring intermediate B&L $20.00 — Flowering size $45.00 RUBY ANNIVERSARY ‘PINK SURPRISE’ HCC/AOC — OCSA Spring Show Champion. Tall rich pink standard. $17.50 VALERIE BROWN ‘EUREKA’ AM/OCSA HCC/AOC Considered the top Spring showbench green standard. $15.00 SUMMER PEARL ‘SITA’ (TRIGO ROYALE X PETER PAN) Dutch imported tall ultra-early white intermediate $15.00 MUTAWA ‘INFRA-RED’ AD/AOC — OCSA Recent winner of AOC award of distinction of the year. Glorious June/July red standard. Please include $8 for air freight. Orders over $100 FREIGHT FREE! Bank/ Mastercard welcome. Quote name, number and expiry date. Call or write for our FREE CATALOGUE. EASY ORCHIDS 5 Richman Ave. Prospect SA 5082 Phone Glenn Heylen (08) 344 4255 BUYER’S GUIDE CRUCIFIX ORCHIDS: Large range colours from $2 each, plus postage. S.A.E. for lists. Special offer 12 mixed for $27 posted. Air mail extra. Sheaffes nursery, 38 Fingal St Brunswick Hds. 2483. Ph. (066) 85 1387. CATTLEYAS. Top quality plants. Latest hybrids and species. Other Genera also available. Send SAE for comprehensive list. Prompt despatch. Kathmar Orchids. 15 Bancroft St. Glendale, 2285 NSW. FOR SALE. 1000 pots of Cymbidiums, ready for flowering next season. Top quality intermediates & miniatures of assorted colours and flowering times. All are well known meri- clones and seedlings. Price to be negotiated. For inspection, please phone 520 8089 A.H. WANTED TO BUY. Sanders list of Orchid Hybrids. Volume | & 2 1946 to 1960. 5 year addendum 1971 to 1975. Enquiries with price, to Mr M. Alvanos, 137 Ridge Rd Engadine, NSW 2233. NEW! NEW SERVICE FOR PHAL LOVERS. Yes we mericlone Phalaenopsis. Get in early to reap the benefits. Full details from Genetic Sciences, Box 1326 Toowong 4066. Tel.: (07) 277 8281. ORCHID BOOKS. A beautiful range of orchid books and gifts featuring orchids now available from Orchidaceous. For a free catalogue write to P.O. Box 118 Lismore NSW, 2480 or Phone (066) 28 1438. ORCHID STUDY COURSE by corres- pondence. 140 other courses including propa- gation, greenhouse management, tissue culture, wholesale nursery. Details from A.H.C.S. 264 Swansea Rd, Lilydale. Ph (03) 736 1882. MASDEVALLIA HYB. Warmambool Orchids. Veitchiana ‘Prince De Gaul’ x Maculata ‘Blackie’ beautiful red to golden brown flowers on tall stems. Uniflora x Corniculata — lovely pinks & reds. N.F.S. $10. Lge F.S. $20 P&P $3. 32 Riverview Terrace, Warnambool, Vic 3280 Ph (055) 62 3753. IND anaes SUMMER ISSUE The deadline for advertising copy is October 12. Please get your copy in early! 62 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SPRING 1988 ADVERTISERS INDEX VOLUME 53, No3 SPRING 1988 AO )S$Bulletingearies tera Onan ee eaten ities 61 AMP Cloning Laboratories ..............00000+ 56 (Atanbeem Orchids geeeenirtes actgesgtcriee tee sees Arbor Orchids R891) 3 (ae aes ate a Arundel Estate Orchids Asia Agri-Business Corp. . Banana Coast Orchids ... Bayview Orchids ........ ee Bélvedere! Orchids Gi F ese. ce TE9e rare cite 5 Berrys Nursery Supplies Botany Bayi Orchids menses teenie ites teint Border Hills Orchids Bromelifolia ....... Bryant, Alvin .... 3 BrifEllén| Parkes comune teen ten tieees 50 Burleigh Park Orchid Nursery ................3.. 34 Ceratobe Orchids A Charm Orchid Nursery ... ChelsealExoticsieeunas. Se Coleman's Orchidssatauscs> ee ss ce eee eee Colin’Campbell!Chemicals 70.2 nv. eee es 27 Collector’s Comer .... Computag .....- ris Crispins Nursery ..... aa fH! Crouch W.B. af Gymbidium | City Orchidstem sets etme eee eestor 13 ID Bush! Orchid i Nirserygn.s es cree, bees eee eee 13 Digital Audio Processing ................00-000 22 DingleysRérn|Matketipe ice o.0n oe tats eaten ts 11 DENSSALM Orchids Been centre erecta aerate 27 Double\U]Orchidsiiage este eee, ela eee 5 EastiCoast(Orchids pepe trentttensesecatretertre tere 36 Easy\Orchids ye aew vt esters eet) fae Endeavour Orchids . i Evelin Orchids ..... Fame Orchids ..... * EloratestOrchids Sot cet ae Peat ete Pesta cs aur 1 Flora Propogation Laboratories............... 45, 46 Foxfire here (PCr a geroeEaeee 48 Glenwood[Orchids tema. .2 eter ass dele nse Geyserland Onehids retest Ao oer Ap aA fee Humpybong Orchid Nursery Indiana Orchids Jingle! Gems escent teteun te er igtns eet crn sce Keith’siOrchid|Nurservaea seen osan cece ee Kudla Orchid Nursery ... Lakeside Orchids ........ Toul Mayergateercan ste tt ier ara ee ee eee ieee ee Orchid |CoMiecees eeret: oe oc neta 42 Macainia fertile cn eisiic tele sn ee ulareiese 55 Mackinney’s Nursery Mandurang Orchid Nursery ............0+0eee0ee 25 MayAPASAORP Pree me ern ee ratte tes 60 Maylield Orchids ar, Ser ne rarest 18 Meérelién| Orchids pammrn tas cit. Sees tant ener 50 Mooroolbark Ferns and Orchids ...............-5 10 MountiPléasant\Orchids ater... 2.) en tree MiiBeenaki Orchids iencertes sts ore ttt? Myall (Orchids $trestrettast ey cna enna Nesbitt, L. T. & M. K. Névyin's|Nurserygoejn nosy sey Orchid Enterprises ........... Orchid Media Laboratories .............. Orchid |Prodictions aay earlet, tebe os teraree Orchidaceolsie ym cec sen See picet ere gee ae Orchideario Catarinense ..2 2. .2.0.1....0..5.0... OrchidgleniNirserypeateceas doturs «tei vines eres Orchids from Karen McFarlane ...............+- 18 Pacific Orchids Parade|Orchids te ee eee eee 18, 19 Peter, ChilespPe ces weer nc tad ates tt eee eens 9 Peter, Head Bien. ett aortic tan? pee 58 Petral|Orchids is ptana fs ta ete ent ene 58 Pindimar Horticultural Supplies ................. 39 PYA\ Orchid [Caboratonies Beason 60 Portugal Corkiipope ethicists esate erase Price. Te Royale,Orchide aun an ecu Sage Horticultural oP went Saltwater Creeki Nursery gone: se copies tel oie ve ochalers: Orchids s:t-0 gas esc A shapely rounded flower, Paph. venting systems to contro! humidity. aS Catrillo ‘Domino’ was declared Cham- We also manufacture large pion Paphiopedilum, delighting well DEALER ENQUIRIES ; WIEROORIE cont rolsystemsifor ss < known owner Nicky Zurcher from call and talk to us. 2 Adelaide. Ss Champon Dendrobium was a freely Mi flowered plant of D. Golden Talisman miDAR O ‘Yamabuki’, entered by Sandy Anderson GLASSHOUSE PRODUCTS of Banana Coast Orchids, with masses of PO Box 40 (3 Wilga St.), & apricot flowers. CONCORD WEST, NSW 2138. : . : ; Phone (02) 73 5253 S es g A magnificent intergeneric hybrid took out Champion Oncidium Alliance for 30 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 BI-CENTENNIAL ORCHID SHOW aacco proud owner, Don Stephenson, Alexandara (Mcln. Pagan Love Song x Oda. Janis Andrew) ‘Starburst’. Awarded a Highly Commended Certifi- cate also. Faye and Lloyd Woolnough presented Paphiopedilum sukhakulii ‘Beecroft’ a large attractive form, to win Champion Exotic Species. Champion Australian Species, Sarco- chilus hartmanii Kerri’, was a picture of elegance and quality with 13 strong racemes carrying numerous flowers. A breakthrough in breeding by Wal and Jill Upton, Dendrobium Elegant Heart, a large shapely reddish flower caught the Judges eye and was judged to be Best Australian Native Hybrid. Champion Any Other Hybrid, Mas- devallia (fallata x veitchiana) shown by Royale Orchids, was most unusual with three stems of large reddish orange flowers. Two magnificently flowered specimen plants were presented to the judges for appraisal, and both were successful in gaining a Cultural Certificate. A huge plant of Lc. Chit Chat ‘Lorna’, shown by “Specimen” grower Barry Long, with masses of orange flowers, and Den- drobium canaliculatum exhibited by L. McFarlane of Cairns, also with a grand mass of flowers. A rare Award, an Award of Quality (minimum 12 of the same cross) was gained by Nicky Zurcher with a massed display of the coloured form of Paphio- pedilum Maudiae. Beautiful plants with large bold flowers carried on tall stems. Well done Nicky! The whole strength of the Show was the magnificence of the 43 displays. Metro- politan societies, native displays, country societies, interstate and trade displays, even the personal table top and floor displays added to the whole magnificent impact of colour, colour and more colour. Parramatta and District Orchid Society staged a grand entry and won the Class 2 — Display Section. Here we saw quality, variety, colour arrangement, with an outstanding points total of 87.4 points. Bankstown Orchid Society put up a splendid entry, but just fell down a little on quality and theme, runningin second place with 81.9. Sutherland Shire Orchid Society presented a fine display also, but could only attract 79.4 points for third place. Class 3.A. Display Class was won by the S.P.E.C.LE.S. Society with a well arranged display of species orchids in many interesting forms, with the “Bondi Tram” Society Eastern Suburbs second, with St George Society third. Country Societies (Class 3.B.) provided great interest and competition with Morriset and District winning from Manning River and Blue Mountains. Congratulations to all concerned. Interesting displays were presented by interstate societies, but the Victorian Orchid Club, with Cymbidium Jubilation ‘Geronimo’ to the fore beat The Orchid Club of South Australia, whilst The South Australian Orchidaceous Society and The Queensland Orchid Society placed Third and Fourth respectively. The Native Orchid Displays were superb, with A.N.O.S. Central Coast presenting a fine Display, out pointing The Panania East Hills RSL Orchid Society with North Shore running third. The Most Outstanding Display in the \e (Actual Pendant Size) PENDANT $44.50 LEAF BROOCH $59.50 NECKLACE $64.50 ALL MAIL TO: P.O. Box 907, Grafton N.S.W. 2460. (B.H.) (066) 42 4950. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 0 Ee eee eee Katnbow's End (ALAN ENGLERT) *s. SOLID HANDMADE GOLD AND SILVER “f ea > JEWELLERY As seen at recent Caloundra and Sydney Shows These are solid metal, not dipped like Asian flowers. Everything available in: Cymbid, Kingie, Cattleya, Oncid, Phally, Paph, Vanda, Miltonia. All prices are for solid silver in a pouch. Add $5 for box if preferred. POSTAGE: Certified mail $2.50; BANKCARD, MASTERCARD, VISA WELCOME Show, in the writer’s opionion, was the entry in Class 8.B. staged by S. Batchelor, R. Rivett, D. Butler and B. Fletcher. Here we saw quality, variety of natives, loved the terrestrials, colour, arrangement and display. Commercial Display Class saw Royale Orchids, renowned for their magnificent displays, this time presenting a high display, incorporating a five tier waterfall as a feature. Quality, variety and as always, colour carried the day. York Meredeth brought along masses of species of all types and colours and staged the largest Display, and could have not been far behind Royale. Werner Diesel came third with a fine display of species and novelties and a border of sophronitis. Space restrictions does not allow a complet run down of the Show. Congratulations to the winners and a big thank you to each and everyone involved inthe magnificent orchid spectacularin the Sydney Domain in September 1988 @ (Charms, Earrings smaller) EARRINGS $44.50 pr. CHARMS $15 ea. (Leaf Brooch) ALL GOLD P.O.A. C.0.D. $5.50; Courier $7.50. NURSERY: Lot 3 Cordini St., Tucabia 2462. (A.H.) (066) 44 8270 31 THE CONNOISERS’ COLLECTABLE “Every orchid grower who has seen these remarkable seedlings in bloom in our nursery has been taken back by their uniqueness. . .” Cymbidium pumilum var album x C. canaliculatum var sparkesii C pumilum isa highly regarded species extensively used in hybridising and C. pumilum var album is a gentle green variant with a white lip. C canaliculatum var sparkesii is an unusual species with deep, dark (almost black) crimson blooms, which, unlike C. pumilum, is a rare parent. These two fine species have been crossed by Sydney Orchids to produce this exceptional seeding. An exquisite plant with many remarkable characteristics that will make it irresistable to the orchid hobbyist. It is extremely heat tolerant and resistant to freezing winter night temperatures. Strong upright to semi-arching spikes carry masses of petite, well spread flowers of excellent substance with sepals and petals of intense dark red to deep crimson with scattered green. A late flowering, long-lived cymbidium blooming when the rest of our cymbidiums have finished in late October to December. Every orchid grower who has seen these remarkable seedlings in bloom in our nursery has been taken back by their uniqueness, many overwhelming us with a request for one. Therefore, Sydney Orchids has decided to release a limited number of this attractive and alluring cymbidium at the very special price of 280.00 ie a large specimum as pictured. (Larger plants also available — 10.00). All Australian orchid growers who take advantage of this unique offer before 31 January 1989 will have their prizeworthy specimum packaged and delivered to their door absolutely free of charge. Bankcard, Mastercard and Visa accepted (Quote name, number and expiry date) Please include $12 packaging and delivery for orders after 31 January 1989 Phone and/or mail orders and payment to: SYDNEY ORCHIDS PO BOX 348 ENGADINE NSW 2233 (02) 520 4830 P.S. In the Spring issue of AOR we had Cym. Fairy Rouge ‘Lavender Falls’ advertised ... Sorry, no more of the larger plants available. Few left at $30... but you'd better hurry! 32 ORCHID LABORATORY SEED FLASKING Exotics and Australian Natives REPLATING (We also accept flasks from other sources) MERICLONING All work carried out in our modern tissue culture laboratory under optimum conditions. Send for a free brochure providing tips on seed collection and charges. Small and large orders equally welcome. Flora Propagation Laboratories 18 Mundy St., Mentone, Melbourne Vic. 3194 (03) 584 2087 ORCHID ENTERPRISES PO Box 2398, Southport, Qld. 4215 PHONE: (075) 53 1924 FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones Cattleyas - Softcanes - Hardcanes Vandaceous - Odont. alliance - species KEIKIGROW PRODUCTS — we are the SOLE Australian agents for Keikigrow Products of Canada. Keikigrow - Stoprot and Rootgrow in stock - 7.5cc at $12.50 Post Paid Send stamp for our current listings. mie Vatets) cs) Orchids. Quality Cattleyas Strong plants from small to flowering sizes | Send 37¢ stamp for comprehensive listing. Tandara Orchid Nursery PO Box 235, Tolga, 4882 NURSERY Roy & Jacqueline Down (props.) 413 MULGRAVE RD, CAIRNS PHONE (070) 54 1201 CATTLEYAS DENDROBIUMS PHALAENOPSIS SAE FOR LIST AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 ORCHID SPECIAL A&B FERTILISERS Food for all Orchid Species Crystalline — fully water soluble — _ especially manufactured for better orchids. Rich in 8 essen- tial mineral trace elements. ORCHID SPECIAL A (Yellow Compound) 11.13.16 Applied at initiation of flower spikes and continued through to the end of flowering. The high phosphorus and potassium and the low nitrogen content stimulates flowering and ensures a better bloom. ORCHID SPECIAL B (Blue Compound) 30.4.8 For established plants, applied at completion of flowering through to initiation of flower spikes. Young and developing orchids should be fed regularly the whole year. The high nitrogen stimulates plant growth and plant vigour. Packed in 500g 3kg and 30kg units. Periodic feeding 15 g in 5 litres of water. Regular feeding 2 g in 5 litres of water. Campbell Orchid Special A & B Fertilisers “just for good orchids” For the name of your local supplier contact: NSW: Canfel (02) 533 3417. Frank Slattery Orchids (02) 50 7985, Lagoon Nursery (02) 982 9849. VIC: Fertool Distributors (03) 793 3844. QLD: Burnell Agencies (07) 394 2211. WA: Nurserymens Supplies (09) 353 2536. SA: Munns (08) 293 2442, Lawlors (08) 43 9636. TAS: Horticultural Supplies (003) 34 1244. NT: Tropigro (089) 84 3200. A product of COLIN CAMPBELL (CHEMICALS) PTY. LTD. 5 Blackfriar Place, Wetherill Park, NSW 2164 Telephone (02) 725 2544 _ Fax: (02) 604 7768 P.O. Box 789, Smithfield NSW 2164 BAY VIEW ORCHIDS 440 Pine Ridge Road, Coombabah Gold Coast Queensland 4216 Telephone (075) 37 2964 SPECIALISING IN: CATTLEYAS, SOFTCANES, ONCIDIUM ALLIANCE 90% of our plants are produced from our laboratory SAE FOR CURRENT LIST We cater for Society Tours by prior arrangement. HUMIDIF Automatic Humidity for Small to Y Medium-size Glasshouses. Self- ) Power point and comes complete’ with § directional dome and auto humidistat (20-80% range). Also has float valve for automatic water level control. FREE BROCHURE ON REQUEST PARADE ORCHIDS PO Box 11 Highbury, South Australia 5089 Phone: Nursery (08) 380 5142 IERS: ALUMINIUM GLASSHOUSE LEISURE TIME ee: = 3 TIER BENCH SEE THE REST, THEN BUY THE BEST @ Knitted Shadecloth e Glasshouses @ Fibreglass @ Shadehouses e@ Water pipe e@ Plant benches © Downee fittings e@ Barrows © Glasshouse paint —e Trolleys ® Glazing bars @ Propagation trays @ Horticultural Glass e Potting trays @ Solarweave & @ Weed control mat Visqueen Plastic SHADEHOUSE films Phone or Write for FREE Catalogue &) A.D. SPRING MEG." 154 BELLEVUE PARADE, CARLTON, N.S.W. 2218 ALL PHONE ENQUIRIES (02) 5461376 @ (02) 546 7807 NEW ORCHIDS NEW MANAGEMENT OLD ADDRESS EX McBEANS SITE SHOP HOURS - FRI/SAT/SUN 10A.M. - 6P.M. GRAYLANE ORCHIDS P.L. 256 Jasper Road, McKinnon Vic. Tel.: (03) 578 6182 WIDE RANGE OF IMPORTED AND LOCAL CLONES AVAILABLE SEEDLINGS FROM THE WORLDS FOREMOST HYBRIDIZERS SEND 9 x 4.S.A.E. FOR NEW CATALOGUE LISTINGS. KEITHS NURSERY FOR SPECIES AND HYBRID ORCHIDS IMPORTERS OF FINE STOCK NOW AVAILABLE FLASKS OF MINIATURE CATTLEYAS FROM WOLTANS ORCHIDS HAWAII — 15 PLANTS FOR $20.00 J.W. 864. L pumila x Le. Tiny Treasure (reddish lavender colour) s J.W. 935. SL Red Doll ‘Puanani’ x Le. Tiny Treasure (red with some blue tones) ALSO SOME 2” SEEDLINGS @ $3.00 J.W. 864. L. pumila x Lc. Tiny Treasure J.W. 979. C. Little Bit x Sc. Beaufort ‘Elmwood’ AM/AOS. (This is a white with lavender in the lip crossed to a yellow with some red in the lip. Looking for whites and yellows with some colour in the lip.) PLEASE NOTE OUR NEW ADDRESS AND TELEPHONE NUMBER SEND SAE NOW FOR OUR LATEST CATALOGUE Bankcard, Visa and Mastercard Welcome Oonoonba Road, Idalia Estate, Townsville, 4811 Telephone (077) 78 1329 After Hours (077) 78 2472 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 33 Pe 23rd TQOC Conference in Darwin A number of registrants converged on Darwin from every state of Australia, except Tasmania, Thailand, Japan and Indonesia for the 23rd Tropical Queens- land Orchid Council’s Annual Con- ference held at the Hotel Darwin Con- vention Centre June 10 to 13. Local, interstate and overseas speakers participated, with Marj Purnell speaking on The Antelope Orchids — The Spatulata Section of Dendrobiums; Professor Rapee Sagarik — Vandaceous Orchid Species and Potential of Hybrid- isation in Thailand; Local identity, Dennis Hearne discussing Tissue Culture, Soil Sterilisation and Seed Propagation and Barry Paget spoke on the Judging of Paphiopedilums. Orchids, foliage and flora art were exhibited with the successful competitors being: Grand Champion of Show and Champion Vandaceous. Ascda. Motes Flamboyant — Eileen and Albert Buhr. Reserve Champion and Champion Den- drobium. Den. Boon Choo Gold — Kevin McFarlane. Champion Cattleya. Bc. Pastoral — Kevin McFarlane. Champion Australian Native Hybrid. Den. Minnie — Kevin McFarlane Champion any other Orchid Calanthe William Murray — Harry Van Der Ven. Champion Species Rhyn. gigantea — Christine Grimm. Champion Oncidium O. crispum x O. varicosum — A. Surjono (Indonesia). Champion Foliage Homoloaeno rubra — Jenny Tsangari Champion Flora Art — Min Korsman. Special awards were presented by TQOC patron, Frank Slattery, to Ron Merritt, Val Treloar, Marj Purnell and Ken MacPherson. At the Annual General Meeting of the TQOC, a new executive was elected, all from Townsville. Mick and Thelma Keith, President and Secretary respec- tively, Wal Nicholson, Treasurer and Tom Verran remaining as Registrar for the next two years. After days of touring nurseries and private collections, warm hospitality and excellent atmosphere, the conference RALAN ORCHIDS closed with most in agreement that they had participated in the best TQOC Conference on record @ At the recent Australian Orchid Con- ference, held in Sydney, an International Orchid Badge Club was formed. The objects of the Club are varied. A Com- mitee was formed and the principal office bearers are: President — Mr Jimmy Dench (New Zealand); and Secretary, General, Mr Barry Collins (New South Wales). Further details can be obtained by forwarding a self addressed envelope to: International Orchid Badge Club, Mr Barry Collins (Secretary/General), 245 Avoca Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia @ P.O. Box 213 Zillmere 4034, Brisbane. Phone (07) 263 1526 Agents in Australasia for Woltmon’s Miniature Orchids of Hawaii Exciting Phalaenopsis Hybrids. Size A witha leaf span across both leaves up to 80mm $4. Size B up to 150mm $6. Size C up to 200mm. $8. Size D up to 250mm $10. Where * shown add $1. OR.01 Phal. Malibu Girl ‘Stones River’ x P. Cinnamon Lady ‘Cumberland Valley’ BCD. Expect large round pinks with clear stripes. OR.02 Phal. Abram McAndless x P. (Lydia Frank x True Love) ‘Lenette No. 5’ BCD. Clear pink stripes on a white background. OR.03 Phal. (javanica x Ambomanniana) x P. stuartiana ‘Larkin Valley’ BCD* Medium round yellows of heavy substance and spotting. OR.04 Phal. OR.05 Phal. Kathleen Ai ‘Yahiro’ x P. Marcie Girl ‘ABC’. Pinks and whites of good shape with contrasting striping. Lippegruss x P. Mary Tuazon ‘Lehua’ BCD A crossing of two exceptional pinks from Hawaii. OR.06 Phal. Marcie Girl x P. equestris ‘Ilocos’ ABCD A profusion of small striped pink flowers on branching spikes OR.07 Phal. Rich’s Pride x P. equestris ‘Ilocos’ ABC Dark striped pink flowers, red lip, branching spike habit. BUY ALL 7 AND RECEIVE ONE OF OUR CHOICE FREE IMPORTED VANDA ALLIANCE all flowering size in teak baskets OR.08 Asctm. miniatum long spikes of bright orange flowers $30 ea OR.09 Ascda. Yip Sum Wah ‘Red’ Brilliant round red, yellow lip $30 ea. OR.10 Vanda Bangyikhan Gold (remake) large round yellow/orange flowers $25 ea. OR.1 Ascda. Peggy Foo x Rhyn. coelestis Intergeneric cross, expect round pinks, blues and yellows $25 ea. CATTLEYA ALLIANCE Size (A) mericlones (m) $7. Size ( FREE, BUY $100 and RECEIVE $25 WORTH FREE OUR MINIATURE CATTLEYAS OR.12 Sc. Carol Lynn ‘Nakabayashi (m) (A) round purple, yellow throat. OR.13 SI. Psyche ‘China’ AM/AOS (m) (A) deep orange red OR.14 Sc. Batemanuniana ‘Hawaii’ (m) (A) purple with dark splashes. OR.15 Sic. Yellow Doll ‘Mitzi’ AM/AOS (m) (A) bright yellow. OR.16 C. Little Bit x C. Small Fry (A) (B) pale rose with red lip OR.17 SI. Orpetii x SI. Psyche (A) Full shape orange red OR.18 Sc. Beaufort x C. Little Bit (A) (B) Round yellows, pinks G8.19 C. Small Fry x C. Tin Roof (A) (B) Pale mauve pink lip OR.20 C. Dual Aura x L. Oweniana (A) (B) Pale pink cream throat OR.21 Lc. Tiny Treasure x Lc. Pink Favourite (A) (B) Pink some splashes CLUSTER AND LARGER CATTLEYAS including exciting Bic. Gloria Schmidtcrosses. (A large full shape yellow proving tobe an excellent parent) OR.23 Bic. Gloria Schmidt x C. Netrasiri Beauty (A) (B) Yellows, spots, splashes. OR.24 Bic. Gloria Schmidt x C. Thospol Spot (A) (B) yellows, heavy substance, spots. OR.25 Bic. Gloria Schmidt x Blc. Faye Miyamoto (B) (C) Large yellows, red lip. OR.26 Bic. Gloria Schmidt x Blc. Mem. Sangah Chit (A)(B)(C) large round orange, yellows OR.27 C. Penny Kuroda x C. Thospol Spot (A) (B) Waxy clusters, splashes and spots. OR.28 Lc. Netrasiri Doll ‘Bicentennial’ FCC/CST (m) (A) Waxy yellow cluster, red lip. OR.29 C. Suavior Aquinii ‘Kosaki’ (m) (A) Full shape pink, splash petal. OR.30 Bic. Chinese Beauty ‘Chien-Chien’ AM/AOS (m) (A) bright yellow red splashes. OR.31 Pot. Esther Costa ‘Orange Fantasy’ AM/AOS (M) (A) round orange yellow lip. eae $4, size (B) $6. Size (C) $8. Buy $50 WORTH and RECEIVE $10 HOICE. Plants are delivered to your door by SKYROAD EXPRESS. Allow $5 Brisbane and districts and $9 elsewhere within Australia BANKCAR D, MASTERCARD, <' VISA WELCOME. You, Too, Can Grow Orchids Editors: Ralph Handcock, Margaret Smith Publishers: Child & Associates Pty. Ltd. Seventh edition hard cover RRP $19.95. A complete update on this very popular book written for Australian orchid growers. All chapters have been updated, as well, all illustrations have been improved using modern hybrids and the photographs contain many plants awarded in NSW. A book that can be recommended to the individual and orchid societies for their libraries. Obtainable from most bookshops. Phalaenopsis Culture — A world wide Survey Edited by Bob Gordon Published by Laid Book Publications, Rialto, California USA Soft cover — RRP $39.95 Each chapter begins with a statement of consensus and opinion which was responded to by 150 of the leading Phalaenopsis growers throughout the world. The topics covered are light, heat, water/food, air circulation, rooting medium, _ pests/pesticides, disease control, viruses, flower induction and many more. Can be recommended for the Phalaen- Opsis grower and society if only for the diversity of responses to the many topics proposed. A companion volume Phalaenopsis a cultural hand book $27.50. The Genus Cymbidium By David Du Puy and Phillip Cribb Illustrations by Claire Smith Christopher Helm Publishers Limited The genus Cymbidium has never been adequately covered within a single volume. A new monograph by Drs Du Puy and Cribb, for the first time, brings together all the pertinent information on these important orchids. The introductory chapters cover the structure and anatomy of the species, their chromosome numbers, pollination and floral fragrances, distribution, biogeography and evolution, their ethnobotanical uses and how to grow them. The book traces the history of Cymbidium in cultivation, going back at least 2,000 years in the Far east. A chapter of the history of hybridisation in the genus, with particular reference to the significance of the species, has been specially written by Ernest Hetherington and Andy Easton, two of the world’s foremost authorities on the development of horticultural Cymbidiums. The main part of the text compromises a complete taxonomic account of all known species in the genus. The authors recognise 44 species, and have used modern biological techniques as well as classical methods to arrive at their decisions. Most of the species are known to the authors in cultivation, and the majority have been studied by them in the wild. Drs du Puy and Cribb are recognised authorities on the genus Cymbidium and the authors of several books and many papers on orchids. This work, prepared at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, is the result of five years of research and many hours of field work in the Asian tropics and subtropics. The 28 specially commissioned, life- sized watercolour paintings by Claire Smith have been awarded a Gold Medal by the Royal Horticultural Society. In addition, 143 colour photographs of the species and of their habitats are included. Distribution maps are given for each species. There are numerous line draw- ings and anatomical illustrations also included in this handsome volume. This book will be the standard reference work on these important orchids for a lifetime, and will be a fine addition to any orchid library or an excellent gift for an orchid grower for Christmas. $99.00 — 256 pages; 28 watercolour paintings; 143 colour photographs, 8 halftones, 24 line illustrations, 11 maps. These three books are available from Orchids International Pty. Ltd. 6 Highland Street, Guildford, NSW 2161. HUMPYBONG ORCHID NURSERY 38 Collins Street, Woody Point, Queensland 4019 Phone (07) 284 3283 PHALAENOPSIS — CATTLEYA — DENDROBIUM & OTHERS. We have large stocks of HOBBY FLASKS, COMMERCIAL FLASKS & PLANTS. Our stock is mainly produced from imported mother flasks. Please send a 37¢ stamp for lists. Please Note Nursery Closed During July, No orders will be despatched. Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday & Saturday — 9 am-5 pm. Closed All Day Wednesday nounday 10 am-3 pm CLOSED ALL OF JU Sole Australian Agent — MINTAI ORCHIDS, TAIWAN We look forward to meeting you all there. We will have a good range of flasks available at our stall in conjunction with G. & B Robertson. TAIDA HORTICULTURAL CO. LTD. TEL: (048) 52 4042/52 7335 FAX: (048) 52 7682 GOOD QUALITY AT A REASONABLE PRICE!! TAIDA ORCHIDS © Phalaenopsis * Cattleya %* Dendrobium * Paphiopedilum All species from flask to flowering size, specially for cut flowers. FREE CATALOGUE AVAILABLE ON REQUEST!! No. 100. Sec. 3, Chung Shan Rd., Da Tsun 51506 Chang Hwa, Taiwan R.O.C. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 Se ee ee ee ee ee ee ee een re 35 FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones Phalaenopsis top quality seedlings and stem propagations Paphiopedilum showbench and primary hybrids Cattlevas Cymbidiums Oncidiums- Miltonias Odontoglossum Alliance and Zygopetalums. FREE LIST ON REQUEST. PARADE ORCHIDS PO Box 11 Highbury, South Australia 5089 Phone: Nursery (08) 380 5142. “The Dendrobium Orchid Family” A Complete listing of Registered Dendro- bium Hybrids and the species used to seeste them. Species — Natural Hybrids — mary Hybrids & Complex Hybrids listed alphabetically. Trace the parentage of Dendrobium favourites, right back to the stone Over 5400 entries — Easy to read — 112 ges — Hardcanes & Sues Compiled ree ators to Nov. 87. Com- mended by P. K (Dick) Searle. 1st foe $9.00 ($10.00 posted) 10% Reduction for 10 or more copies. Societies, Nurseries, etc. welcome. Available from:- Peter R. Hea P.O. Box 551, Alderle CHARM ORCHID NURSERY 11 GRANVILLE TCE, MARYBOROUGH Q, 4650 PHONE: (071) 21 5833. Props: C & M Hausknecht. 30 years experience in Orchid culture. Exclusive to Charm: “The Superior Parentages Cattleya Book No2” Top quality orchids imported from Hawaii Seedlings to flowering size Cattleyas, Cattletonias, Dendrobes, intergeneric crosses @ Proven quality Instant Use Boiled Australian Pine Bark. Readily available in four grades $13 Bag. @ Wire Hangers PLEASE SEND SAE FOR PRICE LISTS d , Qid. 4051 Or Phone (07) 354-1166 for a chat. It’s Time To see Bacto for all your. ORCH y MEDIA LABORATORY NEEDS @ Plenty of Stock @® Friendly Service Contact: B raYeil Bacto Laboratories P/L re LO ' @) 310-312 Elizabeth Dr LIVERPOOL, NSW 2170 PH (02) 602 5499, 602 6912 36 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 TAMBORINE MOUNTAIN ORCHIDS 158 Long Road (P.O. Box 4) Eagle Heights. Queensland 4271 Phone (075) 45 1303 CLOSED SUNDAYS: We are SPECIALISTS in flowering size ORCHIDS and listed below are a few that you could be interested in. The Hazel Boyds will flower at least twice a year once established. Name and Address plus L 39¢ stamp for listing. HB.1 Slc. Hazel Boyd ‘Elizabeth’ AM/AOS 4” Pots $25.00 Yellow with red lip and red splashes HB.3 Sic. Hazel Boyd ‘Red Stone’ 2nd/9WOC — Multitioned Red 4” Pots $25.00 HB.4 Slc. Hazel Boyd ‘Sunset? AM/AOS — Yellow suffused red 4” Pots $25.00 HRB.7 Sic. Hazel Boyd ‘Frae’ AM/AOS Large clear orange yellow 4” Pots $25.00 HB.8 Sic. Hazel Boyd ‘Tropical Fantasy’ Sunset tonings overlaid red 4” Pots $25.00 M.172 Bic. Sylvia Fry ‘Wallacia’? FCC/AOS 4” Pots $25.00 Superb overlapped lavender (Limited) M.181 Bic. Frank Fordyce ‘Borneo Gal’ Orange/red yellow markings 4” Pots $15.00 “M.183 Pot. Rising Moon ‘Apricot Glow’ BM/JOGA Orange to bronze 4” Pots $15.00 M.185 Le. Hawaiian Fantasy ‘Dora’ HCC/AOS 4” Pots $20.00 Cream sepals and petals, purple splashes on petals and lip blooms at least twice a year M.188 Bic. Chinese Beauty ‘Tainan Beauty’ 4” Pots $20.00 Yellow with scarlet overlay, large yellow eyes in throat We carry a large range of CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS, both Mericlones and Seedlings from WYONG ORCHID NURSERIES (NSW) for whom we are sole Agents in QUEENSLAND. idee ALL ABOVE PRICES PLUS FREIGHT OR POSTAGE welcome here AGENTS WYONG ORCHID NURSERIES (OPEN EVERY DAY) Basford Road, Lake Munmorah N.S.W. 2259 Telephone (043) 58 8563 Yamamoto DENDROBIUMS World’s Finest Orchids The best range of Soft Cane Dendrobiums ever!!! COLOUR SPECTACULAR Make an appointment to visit our nursery at Lot 7 Hearns Lake Road, Woolgoolga during flowering time. YAMAMOTO DENDROBIUMS are easy to grow and flower in a wide range of climates (satisfied customers from Northern Queensland to Tasmania and Western Australia). Amazing colour range. Long-lasting blooms. Not expensive. Small plants from $8.00 grow to large plants quickly. Large from $18.00. Detailed growing indstructions and friendly, helpful advice always available. Varieties to suit all tastes whether growing for show or jut pleasure. Our plants are winning championships all over the country including Champion Dendrobium Orchid Expo 88 at Caloundra and Champion Dendrobium 11th Australian Orchid Conference in Sydney. Gift Vouchers Also Available If you are not already on our mailing list SEND S.A.E. FOR DESCRIPTIVE LIST OR PHONE: BANANACOAST ORCHIDS PO BOX 1528, COFFS HARBOUR, NSW 2450 PHONE (066) 54 1183 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 eee 37 CLONING LABORATORIES 13A/3 Richard Close, North Rocks. NSW 2151 P.O. Box 337, Carlingford, NSW 2118 Telephone: (02) 630 1876 Independent Tissue Culture Laboratory Available for. @ Seed culture @ Mericloning @ Replating Confidentiality Assured Price List on Application TOM HENRY PTY LTD ORCHID SPECIALISTS CYMBIDIUMS CATTLEYAS PAPHIOPEDILUMS PAPHIOPEDILUMS OF QUALITY AND DISTINCTION. AWARD AND NEAR AWARD PLANTS — BLOOMING SIZE Clairvoyance ‘Buttercup’ — Spotted on green — $125 Dimity ‘Alexandra’ FCC & Gold Medal — $250 White Royal ‘Pinkie’ Award Standard — $125 Pealberry ‘Playtime’ Long spiking white — $95 Delophyllum ‘Pink Pearl’ Beaut Primary — $125 Silvara ‘Minerva’ Top White — $90 Mandy Lou ‘Strawberry’ Terrific Red — $175 MOST OF THESE — FIRST TIME OFFERED — Outstanding Cymbidium seedling hybrids — growing in 6” pots — selling @ $10.50 each or the 5 for $50. Trigo Royale ‘Marg’ x Lunagrad 4n. June yellows/greens Wallara ‘Gold Nugget’ x hegrito ‘Cherry Ripe’ Pinks/yellows . Reds — September Miretta ‘McBeans’ 4n x Ovation ‘24’ — 4n. July— Greens— Long Spikes. Winter Wonder ‘Neil Robinson’ Whites/yellows — June/July Allcaria ‘St Lita’ x Terama ‘Red’ July Pinks OUR PLANTS ALSO AVAILABLE FROM Pleasant Park Nursery, Back Cam Rd Somerset Tas Graham Peterson, 53 Hilda St, Cheltenham, Vic. x Trigo Royale ‘Marg’ PO Box 71, 25 Ruskin Rowe, Avalon Beach, NSW 2107 Telephone: (02) 918 2504 VALE Ereren Seymour Hunt It was with the deepest regret that we learned of the death of Roger Hunt, who passed away on July 12,1988. _ Roger joined the Orchid Society of WA (Inc) in September 1978. At the time of his death he was an accredited Judge of the Society, Deputy Registrar, Official Photographer and Auditor for the Society and was Secretary for the forthcoming 12th Australian Orchid Conference. He was also a workshop speaker and fundraiser. All of these duties he carried out most efficiently and he was always there to lend a helping hand when needed. His untimely death will leave a void in our Society which will indeed be very hard to fill = He was also a member of the Committee of Melville Districts Orchid Society and their Immediate Past President. -Rogerhad a cheerful disposition and will be very much missed by his friends, not only in the Orchid Society of WA and Melville Districts Orchid Society, but the other Societies too, who knew him well in his capacity as a Judge and through his love of Orchids, in particular the Aus- tralian Native: Ep byte in which he specialised. To his wife N ell and family we offer our sincerest condolences. SPECIES AND HYBRIDS Nursery CLOSED during Orchid Species Society of Victoria Inc. ORCHIDS & BROMELIADS Sun 15th — 16th October 10am — 5p Repco Training Centre, 511 Church St, Richmond 4, () Nursery may be closed without notice during Orchid f) hows. Please telephone to enquire. Agent for Nindethana Orchids Native hybrids — Miniature Cymbidiums Please send stamp for list. Victoria 3168 Phone (03) 544 1418 AH 546 0575 y Nursery Open 10-5 Thursday — Saturday (Other times by appointment) antelee Hills Orchids Australian native hybrids, cattleyas and paphios. Grown in the crisp mountain air of Queensland’s Granite Belt. Send stamp for list. Bankcard and Visacard welcome P.O. BOX 288 STANTHORPE QLD 4380 TEL: (076) 81 1386 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 Florafest Orchids John Woolf (Manager) P.O. Box 7011, TOOWOOMBA, 4352 TELEPHONE (076) 30 1102 — A.H. (076) 34 2953 LABORATORY AND NURSERY OPEN BY APPOINTMENT ORCHID CONFERENCE SPECIALS 10% Discount on any 12 plants or 15% discount on any 24 plants All plants Ex. 50mm pots. Sarcochilus $4 ea. All others $3 ea. This offer open till 31/12/88 Den. Jane Leaney (delicatum x speciosum ‘Buttercup’ Large pure white delicatum x gold speciosum. Sar. cecilae ‘Gladstone’ x cecilae ‘Caliope’ Species. A sibling of two exceptionally large clones. Sarcochilus Fitzhart A sibling of two fine clones. Masses of blooms in Spring. Quick grower. Den. Ellen (kingianum ‘Anduramba’ x tetragonum ‘Giganteum) Remake of an easy to grow native hybrid Den. kingianum ‘Dark Red x delicatum ‘Snow White’ Results similar to kingianum with good colours. Den. Hilda Poxon (speciosum ‘Buttercup’ x tetragonum ‘Giganteum) Remake using excellent parents Den. fleckerii x self A selfing of this cool growing orange species from North Queensland. Species. Den. x Delicatum (speciosum ‘Buttercup’ x kingianum ‘Corrigans Red) Large blooms excellent colour. Den. seciosum ‘Compactum’ x falcorostrum Compact plants with upright sprays of white booms Den. speciosum var Compactum ‘Red Cane’ x self An extremely dark caned raceme flowers spotted with red Den. kingianum x self Dark pink of excellent form. Den. delicatum ‘Beaudesert x speciosum ‘Julatten’ Very large growing delicatum x white selected speciosum. Den. speciosum ‘Buttercup’ x Adae = Yellow Venture White to cream flowers. Good sprays. Den. speciosum ‘Doncaster x falcorostrum Large golden yellow speciosum x crystal white falcorostrum. Den bigibbum ‘Select x self Excellent mauve form selfed Queensland Species. Den. (Sunglow x tetragonum) x speciosum ‘Buttercup’ Compact plant using excellent parents. Den. Peach Glow ‘Malis’ x Golden Fleck ‘Mon’ Gold to peach blooms. Extremly beautiful Den. Susan x fleckerii Large peach coloured blooms Sar. Mavis x fitzgeraldii ‘80% Red’ Looking for solid red blooms of fine form. Sar. cecilae ‘Jil? x ‘No. 3’ Large robust plants carrying large deep pink blooms. Den. kingianum ‘Kens Pink x kingianum ‘RusselPs Red’ Two excellent dark purple clones crossed. Species. Den. Sunsprite x speciosum A very full yellow blooms on compact plants. Sar. Fitzhart ‘Wollumbin HCC AOC x Melba Many large whtie blooms on each raceme. (Para. Perky x Sar. hartmannii) x Sar. fitzgeraldii ‘Pink Expect large pink spotted blooms Sar. Weinhart White or Cream blooms spotted dark brown Sar. Fitzhart Na 1 x Rhin. divitiflorus Flowerings to date carry long sprays of yellow barred blooms. Sar. Melba Sprays of beautiful large white blooms. Sar. cecilae ‘Townsville’ x cecilae ‘Roseus’ A crossing of two excellent clones Sar. cecilae ‘Upton’ x cecilae ‘Jil? Sibling cross fo two fine clones. Den. pugioniforme x speciosum var. grandiflorum Very unusual cross looking for green flowers Phaius grandiflorus x self Terrestrial orchid with large sprays of orange/brown blooms. Sar. fitzeraldii ‘No. 1’ x Fitzeraldii ‘Lyn’ Two excellent clones used in this crossing. AIR FREIGHT (Door to door) $9.00 Extra — Send a Stamp for a full plant & flask listing. All plants sent Bare Root... Offer closes 31st December 1988. Mail Order Specialists — Satisfaction Guaranteed — Commercial flasks available on request Florafest ... A festival of living colour! welcomehere AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 39 Pt AT LAST Unbreakable vented polycarbonate containers for Orchid Flasking and Tissue Culture. They are time and money saving and made in two sizes 250ml & 500ml. Available from: P. & O.P. MAY 6 Graham Street, WINDSOR 4030 Brisbane. Phone (07) 8575844 ORCHID BOOKS Send for free descriptive list of just about 400 currently available Orchid Books . . . sent surface mail anywhere in the world. POST PAID! TWIN OAKS BOOKS, Inc. P.O. Box 20940 Greenfield, WI 53220 (414) 321 4660 The History & Culture of Dendrobium Nindii The habitat of Dendrobium nindii provides clues to its cultivation. It is a difficult orchid to cultivate, and those who have penetrated the areas where it occurs will know the labours of its collection, and once it is seen in flower, the desire to grow it. George Elphingstone Dalrymple who was the member of Parliament for the whole of Queensland north of Rock- hampton, examined the coastline to find a suitable port for the Palmer goldfield. Sailing from Cardwell, he dropped anchor for the night in Mourilyan Harbour near the site of present day Innisfail. P.H. Nind who had joined the party at Dunk Island sailed up the Moresby River looking for suitable land for growing of sugarcane. The stream supports mangroves in great profusion and branches into Nind Creek where it narrows to block further passage by boat and it was there that he saw a large orchid plant in magnificent full bloom. For the moment he put all thought of sugarcane out of his head and collected the plant. Gleefully he brought it back to Walter Hill who was in the party. This was September 4, 1873. SUNSHINE ORCHID NURSERY 2034 ROGHAN RD, BALD HILLS, BRISBANE, 4036 TELEPHONE (07) 263 4902 (Closed Sundays) EVERYTHING FOR ORCHID GROWERS AMATEUR AND PROFESSIONAL Write for our full catalogue which includes a wide range of plants, flasks and accessories. Mail Orders Processed Promptly (Discounts for Quantity) YES — OUR MODERN LABORATORY UNDERTAKES CUSTOM FLASKING (Both Commercial and Private) AND FOR TOP SHOWBENCH RESULTS USE OUR LONG LASTING Sterilised and Treated Orchid Bark AVAILABLE IN FIVE (5) GRADES (FULL DETAILS IN OUR CATALOGUE) BANKCARD, MASTERCARD AND VISA CARDS ACCEPTED 40 Rev Dr Ron Collins Hill was the government botanist and the founder of the Brisbane Botanic Gardens. The next year the orchid was described in a report by Hill, presented to the Legislative Assembly of Queensland and named Dendrobium nindii to com- memorate its discoverer. The description in English was suf- ficiently detailed to withstand the challenge of the Latin description of Frederick Manson Bailey (now the government botanist) who in 1890 named it D. tofftii. It is interesting that the orchid was first found on the southernmost limit of its habitat, but in fact is not surprising as all exploration proceeded from southern ports. The orchid remained little known and less grown for the two reasons, that it was difficult to find and even more, hard to grow, for it demands exacting conditions hard to duplicate. The host plants upon which it is found are either mangroves or tall, smooth surfaced palms. Both grow in situations difficult of access — the mangroves in oozy mud, and throwing up miltitudinous arching and slippery roots which permit only slow progress by the searcher; the palms on the other hand are surrounded by water where crocodiles make their home, and rooted in mud, or on little islands surrounded by thick vegetation which have thorns or serrated cutting leaves to repel all intruders. These conditions com- bined with the sweltering heat of the tropical habitat can provide protection from all but the most determined collector. The beautiful white and mauve flowers of this member of the section Spatulata is always a spur to the orchid lover which impels an attempt to grow it. Its near relative D. discolor, has a much larger habit and less demanding conditions. D. nindii is found in New Guinea where it grows even in the coastal rain-forest and up into the mountains to a height of nearly 1000 metres, but always in a situation which is constantly humid. In Queensland, it can be found in coastal strips in lower latitudes, but as one progresses further up Cape York Peninsula the habitat widens to include deeper penetration from the coast but still on the verge of the rainforest, always where the humidity is high. The root system is not as dense as that of D. discolor, but he roots will grow to a length of a couple of metres in a large plant. It is always so positioned that the roots will quickly dry, despite the tropical AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 Dendrobium nindii rainfall, and the smooth barks of its hosts ensure that there will be no prolonged retention of moisture. This also is a condition of its host trees in New Guinea. Although D. nindii will never be found growing in shaded areas in Queensland, it apparently can accommodate much less light in New Guinea, where it can thrive in the rainforest. It would seem then, that heat is an important factor, but not so critical as the ability to have its roots so positioned that they will not remain wet for long when the rain is finished. This is a plant which is not recom- mended for the beginner unless there is a sizeable citrus tree or a smooth barked palm to which it may be fastened. Moreover, the orchid initiates its new growth in the colder part of the year and therefore if it is grown in the open there is always the danger of frost. On the Atherton Tableland it is possible to grow D. nindii outside an orchid house if it is in a protected area where freezing does not occur. It delights in smooth barks and will even flourish on a peach tree with its smooth bark. On the coast I have seen a plant growing on a mandarin tree with pseudobulbs more than two metres in length; on the Tableland it never grows to such height. The cold of winter forbids it. It may be grown in an orchid house under 30 per cent shadecloth where it receives maximum sunlight in an earthenware pot which is just large enough to contain its roots and potted in very coarse fir bark and pieces of gravel or brick no smaller than 2% centimetres. Drainage at all times must be perfect. It responds very well to any orchid fertilisers, but the application should not be more frequent than once a month. It appears that its liking for smooth bark also restricts its need for frequent feeding, and the reward is a flower spike which can be up to %4m, and to my mind one of the most appealing of the dendro- biums in the section Spatulata @ * Wholesale only! Thinking of Tillandsias? Think & Bromelifolia! * We grow our plants in the world's largest Tillandsia nurseries! * Low prices and volume discounts! * Air deliveries to anywhere! Australian & New Guinea species antelopes and their hybrids. Specialising ) in Den lasianthera breeding and Y hybrids. Seedlings By to flowering size SAE for catalogues. Marj Purnell 6 Holmes Drive, Beaconsfield, North Mackay, Queensland 4741. Telephone (079) 42 1546 Tillandsias our specialty! Telex 5450 BROMELGU Tel. 313907 P.O. Box 165 "A Guatemala City, Central America The Quality of our Plants speaks for itself! AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 41 ee ORDER FORM Please send me ___ copy/copies of THE SLIPPER ORCHIDS in the choice of editions indicated. O) Standard Edition: A$95 ORCH S O Collectors’ Edition: A$315 ID O Sponsors’ Edition: A$1190 a ee: Add for postage and Selenipedium - Phragmipedium packing: AS$10 Criosanthes - Cypripedium - Paphiopedilum I enclose my crossed cheque by Esmé FE. Hennessy and Tessa A. Hedge A major publishing event for orchidophiles For the first time, life-sized illustrations of all five genera of the Name subfamily Cypripedioideae are presented in one volume. The book includes: Address for @ 104 superb watercolour Large format. 137/, x 9%, in. painangs by a renowned 104 pp colour, line drawings botanical artist throughout. @ the species’ distinguishin fen ce & 272 pp. Hardcover. ar ee i Publication: @ distribution in the wild Seon peomuaty ee Send this form to: @ natural habitat details Standard Edition: A$95 Russel Friedman Books @ history of introduction into Collectors’ Edition: A$315 93 George Street, : cultivation (100 quarter-bound East Doncaster, Victoria 3109 @ hybrids and hybridization leather copies only) Australia @ chromosome counts Sponsors’ Edition: A$1190 Tel. (03) 848-9592 @ advice on culture (26 half-bound leather copies @ cniteria used in judging each inc. orginal sketch by artist) Your returned cheque is your receipt. Cymbidiums of VN Pipabion SINGE 1923 JUBILATION GERONIMO Eee VO AOE (Patent No. 58494/86) 14 INCH LEAF LENGHT PLANTS $50 PLUS POSTAGE $3 VICTORIA, $4 INTERSTATE LARGER PLANTS OF ‘GERONIMO’ TO FLOWERING SIZE P.O.A. OUR 1988 SHORT LIST OF SELECTED CYMBIDIUM SEEDLINGS IN COMMUNITY POTS IS AVAILABLE NOW. HODGINS ORCHIDS P.O. BOX 108 FRANKSTON 3199 PHONE (03) 787 5554 42 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 ~~ AT LAST Cym. Logfire ‘Cosy Glow’ This warmest of red cymbidiums is one of the most sought after in the World. Its drama filled story, from the time a label switcher stole it from our nursery approximately when the initial meristem tissue was taken, now reaches its happy conclusion with this years flowering of the first mericlone (pictured above), confirming that our tissue did come from the right plant. A limited quantity is available, and these are flowering size only. $100.00 each (airfreight $10.00) FROM P.O. BOX 1, O'HALLORAN HILL SOUTH AUSTRALIA 5158 Adelaide Orchids Pty. tial, PHONE (08) 381 2011 FAX (08) 322 0515 SEND FOR OUR LATEST FABULOUS PRICE LISTS NURSERY: BRIARDALE RD (off Sunvalley Rd) O'HALLORAN HILL CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS Beautiful export and show bench quality flowers in widest range of lovely colours. Priced from $6 — Abbreviations: Plants 12-28 cm. leaf length (P), bulb & lead (B. & L.), flowering size (F.S.). For complete list please send S.A.E. STANDARD CYMBIDIUMS Cym. Arcadian Sunrise ‘Golden Fleece’ HCC/NSW Bold yellow June bloom ..............0eseeeeeee B&L. $13 P. $8 C. Cherilyn ‘Swansea’ — Large June white tetraploid, Show WINNEr.............. cece eee cence ee eees B.& L. $12 P. $7 C. Kumamoto ‘Golden Star — Early yellow, upright spike, good cut flower.............. cece eee eee eee eee eee P. $8 C. Melinga ‘Highbury’ — Lovely June green, yellow lip ............ cece c cece cece cent eect eee eeeenee B.& L. $11 P. $6 C. Sunny Moon ‘Winter Star’ — Delightful multi- satan WEAN cugpsommoncovonesngapen boom aed sonyaopes P. $8 C. (Wondah x Terama) ‘Padstow’ — top export RED, multiple spike Ber June........... FS. $22.50 B.&L. $12.50 P. $8 C. Christmas Rose — Beautiful pink well shaped June flowerkc io. itp. nets aed EUAIG SONNE OF te menace P. $8 MINIATURE & INTERMEDIATE CYMBIDIUMS C. Corona ( C. Ruby Eyes x Firewheel) — Golden yellow vivid red lip ...........-.-.--0ee eee ee eee F.S. $20 B. & & aye C. Excalibar ‘Rosanna Good shaped white bloom, erect TALO Adotbonsesedobdodticnieoataschoeepnaesbebioe suas P. $8 C. Fuss ‘Melva’ — Lovely red brown, round shape, lovely Te) nd edn enadasmanboobbcaudodebadeusopnopdopoasuonbodnndy P. $6 C. Hiroshima ‘Sylvia’ — Delightful yellow flower, yellow lip ........... ccc cece eee ee cece eee eee e eee eeeeeeenes N.F.S. Se C. Kyancutta ‘Temptation’ — Early winter free flowering rich PInKBeerme ccc et yuri itenen marriseeetpciies C. King Arthur ‘Balmoral’ x C. Auriga ‘Merrilong’ — Good yellow, urpright spike ..................0ee B&L.$11 P $8 C. Lancherry ‘No 3’ — 25 deep red ish pink, early blooms on upright spike ..................cccescc eect enc eeees P. $8 C. Mimi ‘Lucifer’ — Brilliant deep red quality winter DIOOM ......... cece eect e eee e ee eee FS. $18B&L.$11P. Be C. Mini Sarah ‘The Queen’ AM/AOC — Superb soft gréen miniature, champion.............. cee eee eee e eee e eee eee R: C. Miressa — Many good shaped yellow green blooms on tall erect Spike ............. 00... ce seeeee eee B&L.$12 5B Si C. Ohkubo Oki — Many nice sjeped Gieen bloomsfonjerectispike nice llip irre cwtetects ctercleressetetee ets tetris eects eee eee C. Pastoral Lady ‘1st Star — White May/June flower, good texture .......... cece cece cence eter eee eees B.& L. $13 P. 3 C. Showgirl ‘Husky Honey’ —Many white blooms, multiple SPIKING See as ve. he see Pr cee BS rsh L’S $15 F.S. $25 C. Starbright ‘Centauri‘ — Tall erect spikes of beige 9) ele litt) aemhoutasyodhiosdeh neh tonnsaocaansess B.& L. $11 F.S.$18 C. (Moonhead x Nila) ‘Asuko’ — Good shapped green, red lip ......... cece ccc eee eee tence ten eenees B.& L. $13 P. $8 C. Wakakusa x Sensation — Over 20b early even pink blooms, lovely lip, upright ...............cec eee ee cence eens P. $7 C. Via Lady ‘Carisona’ — Many plum coloured blooms, very dk. lip, erect Spike .......... cece cece eee ee ences F.S. $22.50 C. Walu Takai ‘1’ & ‘2’ — V.Good shaped early green, red lip. ......... 0. cece cece eee eee eee ences B.& L. $12 P. $7 C. Christmas Green x Lunagrad — Green yellow flower, red lip, early .......... ccc cece cece eee e eee eees B&L. $13 P. $8 These healthy mericlones are forwarded bare-rooted by air, rail or express mail. CASH WITH ORDER, Packaging & delivery IPEC (door to door delivery) anywhere in Australia parcels up to 10kg. $20 — SKY ROAD EXPRESS (door to door delivery) all states in Australia Parcels up to 3kg. $9 Air Mail (over 500 gms.) from $11 Ordinary mail N.S.W. $5. The Orchid Factory 9 Royal Place, Bardwell Park, N.S.W. 2207 P.O. Box 46, BEXLEY, N.S.W. 2207 Phone (02) 59 2395 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 43 MACKINNEYS’ NGRSERY BRISBANE’S PREMIER ORCHID NURSERY From our well stocked nursery on two acres, established over 25 years we offer a wide range of quality plants, species, seedlings, and displays of flowering orchids throughout the year. As well as the popular orchid genera such as Cattleya, Dendrobium, Cymbidium, Oncidium, Paphiopedilum, Phalaenopsis, we also stock many unusual genera as follows: Ansellia @® Brassia @® Catasetum @® Chysis @ Cyrtochis @ Encyclia @® Gramataphyllum @® Jumella @ Lockhartia @ Lycaste @® Miltonia @ Mystacidium @ Peristeria @ MRangaeris @ Renanthera @ Stanhopea @® Vanda For many years we have associated with BOB DEANE in providing new and unusual orchids, and though Bob has now retired we are still carrying on this breeding program. If you cannot visit us personally, send for our new 1988/89 catalogue. | 5 mackinneys nursery 87 TURTON STREET, SUNNYBANK, QLD 4109 ; CLOSED SUNDAYS. PHONE: 345 1916 GPO 505 DARWIN NT. Phone: (089) 85 1042 Specialist producers and growers of tropical orchids including: Phalaenopsis, Cat- tleya, Vanda, Dendrobium, Oncidium and multi-generics. NOW AVAILABLE: Cattleya Meadii x Ctna. Keith Roth m/c. Dendrobium lasianthera — Sepik Blue. Cattleya granulosa var schole- fieldiana m/c. Oncidium haematochilum m/c. Vanda Nellie Morley (Red Berry Selection) m/c. Vanda Eloquence x V. Rich Harvest m/c. * Send S.S.AE For Catalogue * Lists Upgraded Bimonthly ‘Double U” Orchids Specialising in FLASKS of the very latest in Australian Native Dendrobium and Sarcochilus Hybrids. Please send S.A.E. for List 71 Wesley Street, Elanora Heights, NSW, 2101 Telephone (02) 913 9438 D.N.&L. ORCHIDS MAROOCHYDORE ROAD, | km Off Bruce Highway, South of Nambour, Queensland. (Turnoff just before Big Pineapple). POSTAL ADDRESS: PO Box 613, NAMBOUR, QUEENSLAND 4560. Phone: (071) 42 1660. WE HAVE A VERY COMPREHENSIVE VARIETY OF SEEDLINGS AND NEAR FLOWERING-SIZED PLANTS OF CATTLEYAS, DENDROBIUMS, ASCO- VANDAS, ONCIDIUMS and other general from smallest to larger plants. SOME MERICLONES IN MOST OF THE PLANTS: — NEW _ STOCK COMING CONSTANTLY. OPEN SIX DAYS FROM 9 AM to 5PM, CLOSED TUESDAYS Natural Cork Bark Ideal for mounting all types of epiphytic plants including native orchids, bromeliads, elkhorn and staghorn ferns. HOBBY PACKS 30cm x 20cm (12 pieces) $25-60 nett 30cm x 10cm (30 pieces) $32-10 nett Bulk Bales (random size) $214-00 nett — approx 50kg PORTUGAL CORK CO. 7 Bearing Road Seven Hills, NSW (02) 674 2222 4 Dividend Street Mansfield, QLD (07) 343 7677 Country enquiries welcome, please add postage or rail freight charges. Prices subject to change without notice. — VEGIMAX — A BIOCHEMICAL LIQUID FERTILIZER IT GIVES HIGHER YIELD AND GREATER PROFITS FL OWERS No. 1 FOR ORCHIDS DISTRIBUTOR G.V.E.&M. Goulburn Valley E& M 14 Smith Street Shepparton, Victoria (058) 21 4468 Mail Orders Taken Sub Agents Pat King, Coffs Harbour (066) 52 4136. Sydney Orchids, P.O. Box 348 ; Engadine 2233 (02) 520 4830 Lugarno Orchids, 1178 Forest Road, Lugarno 2210 (02) 53 9708 (Prop B. C. & J. E. Schwartz) WANTED AGENTS & OUTLETS. ALL STATES 44 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 vi fe ee a WOMBARRA ORCHIDS PTY. LTD. 16 BARTON CRES. WOMBARRA NSW DRIVE SOUTH OF SYDNEY NE HOUR JUSTE G’s LEISURE COAST ON WOLLONGON the Residence This lavish 40 square home is set amid sub— tropical rain forests and features; 6 Bedrooms 2 Bathrooms Family Room Huge Timber Kitchen Formal Dining Room Spacious Formal Lounge Spectacular Ocean Views The business can be sold separately on long lease or sold as a parcel. Wombarra Orchids Pty. Ltd. is a long established, and well respected supplier of Export Quality Orchids to most major retail stores and nurseries. Wombarra Orchids is currently managed by the present owners as a family business, yet it provides Top Executive Level Income — without the executive level stress. Featured at Wombarra is the original ‘Winter Wonder White Cloud” — a parentage used in most crosses and a flower sought after by growers as part of their collections. Sale includes — 40,000 Orchid Plants in controlled houses, all plant and all machinery. Gini ma 042 674833 ugm 1A RAYMOND ROAD, THIRROUL ou ma AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 45 NEW SHOWBENCH CYMBIDIUMS lO) 5m 40) 0) Hop in for these specials! Easy to flower, quality, strong growing mericlones Cym. Pure Destiny ‘Ultimate’ (4N) — Irresistable cream pure colour standard. Cym. Sleeping Ransom ‘Blazing Gold (4N) — Intense yellow pure colour standard. Cym. Hidden Valley ‘Bright Orange’ (4N) — A new colour — eye catching orange standard. Cym. Valley Zenith ‘Discus’ (4N) — Round green bold lipped standard Cym. Leopard Lady ‘Leotard’ (4N) — A shapely spotted creamy standard. Cym. Lunata ‘Brown Glow’ (4N) — Unique dark brown standard. Cym. Valley Wine ‘Riesling’ (3N) — Beautiful white show winning standard. Cym. Winter Fire ‘Flare’ — Top quality showbench red intermediate. Cym. Melanie ‘Anderson’ — Charming pure colour yellow intermediate. Cym. Mini Mary ‘Little Lamb’ — Lovely pure colour yellow miniature. Cym. Arunta ‘Chieftan’ — Outstanding light brown miniature Cym. Rojo Negro ‘Reynella’ — April/May gorgeous brown miniature. SEND $12.50 ea. for these BRAND NEW RELEASES Please include $9 for air freight. Orders over $100 FREIGHT FREE! Bank/Mastercard welcome. Quote name, number and expiry date. Personal shoppers can view our full range at Peter Chiles Orchids, 5 Peacock Ave, Gawler, SA. EASY ORCHIDS 5 Richman Ave. Prospect SA 5082 Phone Glenn Heylen (08) 344 4255 ORCHIDGLEN NURSERY Paphiopedilum bellatulum $15 Paph. niveum $16 Paph. urbanianum $20 Paph. micranthum $27 Paph. purpuratum $35 Paph. hainanense $40 Dendrobium farmeri $13 Den. thrysiflorum $16 Den. chrysotoxum $15 Dendrochilum arachnites ‘Red’ $12 Cattleya intermedia $14 C. walkeriana $21 Laelia cinnabarina $20 For Skyroad delivery add $9.00 Price list available SAE Orders over $150 — attract 10% discount and free Skyroad delivery. ORCHIDGLEN NURSERY P.O. Box 213 WYNNUM Q 4178 Open Sat & Sun 8am to 4pm PH (07) 390 7742 for appointments. 46 CrIsPINS NATIVE ORCHID NURSERY TELEPHONE (066) 42 4524 Specialising in Specimen-size Native Orchids Extensive range of cool growing Queensland Natives Flowering size Hybrid Natives Large Range of Staghorns & Elkhorns Dispatch anywhere in Australia SAE for price list to 126 ALICE STREET, GRAFTON, NSW 2460 MERRELLEN ORCHIDS Ted & Barbara Gregory Specialist breeders of cool growing Aust Natives and Hybrids. Send 37¢ stamp for our 88-89 list. Mail orders our specialty. 181 Oxenford Road, Tamborine Heights, Qld 4271. ex: (075) 45 1576 Keith & Kathy Barlow's STAGMANIA NATIVE NURSERY 107 KENT STREET, GRAFTON. 2460 MAIL ORDER NATIVE ORCHIDS STAGHORNS, ELKHORNS BIRD NEST FERNS An extensive range supplied loose, potted, mounted or standing on natural wood. Licenced Picker No 30P0643. Wholesale orders of lose plants wanted. Public welcome but please phone for appointment. (066) 42 5262 AUSTRALIAN NATIVE TERRESTRIAL ORCHIDS Available as DORMANT TUBERS — November- February BARE ROOT PLANTS — May-August Easily grown species and hybrids from a range of genera including Acianthus, Caladenia, Chiloglottis, Corybas, Diuris, Microtis, Pterostylis and Thelymitra. Send SAE for listing and cultural notes LT. & M.K. NESBITT 18 Cambridge Street, Vale Park, SA 5081 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, SUMMER 1988 BRAZILIAN ORCHIDS AND BROMELIADS Plants and Seeds CATALOG No. 80 offers around 3,000 true- to-name different ORCHIDS and BROMELIADS, and contains nearly 400 illustrations (also in color), will be sent for US$5.00 by air mail. Payments exclusively by cash, or cheque payable in NEW YORK, by any bank. We supply also seeds of PHILODENDRUM, PALMS AND OTHER FOLIAGE PLANTS AND HAVE GUARANTEED SINCE 1906 our products. pt vuuULUl. ALVIM SEIDEL Orquideario Catarinense PO Box 1, 89280 CORUPA, Sta. Catarina. Brazil. Sophisticated Orchids by Andrew Easton “For all who seek the finest in modern hybridizing” The full range of Geyserland Orchids world renowned stock is only available in Australia through Mt. Beenak Orchids. Have you tried Mail Order shopping the Mt Beenak way? We invite you to try. Customers receive quarterly catalogues full of the latest in hybrids in many general from around the world. For those interested in flasks regular lists are also available. RULL SCIENTIFIC SERVICE. Consult- ing & contracting: mericloning, embryoculture, greenpood, breeding plans, pollen storage, media composition, lab setup & design. Details from Genetic Sciences Box 1326 Toowong 4066. Phone (07) 277 8281 all hours. ORCHID TISSUE CULTURE COURSE: For Sydney growers who are interested in learning orchid culture RYDE TAFE can offer the course. Just ring Ryde TAFE on 807 0222 and leave your name and number. WONDABAH ORCHIDS PTY LTD 724 PENNANT HILLS ROAD, CARLINGFORD, NSW 2118 PHONE: (02) 872 2959 AH: (02) 484 6335 We have Cattleyas available from flowering plants to seedlings and Mericlones in flowering size & seedlings. We now have a huge collection of Cattleyas, plus new. crosses available in Spring cat. and again in Autumn Catalogue. This yellow is an EXAMPLE of brilliant colour plus we have available classic whites, purples, lilac & Reds. The results of our updated growing programme are very pleasing and our cattleyas in plastic pots, changed growing medium & fertilisers are spectacular. We, of course, have seedlings available in all Genera, and new colours in Cymbidiums are both available and well advanced in Laboratory for the future, plus Paphs., oncidiums, den- drobiums, zygopetalum, natives and many other genera with vigorous, strongly rooted plants. We welcome all visitors, Overseas, Interstate, Country and of course our Sydney growers and enthusiasts to Wondabah. There is always something in flower to see and all requisites for the grower always available, incl. fertilisers, pots, plastic & T.C., compost, bark, hangers, etc. Our new bag for our special bark available now plus any ingredients for the ““mix it yourself’ grower. We assure you of personal service and remember, when you shop at Mt. Beenak you shop with the professionals! j For stock lists or directions to the nursery write to: Mt. Beenak Orchids Clive & Agi Halls, R.S.D. 92, Three Bridges, Victoria 3797 Phone: (059) 66 7253 Our American Agent: Bill Bailey’s Orchids 1715 Via Arriba, Palos Verdes Est. Ca. HUE, PEE COGS ee EUELUON| Welcomes all Orchid Growers, and of course our Australian Agents look forward to showing you our stock in their Nurseries. NURSERY HOURS Till Oct 30 New Spring/Summer Catalogue avaiilable on request 7 days a week from 9-5 from end of September, 1988 COCCOCCOCCCCCCOOOCC CCCI CSCI CSISO OI OI II I DD DPDPPAPPAAPAP AAA AAA AAA AFA MII I IPP PPAF IPD APPIISSS FOC COCO COC CCC CCC CO OOOO OD DDI II IA AAA A APA DADA -D-a? oe 2 22 CeO oO SSS e SPSS SOS SSO CeO COL SS OSS OSES OOS OOOO OSLO OOOO STOP PSL OP POPPA OCS OCSCOCS OS® CSO I IIA He daialogue that contains over 100 exclusive varieties plus a selection from \ around the world and not one plant over $30 Valley Orchids 32 page full colour 1988 Cymbidium catalogue. — This is more than just a catalogue. It is the most comprehensive, | ! Cym. Rolf Bolin ‘Red Velvet’ Voted most desirable Cymbidium — listing of ‘modern Cymbidiums available. ino mel Cdl Sou dunia chen lesen Plants are categorized for cut-flower, pot plant, exhibition and sur lant available oo 00 pecie and eran free, use. Sizes from in flask to flowering are offered. Prices forone oe - to 10,000 plants are set to excite and attract everyone from the in mae beginner to the largest commercial Gone and frerahtt is free iste Advantages in buying | flasks and small plants. | 2s This catalogue also includes information on plant classification, a : ___ glossary of orchid terms and award abbreviations. There is even a fro m Val ley O re h ids Ss list of new orchid names selected from over 400 new names fond iz to Valley Orchids by the Intsneiteve vex iisteinn authority over the Prompt dispatch. ofyourorder. SO hee . last 10 years. : \ Prompt answers to your Ee renee Sor Re : _ Payment by credit card, cheque or cash, with your order, or on Valley Orchids new ) 1988 catalogue is “essential receipt of order. The choice is yours. _ reading for anyone who is interested in No charge for packing or documentation. g oeeeet ee mbidi n f r fr 0 No charge for freight or postage for flasks or small plants. — a. biaiums: Se elite youn 9G PY: ei Plants available in all sizes, from in flask to in flower. Over 20 years experience shipping plants all overthe world gives us ___ the confidence to guarantee delivery in first class condition. _ All plants are vigorous andhealthy. = . et a Bob 8 EWES Nicolle VALLEY ORCHIDS _ PIMPALA ROAD MORPHETT VALE 5162 © SOUTH AUSTRALIA : Wholesale buyers will ‘ Wily) SOUTH AUSTE _bedelighted 28 I ae Plant delivery on date/dates of your aiaien “Ne Wiese ienenitee you will te or your money.wil be eee _ Large range of varieties to choose from. _ Beet eeepc. t> [orate Please send me your Ba} Rs Varieties can be changed. with mokeehine, = Pts A Ae 2 | = ey gins __ Feedback from growers of pot plants in all major re raise - + halt _ 1988 Cymbidium catalogue EY Plants from flask to flowering can isroprieeeeae Hovienetantith no een BraName) ‘ = 7 : payment until delivery. — ; ane “! PERS oo Sera Pe ae _ Alllatest VO mericlones available i in flask @ $1 cee in 19; ely lots Gre hae eS : [AUG LeSs nen oe eee eee: Seem ‘or $2 each ing; O00}lots suena ’ ee Ok es MF 5 ed | eet Sie : ce aol} - All aspects of cultural advice available free. il tetaaly _ Continuing supply of new varieties carefully selected f from the ae ¥ Tee Ss seealing, bank. a ig $ = iS he) & RRP. Abbiend by Atetretis Post 3 Publication Now NBO ‘y O FEBRUARY 1989 Paph. spicerianum: fine species from India with showy white dorsal. Grows cool.......... $18 Paph. linii: from Borneo. Purple/green with twisted petals. Flower stem to 16”. Warm...$25 Paph. venustum v. bhitanis: a colourful form, dramatically patterned. Grows cool ............ $20 Paph. hirsutissimum: Green/purple with long-petalled flowers, black-haired stalk. fe e) esrrrrecrrhicitnrintnitormnroirtran $20 Paph. spicerianum BRILLIANT AND UNUSUAL COOL-GROWERS! THE RUPICOLOUS LAELIA GEMS OF BRAZIL They’re compact. They're cute. They're easy to grow and York has the greatest collection of these Brazilian Laelia species in Australia. All plants are flowering size. L. esalqueana (see photograph). The plants are dwarf, the flowers brilliant golden yellow. A few plants only. Cool grower. $30 L. bahiensis sparkles with orange-yellow flowers in the Spring. Easy cool grower. $30 L. crispilabia the richly-coloured rose species with the beautiful lip. Cool. $30 L. endsfeldsii throws a long spike of rich yellow flowers. A rare one. Value at, L. longipes sprays of pretty pale pink flowers with a yellow labellum. Cool. $30 L. reginae: compact sprays of pink flowers with yellow lip. Some nearly white. Cool. $35 L. tereticaulis. Big, gutsy plants that have already been flowering all the way from pale pink to lavender. Cool. $40 PERFUMED BRASSAVOLAS! B. nodosa, famous ‘Lady of the Night’ orchid. Big-lipped white flowers bloom in Summer; with interesting grey-green, terete leaves. Flowering-size plants from Honduras, $25 B. perrinii, similar, free-flowering species from Brazil at, $25 Both are intermediate. Paph. sublaeve: ex Malaysia. Like P. callosum but at least two flowers on stalk. Warm....... $20 purple-spotted green. Winter flowering. .....$18 Paph. callosum: ex Thailand. Green-to-rose petals, purple-brown pouch. Showy. .......... $20 Paph. villosum: cool-growing, ex Thailand. High-gloss flowers with gold-brown lip. .....$18 Paph. exul Laelia esalqueana EYE-CATCHING GONGORAS! Gongoras spill necklaces of elegant-shaped flowers rather like miniature Stanhopeas. Inter- mediate temperatures. G. truncata from Honduras. Flowers cream and gold, showy spots. Flowering size. $25. G. galeata from Mexico is similar, in gold to chestnut. Elegant long lasting flowers. $25 MORMODES AROMATICA! York has flowering-size plants ex Honduras of this unusual species. Fawn with maroon, with an off-centre lip! Intermediate. $25 YES, BANKCARD WELCOME! Please include full postal address, personal signature and expiry date of card. Add $15 for packing and freight for any size order. YORK MEREDITH ORCHIDS, Little Willandra Road, Cromer, NSW 2099. Ph. (02) 971 6321 YORK MEREDITH’S Super-special! Big, well-grown plants. Pick of nine great slipper species and a a P. stonei hybrid. Any five, $80 or all ten for $160. "5 FLOWER-SIZE SLIPPERS $80 Paph. exul: Thailand. Smaller gold-to-green gem. Grows cool. Limited number only. .....620 Paph. stonei x Paph. concolor: Unflowered but will very soon. Finely mottled leaves. ...$20 Pick five and you could save $25, or go overboard and order all ten and you'll save $39. See below for freight charge and Bankcard details. Paph. hirsutissimum Stanhopea species YORK’S GREAT STANHOPEA ‘LUCKY DIP”! 3, UNFLOWERED, $50 Big, close-to-flowering seedlings, from species flowered at the nursery. York has lost track of which is what but only SPECIAL Stanhopeas are “selfed”. So they're rare species or extra ‘good forms, or something unknown to York when they flowered. In pots, ready to basket, three different ‘unknowns’ $50. These SHOULD include S. candida, anfracta and the true, rare S. tigrina but, NO guarantees! FROM THE EDITOR UNPUBLISHED ARTICLES WRONG ADDRESSES We are aware that many articles have been submitted in late 1987 and throughout 1988 which have not been published or acknow- ledged. It is Mr David Wallace’s practice, as EDITOR, to have all articles he receives ACKNOWLEDGED. We strongly urge that you resubmit articles if you have not received an acknowledgement as they may have been sent to the wrong ad- dress. ARTICLE FOR PUBLICATION CONSIDERATION AND ALL AOR CORRESPONDENCE SHOULD BE SENT TO:— ° AOR EDITOR David Wallace 90 Great Western Highway BLAXLAND NSW 2774 OR AOR PUBLISHER GRAPHIC WORLD 14 McGill Street, LEWISHAM NSW 2049 This fine white tetraploid seed- ling first flowered in early May 1988. It is from our 8229 cross. (WHITE PARADISE ‘EMPRESS’ x WINTER WONDER ‘AMELIA) ‘SONYA’. We have been developing high quality productive standard win- ter flowering cymbidiums for over 30 years in white, yellow, pink and green. If this is your interest then write now for our free mailing list which offers flasks and community pots at fair prices. ALVIN Nursery, 22 Cook Street, Kurneil, NSW, Australia 2231 (near Sydney International Airport) Telephone: (02) 668 9374. WHERE PARENTAGE @ CYMBIDIUMS @ PHALAENOPSIS @ ONCIDIUMS COUNTS BRYANT International (612) 668 9374 Nursery open Friday (all day), Saturday morning. INTERSTATE AND OVERSEAS VISITORS WELCOME ANYTIME. Next Issue A\ystralian Orchid Review Volume 54 — No.1 FEBRUARY 1989 Contents ARTICLES : The Return of the Count. Ray Thomson ......... 0... .0ccc0eccceccceeececceneeeeee 4 | HumidityaG ordoni@aMorrisOnmemre. ce. Ssctetcnste. ss... ose ef enh 13 { a Gym DidiunisudvemAlh Grad yaeeeretean = tenement aus eee ae ee noe 16 A DAY E RT | S F RS Cymbidium Peter Pan ‘Greensleeves’. R.W. Nicolle .................ccecceeeeeees 18 Diseases of orchids of North East India ..............0..cccceccccececcecececcecsecee The Unique Pollination Mechanism of Paph. sanderianum. R. Kramer ........ A table of Orchid Seed Capsule Ages Part Two. Alan Englert ................... 31 The Naming of Intergeneric Crosses in the Cattleya Alliance. Ray Smith ...... 37 3rd Asia Pacific Orchid Conference. Syd Monkhouse ...............2ececeeeeeees 41 Growing Paphiopedilums in the Bowral Area. J.L. Marks ...........00..00..000. 44 MhezA'conyandithesEcstas yal MBUrKes st eeeweeeter 2) ee Seen em REGULAR FEATURES APRIL ISSUE. Cover Story Potinara Twenty-four Carat ‘Gold’ AD/AOC, N.S.W. This plant was bred by Armacost and Royston using P. Lemon Tree x Ble. Yellow Imp. The plant is owned by Mr. Kevin | Hipkins of Royale Orchids. He also ob- tained the AD of the Year with Paphiopedilum Goultenianum AD-AOC/ OCSA. BUyers\G Wide peeaens cnn meee ieee re 4 2 Antares eer a woes Sead ced coe (ACVeLrtiSersiln de Xaememneeiemntiiniene aMens. -e er CBee og ee oa ae wi ta ahs AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 3 ~e - HONORARY EDITOR: David R. Wallace EDITORIAL COMMITTEE: G. Hansen, D. R. Wallace, A. Merriman. ADDRESS EDITORIAL TO: The Editor, Australian Orchid Review, 14 McGill Street, Lewisham NSW 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166. EDITORIAL ASSOCIATES: ‘QUEENSLAND: Mr Frank Oelkers, 419 Robinson Road, Beebung 4034. NORTH QUEENSLAND: Mr Ray Robinson, P.O. Box 129, Townsville 4810. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: MrS. A. Monkhouse, P.O. Box 1 O’Halloran Hill 5155. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mr Rob Manning, 16 Cromer Road, Brentwood, Perth, 6153. -TASMANIA: Mr Nicholas, 7 Kelvin Avenue, Moonah 7009. INTERNATIONAL: Mr G. H. Slade, Box 797 Vila. Vanuatu The Official Publication of the Orchid Society of New South Wales, Queensland Orchid Society, Victorian Orchid Club, Orchid Club of South Australia, Orchid Society of Western Australia, Tasmanian Orchid Society. Subscriptions: All overseas orders must be paid for in US dollars. In Australia: one year $A29.50, two years $A55.00 NZ air mail: one year $NZ49.00 or $A41.00, two years $NZ94.00 or $A79.00. Other Countries air mail: One year US$44.00, two years US$84.00. Surface mail anywhere overseas: one year US$34.00, two years US$62.00. TO JOIN AN ORCHID SOCIETY contact these secretaries: NSW: Miss B. Oldfield, 61 Mountford Avenue, Guildford 2161. Phone: (02) 6325712. QUEENSLAND: Mrs Noela Parsons, G.P.O. Box 2002 Brisbane 4001. Phone: (07) 273 1127. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. Phone: (03) 580 4917. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Mr Glen Heylen, Box 730 G.P.O. Adelaide 5001. Phone: (08) 44 4255. WEST AUSTRALIA: Mrs L. Manning, P.O. Box 1122, Booragoon, 6153. Phone: (09) 364 7968. TASMANIA: Mr J. F. Smith, 11 Warren Court, Howrah 7018. Phone: (002) 44 1555. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Honorary Secretary, P.O. Box 38493, Winnellie 5789. Phone: (089) 32 1977. Published and printed by GRAPHIC WORLD PTY LTD. 14 Mc Gill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166 Fax: (02) 560 6677 While the Proprietors of the Australian Orchid Review endeavour to assure the reliability of advertising and editorial, neither the Proprietors of the “Australian Orchid Review” nor the Editor and the affiliated Orchid Societies can assume responsibility for the advice or transaction between advertisers and readers. 4 A decade has now passed since Dr Carlyle Luer first saw fit to separate the Saccilabiatae section from the Masdevallia to create the new genus Dracula; which is Latin, meaning a “Little Dragon’. Rightly so as the botanical differences are great and signi- ficant. Much of the old literature, in fact all written and printed before 1978 will still refer to this distinct group of orchids as Masdevallia, contemporary collec- tions also label many plants thus. In Victorian times draculas (known then as masdevallias) enjoyed immense popularity, the most popular at that time being what is now the type species for the genus, Dracula chimaera. An article in the Gardener’s Chronicle of January, 1875 and written by W. G. Smith stated, ff T= =n w fryC TLi! fa B f= H = Elen YY JD | LS XS Hi BH HE *‘No one who sees M. chimaera for the first time can say it possesses any intrinsic beauty of its own, for its aspect is grotesque and whimsical in the ex- treme;’’ he goes on to say that “‘M. chimaera will always be esteemed for its peculiarities...they remind one of acro- bats walking on stilts with a balancing pole, and the front view of a flower is not unlike a twisted clown’s face dis- torted with a grimace’’. Nothing has changed and it appears that 100 or so known species making up the combin- ation of the two genera were well grown in those times, it was only the advent of cymbidium fever that saw these wonder- ful pleurothallids along with the Odontoglossum alliance lose favour only to re-emerge in modern collections D. minax one of the rarer lesser known but desirable species but aren’t they all? = ‘ Ray Thomson with what may be a popularity even greater than the original. With over 350 Masdevallia and 80 distinct Dracula now described we have a wonderful treasure chest of shapes, colours and sizes to tempt and fascinate all tastes, even the lovers of miniatures and botanicals. Why is Dracula differ- ent from the Masdevallia from which they were excised? The first clue must be found in the broad description of “the Saccilabiates’’, this reference is to the sack-like (sometimes referred to as shell-like) lip of the genus; quite differ- ent from any Masdevallia lip, there appears to be a division into a hypochile and epichile, also mobility is often a feature with the hinge at the foot of the column which carries the pollina; lips can also be usually large and in one species, Dracula bella, so large as to be out of proportion to the rest of the flower, radiating veins are also a prominent feature on the lips of many species. If you like your flowers hairy, then you’ll just love Dracula and with the longest tails or caudae in the whole of the Pleurothallidinae there is no won- der the genus has also a reputation for appearing to be grotesquely weird! Also for those with a penchant for the ‘‘off beat”’ and in association with the search for the black orchid; you are going to find something very close to what you have been searching for in the species Dracula vampira which goes close in many examples to a true blackish- chocolate. Add a few veins and stri- ations embellished with hair enough to make a Tarantula envious and you have that magic show stopper the IS different. Considering that to display this weird creation at its best it must be hung; we have then added the correct atmosphere to set off the whole visual experience. It is a fact that most Dracula must be hung! Only a few such as D. severa, D. berthae and D. cochliopsis send their inflorescence pendant or even decum- bent burrowing down through the com- post to emerge at the side or even bottom of the open mesh basket which is an absolute necessity if you are even to see the flowers. I make my baskets from various wire meshes or plastic mesh or net pots. If you can find them, round or square, it matters not but the growing medium certainly does; it should be loose enough to allow free passage of the developing burrowing spikes but it must not dry out and nor should it tend to fall out of the : “ : : = . : ot ae D. diabola, one of the smaller species it is nevertheless both charming and quaint and has a profusion of blooms of horizontal or pendant habit during early spring. ROCKHAMPTON ORCHID SOCIETY announces another 29th & 30th April 1989 WE OFFER YOU A RELAXED WEEKEND OF ORCHID AND BUSH HOUSE TOURS AND SOCIAL FUNCTIONS WHERE YOU CAN MEET ORCHID GROWERS FROM ALL OVER QUEENSLAND. Rockhampton has an unusually high number oflarge private collections of orchids, all easily accessable within the city. Accredited judges have | often praised the high quality of the collections. * BUS TOURS OF PRIVATE COLLECTIONS SATURDAY AFTERNOON AND SUNDAY 4 MORNING AND AFTERNOON TEAS AND SUNDAY ONLy * LUNCHEON INCLUDED $40 IF Paip * DINNER/DANCE SATURDAY EVENING INCLUDED 2 By 1M * PLANT AUCTION ARCH %& ONE OF OUR FAMOUS MULTI-DRAW RAFFLES TROPIC OF CAPRICORN 7 Send Registrations or write for further details to: P.O. BOX 5949 ROCKHAMPTON MAIL CENTRE, Qld. 4702 = s Pree Siri am \NELCOMES YOU TO BOWSON tee es WHY NOT STAY INFORMATION CENTRE |, 0.4700 AUSTRALIA. AN EXTRA DAY Oa ENN, oem PHONE: (079) 27 2055 IN AUSTRALIA. THE FRIENDLY OF QUEENSLAND NEVINS NURSERY Roy & Jacqueline Down (props.) 413 MULGRAVE RD, CAIRNS PHONE (070) 54 1201 CATTLEYAS DENDROBIUMS PHALAENOPSIS SAE FOR LIST A NEW LOOK CYMBIDIUM FROM NZ Cym. Firevieux ‘Hadfield Triply’ AD OSNZ First Australian release of a most attractive freak. Sepals are red and | petals are cream with red spots on | edges. Orders will be taken in rotation $10 plus $2 post and packing for each tube only. } Our usual range of showbench orchids also available from $3.50 Send S.AE. for new listings W & B Crouch, Cymbidium Orchids, 129 Austin Road, Seaford 3198 Phone (03) 786 3428 Please mention Orchid Review Mooroolbark Orchids Mainly Masdevallia Cool growing little dazzlers IN COMMUNITY POTS OF 5 PLANTS MINIMUM... Masd. veitchiana. Grand x floribunda (Sugarbaby) M. infracta. Wine x peristeria M. veitchiana. Grand x ignea (Heathii) M. tovarensis. white species outcross Established and ready for their own 36 mm (1%’’) pots — you could see the first | flowers in 12-15 months! The four compots inclusive of certified mail delivery for $60, cheque or money order. Please send stamp for current listings in- cluding Flasks and single plants of Dendrobium, Masdevallia and Sarcochilus. 6 BELLARA DRIVE MOOROOLBARK VIC 3138 Phone (03) 726 0060 | viewing only by appointment arranged to suit at any convenient time NEW ZEALAND GROWERS... ‘The House of Orchids’ +145 MANUKA ROAD, GLENFIELD AUCKLAND. Phone 444 9771 D. radiosa ‘Funny Face’’ the name says it all! and a sequential flowerer as well to keep you laughing for many months with it’s quaint display. “ mesh, a good lining is made from teased coconut fibre as this does not rot and allows the inflorescence free passage through the side or bottom of the basket. The moisture retaining element as for Masdevallia is sphagnum moss and I try to incorporate strands rather than finely chopped, as here we are dealing with a wet growing epiphyte without, in most examples of the genus, the thick cori- aceous water retaining leaves of the Masdevallia. Dracula leaves are in fact rather papery with a most prominent central rib or spine. The leaves and flowers can dehydrate rapidly either because of low humidity or low moist- ure levels in the mix and this is why stranded Sphagnum with its greater water holding capacity is an important if not crucial component of the whole medium which can be based on a coarse Cymbidium mix. I like to add dried and shredded tree fern or bracken frond and have a preference, as do the plants for things organic and natural; rejecting modern plastic substitutes for those materials closer to what nature provides and all for free! Percentages for making up the mix should revolve around these suggestions which can be adapted to suit your own microclimate and watering frequency. Sphagnum should be fresh, light in colour and stranded. Add 20 per cent. Chopped tree fern or bracken frond can be 10 per cent, making sure the frond is dry and brown in colour if green, a week or so in the sun will soon dry it out. The Cymbidium base mix which makes up the greater component of 70 per cent should not be the fine saw dust type mix so popular in warmer climates. Make sure it is the type which contains good chunks of 10 to 12mm bark and a little gravel if present also helps to keep things nice and open so that we have a : AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 ; medium which will be constantly damp but allows free passage of air around the root zone and excess water to rapidly drain off. Don’t forget a good pinch of hoof and horn or bone meal per hanging basket which should have a maximum diameter of 8 to 10cm and a mesh similar to canary wire. I believe the greatest problem facing the Dracula cultivator will be the main- tenance of specific qualities of the air in which the plants are grown and/or hung. Growers of miltoniopsis, the Colombian miltonias will have no worries in pro- viding correct air temperatures which ideally would not vary much from around 15 to 16°C. I find no trouble in going down to 12°C and I can achieve this by hanging the draculas above the masdevallia’s mildly warmed sand beds. This leads us to the next and possibly most important air quality, that of hu- midity. If your warmed sand bed is kept constantly damp which it should be, humidity rising up to surround the hang- ing draculas will be automatically pro- vided. Sixty per cent absolute minimum humidity is a good figure to aim for but ideally if we were to copy nature 70 to 80 per cent or higher, especially at night is relished by the plants. All this humidity is, even with draculas, going to cause problems if the D. chimaera, the type species for the genus is sequential in it’s flowering habit, with up to six blooms in succession this species can be in flower for many months. OUTSTANDING COMPACT CLONES The following plants are some of the finest quality compact growing clones available. Some are already proven show winners and others are yet to be shown here but will achieve similar success. Our listings include many other mericlones and seedlings of equal quality. Lc. Mini Purple ‘Tamami’ BM/JOGA (Near Flr. Size in 75mm pot, $45ea). Medium size deep purple of flat form and heavy substance. Very compact growing and flowers twice a year. Ctna. Brandi ‘OC’ (Lge. Fir. Size in 100mm pot, $60 ea). Outstanding clusters of heavily overlapped bright purple. Good substance and shiny texture. Not yet shown for award but will receive high award. Flowers twice a year. Sic. Hazel Boyd ‘Emperor AM/AOS (Flr. Size in 100mm pot, $60ea). Medium size rich yellow-orange with red lip of round flat shape. One of the finest show clones of the cross. Flowers twice a year. Sc. Batemanniana ‘Lea’ (Near Fir. Size in 65mm tubes, $40ea). Overlapped shape pastel pink with petals spectacularly flared and striated in red purple. This is the best clone we have seen of this hybrid. Very compact and flowers twice a year. Hknsa. Alice lwanaga ‘Ruby Lips’ AM/AOS (Near Fir. Size in 75mm pots, $15ea). Medium size brick red of full round shape and flat form. Flowers 2-3 times a year. Already has won more major prizes here than any other Ctna Bic. Pokai Tangerine ‘Lea’ (Near Fir. Size in 100mm pots, $15ea). Vibrant concolour orange of full round shape. Heavy substance and waxy texture. Compact and will flower twice a year. C. Angelwalker ‘Easter AM/AOS (Adv. plants in 50mm tubes, $8ea). Outstanding medium size clean white with cream in the throat. Full round shape, heav substance and sparkling texture. Ctna. Hunabu Fairly Flare ‘Hihimanu’ (Adv plants in 50mm tubes, $8ea). Medium size rosy lavender with red purple and cream splashed petals. Overlapped shape with heavy substance. Flowers twice a year. SPECIAL OFFER The above collection of 8 plants sent FREIGHT FREE for $225 (other orders add $10 Despatch & Packing). “The Orchid Centre of Australia” Lc. Mini Purple ‘Tamami’ smMuoGa NEW AUTUMN LISTING NOW AVAILABLE (Includes many first release mericlones, seedlings and community pots). Listings are issued regularly and posted FREE on request NEW PREMIER SELECTION and IMPORTED PLANT LISTING NOW AVAILABLE (Includes many special first release mericlones, seedlings and flowering size plants). This listing is issued regularly and posted FREE on request. Priests Rd, (P.O. Box 96), Deception Bay, Brisbane, 4508. PHONE (07) 888 3637 Nursery Hours: Mon. to Sat, 8am-5pm. Closed Sundays and Public Holidays air in the growing environment is stale and stagnant, so air movement enough to keep leaves gently moving in a mild breeze will effectively combat most fungal problems. It is worth noting that even the heavily diffused light of a darkish Colombian forest from whence our draculas have come, there is always air movement and a sweetness in the air. We must closely duplicate this for successful culture. To achieve flowering and healthy blemish free leaves, plants should not, however, be subjected to strong draughts. It is worthwhile at this juncture to have a look at surface temperatures year round in the areas of Colombia to which most draculas are endemic, situated just 6° north of the Equator but at 2000 metres (7000 ft) altitude. Medellin, the second largest city of Colombia and undoubtedly the orchid capital of that country, is known as the ‘‘City of Eternal Spring’’ and for good reason as temperatures vary little between winter and summer, a 15°C average winter temperature rises to a most pleasant 20 to 23°C in mid summer giving an average differential of only 5 or 6°C for the whole 12 month period; slight vari- ations of a few degrees either way may occur but at most this deviation from the average is insignificant as far as Dracula culture is concerned. With an annual rainfall of between 150 and 200 cm and that’s nearly 80 inches or 6% feet of rain, humidity is relatively high at all times. No wonder the pleuothallids and in particular the draculas have developed and evolved without pseudobulbs or canes as with daily damping down through rain, mists and fog, special water storage organs as found in orchids subject to long dry periods become unnecessary. During an overseas photographic session working with draculas, after setting up on a D. chimaera 1 was distracted for a short time. On returning to the camera and flower I found a shaft of sunlight had struck the bloom where- upon, within a minute, it had folded and begun to shrivel and lose its glory, after the sunlight had passed and within 15 minutes the flower had re-hydrated itself and it was plumpted up as before, this experience tells us much about light levels and heat. Sunlight and even bright diffused light can be far too much and will be distressing to the plants, some- thing less than light given for paphiopedilums should be aimed for. I grow my plants suspended but hanging below other plants, in full shade at all times; if light is too intense rapid yellowing and drying of the tips of the leaf blades will occur, plants will do poorly and may even die if subjected to P242CP P256CP shape. P257CP a) spotting and barring. P276CP i lips. P294CP stripes. P295CP P296CP P297CP flowers. P299CP P301CP this treatment too long. I have seen plants absolutely ruined and devastated by a week of early spring sunshine when shade and paint had not been applied on time! At this point it is worth while examin- ing the unfortunate phenomenon of the floral bud shrivelling or rotting off when so close to flowering thus robbing us of the fruits of our labours and meticulous attention to all the important details, or so we thought! I am often asked why this happens, not only with the inflor- escences of Dracula but in particular the most frustrating similar experience of those among us who grow well and AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 PHALAENOPSIS COMMUNITY POTS Each pot contains 5 well grown seedlings of each cross. Price $10.00 per pot. Skyroad door to door freight $9.00 for up to 10 pots. Phal. Chamonix. (Antarctic x Spitzberg) Fine large whites. Dtps. Chialin ‘Der Sing’ x Phal. Otohime ‘Dogashima’. Deep fuschia pinks. Good Phal. Paifang’s Elation ‘Queen’ x amboinensis ‘Queen’. Novelty yellows with Phal. (Redfan x Ruffec) x Grace Lady ‘Yung Ho’ Whites and some stripes with red Phal. Ruffec x Barbara Freed Saltzman Jean McPherson’ AM/AOS. Quality pink Phal. Tropic Showers x Gladys Read ‘Snow Queen’. Large show bench whites. Phal. Carmela’s Dream x Aubrac ‘Venus’. Large exhibition whites. Phal. Teoh Phaik Khuan ‘Sunset’ AM/AOS x (Redfan x Reffec). Large striped Phal. Ismona x Gladys Read ‘Snow Queen/Large exhibition whites. Phal. (Elinor Shaffer x Zauberose) x Spring Silk. Soft pinks with superior shape. COMMUNITY POTS AVAILABLE IN MOST GENERA. SEND S.A.E. FOR LISTINGS. GRAHAM & BERYL ROBERTSON M.S. 1096 Blackall Range Rd., NAMBOUR 4560 Phone (071) 42 1913 before visiting. “The Canadian Orchid Journal A quarterly publication for orchid growers near and north of the 49th parallel, but of interest to growers everywhere. YEARLY RATES Canada and USA (2nd Class Mail) $20.00 Overseas Surface $20.00, Overseas airmail $25.00 BACK ISSUES Volume I Individual Copy $1.75, Complete (7 issues) $10.50 Volume II Individual Copy $2.50, Complete (4 issues) $10.00 Volume III Individual Copy $3.50, Complete (4 issues) $14.00 Volume I to III inclusive $30.00. Inclusive of surface mail. Please add $2.00 for handling, per set. Rates are quoted in US currency — except (only) Canada. We accept cheques, money orders and drafts. Send payments and enquiries to: THE CANADIAN ORCHID SOCIETY INC. 128 Adelaide Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3A OW5 (Phone 204-943-6870) MT PLEASANT ORCHID NURSERY 148 School of Arts Road, Redland Bay, 4165 Qld Phone: (07) 206 7253 Growers and importers of quality plants We are proud to be appointed Australian Agent — Mintai Orchids (Taiwan) Latest lines: Cattleya mericlone — 2” tubes @ $5.00 seedlings — 2” tubes @ $3.00 Imported plant listing available. Stem Propagated Phalaenopsis in Flask. Enclose a postage stamp for comprehensive listing. We are suppliers of American (Sequoia) Orchid Bark $21 per 2cu ft bag Nursery hours 9am-4pm. Closed Mondays. tc ok ke & 4 GENERATIONS OF GROWING EXPERIENCE *& * * * ORCHID LABORATORY SEED FLASKING Exotics and Australian Natives REPLATING (We also accept flasks from other sources) MERICLONING All work carried out in our modern tissue culture laboratory under optimum conditions. Send for a free brochure providing tips on seed collection and charges. Small and large orders equally welcome. Flora Propagation Laboratories 18 Mundy St., Mentone, Melbourne Vic. 3194 (03) 584 2087 Fiorafest Orchids John Woolf (Manager) P.O. Box 7011, TOOWOOMBA, 4352 TELEPHONE (076) 30 1102 — A.H. (076) 34 2953 LABORATORY AND NURSERY OPEN BY APPOINTMENT PAPHIOPEDILUM SPECIALS c= All plants Ex. 80mm pots 10% Discount on Purchases to $100 — 15% Discount on Purchases over $100 1031 Paph. Helvetia (roebelinii x chamberlainianum ‘Lucky Chance’) (N.FS.) $10.00 0189 Paph. delenatii ‘Laluilerie’ AM AOS x glaucophyllum va moquettianum ‘King Size’. (N.FS.) $10.00 0206 Paph. Dellaina (delenatii ‘Lundi’ HCC AOS x chamberlainianum) (N.FS,) $10.00 E 0209 Paph. Lutanist x fairieanum $5.00 0214 Paph. (Michael Barnett x Beaute) x Veritilario $5.00 0215 Paph. Tamirose x fairieanum $5.00 0370 Paph. callosum x philipenense $5.00 0411 Paph. glaucophyllum x St. Swithens $10.00 0419 Paph. barbatum x philippinense = Bella $7.50 0439 Paph. Deperle (primulium ‘Golden Glow’ x delenatii ‘La Tuilerie’ AM AOS.) (N.FS,) $10.00 0445 Paph. Charles Sladden (glaucophyllum var moquettianum x bellatulum ‘Prolific’) (N.FS.) $10.00 0484 Paph. Daisy Barclay (rothschildianum x godefroyae) $10.00 0988 Paph. (Keelat x Smallworld) x (Lockhinge x Windover) $5.00 0997 Paph. Botan ‘King Edward’ x Solferino ‘Ruby’ $5.00 1293 Paph. appletonianum x self $5.00 1295 Paph. niveum x St. Swithens $10.00 1296 Paph. callosum x roebbelenii $5.00 1301 Paph. Via Quatal (William Matthew's ‘Batchman’ x Maudiae ‘Black Knight’ AM (Vini-Color Cross) $15.00 1312 Paph. hirsutissimum ‘Exquisite’ x self $5.00 1475 Paph. Holdenii ‘Pal’ x Vintner’s Treasure ‘Black Hawk’ AM AOS (Vini-Color Cross) $15.00 1477 Paph. Nettie McNay = (Maudiae ‘Black Rook’ AM x mastersianum ‘Madrigal’ HCC) (Vini Cross) $15.00 1482 Paph. Supersuk ‘Eureka’ AM AOS x Doctor Knock ‘Goliath’ HCC AOS (Coloratum Cross) $15.00 1500 Paph. rothschildianum ‘Charles E’ FCC AOS x self $15.00 1626 Paph. callosum Jac’ x self (Vini-Color Cross) $75.00 1686 Paph. Clarissa ‘Lawrence’ x Maudiae ‘Ebony Queen’ FCC AOS (Vini-Color Cross) ~ $30.00 1687 Paph. St. Swithen ‘Eureka’ AM AOS x rothschildianum ‘Excelsior’ FCC AOS $25.00 1688 Paph. Jo Anne’s Wine (Vintners Treasure ‘Eureka’ AM x Maudiae ‘Eureka’ FCC) (Vini Cross) $45.00 1697 Paph. Dot McNay = (Nettie McNay ‘Eclipse’ HCC x Maudiae ‘Black Amazon’ HCC) (Vini Cross) $25.00 1699 Paph. Juno (callosum Jao’ x fairieanum ‘Red’) (Vini-Color Cross) $45.00 - 1701 Paph. callosum Jac’ x Vintners Treasure ‘Great Scott’ (Vini-Color Cross) $45.00 a 1702 Paph. Maudiae ‘The Queen’ x self 4N (Large green & white) $50.00 1705 Paph. Bar-Maud (barbatum ‘Negra’ x Maudiae ‘Los Osos’) (Coloratum Cross) $15.00 1706 Paph. Faire-Maud = (fairieanum ‘Red’ x Maudiae ‘Los Osos’) (Coloratum Cross) $15.00 1726 Paph. callosum ‘Doo Charles’ x self $7.50 1740 Paph. sukhakulii x wolterianum $5.00 1763 Paph. primulinum var. purpurescens $5.00 . Many more crosses available @ send for full Paph. listing if required Air Freight (Door to door) $11.00 Extra @ Send a Stamp for a full plant & flask listing All plants sent Bare Root Mail Order Specialists — Satisfaction Guaranteed — Commercial flask available on request 5) Florafest ... A festival of living colour! (oy welcomehere 10 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 bring to the point of flowering the beautiful species Masdevallia amabilis, a most prolific flowerer under the cor- rect conditions which appears to be thwarted most often than not by a few lapses, no doubt unintentionally, to important cultural details. With both genera we have a require- ment for cool to mildly intermediate conditions but with high humidity and gentle air movement at all times. From my experience I have determined that the loss of floral buds under cultivation is a combination of these factors, pri- marily a loss of humidity in the growing environment such as may be experi- enced during a windy but dry day, even during the winter. Combine this with a temperature rising above 20°C with little or no air movement and you have the recipe for disaster. At all times during floral bud formation humidity above 60-65 per cent is advisable. If you cannot maintain temperature maximums at this time of 20-25°C humidity must go even higher, say 70-80 per cent at 30°C and increase air movement around the plants. Follow these suggestions and I’m sure you'll more often enjoy the floral reward for your labours. Draculas do not fit in well with an orchid collection requiring high, light and warm conditions so do not be tempted to try them with your vandas and hard cane dendrobiums. These won- derful pleurothallids are disappearing from their natural habitat along with the South American rain forests from whence they have come at an alarming rate and any attempt to cultivate them should not be taken on lightly, some expectation of success should be felt before a purchase, or should I say investment, is made. Seedlings of both species and primaries will shortly be available and then exper- imentation can responsibly be under- taken. In the meantime, to grow and flower, a few of these marvellous mon- sters remains one of the most exciting, even thrilling experiences that come along now and then in the wonderful world of orchids. If you strike upon the correct set of conditions, few orchids offer such good floral value as the Dracula as most species are sequential in their flowering habit, so during a season lasting many months individual blooms will deterio- rate after a week to 10 days only to be replaced rapidly by another of like size and quality. Draculas being correctly cultivated will also grow vigorously and division may be undertaken once a good big fist sized clump has developed. Divisions should, or should I say must be more generous than with Masdevallia, dividing the CYMBIDIUM CITy ORCHIDS 25 School Drive, Banksia Park, S.A. 5091 NURSERY OPEN May to October (incl) 10 am to 5 pm Sat/Sun SPECIALISING IN CYMBIDIUMS FROM ACROSS THE TASMAN Write now to be placed on our mailing list. Dracula into clumps of a dozen or so leaves will help the plant to overcome the stress associated with such an oper- ation. Don’t forget to dust the severed rhizomes with a fungicide, I use old fashioned, but never bettered sulphur dust. I would strongly advise you not to carry out division during the summer months as rapid leaf drop may occur, further weakening the plant. Late autumm will be best. In conclusion, may I suggest that if you are growing masdevallias well, moving on to draculas will be a logical and most rewarding step in your search for something more than just a little different. Some species lend themselves to arti- ficial cultivation practices just a little easier than others and I suggest you seek out and try these easy species first. Draculas erythrochaete, D. soderoi, D. benedictii and D. severa will provide a good cross section of types and if you are successful with their cultivation moving on to the rarer and more spec- tacular will be an easily taken step. Although endemic to the slopes of the Andes running down from Costa Rica through Central America into Colombia AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 and Ecuador these aforementioned species all grow in a tropical climate which is radically tempered by altitude allowing us to transfer them to a cool to intermediate environment without great drama as long as the previously men- tioned air qualities of cool, humid and bouyant are adhered to. Yes, weird, grotesque, horrid, ugly! draculas are all those things and more, but they are also cute and to my eyes, many species are stunningly beautiful. They lay down a challenge in their cultivation which may not be easily met but, Oh! the rewards if you are success- ful. Between them the combined genera of Dracula and Masdevallia make up something in the order of 500 species within the Pleurothallidinae, to collect and work these orchids is more than a lifetime’s work. At this point in time we are only just beginning to realise the huge potential of intergeneric breeding between the groups. Will you take part in all this excitement? @ I] ROYALE ORCHIDS Jor those who choose the finest The following seedlings have been specially selected out by Ned Nash, to suit those people who love the big and beautiful exhibition cattleya. All plants are ex 4" pot, a season or two from flowering. All at the one low price of $22.50 ea. A2829 Bic. (Black Mesa ‘Storm’) x Lc. Lisa Ann ‘Magnificent Maroon’ AM/AOS Extraordinarily dark and good shape. Fragrant. Summer A2831 ‘Bc. (C. Esbetts ‘The King’ x Breakers Reach ‘Majestic’) Large plants, tall stems of huge baby pink blooms. Brilliant yellow throat. Fall into winter. A2838 Bic. (Pamela Hetherington ‘Coronation’ FCC/AOS x Be. Breaker’s Reach ‘Majestic’) Huge pinks with good stem length and separation. Winter. A2843 Bc. (Chesty Puller x Breaker’s Reach ‘Majestic’) More huge pinks, these more in the traditional mode with blue overtones. A2847 Bc. Rolling Thunder (C. Old Whitey ‘Mt. Empress’ AM/AOS x Chesty Puller) Remake. Super big pinks on good stems most with bright yellow throats. A2856 Lc. (Whybone ‘Kneebone’ AM/AOS x Casitas Spring ‘Linden’ AM/AOS) Impeccable spring breeding. Large medium lavenders with dark lip. Superb shape. A2858 Lc. (Casitas Spring ‘Linden’ AM/AOS x Susan Holguin ‘April Showers’) Shapely spring lavenders, some slightly darker than most. Good shape. A2859 Lc. (Recollections ‘May Day’ HCC/AOS x Casitas Spring ‘Linden’ AM/ AOS) Very large medium lavenders for late spring. Superb form. 18514 ~— Bic. (Mary Tuavera ‘Ice Age’ x C. Old Whitey ‘Mt. Empress’ AM/AOS A super white brasso from Andy Easton crossed with the famous Old Whitey. Fabulous showbench white and pink brassos for winter. 18516 —_—_ Bc. (C. Ruth Gee ‘Magi’ x Breaker’s Reach ‘Majestic’) One of the best shaped Ruth Gee’s. Good stems and true baby pink colours. 18518 Lc. (Pegi Mayne ‘Lines’ x Starting Point ‘Unique’ AM/AOS) Line breeding for purity of white in sepals and petals, and solid dark lip. Good Growers. A2830 —_C. Ruth Gee (Esbetts ‘The King’ x Old Whitey ‘Mt. Empress’ AM/AOS) Remake of a famous cross with superior parents. Many will be of the popular gold-lipped type. Winter. 18544 _ Lc. (Susan Holguin ‘Mystique’ x Drumbeat ‘Triumph’ AM/AOS) Bred for mid-winter purples of outstanding form and production. 18549 _ Bc. (Llano x Breaker’s Reach ‘Majestic’) Line breeding for the new baby pink colour. Relatively tall stems and egg yolk yellow throats. FREIGHT EXTRA NURSERY (Open Weekends Only): 42 Pratley Street, South Woy Woy, NSW 2256. Phone: (02) 709 3651 CORRESPONDENCE TO: 12 Allison Avenue, Condell Park, NSW 2200. Phone: (02) 708 2064 aot ane ere ie U yy : Di f : Gordon C. Morrison Prior to the late 1960s plant ecophysiol- ogists measured two important environ- mental factors, namely irradiance (sun- light) and humidity, by methods more suited to humans than to plants. Over the next decade or so the methods of measurement changed over to those more relevant to plant response hence are more meaningful. The general litera- ture on orchid culture has not caught up with these changes, perhaps because no one has bothered to raise the subject so the purpose of this article is to encourage a change in the measurement of. one factor, namely humidity, somewhat belatedly perhaps but hopefully it will have some effect. Humidity is defined as — The amount of water vapour in the air. However the word “‘amount’” needs further elabora- tion. It can be expressed in two ways: (a) on a mass per unit volume basis, ie., milligrams of water vapour per cubic metre of air at sea level. This is called absolute humidity; or (b) on amass per unit volume basis, ie., grams of water vapour per kilogram of dry air. This is called specific humidity. _ As a mass of a kilogram of air is the same wherever measured the specific humidity is a preferred term. These are the only two direct ways of measuring and stating humidity. Any other methods are indirect. However, neither method is very informative to plantsmen and possibly less informative to plants. Perhaps the best known indirect method of stating humidity (and the most mis- used and mis-understood) is Relative Humidity (RH) which is a simple ratio which can be expressed as a percentage. It is the ratio of the water vapour we have to the water vapour we could have at a given temperature, or simply e/esat where (e) is the existing water vapour pressure and €gat is the vapour pressure of the water vapour in saturated air at a given temperature. As gat varies enormously with temperature, about a 5 to 1 increase as the temperature changes from 5 to 30°C, three points become clear. 1. RH is dimensionless, it is simply a ratio. 2. Any statement of RH without an accompanying statement of tempera- ture is meaningless and nonsensical. 3. The RH value will vary inversely with temperature if the water vapour mass does not change. The subject of RH will not be pursued further here as it is primarily a human comfort (or discomfort) factor. In the days long ago when temperature was measured in degrees F the sum of temperature and RH became a “‘comfort factor” which, if it reached a high value, became a “discomfort factor”. Plant metabolism is not cognisant of the e/€sat ratio but rather with the dif ference between the plants internal water vapour pressure and that of the surround- ing air. This is the force which produces evaporation from the leaves. It is called the Saturation Water Vapour Pressure Deficit (SWVPD) of just VPD for short and is an indirect method of measuring the effect of humidity from the plant’s viewpoint. VPD = sat leaf > Cair- VPD is now the recognised method of expressing _ humidity by plant ecophysiologists and I hope it will replace RH in orchid culture. The value €sat leaf 1s the water vapour pressure at saturation at leaf tempera- ture. As this latter is difficult to measure the air temperature is used. Providing forced air convection is present, created by wind outside or fan(s) inside the glasshouse to produce air turbulence there will generally be little error from this assumption. The thickness of the leaf boundary air layer is reduced by turbulence and the heat is carried away from the leaf. The values for esat Jeaf and sat air are obtained from tables and from calcula- tion but it is unreasonable to expect an orchid grower to calculate the VPD every time he/she takes readings from the wet and dry bulb thermometers. This would sound the death knell of VPD usage very smartly. To overcome this one could do some 240 calculations and provide a “reference table’’. The expression for calculating gat is: 6.108 exp [(17.2674 T)/(T + 237.28)] hectopascals (hPa). This indicates that a graph drawn on log-linear paper would be a series of straight lines and only involve 24 calculations. Such a graph accompanies this article and it may be photocopied as mz >v times as necessary CYMBIDIUM FLASKS WW F=¥d(od Koy pt=s-yr-J ole) =\=1-1e| [fale fs} We are cloning over 250 varieties of miniature, intermediate and standard cymbidiums. Many are available now priced at $20 per flask of 10. We also give bonus flasks (one per five) and free delivery in Australia for five or more flasks. Colchicine-treated mericlones are now available in tens for the same price. Seedling flasks, unless limited, are priced at $15 per flask of ten. Write or phone for our latest descriptive catalogue and deflasking instructions. KUDLA ORCHID (Bob and Maureen Burns props.) NURSERY 48 MAIN NORTH ROAD, KUDLA, S.A. 5115. PHONE: (08) 254 6351 after 5.30pm South Australian time. W.A. Agent: Keith Abbott Orchids, Lot 1 Beenyup Rd. Jandakot W.A. 6164. ~ Phone (09) 417 1818. A.H. (09) 457 2491 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 13 Cymbidiums, Cattleyas, Dendrobiums & Paphiopedilums() Specialists in mail orders ‘ If you require quality orchids at reasonable prices then we invite you to visit or phone EVELIN ORCHIDS Cnr Old Northern Rd & Laughtondale Gully Road, Maroota 2756 NSW Australia Phone (045) 66 8243 () From Flask to Flowering Size () Plants stock Please write or phone for’ current lists 4 ORC IDS ALWAYS IN FLOWER \ and hung under a plastic cover in the glasshouse. Note that the ordinate (vertical scale) is logarithmic in that the distance between hPa values is a function of the common log of the value, eg., the common log of 2 is 0.3 so the distance between | and 2 takes about one third of the space between | and 10. To use the graph one simply reads the temperatures of the wet and dry bulb thermometers, takes the difference and travels along the relevant sloping line to intersect with the wet bulb temperature then proceeds horizontally along the graph to read the VPD, eg, Tary Twet = 8 and Twet= 20° C which gives a VPD of 20hPa. The hectopascal is used here as this term is equivalent to the older and now disused term “‘millibar” although strictly speaking kilopascal is the preferred term such that 20 hPa = 2 kPa. The graph was compiled using a psychrometric constant of 0.66 which assumes that the thermometers are aspirated by wind or a fan. If only free convection is used, ie, air movement is only due to air temperature differential then a constant of 0.8 is applicable. This would increase the VPD by a hecto- pascal or so which would not be too significant a change. Note that unlike RH, VPD does have a dimension and although temperature readings are taken to determine the VPD SHADE CLOTH STILL THE CHEAPEST Queensland’s largest range of shade cloth in green, black, brown and white. Top quality guaranteed. 1800mm (6’) Knitted Perm per50mroll $155 $175 $21 : ~ 50% 70% 80% $3.50 $3.95 $4.90 3600mm (1 2’) Knitted per50mroll $310 $350 $9. 80 $420 YA PRICE % fe Jil NEWMARKET Ce irsenaress 176 Enoggera Rd, Newmarket, Q. 4051 Ph (07) 356 0162 Country Orders Welcome. 14 it is not necessary to state at what temperature this is relevant. If the optimum VPD is 15 hPa then this is to be 15 hPa at any biological temperature prevailing. The obvious question now arises ‘‘what is the optimum VPD for each orchid genus?” Regrettably little work has been done on this subject except for Paphio- pedilum (Williams, Grivet and Zeiger 1983 and Mayo and Ehret 1980). This work was largely initiated because plant physiologists were intrigued by the lack of chloroplasts in the guard cells of Paphiopedilum (Nelson and Mayo 1975) Itis most unusual for plants to lack chloroplasts in this location. As some albino barley plants lacking these chloro- plasts also lacked stomatal movement it was concluded that guard cell chloro- phyll is necessary for stomatal function- ing (Shaw 1958). Data from Williams et al (1983) who worked with Paphiopedilum insigne, in daylight, found that, at an ambient temperature of 20°C, maximum net photosynthesis occurred up to a VPD of 5 hPa but then dropped sharply by 33 per cent when the VPD increased to 10 hPa and continued to drop with increasing VPD values. The stomatal conductance also fell as the VPD increased so mini- mising water loss from the plant. Mayo and Ehret (1980) working with P. leeanum found that by increasing the AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 « ee VPD from 4.75 hPa to 30 hPa the trsnspiration increased by 274 per cent and the relative water content of the leaves decreased by 7.5 per cent. Although not providing numerical data Williams et al (1983) state that Cym- bidium and Phragmipedium exhibited comparative stomatal conductance values to Paphiopedilum. Just how com- parable and under what conditions will have to wait publication of the data. Many epiphytic tropical orchids use CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) to fix carbon dioxide and stomata are open at night (Avadhani, Khan and Lee 1978 and Goh, Avandhani, Loh, Hane- graaf and Arditi 1977). VPD is normally critical during the period of open stomata and at night the Tgry — Twet values are lower hence the VPD is lower at night. Perhaps with genera such as Cattleya, Arachnis, Aranda, Aerides, Vanda and similar, all being reported to have CAM, the daylight VPD may not be as impor- tant as the night time VPD when low values should be easily obtainable. Working in dry rain forest near Armidale NSW in November Wallace (1986) found that the VPD around some plants of Dendrobium speciosum (a CAM plant) increased to around 30 hPa from 1400 to 1800 hours. Plectorrhiza tridentata (also CAM) was surrounded by a VPD of about 17 hPa at similar times. yet in both cases the VPD during the period 2100 hours to 0900 hours was less than 5 hPa. The high VPD during the daylight hours would cause severe water loss to plants in the open, particularly those with little water storage capacity like Plectorrhiza tridentata hence the ability to close the stomata during high VPD conditions enables these plants to survive in dry conditions ® References Avadhani P.N., Khan I., Lee Y.T. (1978) Pathways of carbon dioxide fixation in orchid leaves. Proc. Symp. on Orchidology, OSSEA Singapore. Goh C.J., Avadhani P.N., Loh C.S.. Hanegraaf C., Arditti J. (1977). Diurnal stomatal and acidity rhythms in orchid leaves. New Phyt. 78, 365-372. Mayo James M., Ehret Dave (1980) The effects of abscisic acid and vapour pressure deficit on leaf resistance of Paphiopedilum leeanum, Can J. Bot. 58, 1202-1204. Nelson Sherman D., Mayo James M. (1975) The occurrence of functional non- chlorophyllous guard cells in Paphiopedilum spp. Can. J. Bot. 53, 1-7. Shaw M., (1958) Physiology of stomata II. The apparent absence of chlorophyll, photo- synthesis and a normal response to light in the stomatal cells of an albino barley, Can. J. Bot. 36, 575-579. Wallace Ben J. (1986) CAM and the orchids, Lindleyana 1(1) 65-68. Williams William E., Grivet Cyril, Zeigler Edwardo (1983) Gas Exchange in Paphio- pedilum. Plant Physiol. 72, 906-908. it’s Great, l’?s ‘Bloomin’ Great Give It A Go Mate, ssie It’s “Bark from Vv POLWOOD PTY. LTD. (PRODUCERS OF TREATED PINE BARK) Saltwater Creek Nursery, MS. 236, Maryborough, Q. 4650 Telephone (071) 215737. Fax: (071) 23 1725. Quality guaranteed, boiled and limed. Ph neutral. Impurities removed, chunky, and long lasting. No need to soak in nutrients in Fungicides, it is ready for instant use. 4 grades available, single bags over 2cft. For more information call Saltwater Creek Nursery. Ph ' (071) 21 5737, or call your nearest agent, they will be glad to be of service to you. Dis- counts for quantity. ood PTY: L Lp. trading as Ss BEEN N ; Cymbidium mix using our No. 1 ues : NURS be grade. This can be used for Paphiopedilums, Soft Cane Dendrobiums and Oncidium Alliance. AGENTS: BLUE MOUNTAINS Valey Heights Orchids Farm Margaret & Dough Hall, 54 Great Westem Highway. Valley Heights. NSW2777. Ph (047) 51 5757. BRISBANE Humpybong Nursery, 38 Collins Steet, Woody Point, Qld. 4019. Ph (07) 284 3283. BRISBANE Cabbage Tree Orchids, Bill Twine, 3 Hickson Road, Deagon. (07) 269 8108. BRISBANE Graham & Mary Cook, 9 Eynsford St, Carina, Ph (07) 398 088s (a) 341 560 BRISBANE Viking Fence & Garden Supplies, (Graham & Bany) 108 Bay Ph (07) 203 3949. BUNDABERG. Noames Orchid Gympig, Ph (071) 82 2814. N ny Brea Rd, Carrara. Ph (075) 58 1861. ; Goodna Ph (07) 814 4833 HERVEY BAY Yallaroo Nursery, Pialba Ph (071) 28 1526 INGHAM Hilder's Toobanna Garden Centre, 18km South Bruce Highway. Ph (077) 77 2200. LISMORE Summertand Orchids . lle Ph (| NAMBOUR Graham & Bery! Robertson, Rd Nambour Ph (071) 42 1913 ROCKHAMPTON. Alan Stenlake, 59 Armstrong St North Rockhampton, 4700. Ph (079) 22 4636. SARINA Hanison Nursery Nase (Te) r) 2 Graham Street Sarina Ph (07) 958 2654. STANTHORPE Border Hills Orchid Road, Stanthorpe. Ph (076) 81 1386. SYDNEY Evelin Orchids, Car. Old Northem Rd & Laughtondale Gully Road, Maroota 2756. NSW. Ph (045) 66 8243. SYDNEY Green Acre Garden Centre, Cor Pandora St, & Juno Parade Green Acre, Sydney 2190.Ph (02) 750 8493. SYDNEY Sydney Orchids, 38 Engadine Avenue, Engadine Ph (02) 520 4830. SOUTH AUSTRALIA Bary Bailey, 5 Taunton Avenue, Enfield. 5085 Ph (08) 262 2620. TAMBOURINE, Tambourine Mountain Orchids, 158 Long Rd, Eagle Heights. Ph (075) 45 1303. TOOWOOMBA Forafest Orchids, Daring Stet, P.O. Box 7011, Toowoomba 4352. Ph (078) 30 1102 a (076) 34 2953 TUMBI UMBI Johnlan Orchids, John & Eleine Bodycoat, Lot 2, Hansens Rd, Tumbi Umbi. NSW 2261. Ph (043) 88 1755. TOWNSVILLE. Keiths Nursery, 26 Gorari St, Walia, Townsvile 4810. Ph (077) 78 2472 VICTORIA Collectors Comer Garden World. Springvale Road, a a Victoria 3173. Ph (03) 798 5845. VICTORIA Dingley Fem Market, 233 Centre Dandenong Road, Dingley, Victoria. 3172. Ph (03) 551 1868. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 ee ee SS The latest and the best Phalaenopsis from ABC Orchids, Taiwan for showbench and cut flowers Breeding Line and Flower Count can be verified on request. WHITE P. Winter Kaala & self Large and heavy textured flo y Valentine x Paifang Queen _ Commercial Flash apex 40 Plants (imported) Hobby Flask 20 to 30 Plants Community Pots 10 Plants (6 months) Large Single Plant Skyroad Freight for 3kg Cymbidium suave Cymbidium suave is the smallest of the three cymbidium species found growing in Australia and it differs from the other cymbidium species, namely, C)m- bidium madidum and Cymbidium canaliculatum in that it has no, or to say the least, very little pseudo bulbs, and as it grows it forms a long elongated stem. The base of which is covered with dead husks of the old leaves. The growth continues from the one stem over a period of years. New growth will also appear from around the base of the plant. These stems will vary from about 5cm to 35cm long because they are covered with the dead husks, they present an untidy appearance. The leaves of Cymbidium suave are very narrow or grass-like in appearance, very flexible and vary in length from about 15cm to 45cm. Each stem carries up to 15 leaves, which are generally a dark green colour. The flower racemes appear from the bottom leaves and are generally pendulous with numerous flowers, closely packed, slightly concave and ranging in colour from apple green, light green, golden green or brownish green and sometimes splashed with reddish patches. They vary greatly — on the south coast of NSW, in the Nowra district, flowers of Cymbidium suave are generaly of a brownish-green colour. The habitat of Cymbidium suave ranges from the south coast of NSW, north to northern Queensland. It is epiphytic and is generally found growing in hollows in its host tree. In the Nowra district, of southern NSW it is found growing in the open forest in or on hardwood trees (Eucalypts), sometimes growing into quite large clumps. It can be found growing in the stumps of felled trees, from a few feet above the ground to high in the branches of living and dead trees, 30 to 40 feet up. MINI CYMBIDIUMS from Queensland’s Gold Coast Specialists in miniature and intermediate cymbidiums including temperature tolerant varieties For list including our exclusive crosses pleasé send stamp to: Arundel Estate Orchids 5 Uplands Drive, Arundel, Gold Coast, Qld, 4214 Nursery open by appointment. Please phone (075) 94 6349 before calling We also find fine specimens, thriving on Melaleuca trees growing in swampy areas and along creeks. In the hardwood trees, especially the dead ones, the plant will send roots down through the dead centre of the tree and very often they will reach extraordinary lengths. On the Melaleuca trees, the roots penetrate under the paper-like bark for considerable distances. Propogation of the species is by the production of long adventitious growths which will produce a plant at each knot hole or crack in the tree trunk. 0 0 CULTIVATION | i 10 The general opinion among orchid 19 growers is that this species is hard to grow. It appears to thrive for a short time and then gradually die back. Personally I have, so far, had no bad results with the three plants I am growing. I also know of two large specimens, growing in the yard of a friend’s home, in the Jervis Bay area, that are at least 15 to 20 years old. They are growing in two old stumps and have been shifted at least twice into other locations which neces- sitated cutting the roots which penetrated into the ground below. I have three plants, one in astump about 1 metre long by about 20cm in diameter, the second in a stump about one-third of a metre long by about 25cm in diameter and the third in a terracotta pot, 225mm in diameter. Plant one was planted, as a single plant, in the stump about 7 years ago. Plant two was grown from two adventitious growths produced by plant three when it was in a plastic pot. This - plant is now about four years old. Plant... number three was purchased from a ~ nursery in the Wauchope district about six years ago. Its age I cannot guess — It was then in a 200mm plastic pot and it really needed repotting. eer eee —— iy : és t AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 og Alf Grady However this chore was delayed and the following year two new growths appeared through the drainage holes in the pot. Apparently the plant had sent down two adventitious growths which produced the new plants. At the time of repotting the plastic pot was cut to enable the two new growths to be removed without damage. They were then planted in the small hollow log. The parent plant I repotted in the terracotta pot. All three speciments are in good condition with new leads appearing in each. The compost used to grow this species consists of: approximately %4 rotted material from the centre of a fallen eucalypt tree; % fine charcoal; 4 fine pine bark; '%4 cymbidium compost (sawdust base). The plants are housed in the bush house under 50 per cent shade cloth and are watered only to keep them barely moist. Once a year I place a slow release fertilizer just under the surface of the compost and in the spring a little blood and bone is sprinkled around the plant. An occasional spray with malathion is all that is necessary to eradicate scale brought by ants @ Phalaenopsis Orchid Nursery Gold Coast Hinterland The Best of Both Worlds — Business + Family Lifestyle © Superb 50 sq “‘Old Warwick’’ sandstock brick home CLONING LABORATORIE 13A/3 Richard Close, North Rocks. NSW 2151 P.O. Box 337, Carlingford, NSW 2118 Telephone: (02) 630 1876 Independent Tissue Culture Laboratory Available for. @ Seed culture @ Mericloning @ Replating Confidentiality Assured Price List on Applicatio ay Two orchid houses, amenities and storage/packing shed ar © Luxury kitchen with European appliances included for the thriving Phalaenopsis business. © Tasmanian Oak feature ceilings ® Quality fittings and decor throughout ® Self-contained parental unit Investment opportunity with Japanese clients. CONTACT: IAN BROWN (075) 30 4400; a.h. 39 426: © 2.99 ha useable land, large creek frontage, town water Richardson & Wrench, Mudgeeraba, Qld ® 15 minutes to Gold Coast beaches AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 TAKE ONE DAY TO LEARN Basic orchid seed sowing Course geared for the Hobbyist in terms you can understand and with equipment you can afford. Included preparation of seed pod, sowing of seed in sterile media, transfer of already germi- nated seed to growing jar. Plant- ing out into community pot and its care. Morning tea/coffee with introductory lecture Lunch with- out any lecture, but this might be a good time to ask questions. Cost $50.00 per person, group of 4, $160,000. Write or phone for application form. We have a large range of Or- chids and with this course you will be shown our own laboratory and equipment. Our usual trading will continue as usual. Send 39¢ stamp for list, please phone before visiting. GROWING POINT NSY 12 ALA MONA RD, E KURRAJONG NSW 2758 TEL. (045) 73 1857 nursery 18 MACKINNEYS’ NGRSERY BRISBANE’S PREMIER ORCHID NURSERY Size B at $8.00 each: Or buy the ten for ONLY $65.00 Hawaiian release; gold with red labellum mackinneys 87 TURTON STREET, SUNNYBANK, QLD 4109 CLOSED SUNDAYS. PHONE: 345 1916 Cymbidium Peter Pan ‘Greensleeves ‘ R.W. Nicolle Cymbidium Peter Pan ‘Greensleeves’ (4N) is proving to be a most significant hybrid for extending the flowering time of Cymbidiums. C. Peter Pan is a hybrid produced by crossing the intermediate size, fragrant, Chinese species C. ensifolium with C. Miretta. This cross was probably first made back in the early 50s and was registered with the Royal Horticultural Society in 1957 by Dos Pueblos Orchid Company of California. C. Peter Pan was known to be a fragrant cross, however, C. Peter Pan ‘Greensleeves’, the most famous variety from the cross is not one of the more fragrant. C. Peter Pan ‘Greensleeves’ flowers in the Southern Hemisphere between early February and late May. It is a relatively vigorous variety with erect stems, a pleasing green colour and is often the only cymbidium in flower at that time of year. If you wanted to pick a bad point, it would probably be that the flowers do not last well when the spike is cut. M95 Lc. HERTHA ‘Wondabah’ AM/AOS Re-introduction of champion mauve M97 Bic. ORGLADES LOVER ‘Freya’ Dark red. (Lc. ROYAL EMPEROR x DINH THUY YEN) Mi11 Blc. GOLDEN MARINER ‘Sunnybank’ Bright yellow with heavy texture. (A HELEN BROWN cross) M131 Bic. GOLDEN MARINER ‘Roshni’ Similar to above — more colour in labellum Mi41 LcPIRATE KING ‘Port Wine’ Very dark exhibition purple M149 Bic. CHINESE BEAUTY ‘Chien-Chien’ Large splashed petals Mi56 Bic. EMPRESS WORSLEY ‘Roman Holiday’ HCC/AOS Light pink sepals; spotted dark mauve petals Mi60 Bic. MOUNT TRIUMPH ‘Wing Tip’ AM/AOS Excellent yellow with red tips on petals. M164 Bic. TOSHIE AOKIE ‘Pizazz’ AM/AOS Large yellow with red labellum and splashes M167 Bic. JANELLE TOKUNAGA ‘Pokai’ However, since there are no better cymbidiums flowering at that time of the year, it is hardly worth mentioning. Taking all of the features of C. Peter Pan ‘Greensleeves’ into account you could not be blamed for wondering why there was only one cross registered with C. Peter Pan as a parent during the twenty two years after 1979 (see table figure 1). The only cross made was by Rod McLellan Company of San Francisco in 1966, C. Peter Pan x C. Apollo = C. Peterpol. The reason for the lack of registrations was not lack of activity. I am sure hybridists all over the world were striving to produce hybrids with C. Peter Pan, however, in the diploid (2N) form which resulted from the Dos Pueblos cross, C. Peter Pan was very reluctant to breed. In the early 70s the colchicine induced tetraploid (4N) form of C Peter Pan ‘Greensleeves’ appeared and was found to be fertile. In 1979 the first crosses with C. Peter Pan ‘Greensleeves’ (4N) were registered: — x C. Peetie = C. Autumn Green by Kawano x C. Stanley Fouraker = Buttons by Santa Barbara x C. Sweet Spring = C. Jade Willow by Stewart Inc. In the years following until the present time there has been an avalanche of C. Peter Pan crosses with over 50 regis- trations. With these new crosses the hybridists have been rewarded with plants flowering between March and June in a wide range of colours, some with fragrance, some with long lasting blooms when cut and a small minority producing almost standard size blooms. The good characteristics of C. Peter Pan ‘Greensleeves’ have mostly been re- tained including a reasonable ability to flower in warmer climates. There are probably many more C. Peter Pan ‘Greensleeves’ (4N) hybrids in the pipeline that have not yet flowered and been registered. There is also a large number of second generation hybrids being made and already a few have been registered. These second generation hy- brids are still carrying through the attri- butes introduced by C. Peter Pan ‘Greensleeves’ (4N) and appear to have overcome the few minor problems. C. Peter Pan has been used in just one intergeneric cross. C. Peter Pan x Ansellia africana = Ansidium Magic Wand @ C. Princess AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 ( pus Peter Pan _ Hybrids ane oe Orchids POD PARENT ZONiRVENIRA REGISTRANT DATE MATANA_ VALLEY ORCH(O/U) MAY'86 PETERPAN Ss GEYSERLANDORC MAR $4 PEETIE == = ~~ KAWANO 1979 EXPERIENCED NORTHERN TERRITORY GROWERS OF LOWLAND TROPICAL ORCHIDS. eum KKK RK KK Intermediate Dendrobiums, JVB Vandas and vandaceous topcuts are our speciality. Send S.A.E. for price list. Location: Lot 31 Nottage Road, Bees Creek (34 km from Darwin on sealed PETERPAN ——-« GEYSERLANDORC.- MAY 85 roads). PETERPAN = GEYSERLANDORC MAY 85} | Postal Address: P.O. Box 633 alte a : San : ee Palmerston, N.T. 0831. P, ROWLAND’S ~ AUG 87 GYOKUCHIN ROD McLELLAN OCT 84 Telephone (089) 88 1004 PETER PAN GEYSERLANDORC MARS jonny Sa eer sue Proprietors: Lloyd & Win Kent “SLEEPING CASTLE VALLEY ORCHIDS DEC83 | GI A VALLEYORCHIDS DEC 83> ee ae VALLEY ORCHIDS Bankcard and Mastercard Welcome. alate Flee @} rod ay (ek eee GEYSERLAND OC a Tieprows —GAeataNBore ates | “Quone poate Rear KATYDID KAWANO eS MAR SS Strong plants from PERN hy vie a COLL y —AUGE small to PETER PAN —WHITCOMBEL&E — AUGST. flowering sizes R \ MAY Send 39¢ stamp for comprehensive listing. Tandara Orchid Nursery PO Box 235, Tolga, 4882 FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones NEW ORCHIDS Phalaenopsis top quality seedlings and NE W MANA GEMEN T : stem propagations ¢ O LD ADDRES Ss Paphiopedilum eee and primary EX McBEANS SITE _cattenes Sa tne ay 3 SHOP HOURS - FRI/SAT/SUN 10A.M. - 6P.M. sigs FREE LIST ON REQUEST. GRAYLANE ORCHIDS P.L. 256 Jasper Road, McKinnon Vic. Tel.: (03) 578 6182 PARADE ORCHIDS WIDE RANGE OF IMPORTED AND LOCAL CLONES AVAILABLE PO Box 11 Highbury, SEEDLINGS FROM THE WORLDS FOREMOST HYBRIDIZERS South Australia 5089 SEND 9 x 4 S.A.E. FOR NEW CATALOGUE LISTINGS. Phone: Nursery (08) 380 5142. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 14 Waratah Rd, Warrimoo, NSW Lower Blue Mountains Famous for its mild summer and moderate winter climate 5 einen Lucratwe nrith train to Sydney ' drive to Per and Fast 45 minutes & moo Statio to Warn © 7 ouvert oncHivs $240,000 This contemporary home features an open floor lan. A central skylight provides exceptional natural ighting and enhances the feeling of space. There are 3 bedrooms all with mirrored built-ins. The main bedroom features an unusual walk-in wardrobe and has a private courtyard with heated spa. The ‘L shaped lounge/dining room surrounds a cozy slow combustion heater. Kitchen includes dishwasher. It opens to a friendly family room which in turn opens to a sunny east side deck. Lock up double garage is attached to the main residence. Served by sewer and town water there are all city amenities in a parklike setting overlooking natural bushland, < o The current owners have turned their love or orchidsW. into a lucrative part time business. There are over 40 squares of fibreglass steel framed orchid houses. Included in the sale are 2,500 commercial cymbidiums in 6”, 8” and 10” pots. In addition there are 1,000 smaller seedlings. This location has proved itself to be highly suitable for growing commercial orchids. The business and buildings enjoy full council approval as a wholesale orchid nursery. This enterprise is currently viable part time and could easily be expanded to suit retiree enthusiast or investor. Rose * Sensation View INSPECTIONS BY APPOINTMENT (047) 34 2899 STANTON & TAYLOR (Penrith) PTY. LTD. (INCORPORATED IN NEW SOUTH WALES) 371 HIGH ST., PENRITH, N.S.W. 2750 D.X. 8056 PENRITH FAX: (047) 31 2353 REAL ESTATE, BUSINESS, STOCK AND STATION AGENTS, Ela PROPERTY MANAGERS, AUCTIONEERS, REGISTERED VALUERS Gyatri Barua, Mala Devi, P.C. Deka and P.K. Dutta Dept. of Plant Breeding and Gen- . etics Assam Agricultural University Jorhat 785 013, India Dept. of Plant Pathology As many as 990 species in 145 genera of orchids have so far been recorded in India (Jain, 1983). The north east of ~~ India is very rich in natural orchid flora | and more than 600 species have so far been reported. There are few reports on diseases of orchids (Butler and Bisby, 1960; Ponnapa, 1968; Duarte, 1972; Prakash and Singh, 1975; Ito and Aragaki, 1977; Roy and Barman, 1979; Roy, 1979). The present reports are new addition of orchid diseases recorded in north east India. Black spot of Arundina graminifolia Black spot disease on Arundina graminifolia was recorded in August 1986 at Dawki, Meghalaya, India. The disease appeared as black dots on the older leaves. The spot enlarges and develop into big spots with greyish centre, surrounded by black margin. In advance stages disintegration of the central tissue takes place. Enlarged spots measure 1-2cm. The casual organism was identified as Hendersonula toruloides Nathras and confirmed by CMI (Herb. IMI No. 2999880). Brown rot of Cymbidium longifolium. Brown rot of Cymbidium longifolium was observed at Digboi, Assam, India in July, 1986. Symptoms developed in chlorotic light brown patches on the leaves. In due course the patches coalesce and the whole leaf turn dark brown. The disease spreads rapidly and infects the stems. In very advanced stages the plant col- lapses. The casual organism was ident- ified as Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson and confirmed by CMI (Herb. IMI No. 299884). Brown spot disease of Dendrobium densiflorum. Brown spot disease of Dendrobium densiflorum was recorded in July 1986 at Arunachal Prodesh, India. The disease appeared as hay coloured ring-like spots of about 0.5 to 2mm in diameter on the upper surface of leaf. Leaves turn brownish gradually. In ad- vance stages spots coalesce to form large patches. The casual organism was ident- ified as Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler and confirmed by CMI (Herb. IMI No. 299885). fungus. Black spot disease of Dendrobium fimbriatum. Black spot disease on Dendrobium fimbriatum was recorded in March, 1986 at Darrang district, Assam, India. The disease appeared in black spots of about 1-2mm in diameter through the leaf randomly on both the surfaces. The leaf turns brownish and dried up in advance stages. Two organisms have been associated with this disease and were identified as (a) Fusarium pallidoroseum (Cooke) Sacc. (Herb. IMI No. 299886a) and (b) Curvularia affinis Beedijn (Herb. IMI No. 299886b). Acknowledgement Financial assistance received from the Department of Environment and Forest, Government of India in the form of a research project is thankfully achnowledged. @ References Butler, E. J. and G. R. Bisby. The fungi of India. I.C.A.R. New Delhi. 1960. Duarte, M. T. M. Orquidelogia 7:148-150. 1072. Ito, J. S. and M. Aragaki. Phytopathology 67:820-824. 1977. Jain, Sl. K. An outline. Bot. Surv. India, New Delhi. 1983. Ponnappa, K. M. Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci. B. 68:175-180. 1968. Prakash, B. and S. J. Singh. Ind. Phytopath. 28:265-266. 1975. Roy, A. K. and B. Barman. Ind. Phytopath. 32:621-622. 1979. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 A a Phytophera spp attacking a Cymbidium plant. Note area on pseudobulb infected with the __Dtps ZUMA WHITE PUFF Champ. Phalaenopsis Caloundra Show 1988 PARADE ORCHIDS as official agents for Zuma Canyon Orchids Inc., Malibu, U.S.A., stock a wide range of their Phalaenopsis plants and flasks. We can also import flasks, stem propogations and seed- ling community pots on your behalf. If you would like a on of ZUMA CANYON ORCHIDS INC. 1989 Phalaenopsis listings, please con- tact— PARADE ORCHIDS PO. Box 11 HIGHBURY S.A. 5089 Phone (08) 380 5142 21 | NEW HORIZONS IN HYBRIDISING _ STANDARD CYMBIDIUM SEEDLING FLASKS AND COMMUNITY POTS Flowering Price eeLiming! Code White _ Facy Free ‘Rotorua’ x Trigo Royale Cie June D _ Fancy Free ‘Rotorua’ x Palace Court‘Royal Blush’ JuneB Via del Playa ‘Yvonne’ x Fancy Free ‘Rotorua’ JulyD _ Via del Playa ‘Yvonne’ x ‘Charles Toovey ‘Princess _ Lauren’ July c Fancy Free ‘Rotorua’ x Charies Toovey ‘Princess Lauren’ | : July C i ‘Winter Wonder ‘Icicle’ x Fancy Free ‘Rotorua’ Pink Red Beaty: carmen! AN x Trige Royale lite Red Beauty‘Carmen’ 2N xRed Beauty‘Mieke’2N JuneA June ‘Ce July B | "Sept ae _ Via del Playa ‘Yvonne’ x Trigo Royale ‘C1’ Via del Playa ‘Yvonne’ x Fancy Free ‘Stanwell Cottage’ _ Robert Rowe ‘No 1’ x Lancashire Rose ‘Maureen’ 4N_ Yellow (Winter Wonder x (rarer) a uay x Trigo Royale ‘Sunny — Jun B (Coraki x Trigo. Royale) x Valley Angel ‘Foxfire’ June A _ (Winter Wonder x AUSTSES) ‘Neville’ x Coraki ‘Margaret’ 4N a) (Winter Wonder. x Angelica) x Wi nter Wonder x Lunara) om July A Yy (Valya_ Craig x Coraki 4N x winter wonder xe -Lunara) rs Sept A ‘Red, Orange and Sunset — ‘Red Beauty‘Carmen’ 4N xTrigo Rove SUnny. MayA (Coraki x Trigo Royale) AN x Red Beauty ‘Princes | Fredrcka’ 4N June D Red Beauty ‘Princes Henriette’ 2N x (Coraki x Trigo Royale) June A Red Beauty ‘Carmen! AN x wi nter Wonder x Angelica) Neville’ July D Red Beauty‘ Gamer} 4N x Robert Rowe‘No1’ JulyD _ (Wallacia x Terama) ‘Desert Fire’ x Lancashire Rose _ ‘Maureen’ 4N — July B (Yowie Flame x Sleeping Dream) x Claude: Pepper ‘Rotorua’; swale x Terama) ‘Desert Fire’ x Robert Rowe Sept B walya Craig x monte i) x Claude Pepper‘Rotorua’ SeptC PRICES — FLASKS CODE A $39.50 Reoris CODE Ci$59'50 Beane CODE D $69.50 Add $12.50 for packing and overnight delivery _ Flasks available for immediate delivery Flasks contain a minimum of 30 plants Please send payment with order — roryann age eencragon) xhancy hie ejRotorua! ~ (Olymilum x Pendragon) x Via del Playa‘Yvonee’ _ (Dolly x Alegria) x Palace Court ‘Royal Blush’ Pendragon ‘Broadmoor x Fancy Free ‘Stanwell Music Bak Dancer Dolly Alegria)‘Mt Everest oti Bae _ Music Box Dancer x Charles Toovey ‘Princess =“ yiewyib) July A : July A - CODE B $49.50 INTERMEDIATE CYMBIDIUM SEEDLING FLASKS AND COMMUNITY POTS Flowering Price Time Code April A May A JuneA JuneA JuneA White Everglades ‘White’ x Trigo Royale ‘C1’ Everglades ‘Pink Tower x Gardalvin ‘Tiny Cottge’ June A JulyA Lauren’ July A io Beate) < Charles joovey/iincess Lauren July A Pink” & Eyeglades Pink Tower X Red Beauty'Micke’ Everglades ‘Pink Tower x(Sue x Rincon) ‘Pink Orb’ MayA May A Everglades ‘Pink Tower x Pink Peach ‘Lollypop’ Allison Shaw ‘Valentine’ xTrigo Royale ‘Sunny (Dolly x Alegria) ‘Natalie’ x Red Beauty ‘Mieke’ AprilA ~ JuneA JuneA eiscy Saws yacitine.x(DolyxAegna) Natalie’ JulyA Yellow Elsie Sanderson ‘Fetherhill x(Valya Craig xCoraki) JulyA (Cariga xTom Thumb) 4N x(Valya Craig x Coraki) be Red, Orange and Sunset — JulyA Winter Fire ‘Satsuma’ x Red Beauty ‘Princes Caroline Kath Nicholson ‘Ginger x Red Beauty ‘Princes Fredericka’ 4N July C Claude Pepper ‘Orange’ x (Cariga x Tom punt) June A COMMUNITY POT PRICES 20 STURDY PLANTS 15 STURDY PLANTS 15 STURDY PLANTS Community pots available from April Add $12.50 for packing and overnight delivery. Plants sent bare root CODE A&B CODE GC CODE D $39.50 $39.50 $45.50 Fora detailed description of the above and other crosses, please write for our 16 page flask list. In addition to the crosses above we have over 100 cymbidium crosses in community pots, 3”, 5” and 7” pots featuring such parents as Maureen Grapes, Claude Pepper, Peter Pan ‘Greensleeves’ 4N Second generation Peter Pan hybrids, Sue ‘Waitohu’, Pink Peach, Fancy Free, Via del Playa, Rolling Stone, Summer Pearl, Winter Paradise, Coraki ‘Margaret’ 4N, Yowie Flame, Radiant Harry and Solana Rose. These crosses are available in small numbers, no listings are available and plants are available only by personal visit to the nursery. Phalaenopsis in flower are available most of the year. Nursery is open Friday 9-4 and Saturday 9.30-12.30. You are most welcome to call. Schaefers Orchids Neville & Judy Schaefer 80 Mansfield Rd Galston, NSW 2159 Telephone: (02) 653 1784 @ Fax (02) — THE CAIRNS ORCHID CONNECTION The last five years has seen a remark- able change in the Cairns Orchid Scene — new faces, new places, new inter- national airport with two flights a week to and from Honolulu and the US main- land, and soon to see a once weekly flight to and from Japan. The best time to visit is peak flowering, which is for the Autumn bloomers, the end of April and a month each side, and for the Spring Bloomers, that is the Phalaenopsis etc, the end of October and a month each side. The North Queensland Orchid Society, Cairns meets on the second Monday of each month, except January, at 8pm at the Cairns Education Centre on the corer of Lazarus and Morehead Street, Bungalow. The society conducts two shows each year — at Westcourt Shopping Plaze each Mothers Day weekend and at the Cairns Agricultural, Pastoral and Mining Association Annual Show in July. The Mareeba Orchid and Pot Plant Society usually hold their show on the weekend before Mothers Day. When in Cairns, the places to see orchids are: Roy Down (Nevins Nursery), a large commercial nursery, has mostly Cattleya seedlings to flowering plants and mericlones as well as some Phalaen- opsis and Dendrobiums etc. Lonnes commercial nursery specialis- ing in local and imported species from around the world, and hybrids. Limberlost commercial nursery, one of the first orchid nurseries in Cairns, has mostly foliage these days but still has quite a scattering of general orchids and imports. There are also many good sized private collections where it is possible to pur- chase surplus plants. David Hampton has a large collection of Cattleyas and some Phalaenopsis and Dendrobiums. Hugh Fisher also has a large collection of Cattleyas and Dendrobiums. Karen McFarlane has flasks and community pots. You can look at a few select collections but they do not like to part with their plants. Nick Linc has a nice collection of Dendrobiums with some very colourful crosses from the Latouria section and is well worth a visit. Kevin McFarlane has a select collec- tion of Dendrobiums, Phalaenopsis, Vandas and intergenerics. Jack Meade usually has plenty of orchids in bloom — Cattleyas and Dendrobiums. There are many others almost as large, enquiries should be made with your host about other collections in the immediate area. D’Bush commercial nursery is about a 40 minute drive up the Kuranda range towards Mareeba. They have mostly Dendrobiums, Mini-Dendrobiums, Cattleyas, Phalaenopsis and Vandas. They have created the interesting Den- drobium they call the “Pansy Orchid’’, as it closely resembles a Miltonia in shape — most unusual. Saturday morning is a special event at Rusty’s Bazaar, Sheridan Street, Cairns. You can see anything from nine to a dozen vendors selling orchids from 6am to midday. This is an exciting occasion as the orchid displays are scattered amongst dozens of other displays of fruit, vege- tables, craft, shellware, T-shirts — you name it! Bus loads of orchid enthusiasts ORCHID AUCTION APRIL 3RD, 1989 Adelaide Orchids Pty. Ltd. is moving to a smaller site at Woodcroft, South Australia, where they will specialise in Miscellaneous Orchids and some Cymbidiums. This means that much of the Cymbidium stock and plant of arguably Australia’s largest Orchid Nursery must be sold. Once in a generation does an opportunity arise to buy at auction outstanding export Cymbidiums, Showbench Plants, thousands of Flowering Sized Cymbidium Pot Plants, Glasshouses, Laboratory and Office Equipment, Flower Packing Equipment, Packing Sheds, many thousands of once only used Plastic Pots, almost 3 acres of 1” Galv. Piping Framed Shadehouse, Electric Pumps, Tanks and dozens of other items. AUCTION ON SITE AT Seedlings, Mericlones, Adelaide Orchids Briardale Road (off Sunvalley Road) O'Halloran Hill, South Australia Catalogues From KEARNS BROTHERS AUCTIONS PTY. LTD. 250 Prospect Road, Prospect, South Australia 5082 Phone Michael Jenkins (08) 269 5688 Fax (08) 269 1211 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 23 from as far as Mackay are becoming regular sights at Rusty’s. For out of town “The Orchid Circle” is strongly recommended, as almost any type of orchid can be seen during a leisurely 4% to 5 hours of driving time, allowing for stops. From Cairns, drive south on Highway One, turn right at Gordonvale on to the . Gillies Highway. Continue until the Little Mulgrave where you will see a sign Orchid Valley. This rather new estab- lishment has a beautiful garden setting that has been professionally landscaped. Susan and David Collier have two large orchid houses 200’ x30’ withoneopento the public. There are usually masses of orchids in bloom to choose from, mostly imported from Hawaii, Thailand and other countries. They are very helpful, if they do not have what you want they will endeavour to get it for you. . Return to the Gillies Highway and continue to Tinaroo Orchids approxi- mately a one hour drive from Orchid Valley. Gordon and Ray Matthews have a tourist establishment and have carried out a lot of improvements. Here you will see cold and warm growing{ orchids growing side by side. Phalaenopsis, Hard Cane and Soft Cane Dendrobiums, Miltonias, Paphiopedilums, Vandas etc. If you see something that catches your eye, do not be afraid to ask — they do sell. TOM HENRY PTY LTD ORCHID SPECIALISTS CYMBIDIUMS CATTLEYAS PAPHIOPEDILUMS PAPHIOPEDILUMS. Producing top blooms. Collection has been gath- ered over a period of 45 years. Few have been shown — many award and sro winners are amongst these plants. All plants - BLOOMING IZE Revelstoke ‘Maybrook’ V.A.R. ‘Chrome Beauty’ AM. Long Spikes — very large shapely blooms $125 24 pe Rouge ‘Cherry Ripe’ very good — name describes colour. Miraleste ‘White Cap’ A.M./A.0.S. could win any show. $250 Susan Tucker ‘Isobel’ lovely white — good reliable breeder. $50 Sarella ‘Honey’ large & round — Honey colour. $75 Colonist ‘Dave’. Top liner. Spotted on dark background. $80 Cattleyas B.L.C. Oconee ‘Menden Hall’ A.M./A.0.S. Show Winner — Deep red to purple. $70 . C. Tiffin Bells ‘Orchidglade’ A.M./A.O.S. Famous White. $55 L.C. Mem Dr Peng ‘Deep’ A.M./T.O.S. — Shapely red. $50 C. Gutta ‘Leopoldii — spotted xxx $60 L.C. Lisa Ann ‘Copper Empress’ A.M./A.0O.S. $65 ALL PLANTS ARE FLOWERING SIZE PO Box 71, 25 Ruskin Rowe, Avalon Beach, NSW 2107 Telephone: (02) 918 2504 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 A large and colourful group of Phalaenopis from the author’s collection = From Tinaroo it is just a half hour drive to Mareeba to visit Jim and Bev Allen. They have an interesting collection of standard and novelty Cattleyas. A three quarter hour drive out along the Cooktown road takes you to Maryfarms. Look for the sign on the right hand side of the road Lloyd McFarlanes Orchid Barn. Lloyd has converted tobacco curing barns into orchid seedling houses, and also has a 100’ x 30’ sarlon shade . house. The growing in this area is . different to the coast, it is approxi- mately 1200 feet above sea level and it is much drier. It is similar to the dry side of Hawaii, the Waianae area. This is the natural growing area of D. canaliculatum, D. biggibum, and Cym. canaliculatum. You can notice a difference in the growth pattern, the plants are more plump and tougher looking and the pigmentation of some plants is a burnt red colour. Recently a plant of D. tetragonum x D. Debbie McFarlane with 17 beautiful green blooms was very impressive. Lloyd says — “I only have one problem and that is trying to outgrow my old man — Kevin McFarlane.” From Maryfarms it is 1% hours drive back to Cairns. Return to the Cooktown road tumoff and tur left towards Julatten and follow this road down the Rex range and along the scenic Cook Highway to Cairns. Make one more stop on the way at Clifton Beach to see eee % ee ee ow (ito ae cs _ Semi-terete Ascocendas growing outdoors in Cairns Cairns Orchid Centre. George and Val Valmadre are very helpful and will offer you good advice. George is one of the newcomers on the orchid scene, but he is wasting no time in building up his nursery to be one of the largest in Cairns, con- centrating mainly on Dendrobiums but is also moving into Cattleyas. If you have not secured a unique, selected collection of plants by now you would be hard to please. Before visiting, a courtesy telephone call is always advisable especially to private growers as most of them work during the week. It would probably be a good idea to see the commercial growers during the week and the private growers at the weekend. Telephone numbers are: Roy Down Lonne’s Nursery Limberlost Nursery David Hampton Hugh Fisher Karen McFarlane Kevin McFarlane Jack Meade D’Bush Nursery Orchid Valley Tinaroo Orchids Jim & Bev Allen Lloyd McFarlane George & Val Valmadre Have a happy visit! (contributed by K. McFarlane) 54 1201 54 1746 55 1262 54 1660 54 4585 55 4751 53 1868 51 3432 93 7923 56 1727 95 8223 92 1064 94 3163 55 3224 as In September 1982 we made a most interesting cross of Lyc Koolena x } Maxillaria. There was very little seed in the pod and unfortunately only a few seedlings survived. Imagine our delight when in September last a spike appeared on one of the seedlings. We watched with great anticipation and at the end of the month the flower burst fully open overnight — an amazing gem! colour and shape — interesting! We believe this to be the first time a similar cross has been made in Australia. On checking the last two editions of Sander’s registrations only the name Maxillacaste was listed whereas in an \ earlier edition two registrations were recorded in 1974. The pollen has already beenused and we look forward to the next generation. A. F. W. and D. M. Alcorn. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW. FEBRUARY 1989 x, Mandurang ORCHID NURSERY Tannery Lane, Mandurang, Vic, 3551 (8 km from Bendigo) Telephone (054) 39 5273 5 CYMBIDIUM CLONES FOR $40 Plus $8 Freight by Skyroad Cym. Oriental Legend ‘Princess Rose’ Long spikes of soft pink miniature blooms. Cym. Bulbarrow ‘Friar Tuck’ Polychrome green/red intermediate with solid red lip. Suits hanging basket Cym. Mini Splendour ‘Red _| Dragon’ 4N Dark red miniature blooms in April and again in October. Cone Arunta ‘Will-O-Wisp’ wbench quality golden brown intermediate blooms. Cym. Yankalilla‘Mandurang’ Pure color green miniature flowers on long arching spikes. OPEN 9 AM — 5 PM WEDNESDAY TO SUNDAY PRICE LISTS AVAILABLE WON IT’S IN THE GENES Young Speakers at the 11th Aust. Conference How refreshing it was to hear two young Australian orchidists speak at the 11th Australian Conference at the Sydney Town Hall. On the first day we were able to hear the 23 year old David Banks speaking off the cuff with conviction knowledge and sound practical experience on _ hybridising with the Australian Native Dendrobium. While thé information was enlightening, one could not but wonder at so much information coming from one so young. But the Sydney growers were quick to point out that David had been involved with his family and orchids from birth and had his very own orchids from the age of five. It was in his genes. On the second day of the lectures it was my privilege and delight to introduce the first speaker of the day — Karen (McFarlane) Tickner. Like David, Karen most likely saw her first orchid as she looked up from the crib in hospital and smiled so disarmingly — who will forget that smile as Karen named her honeymoon party. =WYone Orcuip Nurseries ~ “W.S.W. Central Coast Orchid Specialists’ BURSTING INTO 1989 WITH A MULTITUDE OF As a new young speaker with a definite message Karen is the type of speaker that societies need to stimulate younger people to grow orchids. Her paper was compiled in association with her dad, Kevin, and was entitled “The pursuit of excellence in Hardcane Dendrobium breeding” Apart from some pre-starting nerves Karen presented the paper and handled the questions atthe end of the lecture like a veteran. The paper was well researched and supported with excellent slides and Karen certainly deserved the sustained applause. Again it was in the genes. At all orchid conferences their must be a place for scientific lectures. But let’s face it, the scientific lectures appeal to perhaps 5 to 10 per cent of the registrants while down to earth lectures with a definite message are appreciated by most registrants. Personally I hope to hearalotmore from David and Karen; and Auckland in 1990 would seem to be a must@ BRAND NEW RELEASES!! NEW!! HIGH COLOUR RANGE CYMBIDIUM CATALOGUE. NEW! TAMBORINE MOUNTAIN ORCHIDS CATALOGUE Available now, and packed full of beautiful new Cymbidium, Cattleyas, Dendrobium etc. PLUS! Plenty of goodies from our agencies for Wondabah Orchids and Down Under Native Orchids. AHUGE RANGE WHEN ONLY THE BEST WILL DO!! Personal attention and advice — Call or phone OPEN 7 DAYS Send 78¢ stamp for catalogues — Full mail or phone order credit card facilities. For Queensland cymbidium enthusiasts our agents are: TAMBORINE MOUNTAIN ORCHIDS, 158 Long Road, Eagle Heights, QLD. 4271 Phone (075) 45 1303 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 Wyone Orcuip Nurseries BASFORD ROAD, LAKE MUNMORAH, N.S.W. AUSTRALIA — TELEPHONE (043) 58 8563 weicomenere 26 35 Hardy's Road, Mudgeeraba Queensland 4213. Phone (075) 30 5193 “FOR QUALITY FLASKS CATTLEYA SEEDLINGS Polycarbonate commercial flasks 30 plants — $30.00 ea. Bc. Mount Anderson ‘Summit Snow’ x C.Ear| ‘Imperialis’ — whites Slc. Helen Veliz x Slc. Madge Fordyce ‘Fire Brigade’ — orange reds reds C. Porcia ‘Coerulea’ x Lc. Sierra Skies ‘Mariposa’ — blues C. Summer Stars ‘May’ x C. Queen Sirikit Diamond Crown’ — whites C. Penny Kuroda ‘Spots’ x Lc. Mishima Star (L. pumila hyb.) — Lav. flares Sic. Orglades Early Harvest x Bic Bouton D’Or ‘Halcyon — golds C.J.A. Carbone x Lc. Chit Chat — Lavender orange spring blooms L. crispata x Bc. Marblemount — unusual, perky pastels Lc. Persepolis ‘Spendor’ x Bic. Waikiki Sunset — orange bi-colours Bic. Bouton D’Or ‘Lewis’ x Slc. Hazel Boyd ‘Royal Scarlet’ — sunsets Lc. Gila Wilderness ‘Nippon Treasure’ x Lc. Scarlet Imp — Red flares Slc. Hazel Boyd ‘Royal Scarlet’ x Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine — scarlets C. venosa x C. granulosa — primary cross, yellow greens Lc. Scarlet Imp ‘Irene’ x Lc. Amberglow ‘Magnificent’ — gold purples Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x (C. Patross x Tiffin Bells) — huge lemons Blc. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x Bic. Sylvia Fry ‘Wallacia’ — large salmons Lc. Pirate King ‘Crimson Glory’ x Pot. Fortune Teller — red purples C. Penny Kuroda ‘Spots’ x Bic. Blumen Insel Jack Queen Aoki’ — rainbows MILTONIA/ONCIDCATTLEYA SEEDLINGS Polycarb commercial flasks — 30 plants — $30.00 ea. Miltassia Estrelita x Miltonia Anne Warne ‘Nuuanu’ Miltassia Estrelita x Miltonia Goodale Moir ‘Golden Wonder’ Miltonia bluntii x (Odtna.Glass Creek x Milt. clowesii) Miltonia (Purple Queen x Minas Gerais) x Milt. Tropic Dawn ‘Goldwing’ DENDROBIUM Polycarb commercial flasks — 30 plants — $30.00 ea. Den. John Kidnay x canaliculatum Den. Gloucester Sands — remake Den. (Ng Eng Chow x Mary Trouse) x canaliculatum Den. gracillicaule x speciosum ‘good yellow’ Den. tetragonum ‘Giganteum’ x Hastings Den. speciosum x falcorostrum Den. teretifolium x aemulum Den. speciosum Jullaten’ x Delicatum ‘Beaudesert’ Den. Susan x kingianum Den. kingianum ‘Dolly’ x falcorostrum PHALAENOPSIS Polycarb commercial flasks — 30 plants — $35.00 ea. Phal. Blanca Grande x Dawn Hunter — whites Phal. Winter Kaala x P. (Hamaoka x Mariposang Puti) — whites Phal. Texas Thunder x P. (Mount Kaala x Joseph Hampton) — whites Phal. Dawn Hunter x P. Gladys Read ‘Snow Queen’ — whites Dtps.Odoriko #102 x Phal. Gentle Thoughts — white/red lips Phal. California Glow x P Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ — pinks Phal. Sarah Loeb x P Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ — pinks Phal. Texas Thunder x P. (Doris Wells-Zauberrose x Comanche Rose) — whites Phal. (Lippestradt x Arai) x P (Winter Maiden x Mariposang Puti) — pale pinks P HOBBY FLASKS $15.00 ea. or 8 flasks delivered $115.00 Lc. Persepolis ‘Splendor’ x Bic. Waikiki Sunset ‘Brightest Orange’ Bc. Mount Anderson ‘Summit Snow’ x C. Earl ‘Imperialis’ — whites Bic. George King ‘Serendipity’ x Lc. Colorama ‘The Clawn’ — flares Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x Bic. Sylvia Fry ‘Wallacia’ C. intermedia alba ‘Casa Luna’ strain — species C. guttata alba x self — species L. pumila ‘Black Diamond’ — mericlone 4 plants Blc. Bouton D'Or ‘Lewis’ x SIc. Hazel Boyd ‘Royal Scarlet’ Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x Blc. (Tiara x Bouton D’or) C. Venosa x Granulosa — Primary Cross — Yellow Green Please allow substitutes: Add $10 freight for small orders. ENCLOSE 39¢ STAMP ONLY FOR RETAIL OR COMMERCIAL LISTS NEW ZEALAND: (09) 298 6619 MARBLE GARDENS, Park Estate Road, Papakura © Maxkecon)| PE BANKCARD — MASTERCARD — VISACARD WELCOME Ag sds Please supply your name, card number and expiry date. Closeup of the pouch of P. sanderianum showing the nectar droplets which are produced from within the pouch wall. CATS DENS VANDAS Healthy Husky Plants All Sizes to Flowering Size A 2” Pot to E Flowering FCOO6 = (M) Blc Dorcille Little ‘Calichan’ ABCD&E sizes. Full red, dark lip. B= $10. (M) Bic Lucky Strike ‘Mongtraku? C&DsizesShowpurple C=$15 FCO49_ Bic Rattanakosin ‘Green’ x Bic Envy‘Green’ B=$8,C=$10 ONCO001 Onc. Gower Ramsey. Branched spikes ofyellowblooms C=$10 (M) Den. Catawba. AB&C sizes. Long sprays of open black, red blooms. B=$10,C= $15 FDO36 D.YouppadeewanxD.MdmVipa. FC023 FDO16 Pink veining cerise throat C= $10. FVoo3_ =-V.Merv.L VeluthuisxV.Coerulea. C&D sizes. Semi terete white and green. Full shape. C= $10, D= $12. FVoo6 VV. Artchariya x V. Siam Ruby. BC&D sizes. Pink to red. C=$8, D= $10. FVo04 VV. Rungroent x V. Pimsai. Pink withredspots C=$8,D=$10 VIRGINIA TROPICAL GARDENS P.O. Box 85 Zillmere 4034 Qid Phone (07) 265 5555 Telex AA41215 Fax (07) 265 2768 — Full Plant List Available — 28 i The mechanics of pollination within the Genus Paphiopedilum have been little studied due mainly to the inacessibility and remoteness of the habitats. Dr J. Atwood of the Marie Selby Gardens studied Paphiopedilum rothschildianum inits habitat thus discovering that a species of syrphid fly was attracted by the staminode which resembled a colony of aphids on which the species lavae feed (known as Brood site deception). Not in any literature could I find any paphiopedilum which actually secreted nectar to enhance pollination. Paphio- pedilum sanderianum ‘istheonly species in this genus that I know of, that actually secretes nectar. The observations outlined below clearly place Paphiopedilum sanderianum as totally unique from the other members of the Genus. Ithas been a wellknown factthat Orchids have used visual and olfactory SN mechanisms to lure and deceive their pollinators, rarely if ever offering them any reward. Most insects view flowers only as a means of eliciting food. Paphiopedilum species have been studied mainly in cultivation and observation can be merely speculation, however, Ifeel that when supported with logical arguement, the actualities of the events are not as far fetched as first may have been thought. Paphiopedilum sanderianum is still very rare in cultivation and was only as recently as 1979 rediscovered. This is the major factor why the species has not been extensively studied. Observations have now been recorded on plants of this species, which reveal that the plant produces nectar from glands on the pouches’ outer surface to possibly aid in the luring or attraction of pollinators. (Kramer 1988). Why does this plant with equally as AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 The long petals of P. sanderianum possibly provide easy access of insects (particularly non flying types), to the nectar and pouch. The particular plant illustrated had petals 57cm long and four flowers. CHARM ORCHID NURSERY 11 GRANVILLE TCE, MARYBOROUGH Q, 4650 PHONE: (071) 21 5833. The staminode also shows the small bristle like hairs which may have the same attractive powers as has been noted with P. rothschildianum. Props: C & M Hausknecht. 30 years experience in Orchid culture. bizarre a colours as any oftheotherspecies in this genus (if not more so), require the Exclusive to Charm: additional aid of nectar producing glands. ea La, ” Asher has stated that the light intensity of “The Superior Parentages Cattleya Book No2 the area is extremely low, so visual attraction may only play a minor role in Top quality orchids imported from Hawaii ths SEE SEE EEE ee Seedlings to flowering size Cattleyas, oe ree ee fobs Cattletonias, Dendrobes, intergeneric crosses SEE SAI Gee @ Proven quality Instant Use Boiled Australian thought that moisture from misting had Pine Bark. Readily available in four grades fallen on the pouch so the droplets were meticulously dabbed off witha tissue. The $13 Bag. first reaction was that these droplets appeared slightly glutinous. On returning @ Wire H angers some three hours later the droplets mysteriously, teappeared. No) watering PLEASE SEND SAE FOR PRICE LISTS had been done in the interim and their reappearance had me completely puzzled. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 29 COLEMAN’S ORCHIDS (BRIAN & LORRAINE COLEMAN) Hardcane Dendrobiums and some Cattlevas From flask to flowering size We have taken over the Dendrobium and Cattleva stock from D’Bush Nursery and will continue to supply only top quality plants. Nursery Hours: Sunday to Thursday Friday and Saturday by arrangement. Flasking service also available. Please write for list. P.O. Box 57 Kuranda Old. 4872. PHONE (070) 93 7943 FRANK SLATTERY ORCHIDS OF MERIT 12 EDDYSTONE ROAD, BEXLEY, NSW 2207. PHONE 50 7985 (Off Stoney Creek Road, opposite Bexley Park) You are invited to call and inspect a large selection of various genera, including first class Cattleyas, Cymbidiums, Odontoglossums, Paphiopedilums, and all types of orchids suitable for bush and glasshouse. We publish regular listings of stock on hand — (Please enclose 60c for listings). “CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS, NAMES AND PARENTAGE”. New edition — complete to July 1983. Price $3.00 per copy plus 70c postage. Also new addendum July 1983 to December 1986. Price $2.50 posted. “THE NEW BOOK FOR ORCHID LOVERS” in colour. Price $5.00 per copy plus 90c postage. OPEN SEVEN DAYS WEEKLY We carry large stocks of all types of orchids suitable for shade and glasshouse culture. We also stock fertilizers, ready-mixed compost, all types of sprays including ‘Physan’, water brakes and extension handles, sphagnam moss (Tasmania) and Dundas sprinklers for watering and misting. ALUMINIUM GLASSHOUSE 3 TIER BENCH i] ) Knitted Shadecloth e Giasenotices ® Fibreglass @ Shadehouses © Water pipe @ Plant benches ® Downee fittings ® Barrows ® Glasshouse paint e Trolleys ® Glazing bars ® Propagation trays © Horticultural Glass @ Potting trays © Solarweave & © Weed control mat Visqueen Plastic films SHADEHOUSE Phone or Write for FREE Catalogue A.D. SPRING MFG. °"’- 154 BELLEVUE PARADE, CARLTON, N.S.W. 2218 RECO, J 0, Sy S ALL PHONE ENQUIRIES (02) 5461376 @ (02) 546 7807 30 The plant was then moved to a completely dry room and again the droplets were removed. A steady current of air was blown at the plant and inspected the next morning to again reveal the same mass of droplets. This totally dismissed the thought that the moisture came from misting. The same incredible observations were made on the successive three flowers again only in evidence after the flower had been open for about three days. Later experiments were then conducted to see if this moisture was attractive to ants which I thought would be the most likely pollinator. A species of Australian sugar ant was used and allowed to travel up the petals to the pouch which they did with ease and immediately took to the droplets. As water does nothave the same attractive powers to these insects as does nectar, one can completely discount the former. The kind of insects that are actually the pollinator of Paphiopedilum sanderianum may be a composite of species. The bizarre colour combinations would stimulate species which have a keen eyesight, which definately rules out ants, however, the nectar which has a sweet taste would favour either bees, flies or ants. Obviously the plant has evolved this additional syndrome (apart from the gaudy colour scheme), to maximise pollination in the minimum time period. The nectar itself is worth comment and later considerable chemical analysis will be carried out in determining both the composition of the nectar and also why the pouch doesn’t rot when approxi- mately40 per centofits surface is covered most of its open days. As most Paph growers have seen even small droplets of water can cause surface damage and at worst start major rotting of the complete pouch. This was the most remarkable factor of the nectar. Nature would not have a plant evolve a substance which would damage the only receptacle which: would house the pollinator, andy. eventually guide it to the pollinia. To add further emphasis to my previously held belief that the nectar was only a pollinator attractant, shortly after the flower was pollinated the nectar supply dried up within 36 hours. Those flowers that remained unpollinated con- tinued to exude the nectar. These observations, I believe, show that Paphiopedilum sanderianum is the only Paphiopedilum species so far discovered, which actually has nectar producing glands within the pouch wall, and in fact the only nectar producing Paphiope- _dilum known. Again I strongly believe that with further studies in the field the exact pollinators will also be re- vealed. @ Wilton Paphiopedilum Research Collection, P.O. Box 19 Wilton 2571 NSW. _ AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 we A TABLE OF ORCHID SEED — CAPSULE AGES } Part Two — Xotic Species and Hybrids This table should be read in conjunction with the text of Part One (AOR Autumn ’88) ALAN ENGLERT BRAZILIAN ORCHIDS AND BROMELIADS | Plants and Seeds AGE-DAYS pays TO GERMINATION| AGE-DAYS MMATURE SEED- | RIPE (SPLIT) CAPSULES CAPSULES Aerides spp. & Hybrids Aerides fieldingii x self Anselli spp. & hybrids Ascocenda hybrids Ascocentrum spp. & hybrids Brassavola cucullata Brassavola nodosa Brassia spp. & hybrids Broughtonia spp. & hybrids Broughtonia sanguinea x Enc. vitellinum Bulbophyllum spp Chysis spp Cirrhopetalum spp Cirrhopetalum gusdorfii x self Cirrhopetalum rothschildiana x self Coelogyne fragrans x self Cymbidium hybrids Cyrtopodium spp Dendrobium aureum x self Dendrobium bigibbum v. bigibbum x self Dendrobium bigibbum v. phalaenopsis & hybrids. . . Dendrobium chrysotoxum x chrysotoxum Dendrobium devonianum Dendrobium gouldii x phalaenopsis Dendrobium (Kultana x bigibbum) x bigibbum ... Dendrobium Lady Hay x self Dendrobium lituiflorum Dendrobium moschatum x suavissimum Dendrobium nobile & hybrids . Dendrobium pierardii & pendulous spp Dendrobium stratiotes Dendrobium superbiens & hybrids Dendrobium superbum & hybrids Dendrobium (taurinum x tokai) x undulatum x gouldii . Doritaenopsis hybrids Doritis pulcherrima Encyclia attropurpureum Encyclia cochleatum x self Encyclia faustum x self Encyclia faustum x tripunctata Encyclia hanburyi x nemorale Encyclia hanburyi x prismatocarpum Encyclia mariae x Rhyncolaelia digbyana Encyclia mariae x mariae Encyclia mariae x S.L. Marriottiana Encyclia nemorale x C. bowringiana Encyclia nemorale x(L. Coronet x L.C. Fiery).... Encyelia nemorale x (C. loddigesii x L.C. Fiery) .. Encyclia nemorale x mariae Encyclia pentotes x self Encyclia prismatocarpum x radiatum Encyclia prismatocarpum x self Encyclia radiatum x self Encyclia radiatum x self Encyclia tampense Encyclia vitellinum x self Ephemerantha comata x self Epicattleya & hybrids Epidendrum spp. & hybrids Epidendrum cooperianum x self Epidendrum psuedepidendrum Epidendrum stamfordianum x self Galeandra baueri x self Laelia anceps Laelia cinnabarina Laelia flava Laelia gouldiana x self Laelia gouldiana x self Laelia harpophylla Laelia milleri x self Laelia perrinnii Laelia purpurata Laelia purpurata x self Laelia rebescens Laelia sincorana x self..........0002eecee cues Laelia tenebrosa x self Laelia xanthina 150-180 150-180 120-190 140-180 140-180 140-180 370 220-300 150-270 207 120-150 160-250 55-60 89 160-250 167 200-220 180-210 150-200 160-250 160-250 120-150 90 120-150 110-120 110-120 124 110-120 120-180 120-180 120-150 219 120-180 86 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 PK PD dra eb be Do bean oo N Caf sh i tr okh th th 4h oy ahedr Gen Gh 4b 4 _ b N Paya tf ood SPF iS) CATALOG No. 80 offers around 3,000 true-to-name different ORCHIDS and BROMELIADS, and _ con- tains nearly 400 illus- trations (also in colour), will be sent for US$5.00 by air mail. Payments exclus- ively by cash, or cheque payable in NEW YORK, by any bank. We supply also seeds of PHILODENDRUM, PALMS AND OTHER FOLI- AGE PLANTS AND HAVE GUARANTEED SINCE 1906 our products. ALVIM SEIDEL Orquideario Catarinense PO Box 1, 89280 CORUPA, Sta. Catarina, Brazil. ORCHIDGLEN NURSERY $14.00 $12.00 $16.00 $27.00 $15.00 $12.00 N.FS. $18.00 $12.00 Paph. villosum Paph. concolor Paph. Godefroyae Paph. micranthum Miltonia bluntii Encyclia ciliolare Vanda coerulea Asctm curvifolium For Skyroad delivery add $9.00 Price list available S.A.E. Orders over $150 — attract 10% | discount and free Skyroad delivery ORCHIDGLEN NURSERY PRO. Box 213, WYNNUM Q 4178 Open Sat & Sun 8am to 4pm PH (07) 390 7742 for appointments 31 Cattleya Mericlone Flask (30-40 plants/per flask) SM214 _ Slc. Precious Stones “True Beauty” AM/AOS us$! oe : $M220 __BIc. Malworth Sunset “Orchidglade” uSS$é C. NETRASIRI BEAUTY SM222 _— Pot. Fuchsia Fantasy “Orchidglade” AM/AOS ussé SM223 _Lctna. Roye Field “Caesar's Creek” AM/AOS USSé SM248 _ Lc. Yung Hwa “Venus” AM/AOS-OSROC uss$é Blc. Honolulu Sunset “Waikida”’ us$® Blc. Gold of Tainan “South Green” AM/RHS us$$ Slc. Pumpkin Festival “Cheng Ching” AM/OSROC us$é Lc. Rosina Richardson “Sun Moon Beauty” us$it Blc. Owen Holmes “Tainan Beauty” us$! Blc. (Yellow Peril x Malworth) “Sun Moon Beauty” us$! Blc. Chinese Beauty “Miss Universe” us$5 Slc. Golden Wax “Wu” us$5 Blc. Toshie Aoki “Pizazz” AM/AOS us$4 Blc. Edisto “Red Fantasy” us$6 ee Hasegawaara Scully's Tipperary “The Queen” uss? Ble. Z SM294_ _—sCBBIc. Rattanakosin “Wu” USS x Siinsstbay aration SM298 Slc. Wendy’s Valentine “June” us$4 SM300 _ Bic. (Pirate King x Purple Ruby) “Tainan Beauty” us$7 SM302_ _—sCiBIc. Angkinantana “Tainan Beauty” us$o SM304 _— Bic. Bold Ruler “Shonan” us$5 SM305__C. Califlora “Z1030” us$* SM309 _Lc. Men Sangah Chit “Yen” us$5 SM310 _Blc. Dawson City “Mendenhall” us$5 SM311 _ Bic. (Chine x Fortune) “Sun Moon Beauty” AM/OSROC us$* SM313 _— Pot. Alyce Kaiser “Orchid Center” us$ 6 SM314 _ Bic. Frank Fordyce “Borneo Gal” - ysss SM318 _ Bic. [(Yellow Peril x Malworth) x Sunset Bay] “Tainan usg10 Beauty” i Al SM361__ Bic. Irquois Trail “Midfarm” FCC/AOS us$4 Blc. Chinese Beauty SM377 Blc. Owen Holmes “Black Pearl” us$ 7! “Miss Universe” Discounts: Over US$ 500...........ccccccovvsseeeoees paettetsee Less 10% Over US$1,000 ...........ccccccccccscccsscsvcccsccee .. Less 15% Special offer: Complete set of above 30 varieties for US$1,400. Please send US$3.00 for latest catalog. Australian & New Zealand Agents wanted. Please contact us for further details. P.O. Box 32, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic China Tel: (06) 235 0691 Fax: (06) 236 8811 Blc Rattanakosin “Nonelik” AM/CST 32 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 198 a A TABLE OF ORCHID SEED — CAPSULE AGES Part Two — Xotic Species and Hybrids AT LAST Unbreakable vented polycarbonate containers for Orchid Flasking and Tissue Culture. They are time and money saving and made in two sizes 250ml & 500ml. IMMATURE SEED- | RIPE (SPLIT) CAPSULES CAPSULES AGE -DAYS pays To AGE — DAYS GERMINATION Leptotes bicolor x self Leptotes unicolor x self 185 Lycasta edeneniensis x self - Maxillaris spp 120-140 Miltonia spp. & hybrids 120-140 Miltonia spectabilis x self mi P & O P MAY Ne tia falcat If 3 ° a. ci itel ae leaiapx se 80-140 6 Graham Street, WINDSOR 4030 Odontoglossum spp. & hybrids 3 a Odontoglossum pulchellum x self 196 Brisbane. Phone (07) 857 5844 Oncidium altissium 110-140 Oncidium buhamense ... - 65-70 Oncidium baueri nen 110-140 Oncidium carthagenense 180-240 Oncidium cavendishianum ... 180-240 110-130 90-105 Oncidium flexuosum 110-140 Oncidium jonesianum 110-130 Oncidium kramerianum 90-120 Oncidium lanceanum 180-240 Oncidium leucochilum 110-140 Oncidium limminghei 90-120 Oncidium lucayanum 65-70 Oncidium luridum 150-180 Oncidium maculatum 110-140 Oncidium microchilum 130-170 Oncidium papilio 90-120 Oncidium pubes x Rodrigueziella gomesioides ... = Oncidium pulchellum 65-70 Oncidium retermeyerianum 180-240 Oncidium sanderae 90-120 Oncidium sphacelatum & hybrids 120-140 Oncidium splendidum 130-170 Oncidium stipitatum 110-130 Oncidium teres 110-130 Oncidium tetrapetalum 65-70 Oncidium triquetrum & hybrids 150 Oncidium urophyllum 65-70 Oncidium variegatum 65-70 Orchis morio 25-40 Paphiopedilum spp 240-300 Paphiopedilum insigne v. albomarginatum x self... “ Phaius spp. & hybrids 120-150 Phaius tancarvilliae x self ABE Phalaenopsis spp. & hybrids Pleurothallis ghiesbreghtiana x self ... Renanthera spp. & hybrids Renanthera R.B. Chandler 70-75 Rhynoclaelia spp. & hybrids 120-180 Oncidium spp. & hybrids 150-250 Rhyncostylis gigantea x Renanstylis Azimah ... 446 Rodriguezia spp. & hybrids ............4.0005 110-130 Rodrigueziella gomesioides X Oncidium pubes... 158 Rodrigueziella gomesioides X Oncidium pubes... . Schomburgkia spp. & hybrids .. 120 Sophronitis spp. & hybrids ne hy 75-100 Sophronitis brevipedunculata x self ... i Poes 138 Sophronitis cernua x self = Vanda burgefii 710-75 Vanda (deari x sanderiana) x V. suavis 710-75 Vanda Margaret Foster 710-75 Vanda hybrids 150-195 Vanda Helen Paoa 5B 710-75 Vanda luzonica x sanderiana ... 5 70-15 Vanda Patricia Lee x self 120-150 Vanda Patricia Lee x Ascda. Mem. Jim Wilkins... 90-150 Vanda species 150-195 Vandopsis spp. & hybrids 160-180 Warscewiczella discolour x self... Ame = Xylobium squalens x self .. 143 Xylobium squalens x self - Zygopetalum mackayii x self 223 Available from: LUGARNO ORCHID CO PTY LTD Proprietor: B.C. & J.E. Schwartz 1178 Forest Road, Lugarno 2210 Phone 53 9708 MERICLONES Cymbidiums — Cattleyas Miniature Cymbidiums — Dendrobiums DIVISIONS Cattleyas — Cymbidiums — Paphs Phalaenopsis — Japanese Dendrobiums Limited No. of Community Pots of 9 Cattleyas — 12 Plants 8 $40.00 Per Pot. 110-120 150-180 LARGE STOCKS OF PHALAENOPSIS AND CATTLEYA COMBPOTS. Sylvia Fry crosses available, also large range of Cattleya Seedlings designed to give Award Shape and Colour Expectancy. ORCHID NURSERY 38 Collins Street, Woody Point Queensland 4019 Phone (07) 284 3283 PHALAENOPSIS — CATTLEYA — DENDROBIUM & OTHERS Large stocks of HOBBY FLASKS, COMMERCIAL FLASKS & PLANTS. Our stock is mainly produced from imported mother flasks. Please send a 39c stamp for lists. Please Note Nursery Closed During July, No orders will be despatched Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday & Saturday —9 am to 5pm. Sunday 10 am to3 pm Closed All Day Wednesday . REFERENCES Arditti, J. “Orchid Biology — Reviews & perspectives — Vol. 2”; Condon, S. — Personal communication: (Also personal experience). Reprinted from Orchid Biology — Reviews and Perspectives Volume 2. — Editor Joseph Arditii. © 1982 Cornell University Press — Used by permission of the publisher. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 22 ORCHIDACEOUS Specialist supplier of ORCHID BOOKS & GIFT LINES featuring ORCHIDS Write now for your free catalogue: ORCHIDACEOUS P.O. Box 378, Alstonville N.SW. 2477 Barbara Mullins Margaret Martin 36 pages Soft Cover Reprinted 1988. RRP $8.95 Available Angus and Robertson This book contains more than 60 colour photographs of various terrestrial and epiphytic Australian Native orchids. The descriptive test is simplified and very easy to read without a large amount of technical data The Cultivation note are simplified to the barest minimum, no propagation notes are included. The book would be very useful for the beginner and could be used to identify the more commonly grown species. The Orchid Growers Manual SHOWROOM Suife 2, Colonial Building, Main St, Alstonville N.SW. 2477 (Viewing by Appointment) Phone (066) 28 1438 ORCHID BOOKS Send for FREE descrip- tive list of more than 425 currently available Orchid books...sent surface mail, anywhere in the world, postpaid!! 4 Gordon C. Morrison Hard cover 247 pages RRP $29.95. A very useful book for those orchid growers who wish to understand the KEITHS NURSERY FOR SPECIES AND HYBRID ORCHIDS IMPORTERS OF FINE STOCK NOW AVAILABLE M/C. Aranda Noorah Alsagoff (flowering size, bluish mauve) $25.00 10cm pot V. J.V.B. x ASCO. YELLOW PACIFIC (yellow & orange) $5.50 10cm pot V. J.V.B. x V. FAYE BENNETT (bluish pink) $5.50 10cm pot V. J.V.B. x V. FUCH’S DELIGHT (yellowish pink) $6.50 PLEASE NOTE OUR NEW ADDRESS AND TELEPHONE NUMBER. SEND SAE NOW FOR OUR LATEST CATALOGUE Bankcard, Visa and Mastercard Welcome Oonoonba Road, Idalia Estate, Townsville, 4811. Telephone (077) 78 1329, After Hours (077) 78 2472 TAIDA HORTICULTURAL CO. LTD. TEL: (048) 52 4042/52 7335 FAX: (048) 52 7682 GOOD QUALITY AT A REASONABLE PRICE!! TAIDA ORCHIDS © Phalaenopsis * Cattleya * Dendrobium * Paphiopedilum All species from flask to flowering size, specially for cut flowers. FREE CATALOGUE AVAILABLE ON REQUEST!!! ian ae No. 100. Sec. 3, Chung Shan Rd., Da Tsun 51506 Chang Hwa, TaiwanR.O.C. | (oA Bundall Qld 4217 by AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 Australian Orchids _BOOK REVIEW reasons why we carry out many of the growing techniques in orchid culture. The book contains basic information which can be applied in the climatic zone in which the grower is resident. Topics covered are basic measurement, classification and nomenclature, chem- istry, orchid structure and function, Solar Radiation, Plant climate relation- ships, Solar Movement, Orchid nu- trition, Photosynthesis, Respiration, Genetics and Experimental method. Although it does not contain the usual photographs of orchids and culture etc, it would be invaluable to the thinking orchid grower who wishes to improve the conditions under which orchids are grown. An Introduction To The Orchids of Asia Mark L. Williams Hard cover 261 pp. RRP $37.95 Published by Angus & Robertson 1/988 An attempt is made to represent as many genera as possible in this book. The colour photographs, especially those showing the plant growing in situ enhance their value to the species orchid grower. Be careful using the photograph for identification as the one representing Paph insigne is not, it is probably a primary hybrid, this mistake also ap- pears on the jacket cover. The text contains valuable information on the plants described. This informa- tion would be more valuable if the text ° stated epiphyte or lithophyte in habit,~-., with information on temperature ranges, rainfall and whether a wet and dry season is experienced. A very interesting section of the book is that on plant diagrams where each species described is represented on a graphed page to show the relative sizes between plants. A good volume for those orchid growers who require information in an easily obtainable form. A new edition of A Guide to Growing Orchids on the Gold Coast is now available. Priced at $7.95 collected $10.00 posted. Can be obtained from Southport & District Orchid Society Inc | COLLECTORS CORNER GARDEN WORLD The first complex of its kind in the world is now near completion. Collectors Corner is not a general retail nursery. It is a place for the hobbyist and general public to see and admire a range of items not available or displayed anywhere else in Australia. In every nook and cranny you will find something unique or unusual e.g. 50,000,000 year old fish fossils to 60kg Amethyst Geods or tiny Masdevalias to 200 kg cacti. Collectors Corner is constantly growing. As we improve in Knowledge so improves our stock range. We now stock extremely comprehensive ranges of cacti and succulents, carnivorous plants, bromeliads and tillandsias, orchids of all shapes, sizes and descriptions, orchid mixes and potting aids, bonsai, bonsai pots and tools, horticultural books, sea shells, fossils, gems and minerals. Collectors Corner has now created Orchid World as a one stop orchid center where all your Orchid needs are available under one roof. We have excellent stocks of all forms of orchids from seedlings to mericlones. We always have an impressive display of flowering plants for sale. This month’s special is Valley Orchids’ Cymbidium Mericlones tubes at $8.50 each. We have on staff three of yictoraig best Orchid specialists to answer any questions you may ave. A visit to Collectors Corner is well worth the effort even just to browse. GARDEN WORLD SPRINGVALE ROAD, KEYSBOROUGH, 3173 1 mL@)N =i (Ok) Acts itolsraz0) AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 25 Yamamoto DENDROBIUMS World’s Finest Orchids The best range of Soft Cane Dendrobiums ever!!! COLOUR SPECTACULAR Make an appointment to visit our nursery at Lot7 Hearns Lake Road, Woolgoolga during flowering time. YAMAMOTO DENDROBIUMS are easy to grow and flower in a wide range of climates (satisfied customers from Northern Queensland to Tasmania and Western Australia). Amazing colour range. Long-lasting blooms. Not expensive. Small plants from $8.00 grow to large plants quickly. Large from $18.00. Detailed growing indstructions and friendly, helpful advice always available. Varieties to suit all tastes whether growing for show or jut pleasure. Our plants are winning championships all over the country including Champion Dendrobium Orchid Expo 88 at Caloundra and Champion Dendrobium 11th Australian Orchid Conference in Sydney. Gift Vouchers Also Available If you are not already on our mailing list SEND S.A. E. FOR DESCRIPTIVE LIST OR PHONE: BANANACOAST ORCHIDS PO BOX 1528, COFFS HARBOUR, NSW 2450 PHONE (066) 54 1183 AT (5 DINGLEY FERN MARKET WE DO NOT GROW ORCHIDS WE DO NOT EVEN PRETEND TO GROW ORCHIDS NO BULL BUT “BOY” DO WE EVER SELL ORCHIDS Our team of dedicated professionals buy the best available orchids from some of the top breeders and growers in Australia on a weekly basis. This ensures that there is always fresh, interesting, new stock on hand. Unfortunately, due to our rapid stock turnover, we are unable to produce lists or mail order. if YOU would like to become one of our prestigious suppliers, please contact us. SO PAY US A VISIT AT: SOLE VICTORIAN AGENT — 239 Cente Dandenong Roe Se Dingley, Vic. (Opp. Howard Rd) ! Orchids International Open Daily 8 am — 5.30 pm SOLE MELBOURNE AGENT — OaST Mills Orchid Nursery (S.A) we VICTORIAN AGENT — Graylane Orchids Bananacoast Orchids Aussie Bark 36 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 eee Within the production of hybrids in the Cattleya Alliance appearing at an ever increasing rate not only is it becoming impossible to predict what a particular intergeneric hybrid cross will possibly look like but it is also becoming difficult to know what genera (group) have been used to produce the intergeneric cross. It used to be rather simple, once one understood the process to know that, for instance if a Laelia and a Cattleya were crossed that the resulting intergeneric hybrid belonged to the Laeliocattleya group (abbreviation Lc.) However when we consider a complex intergeneric cross like a Hasegawaara (abbreviation Hasgw.) which involves the crossing of five different genera, things are no longer as simple as they used to be. The five genera involved in producing a Hasegawaara are: Brassavola x Broughtonia x Cattleya x Laelia x Sophronitis. Simplified it could be a Potinara x Broughtonia. By ‘‘generic’? names we speak of which “‘genus’’, or group, particular orchids belong to e.g. the five genera (groups) listed previously which made up the intergeneric combination known as Hasegawaara. When we look at a price list or a name tag, the group to which that plant belongs is shown first, e.g. a Capital C. followed by a full stop signifies that the plant belongs to the Cattleya genus or group. It could be either a species or a hybrid. If the name of the plant is shown correctly and it is a species the name would be printed in small letters (lower case) e.g. if the name tag shows C. bowringiana ‘Purple King’ we know the plant is Cattleya bowringiana, which is a species of the Cattleya genus or group and the name ‘Purple King’ in inverted comas after the name of the plant shows us that “Purple King’ is the cultivar epithet of Cattleya bowringiana. On the other hand if the name tag shows C. Bob Betts ‘York’ — M/C we know the plant is the Cattleya genus, the name Bob Betts because it is not written in all lower case letters shows us the plant is a hybrid. The word ‘York’ in inverted commas shows us that that plant is cultivar or variety ‘York’ of C. Bob Betts. The M/C shown after the variety name shows us the plant is a mericlone or a meristem, and suggest this plant will flower identical to the plant of C. Bob Betts ‘York’ the meristematie tissue of the cultivar hav- ing been used to produce these plants, thus the name. C. Bob Betts is a hybrid produced as the result of crossing C. Bow Bells and C. mossiae. Some growers show the parents of the plant on the name tag as well. It is also a common practice although not technically correct to use the abbreviation of Cat. instead of just the letter C. for the abbreviation for Cattleya. For those not familiar with the names of intergeneric crosses of the Cattleya alliance I think we should start with the four best known genera. (Genus is singular and genera plural e.g. Cattleya is a genus but Cattleya and Laelia are genera.) The four best known genera and to understand intergeneric crosses it is imperative to know these genera and the abbreviation for each genus. These four genera are natural occuring genera. (1) Brassavola — abbreviation is B. (Best known species in the Brassavola genus are perhaps B. digbyana and B. nodosa.) Whenever there is a B. in- @ Don't be frustrated If your glasshouse Isn't giving the results you want. Contact the glasshouse control professionals at DAPro and let UF o] Eh fo) 8 Mo) ati dal-Wid lela hand g-lel ko ol-|nt-lelu growing conditions. All our units are easy to Install and can be fitted by the home handyman with no electrician bal ={=[o (=[o OUR UNITS ARE: @ ENVIROTROL | Provides precise year round glasshouse iX-lanlol-\e-lqulq-Wete)ohdwo) mUCylalem lal->del-tatyii-ololeal=\yu Lele) e) | Flalea=cy - @ ENVIROTROL Ill All the features of the ENVIROTROL | plus cluded in intergeneric name of an orchid we know that the genus Brassavola is included in the crosses which made the plant in question. Remember B. means Brassavola. (2) Cattleya — abbreviation is C. (There are many well known species of this genus e.g. C. aclandiae, C. amethystoglossa, C. aurantiaca, C. granulosa, & intermedia, Gs walkeriana and many others. Whenever we see the letter C. in an intergeneric name we know that the genus Cattleya is included in the crosses which made the plant in question. Remember C. means Cattleya. (3) Laelia — abbreviation is L. Some of the better known species of this genus are L. pumila, L. purpurata, L. milleri, L. tenebrosa. Whenever we see the letter L. in an intergeneric name we know that the genus Laelia is included in the cross which made the plant in question. Remember L. means Laelia. (4) Sophronitis — abbreviation is Soph. Some of the better known species = (e) =] — eon F-Yolo [Soff dole} mt olofe) Tate f(elelayage) ince)malolerivinateat-1a ee) ale) tale) ate .@) @ ENVIROTROL IV All the features of the ENVIROTROL III plus (ade Wellidelti ance le) eldtenlx-naliianl(eltamaelarage) @ AUTOVENT | Give completely automatic glasshouse venting when used with any of the ENVIROTROLSs. @ HUMITROL | Precision calibrated glasshouse humidistat used to control a humidifier, fogging Jets or special venting systems to control humidity. We also manufacture large DEALER ENQUIRIES [int osenicy 7 aaah WELCOME commercial houses — ~ call and talk to us. MiDAPro GLASSHOUSE PRODUCTS PO Box 40 (3 Wilga St.), CONCORD WEST, NSW 2138. Phone (02) 735253 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 37 QUALITY CATTLEYAS Latest EXHIBITION and MINIATURES 50mm to Flowering Some other Genera Available Specialising in Mail Order Visits by Appointment Write or Phone for Free List G. P. & D. E. MOUATT Serpentine Creek Road Redland Bay Qld 4165 PHONE (07) 206 7698 Myall Orchids New Guinea and Australian Ceratobium Dendrobiums including D. bigibbum, D canaliculatum and D. johannis hybrids. Some New Guinea species. Seedlings to flowering size. Min Korsman 95 TOOLAKEA BEACH ROAD, BLUEWATER QUEENSLAND 4816. (077) 88 6147 of this genus are Soph brevipedunculata, Soph. cernua, Soph. coccinea. The ab- breviation for the genus Sophronitis is Soph. As shown above, however when Sophronitis is included in a cross with a different genus or different genera, the abbreviation becomes only the letter S. e.g. we write Slc. for the abbreviation of Sophrolaeliocattleya, not Sophic. Re- member Soph. means Sophronitis when the genus is spoken of by itself and S. means Sophronitis when the genus is included in other genera. Once these above four genera are understood we are well on our way to understand intergeneric crossing. Re- member what B.C.L. and Soph. mean. Until recent times practically all intergeneric crosses of the Cattleya al- liance were made from crosses of these four genera. Over the past 10 or 15 years changes have commenced to take place and many more hybrids have resulted from some complex intergeneric breed- ing. Some well informed growers doubt if some of these complex crosses will ever flower owing to the complexity of the breeding of plants from different genera. Let us now look at some crosses between the four genera we have looked at in detail so far. Let’s start by crossing a Brassavola with a Cattleya. From this cross the resulting plants would belong to the Brassocattleya genus, abbrevi- ation is Bc. (The B. is obtained from B. in the abbreviation from Brassavola and the C. is obtained from C. as in the abbreviation for Cattleya). To progress further if we were to cross a Brassavola with a Laelia the resulting intergeneric name would be Brassolaelia, (abbreviation Bl.) If we cross a Brassavola with a Sophronitis we get a Brassophronitis, abbreviation Bnts. (You don’t see too many of those.) Going a bit further if we cross a Cattleya with a Laelia we get a Laeliocattleya (abbreviation Lc.) or a Cattleya crossed with a Sophronitis produces a Sophrocattleya (abbreviation Sc.) I think we can now progress onto intergeneric crosses which contain three different genera. The most common crosses in this group are the Brassolaeliocattleya (abbreviation Blc.) made be crossing Brassavola x Cattleya x Laelia. If we cross a Sophronitis with a Brassavola and a Cattleya the resultant cross is called Rolfeara (abbreviation Rolf.) As we can see the intergeneric names are like building blocks, each time a different genus is included in a cross then that genus is included in the intergeneric name. If those four genera and intergeneric ORCHID FLASKING MEDIA @ Effective for a broad range of genera including: Cattleya Cymbidium Paphiopedilum Dendrobium and Oncidium, etc. @ SISSSEM by MeAMUENEe to promote strong, balanced root and leaf growth. @ Supplied as an easy to prepare powder complete preparation instructions included. @ No pH adjustment Available from: Bac ' oO Laboratories P/L _ P.O. Box 295, 310-312 Elizabeth Dr, Liverpool NSW 2170, AUSTRALIA PH: (02) 602 5499, 602 4346 Fax: (02) 601 8293 TLX: BACLAB AA171713 38 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 crosses are understood we will progress one step further. If we have an intergeneric cross which includes all four of the genera we have been looking at, then this cross is called a Potinara (abbreviation Pot.) To breed a Potinara the parentage of the two plants used in them must somewhere in their back- ground contain the four genera, Brassavola, Cattleya, Laelia and Sophronitis. To simplify this if we cross a Bic, with an Sic. we get a Potinara, or a Blc. with either a Soph. or a Sc. still breeds a Potinara. Whilst breeding with these four genera continues the modern trend amongst overseas hybridisers is to produce plants which mature and flower at a much smaller size than we have been used to in the past. One of the methods used to produce these small and compact plants has been to include the species Broughtonia sanguinea (abbreviation Bro.) into the breeding of new hybrids. Hybrids containing Bro. sanguinea as a parent are becoming common place until recently nearly all the hybrids of Bro. sanguinea flowered a similar red- purple colour, however hybrids which flower different colours are now appear- ing e.g. Cina Maui Maid (C. Hawaiian Variable x Bro. sanguinea) is the first white Cattleytonia is produced no doubt the alba form of Bro. sanguinea was used as a parent. Similarly, Otaara Hawaiian Queen (Blc. Waikiki Gold x Bro. sanguinea) flowers yellow and the yellow form namely Bro. sanguinea ‘aurea’ would have been used as a parent. As time proceeds no doubt we are going to see many more Bro. sanguinea hybrids producing colours we have not seen before from such hybrids. By using Bro. sanguinea in hybridis- ing this has produced many more intergeneric names which are more diffi- cult to understand than the five we have discussed previously. It is no longer the rule that part of the name of the genus becomes part of the name of the intergeneric cross. It does on some occasions e.g. Cattleytonia which is a Cattleya x Broughtonia but it does not on other occasions such as Bishopara which is a Sophronitis x Cattleya x Broughtonia. The intergeneric name Cattleytonia is perhaps the best known of the group which contain the Broughtonia genus. In 1966, a hybrid named Cattleytonia (abbreviation Cina.) Keith Roth, (C. bicolor x Bro. sanguinea) was regis- tered. (Note both parents are species and therefore written in lower case.) Cattleytonia Keith Roth has been very widely used as a parent and there are hundreds of hybrids of Cina Keith Roth in existence. One of the more popular ones in this area is Ctna. Jamacia Red, (Cina. Keith Roth x Bro. sanguinea). AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 East Coast Orchids Specialising in New Guinea Ceratobium Dendrobiums. Species and hybrids. With our selective breeding we can offer a range of quality orchids from seedlings to flowering size. For descriptive list send stamp to: EAST COAST ORCHIDS — K. & H. MARTIN P.O. BOX 361, KURANDA, QUEENSLAND 4872 PHONE (070) 93 7065 P.O. Box 860, Toowoomba, 4350 J Phone 076 96 7279 A ORCHIDS LABORATORIES FLASKING SERVICE SPECIALISING IN EXOTIC AND AUSTRALIAN NATIVES SEND STAMP FOR LIST MAIL ORDERS OUR SPECIALTY SEE YOU AT THE TOOWOOMBA ORCHID SPECTACULAR & CONFERENCE 17TH — 24TH SEPTEMBER 1989 MT. BEENAK ORCHIDS A NEW RELEASE FROM THE GEYSERLAND COLLECTION GLADYS WHITESELL “THE CHARMER” (Cym. Fifi “Harry” x Cym. parishii “Emma Menninger” 4N) A superb ivory white intermediate with dark brown lip & yellow keel. Decorative racemes carried in profusion for mid-season shows. And yes its shapely too! Strong single growth plants 200mm leaf length @ $15.00. Before you order why not get our latest catalogue full of many other new and desirable seedlings and clones from Geyserland, N-Z. Mail order is our speciality. Prompt efficient service will see your plants delivered in excellent condition within a few days of your order being received. For stock lists or directions to the nursery write to: Mt. Beenak Orchids Clive & Agi Halls, R.S.D. 92, Three Bridges 3797 Phone: (059) 66 7253 39 sy ‘“% “ff o 4 Go oG 4 A, 4 “4 rig GS “ 7, Automatic Humidity for Small to Y Medium-size Glasshouses. Self § (20-80% range). Also has float valve for automatic level control. FREE BROCHURE ON REQUEST PARADE ORCHIDS PO Box 11 Highbury, South Australia 5089 Phone: Nursery (08) 380 5142 MT FINNIGAN ORCHIDS Orchids at the right price. 2” pots to N/F size and flasks the cheapest anywhere. 4 Write for full list. PM.B. SHIPTONS FLAT VIA COOKTOWN NTH QLD 4871 cattloua clliccioe QUALITY CATTLEYAS, FROM FLASK TO FLOWERING 4 EPACRIS AVENUE, CARINGBAH, 2229, NSW Telephone: 02 524 8574 Please phone before visiting Remember a Cattletonia is a Cattleya x Broughtonia. Therefore a Cattleytonia has Cattleya in its breeding a Cattleya is one of the four genera we discussed at length previously. Returning to the genus Broughtonia and its abbreviation Bro. Although the abbreviation is Bro. we cannot use this abbreviation when crossing the genus Broughtonia with other genera of the Cattleya group as the abbreviation B. represents the Brassavola genus, as we have discussed. In some instances the ‘‘tonia’’ from the end part of the word Broughtonia is placed on the end part of the generic name of the plant to which the Broughtonia has been crossed, e.g. as shown in the intergeneric name Cattleytonia above, or as in an intergeneric cross between a Broughtonia and Brassavola which pro- duces a Brassotonia (abbreviation Bstna.) This is however the exception rather than the rule, as once we look at many of the more complicated crosses the going gets very heavy. I will list the more common intergeneric names and their recognised abbreviations together with their generic make up; however at this stage I think we have gone far enough. It appears that the intergeneric name is generally derived from the person who initially made the cross plus the termination — ‘‘ara’’ have been added to the end of that persons name e.g. a Broughtonia crossed onto a Sophrocattleya is a Bishopara, abbrevi- ation a Bish. Broughtonia x Sophrolaeliocattleya is a Hawkinsara (abbreviation Hknsa.) and a Broughtonia x Brassalaeliocattleya is a Otaarra, (Abbreviation Otr.) This is how the Hasegawaara (abbrevi- ation Hasgw.) the five genera cross mentioned in the second paragraph of this article comes about. I hope from this discussion that I have assisted those who had not previously tackled the subject to understand it. TAMBORINE MOUNTAIN ORCHIDS 158 Long Road, (P.O. Box 4) Eagle Heights, Queensland 4271 Telephone (075) 45 1303 Importers and Hybridisers of QUALITY ORCHIDS Cattleys-Cymbidiums-Japanese Dendrobiums- Miscellaneous — in both Seedlings and Mericlones. (CLOSED SUNDAYS) 1989 CATALOGUE available on request (Please include 39c stamp) N.S.W. Central Coast Agents Wyong Orchid Nurseries Basford Road, Lake Munmorah, N.S.W. 2259 Telephone (043) 58 8563 Open every day > 40 AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 Once the generic names and abbrevi- ations are learned you will soon under- stand the subject. Listed are the more common genera and the intergeneric names which are produced as a result of breeding between the genera: Genus (Singular) Genera (Plural) — Brassavola, Abbreviation B.; Broughtonia, Abbreviation Bro.; Cattleya, Abbreviation C.; Laelia, Ab- breviation L.; Sophronitis Abbreviation S: Each of the above are separate genera and are the starting point for most intergeneric breeding in the Cattleya alliance. I will commence with Brassavola and list the more popular intergeneric names produced as the result of breeding differ- ent genera to it. Brassavola x Cattleya = Brassocattleya (Bc.); Brassavola x Cattleya x Laelia = Brassolaeliocattleya (Blc.); Brassavola x Cattleya x Laelia x Sophronitis = Potinara (Pot.); Brassavola x Cattleya x Sophronitis = Rolfeara (Rolf.); Brassavola x Cattleya x Laelia x Sophronitis x Broughtonia = Hasegawaara (Hasgw.); Brassavola x Cattleya x Broughtonia = Stellamizutaara (Stlma.); Brassavola x Broughtonia = Brassotonia (Bstna.); Brassavola x Broughtonia x Cattleya x Laelia = Otaara (Otr.); Brassavola x Laelie = Brassolaelia (Bl.); Brassavola x Laelia x Sophronitis = Lowara (Low.); Brassavola x Sophronitis = Brassophronitis (Bnts.). I will now deal with intergeneric crossed produced from the genus Cattleya. (I will not include them if they have been listed under the genus Brassavola as it makes no difference in what order they are included in intergeneric cross). - Cattleya x — Broughtonia = Cattleytonia (Ctna.); Cattleya x Broughtonia x Laelia = Laeliocatonia (Lctna.); Cattleya x Broughtonia x Laelia x Sophronitis = Hawkinsara (Hknsa.); Cattleya x Broughtonia x Sophronitis = Bishopara_ (Bish.); Cattleya x Laelia = Laeliocattleya (Lc.). The next is Laelia. Laelia x Broughtonia = Laelonia (Lna.); Laelia x Broughtonia x Sophronitis = Hartara (Hart.); Laelia x Sophronitis = Sophrolaelia (S1.). The last genus is Sophronitis. Sophronitis x Cattleya = Sophrocattleya (Sc.); Sophronitis x Cattleya x Laelia oS Sophrolaeliocattleya (Slc.); Sophronitis x Laelia = Sophrolaelia (S1.). Good Gardening @ Ray Smith 185 Bayswater Road Currajong, Qld “An exhibit of orchids ata previous Orchid Society of South Australia spring show. 3RD ASIA PACIFIC ORCHID CONFERENCE syitsonnouse Adelaide, South Australia 30th August to 4th September 1989 The Asia Pacific Conference comprises an international association between orchid enthusiasts of all countries included in the region, ranging from India and Sri Lanka in the west, to Hawaii and the Philippines in the east, Japan and Korea in the north to Australia and New Zealand in the South. The third APOC conference will take place in Adelaide, South Australia from August 30 to September 4 1989. The main focal feature will be the Inter- national Orchid Show and this really should not be missed. Ofcourse, a“‘ Conference” means atime totalk and also atime tolistenandlearn. A special ‘“‘talks program’ has been organised featuring some famous people discussing a wide range of orchid topics. The Fletje Theatrette of Adelaide University will be the site for the day long lectures which will include such speakers as: Dr. Hedge of India — Conservation of Indian Species. Dr Tanaka of Japan — Propagating Phalaenopsis from Leaf Segments. Mr Doug Burgess of New Zealand — Recent Orchid Hybrids flowered in NZ. Dr. Christopher Teo of Penang — Orchid Species of Malaysia. Dr Noel Grundon of Australia— Fungi, Some Good and Some Bad. Mrs Helen Richards of Australia — Culture of Australian Terrestrial Orchids. Mr George Vasquez of USA Phalaenopsis culture. Dr David Brown of USA — Aspects of World Orchid Conferences. Dr Vij of India — Chromosomal Dynamics of Indian Orchids. Dr Pimchai Apavatjrut of Thailand — Species Orchids of Thailand. Dr Kadzimin of Selangor — Germ Plasm Preservation. Finalisations of speakers will see 14 presentations extending over three sessions on Saturday September 2. The AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 three sessions comprise a morning, an afternoon and an evening period. Transport from lecture site to the Wayville Showgrounds, site of the APOC 3 Orchid Shoy, will be available in registrants satchels. Conference headquarters will be the Southpark Hotel/Motel which was selected because of its location close to the Wayville Showgrounds. Because our conference coincides with the Royal Adelaide Show, accommoda- tion will be very difficult to obtain unless application is made through our Secretariat. The conference is holding many block bookings, however, booknow as we cannot hold these too long and we would be very sorry to have any registrants disappointed. For full information on all aspects of the conference send your name and address to: The Secretary, APOC 3, PO Box 25, Parkholme, South Australia 5043. Telephone (08) 298 6689. aii eal ln il i Ny PR a ie Wi I a ecseTceso e raa PA e P ee ah OW A ie Odontioda Lincade ‘Red Ruby’ SUNSHINE ORCHID NURSERY 2034 ROGHAN RD, BALD HILLS, BRISBANE, 4036 TELEPHONE (07) 263 4902 (Closed Sundays) EVERYTHING FOR ORCHID GROWERS AMATEUR AND PROFESSIONAL Write for our full catalogue which includes a wide range of plants, flasks and accessories. Mail Orders Processed Prompily (Discounts for Quantity) YES — OUR MODERN LABORATORY UNDERTAKES CUSTOM FLASKING (Both Commercial and Private) AND FOR TOP SHOWBENCH RESULTS USE OUR LONG LASTING Sterilised and Treated Orchid Bark - AVAILABLE IN FIVE (5) GRADES (FULL DETAILS IN OUR CATALOGUE) BANKCARD, MASTERCARD AND VISA CARDS ACCEPTED 42 Conference registration: $65.00 single; $110.00 double. PLAN TO EXHIBIT A.P.O.C. 3 The APOC 3 Orchid Show will be superb. The 1,500 square metre site will have individual exhibits of 9 square metre area (not necessarily square) and smaller bench top exhibits of approximately 2.5 square metres for cut flower or very small displays. There is something for ~ everyone in the show schedule. Prize ~ money is approaching Aus $10,000 — with the Grand Champion attracting a $1,000 — cash prize and the Reserve Champion $750. The entire show schedule is included with our information leaflets, however, Champion classes include Australian Native Orchid, Cattleya and Allied Genera, Standard Cymbidium, Intermediate Cymbidium, Miniature Cymbidium, Dendrobium, Odontoglossum Alliance, Paphio- pedilum, Phalaenopsis, Vandaceous Miscellaneous (not elsewhere listed), Seedling of Any Genus plus Champion Display and Champion Display of three Cymbidiums for Colour. There will also be awards for Best Overseas Exhibit Asia Pacific Group, Best Overseas Exhibit Non Asia Pacific Group, Australian Commercial Grower Small Exhibit, Australian Commercial Grower Large Exhibit, Australian Non AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 Cym Lois Kelly ‘Pink Parfait? Commercial Grower, OCSA Affiliated Society. Tabletop Exhibit. All exhibits except trade are free, but all individual exhibitors must be regis- trants except for those included in Aus- tralian or overseas society exhibits. If assistance is required for these please contact your show organiser direct: Show Organiser, Mr Syd Monkhouse, PO Box 1, O'Halloran Hill, South Australia 5158. Telephone (08) 381 2011. It is now urgent that you make your reservations for exhibition space as there is certain to be restrictions on space eventually. Registration and _ hotel booking are also urgently required. TOURS The great fun times at conferences are often the bus tours when, with witty lively bus hosts, much fun can be had — especially if a winery is visited on route. We definitely will have tours and the news is that the Sunday tourto the Animal Park Urimbirra, then some hunting for native orchids ( which incidentally can be photographed, but not collected) and a good Aussie barbecue right in the middle of Hans Heysen country will be a high point of APOC 3. HOSPITALITY A very comprehensive hospitality program is being arranged. All bookings will be completely computerised, the maximum attention is being give to make all registrants feel welcome. South Australian’s are renowned for their friendliness and our hospitality com- mittee is dedicated to enhancing that reputation in every possible way. SPECIAL EVENTS The Opening Ceremony Cocktail Party on Thursday, August 31 at 7.00 pm at the show site will feature our patron, the Governor of South Australia Sir Donald Dunstan who will perform the Opening Ceremony. Refreshments will then be warm conditions. AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 A large range of species and hybrids to suit new growers, serious collectors and those seeking free flowering plants for intermediate to VERY PROMPT MAIL ORDER IS OUR SPECIALTY. Phone or mail orders using Bankcard, Visacard or Mastercard Welcome, including export overseas. We invite you to visit our nursery at 15 HOAD STREET, EARLVILLE, CAIRNS or write (Please include postage stamp) for our latest listing to P.O. BOX 404, EARLVILLE, QLD 4870. Ph (070) 54 1746. served whilst registrants view the exhibits and the prize winners. The banquet will be a special function at the Stonyfell Winery and this will be a unique experience with good fun, drinks of all types and entertainment. The lovely rustic winery atmosphere of the old wine cellars being used for this function give this a special appeal. There is a good chance you will be able to bottle your own special port wine. For an experience to remember forever you must come to APOC 3 Adelaide in September 89 @ 43 | Growing Paphiopedilums in the Bowral Area John L. Marks In moving from the Sydney area I had to rethink the conditions that orchids require to flourish properly, and to this requirement I looked at the conditions under which orchids were grown in England and the United States. My first impression was that it was going to be very expensive in heating costs, and being at 2000ft (700m) the light intensity would be much greater, with this in mind I had a feeling that a glasshouse recessed into the ground would save heating to a large degree. The size of the glasshouse that I required was 11x5% m which was a short wall 900mm model made to my requirements by A. D. Spring. This has no vents at the ridges as I felt due to the cooler climate this was not required, which has proved the case. The aspect is east-west with the door at the western end, there are three large 15 m Pinus radiata to the west which give shade from around 3pm during the hot summer months. During winter other trees shade the glasshouse until 10-30am. The first thing to do was to get the hole excavated and this was done by a local contractor with the backhoe to an aver- age depth of 1.2m. As this was done a drain at the lowest corner of the slope was dug .down to the bottom of the section. Next came the foundations of 300m concrete and the walkway and the base of the centre water tank. Before the walls were constructed drainage pipes were placed around the both sides of the foundations, a very important point, next the outside walls and the water tank were built of 380x190x100mm_ besser blocks, the outer walls 1200mm high with a protruding section 800mm from the base to carry the benches. The water tank also of besser blocks is 700mm high. Before erecting the glasshouse the walls were covered with builders plastic to help keep out any moisture, the centre water tank floor was lined with approxi- mately 50mm of sand and then was covered over to the top of the walls with builders plastic and then the water was added, approximately 2500 gallons. The next stage was to assemble the glasshouse frame and this was done with the help of Frank Dobell in two days. The next weekend I installed some of the glazing bars and the following week- end Gordon Hansen helped to finish the glazing bars, install the glass and put up the hail guard. As the glass went in it was also given a coat of thinned down white plastic undercoat which stayed on for five years. The glasshouse was then lined with UV treated plastic at a height of 2100mm and right down the sides to the floor, this keeps the heat where it is required and not at the top of the glasshouse it also keeps out dust and those annoying drops of water that can ruin a flower. The electrician arrived and ran 35 amp power to the glasshouse in the form of waterproof power points in several loca- tions. The water was also connected and the next thing that happened was the arrival of all my _paphiopedilums, cattleyas and the other various genera that I still had, these were all over the floor and one had to step carefully around. As the benches (ARC mesh) and D’BUSH ORCHID NURSERY PO BOX 57, KURANDA, QUEENSLAND 4872 PHONE (070) 93 7923 We have for sale PHALAENOPSIS, VANDA AND REED STEM EPIDENDRUM ORCHIDS ONLY. @ In future this Nursery will be closed Tuesdays and-Wednesdays, except by previous arrangement. the pipe work 1’’ diameter were brought down from Carlingford started erecting the benches, this took several weeks and a lot of naughty words but the result was worth it. The circulating fans, evaporative cooler and the humidifier were placed in position. Max/min thermometers were hung up to check the temperature. The orchids were moved into their new home in September but I only came down to visit them each weekend until we moved into the house in mid December. The hot weather that occurred during this time did not effect the plants as the cooler kept the temperature to a nice 90°F (32°C). The humidity is usually around 50 to 60 per cent, while during the night it rises to between 90 and 95 per cent. This does not seem to harm the plants. A 60 per cent shade cloth is used from October to the end of March. For heating during the first winter when temperatures dropped down to -8°C I used an electric fan heater but this did not keep a minimum temperature of 11°C; there wasn’t much that I could do until natural gas was connected and then I was able to use an open flame burner. Overall my running costs for heating and cooling are less than half those incurred at Carlingford. This I put down to building the glasshouse into the ground. The water in the centre tank is refilled from the glasshouse roof and is used to water the orchids all year, through a proportioner mixer. This gives the or- chids a mixture of approximately 600/1 ~ every watering. During the summer I ~ water usually twice a week and the cooler months 7-10 days. Some times we get a few inches of snow but it doesn’t last very long and the hail guard keeps it off the glass. The temperature can drop down to -10°C in the winter, and in summer can rise to 38°C occasionally but there is usually a drop in temperature in the late afternoon. Due to the cooler period the cattleya’s did not grow too well and I had to get rid of them. They were on an ‘‘A’’ frame over the centre bench and this also cut down the light on half of the benches, so removal of them made a large difference to the light factor. In summing up I have had great pleasure in growing paphiopedilums in a new environment with little or no pol- lution and I hope to be able to carry on for many a year and still learn more about orchids in general. @ AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 THE AGONY AND THE ECSTASY! Spring is the main flowering season for cymbidium orchids, the time when the locating of plants and the various orchid mixes used last year, thrill you with fulfilment of aspirations or on the other hand, leave you with the feeling of 12 months wasted! Spring is the time for decisions of potting-on, cleaning up, perhaps dividing plants: all encapsulated into an optimum couple of months or else they have to be left until the milder autumn days. Ah, the agony of repotting season — hour after hour for days on end spent standing at a bench removing back-bulbs, sterilising cutting tools, making sure labels aren’t lost. (What good is an awarded plant if the label’s been mislaid? You know, or are at least reasonably certain which plantitis, but who's going to pay top money for a division of an unknown masquerading as a winner? And what about your own credibility?) Married female growers still have to prepare meals. This is one chore that just never goes away, and we can’t have sandwiches for at least 50 nights in a row! Why not eat out? GO OUT? When your back feels broken and every muscle shrieks in protest, when your idea of supreme bliss is to sink into a hot tub and stay there? Your record book tells you there are only a few hundred plants in your collection, but spring is when you’re sure someone’s added extra plants, unbeknown to you. The Leading Hand makes up yet another batch of mix. “More, you need more? Don’t tell me you’ve used it alll” Interspersed is the ecstasy of spring shows: whenjust abouteveryonein orchid societies bring out their darlings to face the judges’, and the public’s, critical gaze. When, although you know you haven’t room for even another single plant you still prowl about around the exhibits holding notebook and pen, jotting down the names of those which have captured your imagination — those which you simply must obtain! Then with relief—and a certain kind of disbelief—repotting’s finished, over for another year. This is when those vows you made when you could have cried with that aching back, are pushed away into the dim recesses of your mind as you view late-season bloomers. (Really, just a few more like those would extend the flowering season even further.) Colour prints are placed in the brag album and named. Flowering records are studied, and with smug satisfaction you realise this has been your best season EVER! What of next year? Ah, that’s an unknown quantity. One thing is certain though; nothing can compare with the delights and deep despair of this exquisite addiction @ Jo-ann C. Burke Mount Waverley, Victoria. | ORCHID ENTERPRISES PO Box 2398, Southport, Qid. 4215 PHONE: (075) 53 1924 FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones _Cattleyas - Softcanes - Hardcanes Vandaceous - Odont. alliance - species KEIKIGROW PRODUCTS — we are the SOLE Australian agents for Keikigrow Products of Canada. Keikigrow - Stoprot and Rootgrow in stock- 7.5cc at $12.50 Post Paid Send stamp for our current listings. MERRELLEN ORCHIDS Ted & Barbara Gregory Specialist breeders of cool growing Aust Natives and Hybrids.’ Send 37¢ stamp for our 88-89 list. Mail orders our specialty. 181 Oxenford Road, Tamborine Heights, Qld 4271. (075) 45 1576, CYMBIDIUM SEEDLING FLASKS vg Sydney Orchids Available ‘eth the she time - SYDNEY ORCHIDS own cymbidium seedlings in flasks. We have brought together some of our best orchids and created these exciting new crosses. GARETH ‘MALIBU'x LOIS KELLY ‘CHERRIES AND CREAM’ Both of these Cymbidiums have excellent shape green intermed unusual orange and spike habit. GARETH ‘MALIBU’ is an attractive an ted ever aaa and a white, red spotted . The LOIS” KELLY i is an ScoT!'S SUNRISE aS (TERAMA ‘YOWIE BAY’ x RATHEL ‘RED’ + + or SCOTT’S SUNRISE ‘EMBERS is a classy rich red-orange miniature, with blooms carried on a very tall erect spike. TERAMA x RATHEL is an exquisite red standard with low foliage, good texture and great spike habit. _ SLEEPING ‘BEAUTY’ x (PERI ‘RODGERS’ x TETHY’S ‘BLACK MAGIC’) SLEEPING ‘BEAUTY is a ‘very florifor seedling is another excell te ; __ lined re red 1 lip. : s orange, well played lon ‘spikes. The PERI is NEVE ms with a Stohaly SYLVIA ERA FARGO’ x (TERAMA “YOWIE BAY’ x RATHEL ‘RED') naa A very attractive, productive pink standard with tall floriforous spikes, SYLVIA ERA ‘FARGO’ has been united here with another noteworthy standard. The TERAMA is a red of great texture, low foliage and good spike habit. (TERAMA ‘YOWIE BAY’ x RATHEL ‘RED’ + ae x CRONULLA‘BEACH’ Both of these standards have pelertre le habit and gr ae pated red with low foliag “spotted lips" eat substance. The TERAMA seeding | is an , full flowering pastel cream MRO ted ine pu The species pumilum is known for it's delicate shape and abundance of flowers. This is the red variant of the species. It has been crossed here with another red. TETHY’S is an excellent red standard with ong arching spikes. (BEXLEY RADIANCE ‘BEXLEY’ x devonianum) ; _ This BEXLEY RADIANCE seedling is a pendulous c It is crossed with another poor mini, celRISN a flowers on an upright spike. x ORIENTAL LEGEND ‘GOLDEN HARVEST’ red miniature with a big velvety red Real L TEGEND, which is a wanes pone with go! - These ‘exciting ‘seedling flasks are AVAILABLE NOW} for only $39 each. But there are limited numbers available, so avoid disappointment — order today! Freight by SKYROAD $9 MASTERCARD, BANKCARD AND VISA ACCEPTED (Quote name, number and expiry date) Phone and/or mail orders and payment to: SYDNEY ORCHIDS 38 Engadine Ave Engadine NSW 2233 (02) 520 4830 Agents for: Mes ine Aussiebark & Pindimar pres supplies. CIAL 25kg bag Send stamped AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 s of ENMAG for $60 ‘AE for free listing. 45 EE Quality, big, strong mericlones Boe - Your (renteait buy at less than Yr) price Cym. ARUNTA ‘DREAMTIME’ — Cym. Cym. Cym. Cym. Cym. Cym, intermediate INFERNO ‘GATES OF HELV Show quality brown winter intermediate EARLY PALACE ‘CORONET PEAK’ (4N) — May/June beautiful white standard EASTERN STAR ‘KAWANO?’ (4N) — Irresistible pure colour green standard 5 — Appealing yellow edged red spring intermediate LUNATA ‘BROWN GLOW’ (4N) — Dark brown spring show standard LUNATA ‘PURPLE HAZE’ (4N) — Unique mauve top quality spring standard MINI DREAM ‘CAMEO’ — Gorgeous soft chartreuse pure colour winter Cy. MINI LADY ‘CHIFFON’ — April/May PETER PAN Hybrid Erect pink intermediate Cym. RUBY EYES ‘ROYAL SHOW’ — Stunning deep a spring mini. Cym. VALLEY CRIMSON ‘PINK PERFECTION’ (4N) — Lolly pink long spiking July standard Cym. VALLEY ZENITH ‘TETRA-HIGH? (4N) — Ultimate spring show green standard SEND $12.50 ea. for these BRAND NEW RELEASES Please include $9 for air freight. Orders over $100 FREIGHT FREE! -Bank/Mastercard welcome. Quote name, number and expiry date. Our full range is available at Peter Chiles Orchids 5 Peacock Ave, Gawler, SA. EASY ORCHIDS 5 Richman Ave. Prospect SA 5082 Phone Glenn Heylen (08) 344 4255 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Dear Sir, I write this letter to you to register my objection to the change in the rules where all Miniature and Intermediate Cym- bidium are to have 13 blooms per raceme. T also object to the manner in which this ruling was introduced, without seeking any input to this decision from myself or the orchid club to which I belong. This decision will be felt hardest by those fanciers who have a small collec- tion and those who are not in a position of being able to afford to purchase a large number of newer varieties which do have the required 13 blooms. Both myself and a lot of others that I know have only recently spent large sums of money to purchase orchids that con- formed to the standard laid down at the time only to find that these plants are now worthless as competition plants. In the future when rulings of this nature are to be introduced I believe it would be a lot fairer and more acceptable if a period of five years was to elapse before it became law to enable new plants to be 46 purchased and the others to be disposed of. Finally I earnestly urge you to recon- sider your decision to alter the standard to 13 blooms because it adversely effects hundreds of orchid lovers and thousands of their plants. Yours Sincerely, Kevin Barry. ‘Double U” Orchids Specialising in FLASKS of the very latest in Australian Native Dendrobium and Sarcochilus Hybrids. Please send S.A.E. for List 71 Wesley Street, Elanora Heights, NSW, 2101 Telephone (02) 913 9438 ADVERTISERS INDEX VOLUME 54 Nol FEBRUARY 1989 Adelaide: Orchids sesmeresssreet; tere stre maura: 23 AMP Cloning Laboratories ..................+5 17 Aranbeem! OrchidStemsmerise tives secre resnees. 8 Arundel Estate Orchids.................:000000 16 Bacto} baboratorieSaeesgstesee-=. ser tey seers 38 Banana Coast Orchids ..................0.00000 36 BryantgAlvinitecertesnteres tee orteses ster eases 3 Gattleya\ClassicSiamen. ssertiiecetieer tenes ties 40 Charm Orchid Nursery ................0s02s000 29 Colemanjs Orchids merase sss pete, eres 30 Colléctoris|Cometgesseensteperatatatectaret 35 Crouch WiBYert re rita racer cc ier .6 Cymbidium City Orchids D’Bush Orchid Nursery ..............:.20..2000+ Digital Audio Processing .... Dingley Fern Market ......... DoublewlOrchidS testes .srestecterertert ens Hasti@oastiOrchids seeesterteettee tetera Has yiOrchidS vr. gists: eereeearsen nae tt ness EveliniOrchids teesveessuetenters tense sedretaes shloratestiOrchidSeyssce seater tet erent Flora Propogation Laboratories ...............- 9 Glenwood!OrchidStee. rem. eretaie Peres seer et 7 Graylane!Nurseries ti, 0.142 fesse. Stee: feats 19 Growing Point Nursery...............0sess0 00 18 Henrysglomseneesrsses pier tase fh sev gta tetera 24 Humpybong Orchid Nursery ...............4 33 Keith’s Orchid Nursery Kudla Orchid Nursery ..... Lakeside Orchids........... HonneisiNurseryporm terse ctee. et ate ee Lou Mayersiasteue: 3 2) teres tasmaca ta iss PUparmOOrcnidi 0 meme smeeeeertaram te tranes 33 Mackinney:siNursery va. scrcvse.ssetvents seve ort 18 Mandurang Orchid Nursery..................++ 26 Mays, Pesd OP frriee peter csc woeerers 33 Merellen Orchidswrests.- see teses.. 1) saeraraete 45 Mooroolbark Ferns and Orchids ..............- 6 Mouats GHidd D Hien weetersetoona: teres cc 38 Mount Pleasant Orchids..................2.0005 9 MtBeenaktOrchidSpemses se cettrerees- ates 39 Mt Finnigan Orchids........ aE eee ete 40 MyalliOrchids?treug..grestriast-.saivece -opreaae INGVINESIN ISCLy semen teen eeeers Orchid Enterprises Orchidaceoustare eee irene tte ane eat Orchideario Catarinense...................0005+ 31 Orchidglen Nurseryge.ted cee etoescaryswstieees 31 Orchid} Valle Vaweumerrrscergsed osrc rey art 47 Parade Orchids meseesetererieceecrac res 19, 21, 40 PJA Orchid rare eh hi nah eae 39 BricetRe Gade leis ce asert cena re tree Di Pricerite Se RES yeecte ce ae ce) 14 Richardson & Wrench ............-s22e0eee0eee0 17 RobertsonGe Amaia M wrerrtrrrerss: mrss 9 Rockhampton Orchid Society ................+. 5 RoyaleiOrchidSpeerwenertieeey. 2 anette 12 Saltwater Creek Nursery ...............:.000008 15 schacters|Orchidsteme hay viwriyh comer ccat 22 Slattery shrank tas: en. eaten ce een ot oe 30 SpringwA DL eee a eee © eter, ore 30 Stantoni&alaylorereet. aeeerente rece, career 20 Sun Moon Palace Co. ................eeceeeeees 32 Sunshine Orchid Nursery .............2.....0+ 42 Sydneyi@rcnids mrss steeewee ees enone rad 45 aidatOrchid Nursery eestrecesteter tere sree 34 Tamborine Mountain Orchids ................. 40 Tandara Orchid Nursery ................:0.0000+ 19 Twin Oaksi Books ccs pevsseeet test peece anaes 34 Walley, Orchids satan ersanct assis sets BC WitpiiialsanienSerrss tesserae te eee 28 WondabahiOrchidStee. sea teccts eres tetas ees 47 Wyong Orchid Nurseries....................5+5 26 byorkiMereditiimessesmersueyeestsee cocvatse 7 Ps IFC AUSTRALIAN ORCHID REVIEW, FEBRUARY 1989 MINI CYMBIDIUM SEEDLINGS also flowering plants from April available now. Send stamp for list, Tumburra Orchids, Wirreanda Road (off Tumburra Rd.), Ingleside, N.S.W. Ph. (02) 450 2413. ORCHID STUDY COURSE by corre- spondence. 140 other courses including propa- gation, greenhouse management, tissue cul- ture, wholesale nursery. Details from A.H.C.S. 264 Swansea Rd, Lilydale. Ph (03) 736 1882. CATTLEYA, SOFTCANE, ONCID AL- LIANCE, MIXED GENERA. SAE for list. Visitors Welcome by appointment. Bayview Orchids, 440 Pine Ridge Rd, Coombabah. Gold Coast 4216. Ph (075) 37 2964. ORCHIDS. Cattleya seedings incl some species, and mixed genera to flowering size. Send stamp for list to Carramar Orchids, P.O. Box 1133, Taree, N.S.W. 2430. ORCHIDS OF SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA POSTER illustrates 36 common ground orchids in color. $5.40 plus $2.50 post packing from Gould League, P.O. Box 446, Prahran, Vic. 3181. | ying Valley WHEN ONLY THE BEST WILL DO! FOR THE BIGGEST Our quality stock includes: Latest Mini Cats, Equitant Oncidiums, Antelope and Full- shaped Dendrobiums, Vandas and Ascocendas, Warm- growing Miltassas, Miltonias Phalaenopsis. If there is something special you are looking for, why not phone or write, we would be delighted to help. Imported plants arriving all the time from Malaysia, Hawaii, Philippines. Write for our latest catalogue (enclose stamp). COLLECTION OF ORCHIDS IN NORTH QUEENSLAND. PO BOX 196, GORDONVALE 4865. PHONE (070) 56 1727 ALL HOURS. Nursery address: LITTLE MULGRAVE RIVER ROAD, LITTLE MULGRAVE. Efficient, experienced packing and despatch with daily connections per national airlines and Skyroad Transport to your door. WONDABAH ORCHIDS PTY LTD — 724 PENNANT HILLS ROAD, CARLINGFORD, NSW 2118 PHONE: (02) 872 2959 AH: (02) 484 6335 Bright Colour for Autumn This beautifully coloured orchid is a welcome start to the orchid season and an easy orchid to grow and when an Oncidium flowers, the ‘Dancing Ladies’ are a joy to look at and enjoy. We have changed our culture, and our Oncidiums in 70mm plastic pots are really superb, their growth has been spectacular and the new crosses very pleasing. Our new catalogue will be released in mid-late April and new crosses in all Genera released from the Ist May, 1989. We have all needs for the orchid grower including marvellous Deadline (for snails), and Campbells Fertilizers, Hoof and Horm, Osmocote, and of course both T.C. and plastic pots. Onc. (Terang x Varicosum) x Nonamyre ‘Wondabah’ Our agents will be stocked with new crosses ready for release on Ist May. We welcome you to Wondabah to view our new culture methods and the spectacular results. 3 June till 30 Oct 7 days a week 9-5 Novy-April Mon-Fri 9-5 (ring first for Weekend hours) May only Mon-Sat 9-5 Valley Orchids world leaders in Cymbidium Orchids Left Dream Valley ‘Heather’ (4N) Right Dream Valley ‘Gemini’ (4N) Exclusive Divisions Divisions of Cymbidiums of this quality are usually not available. These are all flowering size pieces divided in late 1988. All prices include delivery anywhere in Australia. V266 CULPAULIN ‘MASTERPIECE '(4N) V275 DREAM VALLEY ‘GEMINI (4N) V276 DREAM VALLEY ‘HEATHER '(4N) V237 EASTERN STAR ‘KAWANO '(4N) V960 FUSS ‘MARK NEIL’ 235 HIDDEN VALLEY ‘BRIGHT ORANGE '(4N) V295 LEILA MAY‘LIP GLOSS’ 240 LUNATA ‘BROWN GLOW’ (4N) 325 MALUKA ‘BRILLIANT: V941 MINI SARAH ‘JILLIAN’ MINI SARAH ‘SOVEREIGN’ V919 PALACE COURT ‘ROYAL BLUSH‘ (4N) PHYLLIS DILLER ‘JUPITER’ (4N) PURE VERD 'KEW' V277 DREAM VALLEY ‘LUNAR MODULE ‘(4N) ROLF BOLIN ‘MARBLE BAR’ ROTHESAY ‘BUTTERFLY #2’ RUBY EYES’ TOKUSHIMA’ V280 SARAH JEAN ‘PINK’ SARAH JEAN ‘SELECT’ SARAH JEAN ‘SNOW FLAKE’ SARAH JEAN ‘SOFT LIPS’ SCOTT'S SUNRISE ‘AURORA’ SLEEPING DREAM ‘GOLDEN WAND" 920 SLEEPING GIANT ‘TETRA GLORY’ (4N) SLEEPING NYMPH ‘DAZZLER' (4N) 284 SOUTH COAST ‘CHERRY BLOSSOM (4N) UPSTART ‘TERRACOTTA’ 267 VALLEY CRIMSON ‘PINK PERFECTION ’(4N) V957 VALLEY KNIGHT ‘HELEN’ (4N) V924 VALLEY KNIGHT ‘PATRICIA ANN’ (4N) V259 VALLEY ZENITH ‘DISCUS’ (4N) VALLEY ZENITH ‘REYNELLA’ (4N) V916 VALYA CRAIG ‘SUTHERLAND’ (3N) V244 VIVACIOUS ‘MAGNIFICIENT’ (4N) 247 VIVACIOUS ‘SUPERB WHITE’ (4N) V288 VOLCANIC FLASH ‘THUNDERBALL’ teas i pee pa each es i commen a The catalogue that contains over 100 : exclusivevarieties plus a selection from around the world and not one plant over $30 Valley Orchids 32 page fullcolour 1988 eh ig stella catalogue. This is more than just a catalogue. |tis the most comprehensive listing of modern Cymbidiums available. Plants are categorized for cut-flower, pot plant, exhibition and stud use. Sizes fromin flask to flowering are offered. Prices for oneplant to 10,000 plants are set to excite and attract everyone from the y beginner to the largest commercial oer and freightis free for flasks and small plants. This catalogue also includes information on plant classification, a glossary of orchid terms and award abbreviations. Thereisevena listofnew orchid names selected from over 400 new names granted to Valley Orchids by the inteinan pal registration authority over ne last 10 years. Valley Orchids new 1988 catalogue is essential reading for anyone whois interested in Cymbidiums. Send for your free copy. oes epi Se Bob & Maureen Nicolle VALLEY ORCHIDS PIMPALA ROAD MORPHETT VALE 5162 SOUTH AUSTRALIA Phone:(08) 3812609 International:(618) 381 2609 FAX:(08) 381 8335 | Please send me your 1988 Cymbidium catalogue The Brazilian orchids are spectacular and hardy and York’s plants are good-sized and in fine condition. Each year the South ~ American species become rarer and more expensive but, for _ A.O.R. readers. York offers a bonus plant with all orders over “ $250. YORK MEREDITH wants to reduce his stocks of BRAZILIAN ORCHID SPECIES Pick from Australia’s greatest collection, including these hard-to-find Cattleyas. Cattleya aclandiae: marbled gold-tan wit Catt. granulosa: showy green with a wide, striped, rosy labellum. contrasting, spotted, maroon lip. 1.... $35 Catt. amethystoglossa: purple spots on C. harrisoniana: bright rose, lavender pink! A tall-growing beauty. 1.... $50 flowers in summertime! Cl.... $30 Catt. bicolor v. braziliensis: copper- green with brilliant, wide magenta lip. C. harrisoniana v. alba: tremendous rarity! Collector's special! Few only .... $70 TREMENDOUS ARRAY GREAT BRAZILIAN ONCIDIUMS O. barbatum: compact beauty; panicles of bright yellow with chestnut. Ns O. crispum: robust plants. Many flowers, copper-red to olive brown. l.. O. concolor: pendant sprays of lemon flowers in spring-summer. I-H..... $40 O. divaricatum: tall branching spikes of yellow and brown in Autumn. 1.... $50 O. enderianum: large brown with yellow flowers. Something special. I-H..... $40 O. forbesii: large sprays of spectacular yellow-brown flowers. Autumn. I... $30 O. duveenii: A rare one. York hasn't seen it flower. Take the gamble. .. $35 O. longipes: attractive small clumps with gore sprays of 30mm flowers. 1... $30 pulvinatum: long arening sprays, yellow flowers with red-spotted lip. .. $3: O. pumilum: small mule-ear type tay generous Sprays of yellow flowers. I... $35 O. raniferum: loads of small, red- -spotted yellow flowers on branching sprays car SH) O. sarcodes: long-lasting, glossy Chest with yellow flowers, 3-4cms across. . $35 O. varicosum v. rogersi: the famous one with the wide ‘dancing lady’ skirt. «$40 O. dasystyle: flowers pale yellow with an almost black crest. I-H..... $35 AMERICAN FIR BARK. York has imported it for years because there’s simply nothing better for growing orchids. ‘Medium’ for Cattleyas and such, ‘Fine’ for seedlings and most of the species. $24.50 a 2 cut. bag with a 20% discount for eleven bags or more. Freight is extra, of course. In Victoria, you can buy direct from York's agent, “Fertool”. _ YORK MEREDITH ORCHIDS, Little Willandra Road, Cromer, NSW 2099. Ph. (02) 971 6321 C. Golo brazllensis AND RARITIES LIKE BRAZILIAN GROBYA G. amherstiae: (related to Cyrtopodium). Up to ten greenish-translucent flowers, purple spots, 15 cm sprays. Warm .... $30 Promenaea xanthina: pretty bright yellow and red flowers on compact plant. Rodriguezia venusta: fragrant white sprays; grows in shade. |.... $30 Scuticaria hadwenii: yellow/brown firs. to 7.5cm. Whip-like leaves. I-H .... $30 Cirrhaea dependens: a weirdo, something like Gongora. Grow in shade. Ie Encyclia megalantha: green-gold flowers, with pink on lip. Long sprays. ” Gomesa crispa: many-flowered, yellow to green, on Oncid.-like plant. .. $25 YES, BANKCARD WELCOME: ie mene full postal address, personal signature and expiry date of card. Add $15 for packing and to-your-door freight, for any size order. ‘HYPONEX’ THE PROPORTIONER It's solid brass, it has “back flow preventative”, mixer that applies plant food or insecticides accurately, easily and safely through your hose. York uses it in the nursery. He imports it from U.S.A. For 1” hose connection; adapts’ to $29.50 (postage $2 to $5) whatever your hose size is. it's a syphon C. labiata: big rose-lavender. One of the great, historic originals. 1... $35 C. loddigesii v. alba: rarely-seen treasure! Elegant pure white. |.... $60 C. velutina: = Tawny — gold, eR Fe with a great ruby lip. 40 AND GREAT BRAZILIAN LAELIAS! L. cinnabarina: big, showy Oran flowers with red-purple lip. Cr L. crispa: handsome white, wavy- edged petals, yellow & purple on lip. I-H .... $40 L. flava: long stems of strong yellow flowers in May/June. Girao35 L. flava v. sulina: yellow flowers as above, but 4cms. in diameter! C..... $40 L. harpophylla: short sprays, dramatic orange-red flowers 5-7cms. dia. C.... $40 L. pumila: small bulbs, big deep rose flowers in late summers. C.... $30 L. liliputiana: tiny grower with cute flowers. Grow in strong light. .. $30 L. kautskyi: so rare it’s complete mystery to York. Good Luck! om Sikh) L. perrinil: showy, _ like Paes but rose-purple. Spring-summer. soa tll) THE LIVELY LEPTOTES! The leptotes are compact, free-flowering, un- usual and showy; do well on blocks in a cool glasshouse in Sydney. L. bicolor: terete leaves, white magenta flowers in winter and spring. I-H_.... $25 L. unicolor: more compact, violet-rose .... $25 L. tenuis: something rare and unusual .... $25 SUPER SOPHRONITIS! S. coccinea: bright red jewel flowers sparkle from tiny bulbs . $24 S. brevipedunculata: Rosy-red flowers in late Autumn. Cooler-growing 925 Sophronitella violacea: similar to above but with bright rose-violet fls. .. $25 “4 iS ; Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 CONTENTS: VOLUME 54-NO.2 APRIL 1989 ARTICLES: Back to the Species .............00 Growing Orchids in the Top End Hybridizing the Elusive Yellow-Green Phalaenopsistrenmmnsrartnertrsmtritrercterreriirtt: 12 Judging of the Genus Stanhopea............:cceeeeeeee 17 The Humble Grass Orchid Cymbidium Sauve . A'Superior ParentStesmcmertaesnt-immertrnrt tatters. Ira Butlers rophiySerattrssseatereersesrettrteritteritrctrserrssts They Say It Does Not Happen...........ccccsceeseeeeseeeeees Effects of slow release |.B.D.U. Ultragenous Fertilizer on the Winter Growth of Young Cymbiditim Orchids temresscsesntecessrtteeseeteccre teers: 25 Acase of Mistaken Identity ............::cceseseeeseseseseseeees 27 Sarcochilus Cecilia@............:ccsscesssssesesssscesetetbeoeesees 28 Regular Features: Booki Review Suimmemtimrntictivcrarietcrrsrctetre tt: 39 Letters toi hejEditorsernenernietecestvetisettertrsentyirrers 11 Buyers Glide Bemrmenertssn-ccrttccctetrccrret tert rreerrrs 47 Cover: Ann Dor x Drumroy x O.harryanum (See article Back to the Species in Odontoglossums) Advertisers: Deadline for advertising copy for June issue is April 10, 1989. Articles for publication consideration should be sent to: AOR Editor David Wallace 90 Great Western Highway Blaxland, NSW 2774 All other correspondence to: AOR Publisher Graphic World 14 McGill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 ERRATA THE RETURN OF THE COUNT. February issue 1989. Page 5, paragraph 4, line 4 corrections: — only a few species such as D. severa, D. berthae and D. cochliopsis send their inflorescence up vertically or arching, it is normal for most species to have their inflorencence pendant. Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 NATIONAL HERA nt VICTORIA \ ae | he noe eelonimmeenc sae Australian Orchid Review A ONE YEAR SUBSCRIPTION COVERS 6 ISSUES AND A TWO YEAR SUBSCRIPTION COVERS 12 ISSUES. Please tick 0 Renewal (0 New Sent to Graphic World Pty. Ltd., 14 McGill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia ONE YEAR (6 ISSUES) 0 $A29.50 1 $NZ41.00 or $A34.00 O US$34.00 (O $NZ49.00 or $A41.00 ~ (1 US$44.00 TWO YEARS (12 ISSUES) 0 $A55.00 (1 $NZ75.00 or $A64.00 0 US$62.00 1 $NZ94.00 or $A79.00 0 US$80.00 Australia New Zealand (Sea Mail) Overseas (Sea Mail New Zealand (Air Mail) Overseas (Air Mail) Enclosed is my cheque for .............. (Payable to Graphic World Pty Ltd) or charge my [Bankeard Mastercard 0 CEE) ein date PET Mr/Mrs/Ms ...... open abicrro bie ri6 He Aue tan iaeea Signature: samen ss ene ee ACCIOSS Reet enter el Mere eG ie ied Soa hn shivadlt cout secon a Bes eels Va ale ee een wale wee ele FG UIOIGOUG oe ee cee es ICIS MHONC (7 Je tw WINTER WONDER ‘Jenny’ (WINTER WONDER ‘Wow’ x WINTER WONDER ‘Snowball’) This huge green, from our 8218 cross carried nine blooms on its first flowering in July 1988. Each of the three new growths has initiated and will produce flowers for this season. In 1988 the Winter Wonders gave an exciting glimpse of their worth as parents producing fine whites, yel- lows and apple greens. For beautiful seeding crosses write for our free mailing list. Nursery, 22 Cook Street, Kurnell, NSW, Australia 2231 (near Sydney International Airport) Telephone: (02) 668 9374. International (612) 668 9374 Nursery open Friday (all day), Saturday morning. INTERSTATE AND OVERSEAS VISITORS WELCOME ANYTIME. BACK TO THE SPECIES IN Odontoglossums A3 part series on: BACK TO THE SPECIES IN Odontoglossums PART 1 Odontoglossum harryanum PART 2 Odontoglossum cirrhosum PART 3 Odontoglossum bictoniense Odontoglossum harryanum (Odm. harryanum — a species from Columbia) SLIDE 1 From time to time in the history of hybridizing innovative breeders often take a step backwards in order to further advance their line of endeavour. A classic example of this is perhaps in modern Paphiopedilum breeding where species have been used in combination with mod- ern hybrids to produce stunning results. Odontoglossum breeding in Australia has never been much in evidence until Gerald McGraith put his hand to the task over the last decade. While the majority of his crosses were made _ with _ typical Charlesworth type Odontoglossum and Odontioda hybrids, he did every now and again use species such as Odontoglossum rossi & O. carniferum. The results were exciting, offering different colour pat- terns, growth habits and above all charac- ter. At Mt. Beenak we also looked to several other species parents and several years ago imported flasks from Keith Andrew in England, one of the great innovative hybridizers in the world. The species involved in the hybrids we purchased were O. harryanum and O. cirrhosum. This first article looks at our discoveries in blooming O. harryanum seedlings and what the future holds for breeding O. harryanum hybrids. Our first thrill upon deflasking several crosses all with O. harryanum as one parent was the very evident vigour these seedlings had. Right from first plant-out the seedlings grew well and had a natural strength not seen in most complex hy- brids. They also matured fast and the first seedling flowered undér 18 months ex flask. However it’was not for three years and beyond when the plants matured, that we began to see the flowers in their true glory. 4 Before we look at some of the progeny flowered from the initial crosses I must make clear that O. harryanum was used extensively in the past and many fine hybrids were bloomed and awarded. I was given an R.H.S. award painting that hangs in my lounge room of O. Magnificant (SLIDE 2). This received an AM/RHS in 1922. The parentage shows O. harryanum as the grandparent on both sides. While it does not have the distinctive look that primary O. harryanum hybrids have, one can see much of the shape and largish square lip that is so prominant in the lineage. Our first seedling to flower was Odontonia Royen x O. harryanum, we subsequently named this Oda. Corrida. The flowers were very bold and striking with dramatic markings of red, brown and white. (SLIDE 3) The lip, one of the great O. harryanum features, was almost miltoniopsis like in its size but lacking the violet colour that often carries through. Subsequent bloomings saw these bloom with 15 or more flowers and _ straight strong spikes. Further seedlings of this cross showed similar results but a few had unusual copper tonings with some violet 1. Odm. harryanum appearing around the labellum (SLIDE 4). Next to bloom was O. harryanum x Oda. Argia ‘‘Argus’’. Oda. Argia is an old Odontioda bred by Charlesworth in the early thirties, a fine red that parented the famous Oda. Colwell and others. This cross is registered as Oda. Tasca. The majority have been intensely dark reds. Here for the first time we saw the violet lip coming through, though much stronger in colour than in O. harryanum itself. The flowers all have somewhat ruffled look some say detracts from the quality but to my mind says ‘‘vive la difference”’ (SLIDE 5). One of our first seedlings to flower as a very young plant was from the crossing of the famous Odm. Stonehurst *‘Yellow”’ AM/RHS to Odm. harryanum. It carried but a single flower it was striking, a good one to grow on. The flower was picked and the plant grew rapidly to bloom some time months later with five flowers. Evidently these would be good growers, others of the cross were flowering too and showed similar class. Our best variety of this cross now named O. Yellow Harry” gained __— Best Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 Odontoglossum at the 10th Australian Orchid Conference in Adelaide. Quite an achievement for a primary hybrid! (SLIDE 6) The photograph will tell the story, show- ing the bold yellow & brown colouration but will not convey the tremendous sub- stance these flowers have. Many odonto- glossums are lacking in this area. The lip so often small and pinched is here bold flat and carrying the violet pigment. Shape is poor by modern Odont. standards but flower size is large at 100mm. Thankfully this cross proved to be quite fertile and we have made a number of selective crosses to utilize the obvious useful traits, how- ever finding mates is not easy even from our substantial collection. Fortunately growers overseas have been more than free with pollen for us to use. ‘Our final hybrid I wish to review came not from Keith Andrew but from Andrew Easton. Andy hasn’t made enough Odont. crosses for my liking for those we have seen are different and colourful. The cross in question was (Oda. Ann Dore x Oda. Drumroy) x O. harryanum (SLIDE 7). Again growability was tremendous, hardly a seedling succumbed. Flowering was fast, plants almost always flowering before two years old, not good for the plants but hard to resist a quick peak to see what’s in store for the future! Colour and pattern was very varied with yellow or white base colour barred, blotched, or spotted in varying hues of red, orange or brown. Shape varied from open to quite filled in but still having that distinct O. harryanum look that is so appealing. With all the O. harryanum hybrids we have grown, plant vigour is excellent; hot day temperatures while not enjoyed are at least tolerated. Root systems seem less damaged by injudicious watering and plant growth seems to keep going all year round. Flower production in these crosses is very good but often erratic in season. Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 5. Oda. Tasca “Dark Carmen” a a a_i eS 6. Odm. Yellow Harry “Conference” 2. Odm, Magnificent The same variety will often flower in Spring one year then late. Autumn another or even mid Summer, though this is to be discouraged as flower quality is poor during hot weather. While our experience at Mt. Beenak covers only a handful of crosses we are certain that O. harryanum will continue as a major parent in our breeding program. Many primary crosses have never been made, let alone seen in bloom. O. Crispo — Harryanum remade by Andy Easton recently bloomed for us and would excite the most jaded palate. Andy also remade O. Elaine (O. harryanum x O. cirrhosum) spectacular would be the only way to describe these and in our next article we will look at O. cirrhosum and some of its progeny. @ Clive Halls Mt. Beenak Orchids R.S.D. 92, Three Bridges Victoria 3797 Cattleya Mericlone Flask (30-40 plants/per flask) SM214 __ SIc. Precious Stones “True Beauty” AM/AOS US$ 40 fre SM220 Blc. Malworth Sunset “Orchidglade” US$ 50 C. NETRASIRI BEAUTY SM222 Pot. Fuchsia Fantasy “Orchidglade” AM/AOS US$ 60 SM223 Lctna. Roye Field “Caesar’s Creek” AM/AOS US$ 50 SM248 __ Lc. Yung Hwa “Venus” AM/AOS-OSROC US$ 60 SM250 Blc. Honolulu Sunset “Waikida” US$ 50 SM253 _ Bic. Gold of Tainan “South Green” AM/RHS US$ 80 SM257 Slc. Pumpkin Festival “Cheng Ching” AM/OSROC US$ 60 SM261 Lc. Rosina Richardson “Sun Moon Beauty” US$100 SM269 Blc. Owen Holmes “Tainan Beauty” US$ 75 SM270 __ Bic. (Yellow Peril x Malworth) “Sun Moon Beauty” US$ 75 | SM276 Blc. Chinese Beauty “Miss Universe” US$ 80 }SM282 Sc. Golden Wax “Wu” US$ 50 SM283 Blc. Toshie Aoki “Pizazz” AM/AOS US$ 40 SM287 _ Bic. Edisto “Red Fantasy” US$ 60 SM292 _— Hasegawaara Scully's Tipperary “The Queen” US$ 50 Ble. [(Yellow peril x Malworth) SM294 Bic. Rattanakosin “Wu” US$ 50 x Sunset Bay] “Tainan Beauty” SM298 Slc. Wendy’s Valentine “June” US$ 40 SM300 Bic. (Pirate King x Purple Ruby) “Tainan Beauty” US$ 75 SM302 Blc. Angkinantana “Tainan Beauty” US$ 60 SM304 Blc. Bold Ruler “Shonan” US$ 50 SM305 C. Califlora “Z1030” US$ 40 SM309 Le. Men Sangah Chit “Yen” US$ 50 SM310 Blc. Dawson City “Mendenhall” US$ 50 SM311 __ Bic. (Chine x Fortune) “Sun Moon Beauty” AM/OSROC US$ 95 SM313_ _— Pot. Alyce Kaiser “Orchid Center” US$ 60 SM314 Bic. Frank Fordyce “Borneo Gal” US$ 50 SM318 Bic. [(Yellow Peril x Malworth) x Sunset Bay] “Tainan US$100 Beauty” SM361 Blc. Irquois Trail ‘““Midfarm” FCC/AOS US$ 40 Blc. Chinese Beauty SM377 Blc. Owen Holmes “Black Pearl” US$ 70 “Miss Universe” Discounts: Over US$ 500............006 eserscnttrstecsttttsets Less 10% OVETUSS UV O00 tieccceccscsstecssssecosssssesteeseees Less 15% Special offer: Complete set of above 30 varieties for US$1,400. Please send US$3.00 for latest catalog. Australian & New Zealand Agents wanted. Please contact us for further details. P.O. Box 32, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic China Tel: (06) 235 0691 Fax: (06) 236 8811 Blc Rattanakosin “Nonelik” AM/CST + Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 BURLEIGH PARK ORCHID NURSERY Propagators of the finest Orchid Species Flasks, Compots, 2” pot, 3” pot, 4” pot seedlings, Near flowering and Flowering size plants. Flasks: 35 to 40 seedlings from $20.00. Miniflasks: 8 to 10 seedlings from $9.00. FLASKING NOW: Phalaenopsis violacea, mannii. Cattleya dowiana var aurea, bicolor var Braziliense, porphryoglossa. Dendrobium lineale var yellow, monophyllum, epidendropsis, bigibbum phalaenopsis alba x alba, cruentum, dearei. Laelia purpurata var rosea, harpophylla, gloedeniana, breigerii. Jumellea major. Ancistrochilus rothschildiana. Eulophia geniculata. Ceylon species. Cyrtopodium punctatum. COMPOTS: (About $1 per seedling in compot). Dendrobium Hilda Poxon. Peristeria elata. Spathoglottis chrysantha yellow. Grammatophyllum elegans, measuresianum. 2” POT established growing seedlings: Ansellia africana. Broughtonia sanguinea. Brassavola glauca. Cattleya dormanniana, dowiana, dowiana aurea, intermedia var Maria faceira, luteola, nobilior. Dendrobium broomfieldii, atroviolaceum, clavator, cochlioides, dearei, delacourii Vietnam, green antelope, hildebrandtii, lineale var samarai, racemosum, sanguinolentum, speciosum compactum, sylvanum, talasea, thrysiflorum. Dipodium ensifolium. Epidendrum bracescens, cochleatum, dichromum, stenopetalum. Habenaria species white. Laelia pumila Dayana. Oncidium lanceanum, stacyii. Phalaenopsis schilleriana, sumatrana. Spathoglottis chrysantha, affinis x chrysantha. Trichoglottis luzonensis. 3” POT seedlings, well advanced: Angraecum leonis. Bulbophyllum dearei. Cattleya bowringiana “Black Prince” x self, dormanniana, dowiana aurea, dowiana “Rosita” x self, elongata, guttata, labiata, luteola “Brazil” (NFS). Dendrobium affine (F/S), smilleae, taurinum, Epidendrum cochleatum. Habenaria species white. Hexisea bidentata. Laelia acuminata, pumila dayana, purpurata carnea, rupestris., Trichoglottis brachiata. 4” POT near flowering size and flowering size plants: SEND NOW for your free 22 page 1989 PLANT AND SEEDLING PRICE LIST. (A stamp would be appreciated for fast return). Bulbophyllums, Angraecums, Aerangis, Dendrobes, Cattleyas, Laelias, Oncidiums, Eulophias and stacks more. FLASKING MEDIAS: G & B Mother flask and Replate medias available, hobby litre size or bulk. 1419 ROSS RIVER ROAD, KELSO, THURINGOWA, QLD. 4815. “°'°! Phone: (077) 74 0008 19 MAI TROMAL HER Lot 18 Dandenong-Hastings Road Langwarrin, Vic. 3910 Phone (03) 782 2668 BUSINESS HOURS: Closed Mondays Open: Tues to Sat 1pm to 4.30pm Sun & all Holidays 10am to 4.30pm Introducing: Cym. (Kumamoto X Durham Castle) ““Maytime”’ The crossings on offer will produce superior shape and colour and, hopefully, retain the very early flowering time now being sought by growers. Limited stocks Seedlings in flask from ‘‘Maytime”’ are offered in our 1989 Cymbidium flask list, which is now available on request. ‘‘Maytime’’, which we suspect is a chance tetraploid, flowers consistantly mid-May. While the flower segments are not completely filled in, its shape is better than average for this time of year. It will produce whites and pinks. Our interstate agents are: WESTERN AUSTRALIA Perth Orchids Lot 17 Rockingham Road, Henderson, W.A. 6166 PH: (09) 410 1729 TASMANIA Burrow’s Nursery 160 Tasman Hwy. Bicheno, Tas. 7125 PH: (003) 75 1172 remain unsold. ‘“‘Maytime’’ is but one of our early flowering cymbidiums. We also have tetraploid miniature and intermediate cymbidiums which flower as early as February in various colours. Crossings made from these parents rarely reach our flask lists because we have a backlog of clients wanting this type of material. To be placed on our mailing lists, please write to us direct. SOUTH AUSTRALIA Kevin Turner 47 Yulinda Terrace Para Hills S.A. 5096 PH: (08) 265 4761 SioWyone Orcuip Nurseries AA) “W.S.W. Central Coast Orchid Specialists” TOP EXCLUSIVE CYMBIDIUM MERICLONES . SYLVAN STAR ‘SNOW QUEEN’ — 12 x 12cm white July blooms, pink flush centre. . WILLIAM HERTRICH ‘WYONG?’ — 15 plus superb May blooms — gold in the sun to green in shade. SYLVATION ‘WYONG’ Still one of the best pink orchids available in Australia today — late July/August. AVAILABLE IMMEDIATELY — $16 ea plus fright, direct from WYONG ORCHIDS or OUR AGENT IN YOUR STATE: Q’LD. TAMBORINE MOUNTAIN ORCHIDS (075) 45 1303 VIC. SPLENDID EXOTIC ORCHIDS & FERNS (052) 75 3931 W.A. CHELITA FARM ORCHIDS (097) 55 5440 S.A. CYMBIDIUM CITY ORCHIDS (08) 264 6126 WYONG ORCHIDS OFFER AN EXTENSIVE RANGE OF ORCHID GENERA, CYMBIDIUM, CATTLEYA, DENDROBIUM, SLIPPER, AUSTRALIAN NATIVE HYBRIDS ETC. FROM OUR VERY VALUABLE AGENCIES FOR TAMBORINE MOUNTAIN ORCHIDS (Q’D), WONDABAH ORCHIDS (N.S.W.) AND DOWN UNDER NATIVE ORCHIDS (N.S.W.) — Free, friendly advice. OPEN 7 DAYS Send 78¢ stamp for catalogues — Full mail order credit card facilities. Wyone Orcuip Nurseries [i] ssc rn cnc mora ny Since January, our fine ultra early cymbidiums have been appreciated by many visitors to the nursery. Divisions of selected plants are available from the nursery. Many mericlones are available in spike as well as numerous well grown seedlings in 5” pots. Unfortunately for personal visitors only. All visitors are invited to come and see our display of flowering plants. We are open on Fridays from 9am to 5pm and on Saturdays ia from 9am to 12.30pm. Cym. SUNBREEZE AUTUMN GOLD’ Please write or call for our exciting current flask and community pot list. Our 3” pot list is a new list and like the flasks and com- munity pots, the 3” pots can be sent by mail order. Sra WRITTEN/COMPILED BY LYN BATES ORCHID SOCIETY OF THE NORTHERN TERRITORY “You can’t grow orchids in Darwin!’’ was the emphatic statement made 20 years ago to all newcomers to the Top End. Indeed, with ‘‘Wet’’ season temperatures at a consistent 33 degrees C, high hu- midity and monsoonal rains from Decem- ber to March, followed by a ‘“‘Dry’’ of almost 8 months of cloudless, blue skys and temperatures seldom below 20 degrees C even at night, the Top End of the Northern Territory hardly provided the ideal conditions for the orchids grown by the average Australian. Some of the newcomers, however, were determined pioneers and were also facing in a different direction. Instead of attempt- ing to relocate the familiar Cymbidiums and Cattleyas which thrived in Australia’s Southern climes, they looked to S.E. Asia and our near northern neighbours for tropical species and their hybrids. From the jungles of Indonesia, Malaysia, Thai- land and the Philippines came magnificent Vandas and Phalaenopsis: The tropical lowlands of Papua New Guinea gave up their Ceratobium Dendrobiums: Similarly harsh climates in South America produced Oncidiums, Epidendrums and Encyclias: Brassovolas and Cattleyas came in from Brazil. This small band of ‘‘pioneers’’ grouped themselves together on 29 April 1974 to form the Darwin Orchid Society, with the specific purpose of pooling their experi- ences with tropical orchids and changing the established thinking on orchids grow- ing in this climate. Dennis Hearne, noted for his extensive work in plant tissue culture, became the Foundation President of the Society. They held their first orchid display in July of that year at the Darwin Show. The then North Australian Show Society Inc. allocated them a corner of the old tin shed and the ladies (including Rosemary Bromwich, Janet Raby and Clem Kelly) under supervision by Ralph Handcock (then a young lad of a mere 84 Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 years) set up a small but varied display which surprised and _ intrigued the showgoers. I can, myself, recall remarking while studying a high strapleaf Vanda, ‘‘That’s not an orchid!’’ The general public and I had a lot to learn! The display had shown that orchids of many genera were being successfully grown in Darwin. Education and familiar- isation was the key to acceptance of these lovely plants by the average gardener. The enthusiasts had taken a positive step in the right direction. By dawn on the morning of 24 December 1974 however, Cyclone Tracy had ravaged Darwin. The survivors crawled from their places of refuge to view the devastation with disbelief. From amongst the debris of homes, household possessions and ruined Christmas presents, orchid growers sal- vaged what little they could find of their orchid collections. Many people were evacuated to the South for varying periods of time. Those who remained attempted to save what plants they could for their owners’ return. On 3 February 1975 a Meeting was called which was attended by 16 people. With Mrs Nancy O’Hara in the Chair, the Orchid Society was set firmly on the road to rehabilitating the orchid gardens of Darwin. Though the Society’s battered cash tin revealed only one $5 note and a $1 note — both totally mouldy — offers of assistance came in from many people and Orchid Societies. Gifts ranged from money with which to purchase shade cloth and replace books, to flasks of orchids which were distributed amongst Society members. Enthusiasm increased and Judging Classes were commenced in June 1975, under the auspices of the Queensland Orchid Society. The Chairman of the Judging Committee was Ralph Handcock who had long and valuable experience with orchids, having owned an Orchid Nursery in Sylvania, N.S.W. Ralph, a Life Member of the Sutherland Shire Orchid Society and an accredited Orchid Judge of many years standing, was also the author of two books which for many years were the only works written by an Australian for orchid growers in Australia. These books are still in print, and Ralph Handcock, now in his 94th year, is still a valued and active member of the Orchid Society of the Northern Territory (as the Darwin Orchid Society is now named), having been made Life Member in 1978. The Queensland Orchid Society sent us a regular supply of colour slides and on several occasions funded visits to Darwin by members of their own Judging Panel to help in Darwin’s lonely quest to produce accredited Judges — lonely not only because of the vast distances between this Society and the rest of Australia, but also because of the great differences in the orchid genera which are grown here. In June of 1976 Darwin was fortunate indeed to receive the donation by John Womersley, former Resident Botanist in Lae, Papua New Guinea, of his private collection of approximately 700 orchid plants. This valuable collection of Vandas, Renantheras, Arachnis and Ascoglossum was eventually established at the Darwin Botanic Gardens in a new display house, and on long lines of the local “‘‘sand palm’’ trunks set in large outdoor beds. John Wormersley was impressed by the. progress made in the rehabilitation of old, damaged plants and the development of local orchid collections since Cyclone Tracy. Darwin residents were taking un- precedented interest in their gardens. Gone were the unrelieved, drying expanses of lawn. These were being enhanced with plantings of palms, shrubs and trees of all kinds. Darwin was turning into a green, tropical oasis, complete with tropical or- chids! Encouraged by Society displays and plant sales tables which sold only plants — which would thrive and flower here, people were discovering that small collec- tions of tropical orchids were very easy to ‘maintain and flower in Darwin. Establish- ing the correct environment is the key, and interest has grown so much that Darwin now boasts, three Orchid Societies, the Orchid Society of the Northern Territory, the Nightcliff Orchid Society and the newly formed country group, the Litchfield Orchid Club. It was in one of these “‘oasises’’ that the first idea of forming an Orchid Society con. on p. 33 10 Florafest Orchids John Woolf (Manager) P.O. Box 7011, TOOWOOMBA, 4352 TELEPHONE (076) 30 1102 A.H. (076) 34 2953 LABORATORY AND NURSERY OPEN BY APPOINTMENT ONCIDIUM ALLIANCE c= All plants Ex. 50mm pots 10% Discount on Purchases to $100 — 15% Discount on Purchases over $100 This offer applies to all plants listed in the Oncidium Alliance Section of our 1989 #1 Catalogue 0222 Odm.bictoniense x Onc. Yurla (Lava Flow x crispum) $5.00 Bictoniense carries brown & green flowers pink label x glossy brown crispum hybrid 0223 Odm. bictoniense x self $5.00 Bictoniense carries brown & green flowers pink label (Mexico) Species. 0225 Odm. bictoniense x Oda Matanda $5.00 Agreen and brown flower with mauve lip crossed with a dark purple Oda. 0348 Onc. (Ritzy x Purple Envy) x Hawaian Gold ‘Black Claret’ $3.00 @ Equitant e Excellent pink x beautiful flower brown petals, red mask lavender edge. 0350 Onc. Persian Market x Golden Sunset ‘Red & White’ $3.00 @ Equitant ¢ Multicoloured blooms crossed here with a large White Red markings. 0450 Odtna. Debutante x Onc. Maculatum $5.00 Large sprays of red/brown blooms crossed with a good maculatum. Lots of Blooms! 0451 Odtna. Debutante x Onc. leucochilum $5.00 Lovely brown, red/white Odtna. x many green flowers black/brown with white lip. 0489 Onc. Gloria Hill = (stramineum x Red Stone) FI. Size $10.00 Onc. stramineum has pendulous sprays cream flowers. Redstone has deep orange flowers. 0531 Odtna. Debutante x Odm. Ostro $5.00 Beautifully marked blooms on large sprays. 0538 Oda Omeo $12.50 White background mauve to deep purple markings N.FS. 0602 Onc Sarcatum (sarcodes ‘Red’ x spacelatum) $5.00 Large sprays of yellow flowers with black/brown markings. 0627 Onc. (Buffy x Gremlin) x Sunset Fort $3.00 © Equitant @ Pinks of excellent quality. 0638 Odcm. Tiger Butter x Odm bictoniense ‘Bolin’ $3.00 Another excellent Tiger Butter cross. 0728 Onc. Cutie Pie x (Purple Envy x Welly) $3.00 © Equitant e A good light pink crossed with a bright purple. 0851 Onc. Hawaian Gold ‘Black Claret’ x Wilbur ‘Wilma’ $3.00 e Equitant e A black red crossed with a white red spotting. 0885 Onc. Hawaian Gold ‘Black Claret’ x Persian Market $3.00 © Equitant e A black red crossed with a multi-coloured red/brown/purple. 0969 Onc. Robsan ‘Circus Clown’ : $3.00 Equitant e An excellent Mericlone of this fine clone. This is a leader in this line of breeding! -0971 Ono. Robsan ‘Spots’ (Mericlone) $6.00 © Equitant @ Mericlone. Large Golden yellow flowers — fine brown peppering on labellum. 1029 Onc. Makali ‘Gotah’ $7.50 Mericlone. Very fine yellow & black/brown blooms. 1137 Maclellenara Pagan Lovesong ‘Everglades’ (Mericlone) $5.00 Warm growing with tall spikes of large yellow glowers barred with brown. 1236 (Milt. Bluntii x Onc. varicosum) ‘Burnt Gold’ x Onc. Yurla $5.00. Many flowered with large orange labellum crossed with a deep chocolate crispum hybrid. 1237 (Milt. Bluntii x Onc. varicosum) ‘Burnt Gold’ x Onc. Sultamyre ‘Therese’ $5.00 Many flowered orange labellum crossed with large gold varicosum hybrid. 1238 Onc. bictoniense x hyphaematicum $3.00 Crossing for extremely long sprays of colourful blooms. 1344 Vuyl. Cambria ‘Plush’ (Mericlone) $5.00 Mericlone. An ever popular deep purple. 1461 Mtdm. Richard Peterson x Odcm. Gold Beach $5.00 Gold to orange blooms of excellent shape should result. Air Freight (Door to door) $11.00 Extra e Send a Stamp for a full plant & flask listing — All plants sent Bare Root Mail Order Specialists — Satisfaction Guaranteed — Commercial flasks available on request bankcard welcomehere Florafest . . . A festival of living color! Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 25 School Drive, Banksia Park, S.A. 5091 NURSERY OPEN May to October (incl) 10 am to 5 pm Sat/Sun SPECIALISING IN CYMBIDIUMS FROM ACROSS THE TASMAN Write now to be placed on our mailing list. CYMBIDIUM FLASKS WY C=Yd to} Co) al=omr- Tale fet=X=1o | Tale f=} We are cloning over 250 varieties of miniature, intermediate and standard cymbidiums. Many are available now priced at $20 per flask of 10. We also give bonus flasks (one per five) and free delivery in Australia for five or more flasks. Colchicine-treated mericlones are now available in tens for the same price. Seedling flasks, unless limited, are priced at $15 per flask of ten. Write or phone for our latest descriptive catalogue and deflasking instructions. KUDLA ORCHID NURSERY (Bob and Maureen Burns props.) 48 MAIN NORTH ROAD, KUDLA, S.A. 5115. PHONE: (08) 254 6351 after 5.30pm South Australian time. W.A. Agent: Keith Abbott Orchids, Lot 1 Beenyup Rd. Jandakot W.A. 6164. Phone (09) 417 1818. AH. (09) 457 2491 Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 Dear Sir, | Last spring (1988) I resumed the liquid feeding program given in Table 3 of my article on Salting (AOR Summer 1988). After about 6 treatments it was clear that the new emerging leaves were not greening up properly. The main iron source was changed from iron sulphate to solely iron EDTA chelate. The liquid fertilizer thus became more closely aligned with Bill Johnson’s formula. Satisfactory greening up occurred after this change in formulation. I must also report that something strik- ing happened during this period. In a fairly large number of both young and older plants, their new shoots were growing at about a 30 degree angle to the horizontal at the start of liquid ‘feeding. By now they have straightened themselves up towards the vertical in -many plants. Some clones of course have not done so. No doubt some growing shoots have risen towards the light; some of the leads pointing towards the light rose only to about 30 degrees from the vertical, while those pointing in the less illumi- nated direction, are now close to verti- cal. Is this movement to the vertical common, or is it the effect of good feeding as Bill Johnson has suggested? . Answers to questions like this are hard to find in the more readily available orchid books. Does anyone have other opinions as to why this happens? Yours faithfully, Peter North-Coombes, 11 Fort Street, Mt Waverley, Victoria 3149 SUBSCRIPTION ORDER CURRENT FINANCIAL SUBSCRIBERS WILL HAVE THEIR SUBSCRIPTIONS ADJUSTED TO COVER THE NEW 6 ISSUES ANNUALLY. SUBSCRIBERS WILL BE ADVISED WITH THE NEXT ISSUE RENEW NOW FOR 1989/90 All overseas cheques (except New Zealand) must be in US dollars, or US dollar equivalent forcredit cards. Credit card subscriptions may be telephoned to (02) 560 6166 11 Bob Gordon (Because (1) this is too broad a field to review all the way back to the beginning of time and (2) I’m not into history, I’d like to look at just the past few years of activity in it; the most dramatic changes in yellow-green Phalaenopsis hybridizing have come about in that time.) A stately white Phalaenopsis spray is an elegant thing to behold; but tinged with green it becomes a hypnotic illusion, riveting the attention of the beholder. While many have tried to create a green phalaenopsis, the greens remain much a chance occurrence, defying any attempt to produce them by design. Many hybridizers have had to settle for a green-tinged yellow flower instead, but even this is a deceptive goal. A GOOD, BIG GREEN OR YELLOW- GREEN PHALAENOPSIS IS ONE OF THE MORE DIFFICULT GOALS IN ORCHID HYBRIDIZING. SADLY, FEWER HYBRIDIZERS ARE TRYING NOW THAN BEFORE. Oh, you’ll find a few hobbyists still trying, but not many and almost no commercial growers are doing any at all. Zuma Canyon does a few. John Miller of Anaheim, California, William Shaban of Chicago and Dr Steve Pridgen of Memphis are among the few serious green phalaenopsis breeders | know of, but they are exceptions. I’m not surprised. It’s hard to make a living on an effort as elusive as this one. Yellow-green phalaenopsis crosses are considered to be novelty breeding and are not, at this time, perceived by the buying public to be real (italics) orchids. When most people buy the few orchids they do in a lifetime, they want classical, conven- tional and conservative flowers like whites, pinks and stripes ... something that says the buyer is traditional-and well- bred. So, understandably, little commer- cial effort is put into yellow-green novelty breeding and almost nothing is being produced that is satisfying to the serious phalaenopsis admirer. The reality is if you want to grow yellow or yellow-green phalaenopsis, plan on making your own. I sought the advice of Dr Joe Arditti of the University of California at Irvine a few years ago on the subject of green phalaenopsis hybridizing and he suggested putting the greenest thing I had onto the next-greenest thing I had. Not a very 12 scientific approach, but. one that has worked well for mankind for thousands of years. It’s slow, but it works. The prin- ciple: If you want progeny with warts, use warty parents. While we know that two pigments, ¢he carotenoids and flavenoids, make yellows, THE CAUSE OF GREEN COLORING IN PHALAENOPSIS IS NOT CLEARLY UNDERSTOOD, so don’t feel bad if you don’t understand it either. It may be caused by an absence of pigmentation and the consequent dominance of the chloro- phyll colouring. Maybe. ABOUT HYBRIDIZING: My comments here are an update on yellow-green Phalaenopsis breeding and limited to first generation crosses . . . and to visible characteristics. There may be unseen genetic potential in any cross which could be brought out by back- crossing to one of the two original parents . or by selfing. This is an important point ... and we'll get to it again in a little bit. Green or yellow colouring in phalaenopsis in the past has usually been produced by the use of a white or light’ yellow and a P. amboinensis or P. lueddemanniana. P. fasciata has also been used, but to a lesser degree. This combin- | ation produced a light yellow or light green shading, but few plants, if any, with any appreciable intensity. This is still the easiest way to make light yellow or light green. Barring or markings are usually suppressed to some degree when it is put on a big white or a light yellow. Yellow or green colouring in a Phalaenopsis flower is lost from sight when it is crossed onto a colour darker than itself. The genetic tendency may still be there, but it will be hard to see. If you’ are using a parent of another colour for reasons of shape, spotting, or floriferous- ness, use one that is light-coloured or pale. Less chance of a strong pigment overpowering the fragile yellow-green. You won’t have any trouble finding these pale beauties .... no one else seems to want them. Sometimes an apparently-green clone will have suppressed or blocked pigmen- © tation. Dr Rob Griesbach refers to the phenomena as ‘blocked enzymes’ and the , | result is no colour except the background chlorophyll ... green. The latency of colour and markings has not gone away unless you have a true alba, one that selfs green or white. Herb Hager’s rule of thumb for hybridiz- ing, suggested at the 11th World Orchid Conference in Miami, is operative in developing yellow-green phalaenopsis just as in other colours and types .. . and is worth repeating here. It calls for (1) either back-crossing or self-pollination to reveal the whole spec- trum of qualities, including colour, that are available from any given clone and; (2) sibling-crossing to concentrate or fo- cus on a trait. This rule would be applied to yellow-green hybridizing by selfing a plant that has desirable qualities, then sib- crossing two of the progeny that best embody the colour and shape/size being sought. Dr Henry Wallbrun’s suggestion on back-breeding calls for re-introducing one of the two parents into a line of hybrids downstream of, its original use ... to search for a variety expected or hoped for. If the plant used is a species, the added benefit of species vigor can be had. The object of reintroduction . . . or repeated re- introduction ... . is to search for a variety that embodies the shape, colour or size that one parent had and to find it in combination with shape, size and colour- ing in the other parent. No new qualities are likely to be found in this kind of a cross and you're likely to throw away a lot of plants too, but you also may find a few superior varieties. That is what hybridiz- ing is all about and why it is so exciting. A useful approach to phalaenopsis hybridizing, parallel to Joe Arditti’s ad- vice, is that of colour-crosses and size- shape crosses. Most unconventional hybridizing (the kind that leads to break- throughs) is done with plants that are unalike in colour, shape, size and flower- ing habit. In working toward the goal of a large, _well-shaped, bright _— green phalaenopsis, I think it is helpful to cross a good green with first a colour-cross and then a size-shape cross ... on alternate generations to build toward the goal, in my case, of a 5-inch emerald-green. But don’t expect quick results. I certainly don’t. Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 The idea is to make the change gradually and thereby improve chances that a signi- ficant number of the progeny bear the qualities you are looking for. You may get lucky with a radical cross and find the one mutant that is what you are looking for to breed with. But, your chances of finding the Dream Green are much greater if you build on a stable base. Besides, you’ll have more to select from. Note that most commercial growers stick to the more conservative crosses. That way, they can sell their mistakes. (Ever notice that the longer good hybridizers have been at the game the more conservative they become? Herb Hager, after over 60 years in orchids, is still making small changes in his marvellous P. equestris crosses.) Conventional breeding wisdom calls for periodically re-introducing species or pri- mary crosses to add vigor and substance to the hybrids. Makes sense. WORK TOWARD A GOAL THAT YOU HAVE CLEARLY IN MIND. Don’t digress. To make what you want, design a gene package . . . (designer genes?) start- ing with the closest thing you have to what you’re looking for. Make a hybrid with it and keep the progeny that best embody the features of what you are trying to make. Work with the plants you have, adding new material from time to time if any appears promising. Talk to everybody you can find who knows anything about your subject. In a few short years, you’ll find you will have the best selection of plants available anywhere to do the job you want” to do. But, if you digress you have to start building all over again. But, like in business, be alert for some- thing that looks good even if it’s in another direction. If, for example, you’re trying to make a green . . . and a blue phalaenopsis falls out, for heaven’s sake, don’t trash it because it isn’t green! Be dedicated, but don’t be ridiculous. Some of man’s greatest inventions have turned up when, the inventor was trying to find something else. SOME GREEN-BREEDING SPECIES I hear people who say there are no ugly flowers ... just as there are no ugly children . . . but there are limits. You’re , stuck with your kids, but you can unload unpromising crosses. A standard P. micholitzii on a white produces a light green tone, but also imparts poor shape in most of its progeny. If you’re into ugly, go no further than right here. P. fuscata also imparts the poison pill of poor shape to most of its progeny, but not all. True, it gives some green colour, but you’ll need two or three generations to get rid of the lousy shape . . . and by that time the green is gone, too. P. cornu-cervi produces the same sorry result as P. micholitzii and Hugo Freed describes it as the perfect breeder: anything Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 you do to it will be an improvement. Ditto for P. heiroglyphica. P. mannii is not quite as bad, but a primary cross of P. mannii and P. amboinensis (P. Mambo) has pro- duced some lovely greens with so-so shape. Hybrids made with these species are best left to the pros. They can produce good results, but the majority are unsatisfactory and can lead the novice breeder to give up in despair. P. stuartiana on a white will often produce green colouring on the inside of the lower sepals in the same location as the red-lavendar on a borneo P. violacea. P. sumatrana will sometimes produce green on a white, but this result is unpredictable. (Put on a P. violacea, P. sumatrana produces what appears to be a red-orange P. violacea. P. sumatrana is often colour dominant; its other qualities appear to be recessive.) P. fimbriata on a white produces an exquisite silvery, icy-green, but the colour is fragile and does not come through well on subsequent generations. This colour is certainly worth looking into. P. cochlearis has the same shortcoming. The green colouring in P. violacea seems to be recessive at least in the first gener- ation. That brings up a point Henry Wallbrun made: a hybrid crossed back onto one of its parents can produce some startling colours. He crossed P. fuscata with P. violacea and made a rhubarb-: coloured P. Bee Ridge. When he put P. Bee Ridge back onto P. violacea, it made the pure green P. Bornean Emerald. P. leuddemanniana ochracea ‘Green- finch’ produces some green, but it is not strong. I think this could be a productive line. P. inscriptiosinensis has not been used to any great degree, but is certainly worth looking into when there are a few more around to work with. There are a number of primary hybrids that also produce green when put on a big white; P. Spica and P. Golden Pride come to mind quickly. Ken Griffith of Lenette Greenhouses in Kannapolis, NC advises that the P. Corona (cornu-cervi x amboinensis) he uses ... transmits yel- low colour better than any other yellow parent he has used. Further, apparently the P. Corona is dominant only in colour and is recessive in shape. This means the other parent’s shape will be evident in the seedlings. Sounds like it might be worth a ... AND P. AMBOINENSIS, OF COURSE. P. Liz Greenlees (amboinensis x Artienne) on a big white made the light: green Janet Gordon, a result typical of P. amboinensis on a big white. The green flashes on the tips of the sepals are characteristic of crosses made with P. Liz Greenlees on a big white. Most of the P. Janet Gordon cross came this way. I’ve back-crossed the best one to find a prime specimen with this feature and possibly enhance it by sib-crossing it with the next best. There were some good green P. Sarah Frances Pridgens (P. Barbara Moler x P. amboinensis). P. Golden Sands (P. lueddemanniana[?] on a big white) is a good source of yellow and often yellow-green. P. Golden Sands ‘Canary’ on P. Patricia Neal, a big white, made P. Meadowlark ‘Golden Eagle’. Then, Rob Griesbach made the beautiful, yellow P. Plover by crossing the P. Meadow Lark with P. amboinensis. P. Meadow Lark x P. Golden Spice, by P. Lady Doreen, a back cross, made P. Spicy ’ Gold and some excellent four and one-half inch yellow greens. P. Golden Amboin, a P. Golden Sands hybrid, by P. stuartiana made P. Flor Del Valle, several of which have been awarded. The African species Eurychone rothchildiana is compatible —_ with phalaenopsis...at least in theory. There is one cross registered in Sanders, but I have had only very limited success with the cross of Eurychone (pronounced yew- *rick-o-nee) and Phalaenopsis and have never progressed beyond the protocorm ' stage in the flask. I’m going to continue trying, though, because of the potential of the emerald-green throat on the 1-inch diameter flowers. I get giddy thinking of what that would look like on a 5-inch white Phalaenopsis. P. venosa BREEDING THE P. venosa OR P. psilantha IS THE MOST EXCITING THING TO HAPPEN IN YELLOW-GREEN BREEDING SINCE P. amboinensis. It may end up being a better yellow breeder than P. amboinensis. Its big contribution is a yellow, yellow-green, or yellow-orange background on the flower. Enterprising hybridizers everywhere are remaking all the good P. amboinensis crosses using P. venosa in its place. We should be up to our cross books in them shortly, because most of these have been made since 1984 when John Miller registered the first P. venosa cross. A P. venosa of dark brown or red-brown, colouring seem to produce a good percent-. age of yellows and yellow-greens. Yellow or green P. venosa (var. ochracea) produce a lower percentage and are quite likely to produce no apparent green colouring at all. John Miller crossed a brown P. venosa with the big white P: Mem. Anton Smith to make the P. Bob Gordon. Many of the cross were sterile to some degree, but a few breed well. P. venosa has had a confusing: past. Schlechter originally called it P. psilantha and described it a discrete speciés. It was later categorized as a synonym for P. modesta. Herman Sweet called it a syn- onym for P. amboinensis and Soon & Fowlie later re-described it as a new species and called it P. venosa. That’s where it stands...for now, at least. It is understandable that some thought P. venosa to be a P. amboinensis. It looks a lot like one except for the colour and that’s not far off. When Fred Thornton, Jr did the remake of the original P. Deventeriana (P. amabilis x P. amboinensis) that pro- duced ‘Treva’ and ‘Goldie’, he may have used a P. venosa thinking it was a P. amboinensis. THIS WOULD EXPLAIN WHY NO ONE HAS BEEN ABLE TO DUPLI- CATE the two famous yellow-green clones that Rex Smith named ‘Treva’ (AM/AOS) and ‘Goldie’ (HCC/AOS). (Rex got them from Fred.) A brown P. venosa on a big white frequently produces yellows that are strikingly similar to the two awarded clones of P. Deventeriana. Most of the results of breeding with green P. venosa that I’ve seen were less satisfactory than those of the brown P. venosa in the production of yellows and greens. I’ve heard some have been good, though. If P. Deventeriana ‘Treva’ was made with a P. venosa instead of a P. amboinensis as presumed, a P. venosa crossed back onto P. Deventeriana would be an example of back-cross breeding. This appears to be the case with the cross of P. Nancy Gordon (P. venosa x P. Deventeriana) which makes most offspring with intense yellow-green colouring, a result that might be expected from breeding back onto P. venosa. Surprisingly, there hasn’t been the wide variation in the different clones that might be expected. None have come clear yellow-green, yet, as I had hoped. P. Deventeriana has been a good source of yellow and_ yellow-green. P. Deventeriana by P. amboinensis made P. Suziana Wijanto...and when P. Deventeriana was crossed with a pathetic P. Mambo, made P. Sierra Gold. Roger Brown’s nearly-concolour yellow clone ‘Suzanne’ was awarded an FCC by the AOS. Markings from the P. venosa frequently disappear, sometimes completely, from the progeny of a cross with a white, pink or yellow, just as with P. amboinensis crosses. This is not the case, however, when the P. venosa is put on any other marked or barred flower. Then, the mark- , ings come through loud and clear with few exceptions, but the markings fade. P. venosa eats them. The results of the fading process are spectacular in that the yellow background seems to boom out of the sometimes drab flowers in a blaze of glory before the flower cdllapses. As brown-red P. venosa and its hybrids age, the red overlay on the yellow back- 14 ground fades, sometimes completely, leaving a strong yellow colouring. At first glance it appears as though the yellow is intensifying, but the fading of the red is the cause of the change. This overlay. fading quality is passed on to a good. percentage of P. venosa progeny ... at least to the first generation. Some of the cross of P. Bamboo Baby by P. venosa, P. Frances Melendez, came out nice. A few have been awarded. I haven’t seen a clear yellow or yellow-green one to date. (Do I need say I’m looking for a concolour yellow-green for breeding?) And, of course, P. venosa x P. Natalie Wood made the striking P. Bonnie Vasquez, two clones which have been awarded FCC’s. ‘Take’ rates of yellow-green crosses are about what you’d expect from novelty crosses. I’ve had about 50% make pods and about 20% of those produce good seed . or about 10% of the total attempts. The two P. venosa clones I’ve used for breeding, ‘Del Rosa’ and ‘Shamrock’, both produce good germination rates. I have two others, mature plants, that appear to date to be sterile or nearly so. This listing of yellows is in no way complete. They’re just a few I’ve dealt with. Many good, well-known yellows, like P. Golden Emperor, are not included here because I haven’t had any luck breeding with them and it doesn’t make a lot of sense to talk about hybridizing and show pictures of mules. As with the P. amboinensis, we’ve already seen that some P. venosa breed yellow backgrounds and some white. Like P. amboinensis, too, it will be necessary to use P. venosa to find what each variety will do. It’s going to be a slow process. You certainly can’t tell from appearances, but I suggest starting with the closest thing to an all-brown P. venosa you can find. There are some available commercially. A good bit of selfing and sib-crossing is going on, so some superior clones should show up soon. For the conservative or timid hybridizers, try starting with a brown P. venosa and cross it with a white or almost anything that has done well with an P. amboinensis in the past. Sanders and the Awards Quarterly are good sources of information on where to start. For the less conservative hybridizers, try using the same brown P. venosa on any Phalaenopsis or Doritaenopsis that has green colour al- ready. Consider back-crossing on a good green or potentially good green P. venosa or P. amboinensis hybrids. If you can’t get a good P. venosa, use a known yellow-breeding P. amboinensis. They are available. Talk to any Phalaenopsis specialist for a source. For heaven’s sake, use good breeding stock. Only the rankest amateur uses mediocre plants for breeding. Commercial growers use only the best studs because they know that only a small part of the cost of a new hybrid is the purchase price of the parent plants. The real cost comes in caring for a bunch of seedlings for 2 or 3 years until they begin to bloom. (And if they sell them before they bloom and they turn out to be junk, the commercials get to be hobbyists again.) It cost just as much to raise a trash plant as it does an FCC... and they take up an equal amount of precious bench space. So use only the best you can find and buy. If you haven’t got good plants to work with, wait until you have. If you want to make a cross to see the miracle of plant reproduction being en- acted, fine; but plan on keeping the seedlings to yourself or trashing them. Don’t turn them loose on the rest of us. We’re up to our belly-buttons in junk plants already. But do, do consider working with what is potentially the most lovely thing in Phalaenopsis after the classical whites . . . the serene greens. @ -276 East Shamrock Rialto, CA 92376 USA EY NATIVE EPIPHYTES IN SOUTHERN VICTORIA If nature had intended that Australian epiphytic/lithophytic orchids were to grow in Southern Victoria, either the species would have the genetic make up to suit the environment or the environment would have been changed to suit the species. Since neither event has occurred naturally, man must — to grow these plants with any degree of success — at least provide the basic requirements as we would for any exotic orchid species, or, for that matter, any other plant. The fallacy ‘‘that since it is native it should grow here’’ could not be further from the truth without considerable effort to make it happen. The majority of our epiphytic/lithophytic orchids inhabit the coastal strip between the mountains and the sea from Eastern Victoria, up the eastern coast to Cape York Peninsula. Even in this relatively small area in a country as vast as Australia, there exists a range of climatic conditions from snow and frost areas to the constant temperatures of the true tropics, from open grasslands through various degrees of for- estation to the jungle like tropical rain forests of the north. The effect of these changing conditions is reflected in the range of varieties within a given species. The basic conditions required by a species or variety should be considered before we attempt to grow these plants in our vastly different environment. Probably the one requirement that is common to all our orchids is their need for moving, fresh air. Plants grown in con- continued p.22 Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 AT DINGLEY FEIN AWARE WE DO NOT GROW ORCHIDS WE DO NOT EVEN PRETEND TO GROW ORCHIDS BUT “BOY” DO WE EVER NO BULL SELL ORCHIDS Our team of dedicated professionals buy the best available orchids from some of the top breeders and growers in Australia on a weekly basis. This ensures that there is always fresh, interesting, new stock on hand. Unfortunately, due to our rapid stock turnover, we are unable to produce lists or mail order. if YOU would like to become one of our prestigious suppliers, please contact us. SO PAY US A VISIT AT: SOLE VICTORIAN AGENT — 233 Centre Dandenong Road Bee A Sir a Dingley, Vic. (Opp. Howard Rd) : Orchids International Open Daily 8 am — 5.30 pm SOLE MELBOURNE AGENT — Mills Orchid Nursery (S.A) VICTORIAN AGENT — Bananacoast Orchids Aussie Bark Dorit lose 9 [geese NURSERY | ovoya hem ol-Magtiae-la-leim (elle glasshouse isn't giving the results you want. 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PH (07) 390 7742 for appointments Phone (02) 73 5253 Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 This paper presents a summary of a report submitted as a partial requirement of the Orchid Society of New South Wales Ltd. judging course. It involves an exam- ination of the criteria used by judges of the Orchid Society of New South Wales Ltd. in society shows and monthly meetings. The original report contains 65 photo- graphs and reproduction of which in an artitle such as this is clearly impossible. Wherever possible the examples have been remarked to use illustrations in publica- tions which are available in most orchid society libraries. This has meant that some compromises have been made an unfortu- nate but unavoidable situation. The genus Stanhopea contains about 46 species, the actual number is continually changing as new species are found (S. tadeasi 1984.) while others are being reclassified as (S. rodigasiana to Embreea rodigesiana) (S. ecornuta possibly to Stanhopeastum ecornuta). Despite these difficulties a system of judging has been developed to evaluate the horticultural or aesthetic merit of each separate species or hybrid. It is important to stress that these are purely aesthetic or horticultural con- siderations and have nothing to do with the ability of the orchid to survive in its natural environment. We are dealing with value judgements where there is no right or wrong but hopefully a consensus among experienced orchid people on what is and what is not desirable. Judging Systems Judging at shows and monthly meetings of orchid societies affiliated with the O.S.N.S.W. Ltd. follows basically the Standards for Judging Handbook set out by the Australian Orchid Council (A.O.C.). Judges at monthly meetings and orchid shows have more discretion that at award judging for minor flaws, malfor- mations, blemishes, percentage of flowers open on the raceme, less than the pre- scribed number of flowers, etc. The plant however must still be free of pests and disease. Inflorescences with pollinated flowers will only be eligible for judging at monthly meetings not at shows or for awards. This could be important for Stanhopeas where flower life rarely ex- tends beyond 4 days and is frequently much shorter. The A.O.C. Standards for Judging hand- book states that ‘‘all species with the exception of Australian Native orchids 16 (other than terrestrials) may be judged by the appreciation method and not pointed up’’. It continues to state that the appreci- ation method may be used where the merits of a superior orchid would not be accurately measured by the normal stan- dards. What then does the appreciation method mean? Appreciation Judging The appreciation method means. that judges must compare the merits of the orchid being judged with others of the same variety or species or hybrid grex. If it is greatly superior then it presumably would, if being evaluated for an award, be granted a high AM or FCC. There is no need for each judge to allot points for shape, colour, etc., he or she must make a decision that the orchid in question is or is not worthy of an award, and if so, what award (FCC, AM, HCC, AD, DBM and Cultural (state award only)). This system of judging is designed for award judging and is slightly modified for show or monthly meeting judging. Here your Stanhopea may be competing with other Stanhopeas but more likely with species from any genus or if a hybrid with any hybrid outside the popular genera. This slight modification to appreciation judging is frequently called comparison judging. Comparison Judging Comparison judging between say a Stanhopea wardii and a Lycaste skineri ““is this a better form of Stanhopea wardii than this is of a Lycaste skinneri?’’ This question however poses another problem which the judge must answer. The prob- lem is how are the various aesthetic properties of the orchid to be weighted? Is a slight improvement in shape equal to a similar level of improvement in spike habit, or colour or floriferousness or whatever? Most senior judges I have spoken will agree that shape and colour are the most important properties they are looking for, and would concur that a weighting system of 30:30:10:10:10:10: for’ respectively shape, colour, size, sub- stance and texture, floriferousness and habit, and arrangement of raceme is as realistic a reflection of the importance of these aesthetic properties as we are likely to agree upon. The need for weighting of shape, colour, etc has been recognised by the A.O.C. judging system and has been termed the General Standard. General Standard While the Standards for Judging hand- book states that all species other than Australian Native Orchids may be judged by appreciation, it clearly leaves species judging by the general standard. In fact, a slightly modified weighting system (30: 25: 10: 15: 10: 10) is specified for Australian Native Orchids. Because com- parison judging must, by definition, in- volve the weighting of the different attri- butes of competing orchids, it could be argued that the general standard is appro- priate for species judging. At any rate it is certainly desirable for hybrids and in fact the judging handbook requires its use “‘where no specific standard exists’’. The general standard requires that ‘‘colour shall be clear and glistening, not smudged or blurred and any markings are to be well defined and evenly distributed’’ and very importantly: ‘‘In all the above characteris- tics the flower should be outstanding for its type and for bi-generics or multi- generics each characteristics, other than size of flower, should be better than both parents.”” If this were not difficult enough, there exists a strong feeling by many of the senior judges that hybrids should represent an improvement or worthwhile addition to the genus or alliance in question. They would see, for example, great merit in the cross Paphiopedilum sukhakulii x_ P. rothchildianum but little merit in P. boxallii x P. villosum. While this is not a stated requirement of the A.O.C. Judging Handbook it must be remembered that judging is what judges do and that the handbook is in a state of constant evol- ution. Accordingly the evaluation of Stanhopea hybrids will incorporate this important consideration. However all hy- brids, no matter how complex, must ultimately trace their origins to species. It is to an evaluation of Stanhopea species we now turn. Judging of Stanhopea Species It is clear from the preceding discussion that a comprehensive knowledge of Stanhopea species is needed with the range for each species variation in colour, size, shape, etc clearly defined. It should also be clear that this knowledge is nigh well impossible to obtain even for the very few Stanhopea specialists in the world. What we can do is collect photographs on Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 clones which have been awarded through- out the world together with the associated attributes re: size, floriferousness, etc. In addition to this species generally con- sidered to exhibit superior qualities, and even photographs of average forms, for unless we know what an average form is, how can we recognise a superior form when it appears? Additionally many species are so rare that only one clone may be in a country, so it goes without saying that it should be recorded. In the original report 35 plates are presented showing 13 awarded and or superior clones and 23 clones of either average merit, or because of rarity, of unknown value with regard to the range of aesthetic characteristics within that species. If any reader can help out with colour prints and data on flower character- istics of Stanhopea species these would be appreciated and valued additions to the original report held by the Registrar of judging of the O.S.N.S.W. Ltd. Clearly the more comprehensive the data base the more value it is to the judging process. Judging of Stanhopea Hybrids With the genus Stanhopea there exists much variation in regard to flower count, size of flower, colour, petal and sepal conformation, lip and horn size, shape etc. If then judges are to recognise superiority of hybrids over parents and/or improve- ment in aesthetic qualities of the genus itself, they need to be familiar with both the desirable and undesirable characteris- tics of the genus Stanhopea. This examin- ation is undertaken below with reference to shape (petals, sepals, labellum), colour, size, substance and _ texture and floriferousness. It must be stressed how- ever that in the following discussion the comments are by no means meant to represent a definitive statement on how Stanhopea hybrids should conform. Rather they are ideas which show the potential of the genus and it is these improvements which both breeders and judges alike are continually seeking. A. Shape and Substance (i) Petals For most Stanhopea species the petals are usually paper thin and reflexed. This is illustrated by S. embreei (Ref. 7) S tricornis has petals of solid substance with no furling. The petals are forward project- ing and have been used to correct re- flexing. Width of petal can be incorpor- ated through use of S. connata (14) or S. tadeasi (9) S. hernandezii (7) has good petal conformation width. (ii) Sepals Most Stanhopeas have broad lateral sepals but many reflex completely back- wards. This backward projection of lateral sepals can be aesthetically pleasing pro- vided balance and symmetry are main- tained. This is well illustrated by the clone of S. lietzei ‘Jill’ (plate 1). There is good Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 balance between the labellum, the dorsal sepal and the lateral sepals and if the petals were more substantial and not so badly reflexed, it would be difficult to argue against the form of this flower. Neverthe- less, the above type of shape has its primary appeal only if the flower is viewed from the side. From a frontal perspective there is little form to appreci- ate. Thus while reflexed sepals may not necessarily always be undesirable, the more traditional orchid placement of sepals adds balance and form to the flower. This is well illustrated by the clone of Embreea rodigasiana (plate 2). More- over reference to S. saccata ‘Libra’ (14) clearly shows the superb form of the lateral sepals and dorsal sepal which are achievable on Stanhopeas. (iti) Labellum and Column The labellum is the focal point for the genus Stanhopea with the indigenous name for Stanhopeas, “‘toritos’’ or little bull, aptly describing the pronounced horns which are present on either side of the lip in most species. The lip can be divided into three (3): components: the hypochile — the bulky section where the lip joins the column; the mesochile which carries the horns; and the epichile — the shield shaped end of the labellum. Judges are on the lookout for weak epichiles and columns as shown by S. embreei (7) or the long hypochile of S. costaricensis. Good broad horns such as on S. connata (14) are looked for, as is a well balanced flat midlobe. An excessive gap between the epichile, horns and column as in S. oculata (14) is a weakness while good broad columns complimented by broad labellums are obviously desirable as in S. insignis (plate 3). Compare this with the weak lip of S. oculata (14) or the overly Oo 1 o-pm—D —-Ie AOS O—H eco aD compacted hypochile of S. hernandezii (7), or the huge labellum of S. tigrina (plate 4). (iv) Overall shape of flower S. saccata ‘libra’ (14) shows the well filled in shape which is possible stanhopeas even though the petals are narrow S. rodigaziana (plate 2) shows that good balance is not only possible, but also that it is very desirable. B. Colour and Texture The A.O.C. judging handbook requires that colour should be clear and glistening not smudged or blurred and any markings should be well defined and evenly distrib- uted. You have only to look at S. Shuttleworthii (plate 5) to see the clarity and glistening of the colour and markings. Yellows and whites should also be clear and bright as in S. anfracta ‘Jill’ (1) Hypochiles should show considerable lustre and colour as in plate 5. Bizarre markings such as on S. nigro-violacea (7, 14) will not detract provided they are clearly defined and reasonably evenly distributed. C Size, Floriforousness and Arrangement S. wardii ‘Jill’ (1) shows how pleasing and symmetrical flower arrangement can be. Size of S. tigrina and S. nigro- violacea can be 150-175 mm while 10 plus flowers are common with the smaller flowered species. Thus 5 100-125 mm and 3 or 4 150-170 mm flowers would not be unreasonable for judges to expect. Awarded Hybrids How then do the awarded clones measure up? Alas, we have none from Australia and only a few from overseas. Of these S. Memoria Paul Allen ‘Lyn’ AM/AOS at 81 points (14) and S. Assidensis ‘Marges Pride’ AM/AOS 80 points (AOS Awards Quarterly 1985 pp56) would illustrate the con. p.32 THE HUMBLE GRASS ORCHID Cymbidium suave By Ed. Thorogood I say humble, not because of any lack of beauty on the part of this orchid’s flowers, I think they are fabulous, but because of its common name ‘Grassie’ and because it is the most commonly occuring epiphytic orchid in Australia. We started destroying them probably right from the very FIRST day that the FIRST people came ashore from the FIRST fleet, and we are still doing it today. Sad but unavoidable as, where a patch of trees had to be felled to make way for farm land, so with them down came the Grassies. Just think of the countless thousands that must have been destroyed in this way. AN ENDANGERED SPECIES? RUB- BISH!!! If this was the case I wouldn’t be able to take you to see any number of them within an hours drive from where I live at Scarborough, 40km north of Brisbane. When our family was growing up, a big part of the entertainment while driving through the bush was to play the game SPOT AN ORCHID. The most often spotted were C. suave. Its amazing how much more entertaining this sort of outing becomes and just how much interest is generated among the kids if they are on the lookout for orchids instead of squabbling in the back seat. A three or four year old yodelling out ‘I see a grissallercrawlie’ always provoked a good laugh. Those were the good old days. Having spent very little time in the bush south of the Dorrigo Plateau I can only boast of having observed them from there north to Cooktown, although I saw a lot more Cymbidium | canaliculatum — var sparkesii up there than C. suave. ‘THE NATIVE ORCHID GROWER’S BIBLE’ Alex Dockrill’s Australian Indigenous Or- chids, tells us that they extend from south eastern. N.S.W. north to as far as the Endeavour River in Cape York Peninsula. Alex doesn’t say how far inland this orchid extends but my observation of it has been that it prefers to stay east of the Great Divide and that C. canaliculatum takes over west of that. Some people think C. canaliculatum does not come down to the coast, it most certainly does. 18 A HARD ONE TO KILL We have the good fortune to live on the Redcliffe Peninsula, which is almost sur- rounded by the sea and where we rarely see a frost. It is an excellent area for growing most orchids. Our place is about half a mile from where the Scarborough jetty used to jut out northwards into the Bay. The jetty was considered redundant after the construction of the small boat harbour, and was demolished some years ago. It was built a few years after the end of World War II, for the local sawmiller who needed it to bring cyprus pine logs ashore from Bribie Is. The girders and piles used in its construction were of brush box and iron bark which had been logged on Doug Stanton’s property at Jimna. A mountain- ous area some 130km north west of Brisbane. For years the trawling fleet had unloaded their catch over this jetty. The sea had broken over it in cyclonic weather with lots of salt spray blown on to it. Imagine my disbelief, when, over twenty years after it had been built, my number three son came home one day and presented me with a small plant of C. canaliculatum which he had dug out of one of the girders. It was alive and healthy and must have survived in that situation for all those years. They grow tough orchids up Jimna way. As you can well imagine I lost no time in getting down to that jetty. He showed me where it had been growing out of a crack in a girder which hadn’t had the sap timber removed. There were some old roots visable but that was all. There is just no way that seed could have found its way there after the jetty was built. I have in my collection a plant of C. canaliculatum which was growing no more than a few kilometres from the sea at Hervey Bay. I have seen them growing close to the coast at Baffle Creek, north of Bundaberg, and a very healthy plant growing out of where a branch had broken off a cyprus pine on Bribie Is. THIS IS SUPPOSED TO BE ABOUT C. suave Here I am rambling on about other things, but what the heck! Who said I couldn’t? So long as its interesting read- ing. C. suave apparently needs more regular rainfall than C. canaliculatum while our other native C. madidum appar- ently needs even moister conditions. You don’t find C. madidum growing in as dry a condition as the other two. I have found C. madidum and C. suave growing tangled up together in the same rotten log, under the most shady conditions I have even seen C. suave growing happily in C. madidum on the other hand is often found growing in even shadier conditions and loving it. Certainly I have seen it in full sun but this is not its preferred location. C. suave does not like the prolonged dryer conditions experienced further west, but, as is the case with all orchids or plants for that matter, it will grow wherever the seed will germinate and the young plants survive. Just because you find a plant growing in a certain location does not mean that this is the best possible con- ditions for that particular species. I have found them growing in full sunlight and very deep shade and all had flowered nicely. The plants growing in the shady conditions appeared to be the most vigor- ous. Temperature is certainly not a limiting factor in this orchids distribution as I have seen it growing happily in Dendrobium falcorostrum conditions on the Dorrigo Plateau and equally as happily in the hot steamy conditions along the coast of North Queensland. Apparently it isn’t choosy about the altitude either. Taking all these factors into consideration the natural as- sumption would be that it would be a pushover to grow in captivity. Think again brother. Think again. THE BEGINNING Although I can remember my mother showing me grass orchids up in a tree at a very tender age both down towards Cedar Grove and in the Yandina area, my real interest in C. suave has only been of rather recent origin. This is rather strange as I Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 A have never been a NUT GRASS fancier, particularly standards. It all started at an orchid show at the Botanical Gardens, Mt. Cootha a few years ago. Entered in the Native section was this fabulous plant of C. suave with numerous inflorescences carrying a host of small crystalline clear green flowers. I must confess I was absolutely captivated. In discussion later I was horrified to learn that when an award was suggested to the Q.0.S. Judges, they said ‘No! Put it up again next year’. Just how ridiculous can they be? To me it was_ perfection personified. I can’t help wondering if those Judges had the attitude ‘We just don’t award that kind of thing’ an attitude which has been experienced by quite a few Native growers. It never did get its award as I have been told that it died as a result of its owner repotting it. Previous attempts on my part to grow this orchid had met with dismal failure. I had potted them up in plastic pots using cymbid mix as well as bark and charcoal, and the darned things just sulked and did nothing. Believe me, I took a real good look at what the grower of the plant at the show had done. He had used a two ft length of 4 or five inch PVC pipe. This made sense to me as I had seen the roots of both C. suave and C. canaliculatum grow- ing down twenty or thirty feet in the centre of hollow trees which we had felled. The inside of these was always wet. This of course meant that the roots of these orchids never dried out. I scrounged some lenghts of various size PVC pipe and cut them into forty inch lengths. I had some strips of one inch by 18 gauge galvanised iron on hand. Bend a length of this into a circle to form a clamp (similar to a hose clamp) around the circumference of the PVC pipe, punch a hole at each end for the bolts to fasten the clamp over a double thickness of shade cloth to cover the bottom of the pipe. Hanging the pipe up was solved by cutting two half circular pieces and tightening them around the pipe by two bolts and attaching the wire hanger to these. For a potting medium I used rotten wood from the host trees, charcoal and some pieces of polystyrene. I also used some of the completely broken down material from inside the host trees. It looks like dirt and I now believe this to have been a mistake and I won’t use it again. All good plants that I treated in this manner are now flouishing for me. Please observe the fact that I said good plants. This is most important as any plant I have tried to grow which was not doing well in its natural habitat never became healthy again and are still struggling if not dead. You will also have a battle on your hands if you try to grow older plants which have developed canes of any length: try to get hold of younger plants before these develop, pref- Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 erably with live growing root tips, Procuring plants as described isn’t always possible, necessitating a compro- mise, particularly when I wish to obtain plants from different areas because of the quite remarkable difference in flower size and colour which can occur in a surpri- singly short distance. There is always the exception that proves the rule. We came home from a collecting trip a couple of years ago and because of a lack of suitable PVC pipe I put some small pieces into a couple of plastic pots using only peanut shells for potting mix. I never did get around to potting these properly and they decided to grow regardless. They did quite well and I later gave them to: friends. C. suave! UNIQUE AMONG CYMBIDS In the following statements, I stand open to correction. One can only speak to the limit of one’s knowledge so here is where I stick my neck out. I believe C. suave to be unique among cymbids in three ways. I know of no other which makes canes. I know of no other which is capable of putting out a new lead from the base of the leaves on that cane and I know of no other which can completely take over an old rotten tree from inside, being capable of putting out plantlets from the cracks which have developed in that tree. No doubt there is a technical name for these canes. I don’t know what they are as I haven’t come across a technical book which discusses them. Don’t know what length they can reach. I have seen them 45-60cm long. I came across a log in a gully up Jimna > way which must have been on the ground for quite a number of years. It was a damp gulley with a flowing creek and there was plenty of shade from the canopy. Growing out of the side was an old C. suave which had canes 45cm or so long. One of these had fallen over on to the trunk. A new lead had developed from the base of the leaves -and had established itself by putting out roots which had found their way into the cracks in the old log. So here we have the first travelling Cymbidium. From time to time I have come across a very rotten old tree still standing which has been absolutely riddled with C. suave. They appear to be coming out of every crack and cranny. I formed the opinion that this orchid had the ability to form plantlets from the roots which have spread the full length of the tree. I discussed this recently with Nev Bone, (President of The Native Orchid Society of Qld.). He assures me that this is not the case. Apparently the orchid sends out rhizomes (for want of a better name) along with the roots. When this rhizome finds a crack through which it can reach the outside of the tree it estab- lishes a new plant from that spot. It could be argued that all of these smaller plants were nothing but seedlings. I don’t believe so and support Nev’s observations. A little: scientific comment wouldn’t go astray on this one. If you happen to break off a cane, trim to six inches and pot in a piece of pipe leaving the base of the leaves level with the potting mixture. With any luck at all, if kept in moist conditions, a new lead will develop and you should have a strong healthy plant. It worked for me. THE SITUATION TODAY I now have upwards of a dozen of these orchids growing in pipe as well as others in deep terracotta pots. A couple have filled their pipes and will have to face the hazard of being repiped next spring. Sev- eral others have sunk down into their pipes and will have to be pushed up to the top and more polystyrene put into the bottom of the pipes. Most are the common or garden variety green. The further south you go from Brisbane the muddier the colouring be- comes. I have a very nice green from the Sunshine Coast area. Some I haven’t flowered yet. I only wish I had one as good as the one at that show and that I could flower them as well. My two best plants are growing under 50% shade cloth in an open bush house. This, I think is completely coincidental as they were the two best plants to start with. The others are under Spatulata dendrobes in the big glass house. The roof is of clear fibreglass which has been up for five years. They would be getting far less light than the other two but flowering none the less. HOW TO GET SOME If you would like to add some plants of C. suave to your collection, the best way I know is to drive out into the less fre- quented areas, brief your spotters on what to look for in the trees. When they cry “TALLY HO’ stop the vehicle and look the country over. If there are no old fallen trees in the paddock, forget it and drive on. When you find some C. suave in the trees and old fallen trees nearby, the correct course of action then is to see if you can locate the property owner’s resi- dence. We all know how to approach a property owner of course. We drive in leaving the gate wide open, approaching the house at a spanking rate of knots scattering ducks, chickens and dogs to the four winds. Having observed your approach from some distance he will be waiting to greet you. Don’t bother to get out of the car if you don’t have to. After saying ‘Hello’ as briefly as possible, (country folk don’t like to waste time) start telling him your reason for honouring him with your visit as quickly as possible. While you are doing 19) this, make a point of throwing your unextinguished cigarette butt into the tin- der dry grass alongside the car. You will be surprised at just how rude country folk can be and how quickly you will be shown off the property. If you take the completely opposite approach you could have a friend for life and all the C. suave you could ever want. The place to get your C. suave is in those old rotting logs and tree stumps. Don’t feel guilty about taking them and think you are not being conservation minded. The next bush fire which will eventually come along would wipe them out anyway. The plants left in the trees will bloom again and scatter seed among the logs that survive the fire and so in time our younger growers will be able to go out and satisfy their yearning to own aC. suave. IT HELPS IF YOU KNOW SOMEONE WITH PROPERTY I was lucky in that we had friends who have property with some C. suave still in the trees. If there was a plant in a branch twenty or thirty feet from the ground we found having our fourteen year old son along was very handy. He had a sling shot. We attached a half inch sinker to the end of a nylon fishing line. This was fired over the branch and by attaching a heavier line to the nylon we were able to pull a 2 inch silver rope over the branch. On the end of this was a trapeze bar on which, guess who, stood. The rest was easy. The other end was attached to the tow ball on the car and we just drove him up to the branch. On one such caper the branch broke off just as I started to take his weight with the car. It crashed down narrowly missing him thank goodness. It’s not really as danger- ous as you might think really as the angle of the line would pull the branch towards the car as it comes down. Be careful if you try this one just the same. EASY ARMCHAIR SIGHTINGS A few miles north of Nambour on the Bruce Highway, is the thriving little township of Yandina. On the northern outskirts, but still in the residential area is a large gum tree growing on the western side of the road. High up in this tree is a magnificent clump of C. suave. Isn’t it a pity that no one has had the pleasure of seeing its flowers. If I had the money I would hire a helicopter at the right time of year. Maybe a high power telescope would do the trick. A few kilometres further on but still south of North Arm, once more on the western side, is a large clump of tall trees. This is a rest area. Off the road a hundred metres or so iS a Swampy area on the southern end of this clump. In this stands a big old tree stump some thirty feet high. The tree must have broken off many years ago because sitting on top of this is a huge clump of C. madidum: @ Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 A SUPERIOR PARENT Like most who grow orchids for pleasure after a while you come to the decision if I’m going to grow orchids then I may as well attempt to grow the best that are available. Like the old saying about race- horses goes, ‘‘it costs as much to keep a good one as it does a bad one’’ and this applies equally to orchids. Once you make the decision to grow quality plants to produce quality flowers you have to obtain the plants that will produce those quality flowers, and herein lies the problem. How do you know or decide what plants do you buy? The first and most obvious answer is to buy a division of a particular plant you have seen in flower. This way you at least know what you are getting. This of course is not always practical as a division of the plant you have seen may not be for sale. The next best alternative is to buy a mericlone of the plant you have seen in flower if this is possible. I think that most of us who have had experience with mericlones agree that they do not always flower identically from cultivar to cultivar (or plant to plant). The only other alterna- tives are to obtain a seedling cross the same as the plant you have seen, or a selfing of the plant and both of these alternatives maybe as different as chalk and cheese to the original plant you saw. When I first started growing Cattleya orchids some ten years ago, I was fortu- URSULA ADAM x MT Hood FEB 74 nate in that I consistently saw quite a lot of plants in flower. It was surprising how many of the flowers which appealed to me had one thing in common, namely that they had Bc. Deesse as one of the parents. Although I am talking about plants I first saw in flower up to ten years ago and that is a lengthy period in terms of progress that has been made in flower quality in that time to my mind many of these Bc. Deesse crosses are still today more than capable of holding their own at any show. We still regularly see plants such as Bc. Pastoral ‘Innocence’ or Bc. Mt. Hood ‘Orchidglade’ winning first prizes at shows. Bc. Deesse resulted as a crossing of Bc. Ferrieres XC. Lamartine and was regis- tered by Vacherot-Lecoufle of France in 1947. The Bc. Deesse varieties or cultivars which are most common in this area, ‘French lace’, ‘Kerns’, ‘Charles’, ‘Perfec- tion’ and ‘Rainer’. They are all five inch white flowers with a lemon yellow lip and most have a small purple fleck right in the centre of the lip this seems to be a trade mark of Bc. Deesse and it passes it on to some its progeny. Some varieties of Bc. Deesse have a pale pink on the back of the petals and sepals. It is a nice flower and worth having but in my opinion its value has been as a parent more so than as a show plant itself. 20 I have only seen white flowers of Bc. Deesse but in catalogues from orchid nurseries in Thailand there are regularly coloured photographs of a semi-alba flower named Bc. Deesse ‘‘No. 1’’. Let us now look at some of the hybrids produced as the result of using Bc. Deesse as a parent. In 1958 Bc. Berangere was registered by Vacherot & Lecoufle, it resulted from the crossing of Bc. Deesse and C. hardyana var. alba. Bc. Berangere is a pleasant 5” white flower with a fair amount of lemon yellow in the lip, the lip has the tiny purple mark in the centre which Bc. Deesse passes onto, a lot of its progeny. As recently as five years ago Bc. Berangere “‘Niege’ M/c was advertised for sale in one of the large American Orchid nurseries. It is now becoming outdated but in its day would have been at the top of the scale. In 1956 Bc. Languedoc was registered again by Vacherot and Lecoufle, it being a crossing of Bc. Deesse and C. Mem. Rosemary. It is a flower of about five inches in size with a fair amount of lemon yellow in the lip. I know of three different varieties which are grown in Australia — these being ‘Singapore Welcome’, ‘222’ & ‘Sakorn’. None of these are up to the standard of pinks produced today. Between 1960 and 1970 one could say were the golden years of Bc. Deesse as a parent, the 1961-1970 edition of Sander’s List of Orchid Hybrids shows that 35 hybrids were registered which had Bc. Deesse as one parent. There are far too many to deal with each individually so I will deal with the better known ones in our area. To my mind probably Bc. Mount Hood (Bc. Deesse XC Claris) would be probably the most widely known because there are so many different varieties available, we probably all have or know of the varieties ‘Mary’ and ‘Polar Bear’, which are both white, or ‘Selected Pink’, ‘Delco Point’, ‘Peppermint Stick’, ‘Thrupps’ — or “‘Orchidglade’ which are all 5” to 6” pinks with lemon in the throat. All of these are excellent flowers when they flower at their best and are capable of winning any show. Beall’s Orchid Nursery of the U.S.A. registered six hybrids between 1960 and 1970 which had Bc. Deesse as one parent and which they named after a mountain. These were Bc. Mount Adams (C. Bob Betts X Bc. Deesse), Bc. Mount Anderson (C. Bow Bells X Bc. Deesse), Bc. Mount Eldorado (Bc. Deesse X C. Karae ‘‘Lyn Sugiyama’’) Bc. Mount Hood (Bc. Deesse X C. Claris), Bc. Mount Juneau (Bc. Deesse X C. Mount Baker) and Bc. Mount St. Helens (Bc. Deesse X C. Helen Durfee). There were some of the best orchids of their times produced from some of these “‘Mounts’’. We have discussed Bc. Mount Hood above, almost as well known was Bc. Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 Mount Anderson, there were several varieties of it around _ including ‘Orchidglade’ and ‘Titanic’ both being lavenders with lemon in the lip and “Norm Tator’’ which is very good large white with a fair amount of lemon in the lip. Perhaps less well known but lacking nothing in comparison to Bc. Mount Hood and Bc. Mount Anderson is Bc. Mount St. Helens. There are two varieties around, one variety is ‘Echo Valley’ which is a 5” white with a lemon throat and the other is ‘Susan’ which is a 5” pink with a lemon throat. Before leaving the ‘‘Mounts”’ that is the seven hybrids listed above registered by The Beall Orchid Company between 1960 and 1970 I think that it is fair to say that none of Bc. Deesse’s progeny have been anywhere near as successful as Bc. Deesse as parents but some have contributed towards some of today’s top show bench plants, eg. Bc. Mount Anderson is a parent of both Bc. Donna Kimura (C. Princess Bells & Bc. Mount Anderson) and Blc. Pamela Hetherington (Lc. Paradiso X Bc. Mount Anderson). Continuing further with the Bc. Deesse hybrids perhaps the best known white is Bc. Pastoral ‘Innocence’, this is a cross between C. Mlle, Louise Pauwels and Bc. Deesse, it was registered in 1961. Itis a 5” to 6” white with a lemon lip and has the touch of purple in the centre of the lip. At its best it is a top class orchid and will be in flower very soon (mid-winter). There have been numerous other large whites and pinks produced which are well above average quality which have Bc. Deesse as a parent, included in these but by no means exhausting the list are Ble. Elizabeth Hearn, ‘‘Best Pink’’ being the best known variety in our area, it resulted from a crossing of Blc. Nacouchee and Bc. Deesse, Bc. Mem. Hayley Vaughn (Bc. Deesse X C. Claesiana). Bc. Pink Debutante (Bc. Deesse X C. Esbetts). Ble. Coronet Bay (Bc. Deesse X Lc. Battle of Britain). Blc. Mem. George Butler (Bc. Deesse X Lc. Flying Cloud). Ble. Emmons Glacier (Bc. Deesse X Lc. Jay Markwell). Blc. Lonesome Cove (Bc. Deesse X Lc. Kaukini). Pot. Hidden Range (Bc. Deesse X Sic. Lindores). Be. Chesty Puller (Bc. Deesse X C. Empress Bells). Bc. Princess Teresa (Bc. Deesse X C. Old Whitey). Blc. Rosemary Hayden (Bc. Deesse X Lc. Blue Boy). A Bc. Deesse hybrid enjoying popularity in the catalogues of large nurseries in Australia and Hawaii at present is Ble. Meditation. (Lc. Fedora X Bc. Deesse). This plant can flower either white or pink although most varieties are white. The varieties of ‘King’s Ransom’, ‘Queen’s Dowry’ and ‘AAA’ have been around for quite some time. In recent nursery listings, (mostly imported plants) three varieties of Blc. Meditation are advertised for sale these being ‘Kyoku Nomura’, ‘King’s Ransom’ and ‘Silver Sword’. Various catalogues describe Blc. Meditation ‘Sil- ver Sword’ as a 9” some list it as a 10” exhibition white with greenish yellow in throat, full shape and heavy substance. It has been awarded an A.M. by the Ameri- can Orchid Society. Considering it was first registered in 1974 it says a lot for the plant that large nurseries still consider it good enough to advertise three different varieties of it in one catalogue so long after it was first registered. To show that Bc. Deesse was not a “‘flash in the pan’’ as a parent after 35 regis- trations using it as a parent in the 1961 to 1970 edition of Sanders the 1971 to 1975 edition lists 25 registrations containing Bc. Deesse as one parent, the 1976 to 1980 edition lists a further 23 new regis- 21 rca oH Sse Rn nn Re eS ee tees Sere ae Bc Deese ‘Mr’ x Blc Buttercup trations with Bc. Deesse as one parent and the 1981 to 1985 edition lists a futher 19 registrations with Bc. Deesse as one parent. As can be seen Bc. Deesse is still being used extensively as a parent. You may think from the above that anything produced as a result of crossing Bc. Deesse produces whites or pinks, not so. Again I use The Beall Orchid company as an example, if you recall their price lists of some 5 to 8 years ago you may recall seeing Pot. Tapestry Peak as being exten- $ively used as a parent. It was lavender or yellow depending on the variety being spoken of, yes, Pot. Tapestry Peak is (Bc. Deesse X Pot. Gordon Siu), those of you who know Pot. Gordon Siu know it is a very red purple colour, so it is interesting to note Pot. Tapestry Peak ‘Golden Anni- versary’ is a large yellow. Pot. Tapestry Peak is the parent of some good yellows, eg. Pot. Haystack Mountains, Pot. For- tune’s Peak, Pot. Fabled Peak etc. Other noteable yellows which Bc. Deesse has produced include Blc. Kiska Island (Bc. Deesse X Lc. Daniel Markell), Blc. Fortunes Smile (Bc. Deesse X Blc. For- tune) and Pot. Golden Sands (Bc. Deesse X Pot. Lemon Tree). One Bc. Deesse hybrid which Carmela Orchids of Hawaii has promoted heavily is Blc. Daybreak ‘Camela’ (Blc. Golden Slippers X Bc. Deesse) it appears to be a nice large golden yellow flower and was featured on the front cover of the second last colour catalogue issued by Carmela Orchids. Plants of this are expensive at present being up to $75 for a 5 inch pot. There are new Bc. Deesse hybrids ap- pearing frequently and whilst I personally have not seen most of these newer hybrids in flower two which could be of interest in the purple colours are Blc. Cherry Paradise (Lc. Bonanza X Bc. Deesse) and Ble. Houston Bell (Blc. Mem. Crispin Rosales X Bc. Deesse). Another plant of some note which is a Bc. Deesse hybrid is Blc. Jane Paton ‘Rene’ (Blc. Harlequin X Bc. Deesse) this is a 5” white which has a pink fringing around the edge of the petals. It is a good flower and worth having. To my knowledge Bc. Deesse has not produced many above average semi-albas (Whites with a coloured lip). The only one which I am aware of is Bc. High Sierra ‘Lynn’ (Bc. Deesse X C. Kittiwake) which is a large white with a delicate pink lip with yellow in the throat. It is not commonly available at present although imported flowering size plants are avail- able. Bc. Deesse has had a very big influence on the large size Cattleya alliance flowers produced in the past twenty years and whilst we will probably notice a decline in the number of new hybrids which has it as one parent in the future I am sure it will be continued to be used as a parent for a long time to come. 22 Imagine the possibilities of a cross be- tween Bc. Deesse and Sic. Hazel Boyd ‘March Lion’. It would be an attractive flower if you could obtain the shape, substance and texture from Bc. Deesse and the colouring of Sic. Hazel Boyd. One can imagine a 4 inch flower of brilliant orange with red spashes on the outer edges of the petals and with a lot of red smudging in the petals and sepals. No doubt in the future such flowers will be readily avail- able. To my way of thinking Bc. Deesse has been the parent plant which has provided the type of flowers in quantity which I enjoy the most. Two lavenders which to me are producing good progeny are C. Horace ‘Maxima’ and Lc. Prophesy ‘Monterey’ but to my way of thinking they have a long way to go to reach the number of quality flowers produced by the Bc. Deesse hybrids. No doubt many other of you have other parent plants which you think have the potential to produce the type of flower you like best. If so, let it be known because the purpose of our Society is to enjoy our hobby, increase our know- ledge and breed better plants to produce better flowers. Good Growing. @ Ray Smith 185 Bayswater Road CURRAJONG TOWNSVILLE. cont. from p.14 fined space without ventilation are very prone to fungus and disease attack. In nature, an orchid growing on a host tree is protected from strong winds by the canopy of the host and other trees around it, but even the most gentle breeze produces continuous air movement. In cultivation air movement is essential to maintain the health of the plants. Draughts must be avoided. A plant in a constant or frequent draught will not flourish but will stagnate or deteriorate. Temperature is of prime consideration and must be thought of in terms of both minimum and maximum requirements. Constant spells beyond either limit can be very detrimental to the health of the plant. All should be considered frost tender and although many species can be quite suc- cessfully grown without heat, they must be protected from frost. Many plants from our more northern areas grow in the mountains at higher altitudes which are significantly cooler than the adjacent, coastal lowlands. Temperature is to be thought of in con- junction with air movement and humidity, both of which may be used to modify extreme temperatures. The coastal strip has the very decided advantage of receiving the majority of its abundant rainfall during the warmer months of the year and having a winter that is relatively mild and dry. This is a situation that is essential in the plant growth cycle. Plants that are allowed to dry out in our high summer temperatures will become distressed very quickly, par- ticularly on days of hot, dry winds; and, conversely, plants that are overwet on cold winter days and frosty nights will also fare very poorly. While mounted plants will benefit from heavy watering during summer, more care must be taken with potted plants and potting media needs to provide excellent drainage. Roots that are kept overwet will deteriorate quickly. It is more beneficial to leave the pots on the dryer side and increase the humidity by wetting down the surrounding area. Mounted plants rarely have problems with drainage. Light intensity plays a very important part in the growth and flowering cycle of the plant. Light requirement or tolerance varies dramatically from species to species and again in Southern Victoria we must compensate for the variations from the natural habitat. The days of our hot, dry summer are longer and less clouded and so are brighter, while our winter days are significantly shorter and much more cloudy. Therefore, while some shading is necessary for most species in summer, many will require the maximum light possible during winter. The nutritional requirements are mini- mal. Plants in nature rely totally on the decaying, vegetative or organic matter that is washed into their root system by nature. In cultivation a frequent application of very, weak organic fertilizer is ample. Chemical fertilizers have a tendency to burn root systems, and to build up in porous potting materials to turn them sour which is detrimental to the plants. Growth and flowering cycles are ex- tremely varied and many have very spec- ific seasonal requirements including a totally dry rest period. Others require to be well watered the year around. It is necess- ary to study each species and, as far as possible, to match its natural environment to produce the best from each plant. So, again, just because it’s native does not mean it will grow without some help from you. @ H. Jacobs, Lee Street, STRATFORD, 3862 Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 COLLECTORS CORNER GARDEN WORLD The first complex of its kind in the world is now near completion. Collectors Corner is not a general retail nursery. It is a place for the hobbyist and general public to see and admire a range of items not available or displayed anywhere else in Australia. In every nook and cranny you will find something unique or unusual e.g. 50,000,000 year old fish fossils to 60kg Amethyst Geods or tiny Masdevalias to 200 kg cacti. Collectors Corner is constantly growing. As we improve in Knowledge so improves our stock range. We now stock extremely comprehensive ranges of cacti and succu- lents, carnivorous plants, bromeliads and tillandsias, orchids of all shapes, sizes and descriptions, orchid mixes and potting aids, bonsai, bonsai pots and SA tools, horticultural books, sea shells, fossils, gems Se EN and minerals. | Collectors Corner has now created Orchid World as a one (N stop orchid center where all your Orchid needs are available under one roof. We have excellent stocks of all forms of orchids from seedlings to mericlones. We always J have an impressive display of flowering plants for sale. AT This month’s special is Valley Orchids’ Cymbidium “4 Mericlones tubes at $8.50 each. We have on staff three \ d of Victoria’s best Orchid specialists to answer any sty questions you may have. a Si \ | A visit to Collectors Corner is well worth the effort even (Jas just to browse. a i) ‘| GARDEN WORLD SPRINGVALE ROAD, KEYSBOROUGH, 3173 am) N= (016) Acts tolos-te Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 23 | THEY SAY IT DOES NOT HAPPEN P King I have been growing native or- chids in the Coffs Harbour area for a period of thirty nine years. I have an extensive collection and have seen many thousands of plants growing in natural habitats. Most people will tell you that this species only grows on the lower surfaces of tree branches. In the illustration D. cucumerinum can be seen erowing ‘vertically on a slab. I also discovered in 1988 plants growing vertically on a rock face. Under natural conditions D. gracilicaulae and D. gracillimum form large clumps the new growth arising around the base of the plants. The illustrations show both plants producing Keikis. Both species collected in 1988. D. aemulum usually found grow- ing on ironbarks and the brush box in the Coffs Harbour area. The specimen illustrated was collected growing on a species of Casuarina. Even under natural conditions variations from the normal can be found in our native dendrobium species. @ No I Korff St Coffs Harbour 2450 IRA BUTLER TROPHY To stimulate and encourage the advancement of Australian Native Orchid Hybrids TROPHIES AWARDED FOR 1988 This year 18 entries were received from 12 Orchid Societies or ANOS Groups. The standard of entries continues to improve making the final decision for the overall winner very difficult. As the judging has to be done from photographic slides, it is important that these be good and do justice to the flower and the plant as a whole. The entries were — QUEENSLAND O.S. HCC Award. N.J. Grundon Dendrobium Hilda Poxon, ‘Winifred Mary’. ANOS — Warringah. Spring Show. W. & J. Upton. D. Elegant Heart, ‘Warringah’. WOLLONGONG & DISTRICT N.O.S. Spring Show, R. Wheeldon, Sarcochilus Melba. FAR NORTH COAST ANOS. Spring Show, M.J. Symmons, Den. Our Native. O.C.S.A. Bicentennial Orchid Workshop, A. Peck, Den. Elegant Heart. O.C.S.A. Autumn Show, L. & R. Moore, D. Hilda Poxon ‘Crozier’. O.C.S.A. Winter Show, I. & C. Tucker, D. johannis x D. discolor. O.C.S.A. Spring Show, L. T. & M. K. Nesbitt, Ptst. Hoodwink. ANOS CENTRAL COAST. Spring Show, R. & S. Barrett, D. x delicatum. TASMANIAN O.S. Spring Show, J.F. Smith, Den. Bardo Rose ‘Bronilyn’. ORCHID SOCIETY OF W.A. Winter Show, J. & D. Fleming, Den. Hilda Poxon. Spring Show, G. & A. Hansen, D. X delicatum. O.S. of NSW. Winter Show, S. Batchelor. D. Aussie Child ‘Yondi’. Spring Show. W. & J. Upton, D. Elegant Heart ‘Warringah’. NATIVE ORCHID SOCIETY of SA. Spring Show, B. Mules, Den. Aussie Utmost. ANOS NEWCASTLE GROUP. Spring Show. G. Field. D. Gloucester Sands ‘Kirra-lea’. ANOS SYDNEY GROUP. Autumn Show. P. Eygelshoven. Prerostylis X toveyana. Spring Show. W. & J. Upton. D. Elegant Heart ‘Warringah’. CHAMPION AUSTRALIAN NATIVE ORCHID HYBRIDS OF 1988 N. GRUNDON D. Hilda Poxon ‘Winifred Mary’ W. & J. UPTON D. Elegant Heart ‘Warringah’ D. Hilda Poxon ‘Winifred Mary’ was a magnificent example of a developed hybrid style on a very well-grown plant with a great display of flowers, while with D. Elegant Heart ‘Warringah’ W. & J. Upton have achieved a breakthrough in breeding which should lead to some new and exciting hybrids in the future. It was decided that they be equal Champions. Congratulations to all associated Groups and Societies. There really were so fhe great hybrids entered this year. Trophies will be dispatched to your secretary shortly and presentation dates for local N.S.W. Societies will be arranged. Entry forms for 1989 and information on a slide set of hybrids with commentary will be sent in April 1989. Once again thank you for your participation in our efforts to encourage the development of new and better hybrids of our native orchids. @ 24 Ruth Rudkin, Hon. Secretary, on behalf of the Committee. Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 EE LL ———— == Effects of Slow Release I|.B.D.U. Nitrogenous Fertilizer on the Winter Growth of Young Cymbidium Peter North-Coombes SUMMARY Isobutylidene diurea (IBDU) was applied to young shadehouse-grown Cymbidium orchid plants at the start of winter. This nitrogenous fertiliser was surface-applied to the potting mixture in addition to the routine complete fertiliser. [BDU _ in- creased winter leaf growth of young leaves by an average of 40.2% (range 28.3%-79.8%) on plants treated with IBDU. Young leaves of untreated plants by comparison increased in average leaf length by 28.4% (range 20.2% -41.6%). Older leaves did not grow irrespective of treatment. Some varieties were more re- sponsive than others.The residual effect of IBDU in boosting growth through to the summer season is recorded. BACKGROUND The vegetative growth of cymbidiums benefits from adequate supplies of nitro- gen (N) in balanced feeding programs. Two commercial growers in Victoria have suggested that treatment with N can assist immature shoots to make good winter growth and so develop well grown healthy bulbs capable of flowering in the follow- ing year (Hodgins, 1985; Johnson, 1986). The more usual N fertilisation technique is to supply a higher level of N during the seasons when plants make rapid growth, rather than in winter (Stolze, 1987). This is certainly the N fertilisation method practised by most of the established growers in Australia (Gallagher et al., 1987). Too much N _ can _ increase Cymbidium shoot formation at the expense of early flowering according to Bik and Berg (1984). Duckitt (1987) however, uses a high N regime to boost the growth of immature plants in the South African summer, but reduces the dose as the bulbs mature to flowering size. Slow release N fertilisers are advan- tageous in increasing the growth of young shoots. It is possible that residual effects of these fertilisers may also be able to hasten the growth of young’ mericlones during the colder months of the year. Granular IBDU is a fertiliser claimed to have these effects on plants other than orchids (Walsh, 1978). IBDU is one of the best slow release N fertilisers that can be used to obtain plant growth responses in autumn, winter, and early spring, accord- ing to Walsh (1978). Granular IBDU releases its N slowly through the activity of soil microbes. This action is dependent on soil moisture and temperature. Release at low temperatures Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 is slower than at warmer temperatures. Dr. Jiirgens-Gschwind (1974), citing research by Jung, reports that granular . IBDU with a grain size of 2-4mm releases N at a much slower rate than fine IBDU (grain size 0.5-2mm) which because of its far greater solubility, rapidly releases its N. Fine IBDU is consequently rarely recommended for use on potted plants such as cymbidiums, which are subjected to regular watering and leaching. Granular IBDU (2-4mm) is proposed by Jiirgens-Gschwind (1974) as an excellent source of N for potted ornamentals. He reports that because granular IBDU is only slightly soluble in water, it is not easily leached. Plants are able to utilise between 50% and 70% of the N it contains. AIM OF EXPERIMENT To determine whether IBDU is beneficial to the winter growth of young cymbidiums, the experiment described below was carried out in 1987 under open air shadehouse conditions, at Mount Waverley a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria. MATERIALS AND METHOD Pairs of 5 Cymbidium varieties, at ap- proximately the same stage of growth, were used in this experiment. One set of 5 varieties was treated on May 30, 1987 with granular IBDU (Gro-Max Easigreen® brand) containing 31% N. The other group of 5 plants was not treated. The granular IBDU used in this exper- iment has a claimed 3-4 months’ release period. It was evenly applied on the surface of the potting mixture (75% pine bark and 25% styrene foam) and tickled into the surface layer of the mixture. One- third of a heaped IBDU spoon measure (1.25 grams) was applied to the 10 and llcm pots. Half a heaped spoonful (1.78g) was applied to the 12 and 13cm pots. IBDU not being a complete fertiliser, is not on its own suitable for productive growth of cymbidiums (Nichols, 1980). In this experiment IBDU was under test as a growth booster additional to a previously applied complete fertiliser. The complete fertiliser used was Osmocote Plus® (3-4 months’ release) usually applied in March, September and December. Dolomite is applied in March and September. Main- tenance foliar sprays of magnesium sul- phate and iron sulphate are applied from time to time as required. The varieties under test consisted of pairs of C. Valerie Brown ‘Eureka’ mericlones (ex-flask November 1985), C. Nonna ‘Goldilocks’ mericlones (planted October 1985), C. Mimi ‘Lucifer’ mericlones (planted November 1985), back bulb propagations of C. Rosalba X C. Nicky (planted December 1985), and back bulb propagations of an un-named variety (planted February 1986). The total length of the leaves of each plant was measured from each _leaf’s abcission point to its tip. Measurements were made on May 30, 1987, and on August 30, 1987, i.e. at the beginning and end of winter. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The single application of granular IBDU made on May 30, 1987 increased the leaf length of the five varieties. This is shown in Table 1. The relatively small percentage increase in total leaf length was nonetheless quite visible as the IBDU treated plants were plainly taller than the untreated plants. This fact casts some doubt on the value of total leaf length as a measure of growth response to granular IBDU. This was confirmed through an appraisal of the leaf length increase of older leaves compared to that of the younger leaves. The visible increase was only in the growth of the younger leaves while the older leaves did not grow during the winter. Both treated and untreated plants behaved in the same way in this respect. Furthermore, none of the leaves on the oldest first-grown pseudobulbs of back bulb propagations made any growth. However the middle leaves of their new shoots, as well as the middle leaves of the mericlones, were those that grew and responded to granular IBDU. Consequently it is this class of leaf that needs to be compared to obtain a true picture of response to added N. This more meaningful comparison is made in Table 2. From the measurements and observa- tions, it is concluded that the application of granular IBDU caused young growing Cymbidium leaves to make quite a reason- able increase in growth during the winter, when used in addition to routine appli- cation of a complete fertiliser. Some varieties were evidently more responsive to added N than others. There were no observable differences in leaf health for the duration of this experiment, either with or without granular IBDU. continued p.28 25 R.G. & I. PRICE Orchid Flasks 35 Hardy's Road, Mudgeeraba Queensland 4213. Phone (075) 30 5193 FOR QUALITY FLASKS CATTLEYA SEEDLINGS Polycarbonate commercial flasks 30 plants — $30.00 ea. Bc. Mount Anderson ‘Summit Snow’ x C.Earl ‘Imperialis’ — whites Slc. Helen Veliz x Sic. Madge Fordyce ‘Fire Brigade’ — orange reds reds C. Porcia ‘Coerulea’ x Lc. Sierra Skies ‘Mariposa’ — blues C. Summer Stars ‘May’ x C. Queen Sirikit Diamond Crown’ — whites C. Penny Kuroda ‘Spots’ x Le. Mishima Star (L. pumila hyb.) — Lav. flares Sic. Orglades Early Harvest x Blc Bouton D’Or ‘Halcyon — golds C.J.A. Carbone x Le. Chit Chat — Lavender orange spring blooms L. crispata x Bc. Marblemount — unusual, perky pastels Lc: Persepolis ‘Spendor’ x Blc. Waikiki Sunset — orange bi-colours Bic. Bouton D’Or ‘Lewis’ x Sic. Hazel Boyd ‘Royal Scarlet’ — sunsets Lc. Gila Wilderness ‘Nippon Treasure’ x Lc. Scarlet limp — Red flares Sic. Hazel Boyd ‘Royal Scarlet’ x Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine — scarlets C. venosa x C. granulosa— primary cross, yellow greens Lc. Scarlet Imp ‘Irene’ x Lc. Amberglow ‘Magnificent’ — gold purples Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x (C. Patross x Tiffin Bells) — huge lemons Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x Bic. Sylvia Fry ‘Wallacia’ — large salmons Lc. Pirate King ‘Crimson Glory’ x Pot. Fortune Teller — red purples C. Penny Kuroda ‘Spots’ x Bic. Blumen Insel Jack Queen Aoki’ — rainbows MILTONIA/ONCIDCATTLEYA SEEDLINGS Polycarb commercial flasks — 30 plants — $30.00 ea. _ Miltassia Estrelita x Miltonia Anne Warne ‘Nuuanu’ Miltassia Estrelita x Miltonia Goodale Moir ‘Golden Wonder’ Miltonia bluntii x (Odtna.Glass Creek x Milt. clowesii) Miltonia (Purple Queen x Minas Gerais) x Milt. Tropic Dawn ‘Goldwing’ DENDROBIUM Polycarb commercial flasks — 30 plants — $30.00 ea. Den. John Kidnay x canaliculatum Den. Gloucester Sands — remake Den. (Ng Eng Chow x Mary Trouse) x canaliculatum Den. gracillicaule x speciosum ‘good yellow’ Den. tetragonum ‘Giganteum’ x Hastings Den. speciosum x falcorostrum Den. teretifolium x aemulum Den. speciosum Jullaten’ x Delicatum ‘Beaudesert’ Den. Susan x kingianum Den. kingianum ‘Dolly’ x falcorostrum PHALAENOPSIS Polycarb commercial flasks — 30 plants — $35.00 ea. Phal. Blanca Grande x Dawn Hunter — whites Phal. Winter Kaala x R (Hamaoka x Mariposang Puti) — whites Phai. Texas Thunder x P. (Mount Kaala x Joseph Hampton) — whites Phal. Dawn Hunter x PR Gladys Read ‘Snow Queen’ — whites Dtps.Odoriko #102 x Phal. Gentle Thoughts — white/red lips Phal. California Glow x P Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ — pinks Phal. Sarah Loeb x PR Romance ‘Sweet Lisa’ — pinks Phal. Texas Thunder x P (Doris Wells-Zauberrose x Comanche Rose) — whites Phal. (Lippestradt x Arai) x P (Winter Maiden x Mariposang Puti) — pale pinks HOBBY FLASKS $15.00 ea. or 8 flasks delivered $115.00 Lc. Persepolis ‘Splendor’ x Bic. Waikiki Sunset ‘Brightest Orange’ Bc. Mount Anderson ‘Summit Snow’ x C. Earl ‘Imperialis’ — whites Bic. George King ‘Serendipity’ x Lc. Colorama ‘The Clawn’ — flares Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x Bic. Sylvia Fry ‘Wallacia’ C. intermedia alba ‘Casa Luna’ strain — species C. guttata alba x self — species L. pumila ‘Black Diamond’ — mericlone 4 plants Bic. Bouton D’Or ‘Lewis’ x Sic. Hazel Boyd ‘Royal Scarlet’ Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x Bic. (Tiara x Bouton D'or) C. Venosa x Granulosa — Primary Cross — Yellow Green Please allow substitutes: Add $10 freight for small orders. ENCLOSE 39¢ STAMP ONLY FOR RETAIL OR COMMERCIAL LISTS NEW ZEALAND: rahe 298 6619 MARBLE GARDENS, Park | Estate, Road, Papakura — iG “BANKCARD — - MASTERCARD — -VISACARD. WELCOME ‘Please supply your name, card number and expiry date. Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 COLEMAN’S ORCHIDS (BRIAN & LORRAINE COLEMAN) Hardcane Dendrobiums and some Cattlevas From flask to flowering size We have taken over the Dendrobium and Cattleya stock from D’Bush Nursery and will continue to supply only top quality plants. Nursery Hours: Sunday to Thursday Friday and Saturday by arrangement. Flasking service also available. Please write for list. P.O. Box 57 Kuranda Old. 4872 © PHONE (070) 93 7943 D’/BUSH ORCHID NURSERY PO BOX 57, KURANDA, QUEENSLAND 4872 PHONE (070) 93 7923 We have for sale PHALAENOPSIS, VANDA AND REED STEM EPIDENDRUM ORCHIDS ONLY. @ In future this Nursery will be closed Tuesdays and Wednesdays, except by previous arrangement. CHARM ORCHID NURSERY 11 GRANVILLE TCE, MARYBOROUGH Q, 4650 PHONE: (071) 21 5833. Props: C & M Hausknecht 30 years experience in Orchid culture. Exclusive to Charm: “The Superior Parentages Cattleya Book No2” Top quality orchids imported from Hawaii Seedlings to flowering size Cattleyas, Cattletonias, Dendrobes, intergeneric crosses @ Proven quality Instant Use Boiled Australian Pine Bark. Readily available in four grades $13 Bag. @ Wire Hangers ‘PLEASE SEND SAE FOR PRICE LISTS Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 A Whimsical Look at the Love-life of One Orchid Specie: © by Joan Burke 47 Kemp Avenue Mount Waverley Vic 3149 First Published ‘Your Garden’ June 1986. Joan Burke 1986 Offering the Orchid Review: Second Australasian Right: A CASE OF MISTAKEN IDENTIY Things aren’t always what they seem, particularly in the orchid world. We hu- mans “‘Ooh’’ and ‘‘Aah’’ over the delights and intricacies of the amazing blooms, but the sole purpose for the flowers’ existence is the procreation of the species. There must be a mating of male and female cells. To achieve this, the flowers are colourful, thus attracting pollinating insects. The following story is a whimsical look at the love-life of one particular species of Ophrys, commonly known as the Bee Orchid. Spring had returned to the Mediterranean. Sap was rising in all the trees and plants; daily the flowers burst into riotous bloom, displaying all the glory of their jewel-like colours. A branch of the Vespoidea bee family lived in this area. Our hero (who we’ll call Vespo for short), in common with the other male bees of his family felt his fancy ‘lightly turn to thoughts of love’. It was time to set about finding a mate. He flew through jungle and over low- lands seeking his heart’s desire, but to no avail. All about him he saw love-dances and matings, but where was his partner? There came a day when Vespo’s hopes had reached their lowest ebb: he settled despondently on a tall blade of grass and sat swaying in a gentle breeze. Suddenly a compelling odour assailed his nostrils. Instinctively he knew it to be a female of the species indicating her willingness for mating! Vespo became so elated he nearly fell from the blade of grass! After a few exploratory sniffs he gaily winged his way in his prospective lady- love’s direction. There she sat! Although he’d never seen a female at such close quarters before he had no doubt as to who she was, for as he flew closer the mating odour became so overpowering he almost swooned with desire. She was clad in robes of green and yellow-gold trimmed with soft red-brown fur, and held aloft the glossy-blue mirror. so distinctive of her species. She danced provocatively before him. Vespo’s eagerness was so great that with a minimum of love-play he coupled with her. But there was something odd about her response; in fact, there wasn’t any! Try as Vespo might to persuade her to fly with him it wasn’t to be: she appeared to be paralysed. The dancing hadn’t been of her own volition for her lower limbs were firmly attached to the stem she rested on. Something was horribly wrong! As Vespo sat nonplussed several of his brothers came along. When they saw his partner they burst into loud derisive laugh- ter. continued p.31 con. from p.25 Table 1. Changes in total leaf length of young cymbidiums measured from abcission point to leaf tip — cm. NO IBDU IBDU Applied Variety 30.5.87 30.8.87 Increase % 30.5.87 308.87 _Increase % C. Valerie Brown ‘Eureka’ (10cm pot) 110 121.5 10.5 72 89 23.6 C. Nonna ‘Goldilocks’ (11cm pot) 234 263.5 12.6 287 323 12.5 C. Mimi ‘Lucifer’ (13cm pot) 201.5 218 8.2 196 210 71 C. Rosalba X C. Nicky (12cm pot) 346.5 355 2.5 274.5 323 17.7 Un-named variety (12.5cm pot) 278 31335 12.8 319 358.5 12.4 Total (cm) 1170 1271.5 1148.5 1303.5 Average Increases % 8.7 13.5 Table 2. Effects of granular IBDU on increase in growth of young Cymbidium leaves — cm. NO IBDU IBDU Applied Variety —— 30.5.87 30.8.87 Increase% 30.5.87 30.8.87 Increase % C. Valerie Brown ‘Eureka’ 50.5 62.5 24.8 41.5 58 39.8 C. Nonna ‘Goldilocks’ 114.5 143.5 25.3 115.5 151.5 31.2 C. Mimi ‘Lucifer’ 81.5 20.2 49.5 63.5 28.3 C. Rosalba X C. Nicky 123.5 160 29.6 128.5 177 37.8 Un-named variety 83 117.5 41.6 49.5 89 79.8 Total (cm) 453 581.5 384.5 539 Average Increases % 28.4 40.2 Table 3. Effect of granular IBDU on the increase in length of young C. Valerie Brown ‘Eu- reka’ leaves over 7 months (June- December). NO IBDU IBDU Applied 30.5.87 4.1.88 Increase % 30.5.87 4.1.88 Increase % 50.5cm 158.5cm 214 41.5em 162.5cm 292 SEQUEL to the end of December, is in line with All the plants in this experiment, except those of C. Valerie Brown ‘Eureka’, were repotted at the end of winter. The C. Valerie Brown ‘Eureka’ plants were given the usual complete fertiliser dressing in September and December 1987. Early in January 1988, it was very obvious that the C. Valerie Brown ‘Eu- reka’ plant treated with granular IBDU in May 1987, had grown well ahead of its untreated counterpart. Bearing in mind that the latter initially carried more leaf than the plant treated in May (see tables 1 and 2), it was decided to measure the extent of this clearly obvious residual response. Measurements were made on 4th January 1988 (Table 3). The IBDU treated plant grew at a much faster rate than the plant not given any IBDU. The growth-promoting effect of granular IBDU lasted at least to the end of December 1987, a full 7 months after treatment on 30th May. The slow release of N from granular IBDU makes it an excellent fertiliser because its residual effect can boost plant growth and productién in the seasons following its application (Walsh, 1978, citing the findings of Volk and Horn on turf grasses). The response of Cymbidium Valerie Brown ‘Eureka’ to granular IBDU 28 Walsh’s statement. The magnitude of in- crease in leaf length was so noticeable that it is reported here for the benefit of readers. @ REFERENCES Bik, R.A. and Berg, T.J.M. van (1984) — Effect of substrate and nitrogen on yield and quality of mini Cymbidiums, Acta Horticulturae No. 150, p 289-295. Duckitt, F. (1987) — Cymbidium growing in South Africa. In ‘“‘Modern Orchid Growing for Pleasure and Profit’’. Proceedings 10th Australian Orchid Conference, Adelaide, 1986. Publ. Orchid Club of South Australia Inc. Adelaide, p 6. Gallagher, D., Harris, J., Hewitt, M. and Jennings, C. (1987, Editors) — ‘‘Australian Orchid Growing. Volume No. 1 — Cymbidiums’’. Publ. Australian Orchid Council, Black Forest, South Australia. Hodgins, R. (1985) — Comment in the Victorian Orchid Club’s Bulletin No. 449, March 1985. Johnson, W.R. (1986 Edn.) — A simple liquid nutritional program for orchids. Technical paper supplied through the Mornington Peninsula Orchid Society. Jiirgens-Gschwind, S. (1974) — Slow-Release Ni- trogen Fertilisers — Their Properties. and Advan- tages. BASF Agricultural Bulletin 4/74. Nichols, D.G. (1980) — Nutrition of Cymbidium orchids. Australian Orchid Review, December 1980, p 207-211. Stolze, M. (1987) — Commercial growing tech- niques in Holland. In ‘‘Modern Orchid Growing for Pleasure and Profit’’ (as for Duckitt, above), p 27. Walsh, L.M. (1978) — Delayed release fertilisers. Proceedings Tenessee Valley Authority Conference, “Situation 78’’, St. Louis, USA. p 69-78. Cymbidiumn Club of Australia Annual Seedling Competition This year’s competition attracted 54 entries of seedlings to our annual com- petition. This would be a record for this Club. A pleasing feature this year was that entries submitted by new members, together with a number of Novice growers of the Club. The competition is conducted on the growing season from March to October with the season being divided into two groups. Group A being plants benched from March to July inclusive. Group B being plants benched from August to October. A winner of each group is selected by Judges from the Orchid Society of N.S.W. The winning seedling is then selected before the meeting from the two group winners. This is the Judges choice. At the November meeting members present pit their skills against the Judges and select the members choice. Winning the competition for the third time, Ron Turtle benched an intermedi- ate orchid, Little Big Horn x Rod Stewart, Hybridiser was Don Jones. The colour of the flowers were white with an overlay of pink and a white labellum with a deep red lip, 15 evenly spaced flowers were on the spike. The Dorsal was slightly cupped with an overall width of 70mm. The Ventral sepal was 25mm, Labellum 21mm petal 23mm. o a © , WW 4 > ® 72 35 7 f£OoxG ies oO 5 aS = o 2 5c For the Members choice Winter Won- der New Era x Lunagrad, benched by Ted Lalor was selected. This was a Standard Cymbidium which is white with a pink spotted Labellum. The Judges task was not easy @ A. M. Gall for Club Secretary, 91 Woodlands Ave, Lugarno 2210 Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 It’s Great, Its ‘Bloomin’ Great Give It A Go Mate, Aussie It's\ Bark =} from v POLWOOD PTY. LTD. (PRODUCERS OF TREATED PINE BARK) Telephone (071) 215737 Fax: (071) 23 1725. Quality guaranteed, boiled and limed. Ph neutral. Impurities removed, chunky, and long lasting. No need to soak in nutrients in Fungicides, it is ready for instant use. 4 grades available, single bags over 2cft. For more _ information call Saltwater Creek Nursery. Ph (071) 21 5737, or call your nearest agent, they will be glad to be of service to you. Dis- counts for quantity. GRADE Sle wood PTY. LTD. trading as CREEK NuRsp: Cymbidium mix using our No. 1 TWATER URSR grade. hs. can be Beet for & HERVEY BAY Rb. - Paphiopedi t Pa Dendrobiums and Oncidium |i MARYBOROUGH @. 465 Alliance. | (O71) 215737. -y AGENTS: BLUE MOUNTAINS Valley Heights Orchids Farm Margaret & Dough Hall, 54 Great Western Highway, Valley Heights, NSW 2777. Ph (047) 51 5757. BRISBANE Humpybong Nursery, 38 Collins Street, Woody Point, Qld. 4019. Ph (07) 284 3283. BRISBANE Cabbage Tree Orchids, Bill Twine, 3 Hickson Road, Deagon (807) 269 8108. BRISBANE Graham & Mary Cook, 99 Eynsford St, Carina, Ph (07) 398 6893. (07) 341 5601. BRISBANE Viking Fence & Garden Supplies, (Graham & Barry) 108 Bailey Rd, Deception Bay. Ph (07) 203 3949. BRUNSWICK HEADS Sheaffe’s Orchids Nursery, Percy Sheatfe, 38 Fingal Street, Brunswick Heads, N.S.W. Ph (066) 85 1387. BUNDABERG Produce Traders, 33a Woondooma St, Bundaberg, 4670. Ph (071) 71 3826. BOWEN Riverdale Orchid Nursery, M.J. Edgerton, Bootooloo Rd, Bowen 4805. Ph (077) 85 2170. CAIRNS Limberlost Nursery, Old Smithfield Road, Freshwater, Cairns. Ph (070) 55 1262. CAIRNS Cairns Bulk Landscaping Supplies. 169 Hartley Street, Cairns 4870. Ph (070) 51 5167. COFFS HARBOUR Banana Coast Nursery Pa Andersen) Heams Lake Rd, Woolgoolga. Ph (066) 54 1183. DARWIN Lakeside Orchids, Lloyd & Win Kent, Lot 31 Nottage Road, Bees Creek, N.T. 5789. Ph (089) 88 1004. GLADSTONE Hyne & Son Pty. Ltd., Crn. Side & Yaroon Streets, Gladstone. Ph (079) 72 1555. GYMPIE Berly Pedersen, 12 Widgee Crossing Road, Gympie. Ph (071) 882 2814. GOLD COAST Sure Crop Nursery, Alan & Dorothy Kraschnefski, Nerang Broadbeach Rd, Carrara. Ph (075) 58 1861. HERVEY BAY Yallaroo Nursery, Gordon Cook, ayo Rd Pialba. Ph (071) 28 1526. INGHAM Hilder’s Toobanna Garden Centre, 18km South Bruce Highway. Ph (077) 77 2200. IPSWICH Trevor Grewar, 27 Nolan Street, Raceview, 4305. Ph (072) 81 9619. KURRAJONG Growing Point repo 12 Ala Moana Rd, Hurajog, NSW 2758. Ph (045) 73 1857. LISMORE Summerland Orchids & Foliage Plants, Bob Wilson, 13 Ellis Road, Alstonville. Ph (066) 28 0506. MALANDA Stocker’s Nursery, Millaa Millaa Rd, Malanda, Nth Qld., 4885. Ph (070) 96 5362. NAMBOUR Graham & Beryl Robertson, MS 1096, Blackall Range Rd Nambour. Ph (071) 42 1913. NEWCASTLE Mr F. Fear, 97 Fassifern Rd., Blackalls Park, NSW, 2283. Ph (049) 59 2702. ROCKHAMPTON Alan Stenlake, 59 Armstrong St, North Rockhampton, 4700. Ph (079) 22 4636. SARINA Harrison’s Nursery, (Jenny) 2 Graham St, Sarina, 4737. Ph (079) 56 1008. STANTHORPE Border Hills Orchids, Sugarloaf Road, Stanthorpe. Ph (076) 81 1386. SYDNEY Evelin Orchids, Crn. Old Northern Rd & Laughtondale Gully Road, Maroota 2756, NSW. Ph (045) 66 8243. SYDNEY Green Acre Garden Centre, Crn Pandora St, & Juno Parade, Green Acre, Sydney 2190. Ph (02) 750 8493. SYDNEY Sydney Orchids, 38 Engadine Avenue, Engadine. Ph (02) 520 4830. SOUTH AUSTRALIA at Bailey, 5 Taunton Avenue, Enfield, 5085. Ph (08) 262 2620. SYDNEY Growing Point Nursery, 12 Ala Moana Rd., Kurrajong East, NSW 2758. Ph (045) 73 1857. TAMBOURINE Tambourine Mountain Orchids, 158 Long Rd, Eagle Heights. Ph (075) 45 1303. TOWOOMBA Rorafest Orchids, Darling Street, P.0. Box 7011, Toowoomba 4352. Ph (076) 30 1102. AH (076) 34 2953. TUMBI UMBI Johnian Orchids, John & Elaine Bodycoat, Lot 2, Hansens Rd, Tumbi Umbi, NSW 2261. Ph (043) 88 1756. TOWNSVILLE Keiths Nursery, 26 Gorari St, Idalia, Townsville 4810. Ph (077) 78 2472. VICTORIA Collectors Corner Garden World, Springvale Road, Keyesborough, Victoria 3173. Ph (03) 798 5845. VICTORIA Dingley Fern Market, 233 Centre Dandenong Road, Dingle Victoria, 3172. Ph (03) 551 1868. WOLLONGONG Tevor Bradford, 91 Edworth Avenue, Dapto, N.S.W. 2530. Ph (042) 61 226 BRAZILIAN ORCHIDS AND BROMELIADS Plants and Seeds CATALOG No. 80 offers around 3,000 true-to-name different ORCHIDS and BROMELIADS, and _ con- tains nearly 400 _ illus- trations (also in colour), will be sent for US$5.00 by air mail. Payments exclus- ively by cash, or cheque payable in NEW YORK, by any bank. We supply also seeds of PHILODENDRUM, PALMS AND OTHER FOLI- AGE PLANTS AND HAVE GUARANTEED SINCE 1906 our products. ALVIM SEIDEL Orquideario Catarinense PO Box 1, 89280 CORUPA, Sta. Catarina, Brazil. PHALAENOPSIS| A SUCCESS STORY OF | THE ORCHID WORLD SEND J.A.€. "FOR CATALOGUE. compors 2” & 4” PLANTS AVAILABLE] INAWIDERANGE | OF COLOURS : G.A. & B.M. ROBERTSON M.S. 1096 BLACKALL RANGE AD. NAMBOUR, 4560 PLEASE PHONE (071) 42 1913 BEFORE VISITING ustralian Orchid Review, April 1989 ROYALE ORCHIDS for those who choose the finest 17th-18th June to be held at the Nursery. We have scheduled the fair one month later than previous years so that a greater variety of flowers will be on display. Venders include: * GEYSERLAND ORCHIDS — NEW ZEALAND * TROWEENA ORCHIDS — TASMANIA * MT. BEENAK ORCHIDS — VICTORIA * GRAYLANE ORCHIDS — VICTORIA * ORCHIDS INTERNATIONAL — NEW SOUTH WALES A full range of genera will be on sale, some exclusive to the above nurseries. New release mericlones, seedlings and that elusive odontoglossum alliance will be readily available. For the first time we will be conducting a CSA judging (Cymbidiums and Paphs) by a full panel of CSA judges. Cut flowers are acceptable for standard and intermediate cymbidiums (photo of entire intermediate to accompany cut spike). Miniature Cyms. must be on plant. We welcome all growers in all states to participate Ask your participating nursery for further information. Silent auction plants include: Masd (veitchiana x falcata) ‘GEYSERLAND’ — Champion any other genera at the 1988 Australian Conference. Alexanderara. HEC HAZELWOOD (unflowered seedling) X champion odont. at the 1988 Australian Conference. Paph. VINTNERS TREASURE ‘WELLINGTON’ - vinicolour. Odcem. BITTERSWEET (unflowered seedling) plus many more. Refreshments available — Societies arranging bus tours please advise. NURSERY (Open Weekends Only):42 Pratley Street, South Woy Woy, NSW 2256. . Phone:(02) 709 3651 CORRESPONDENCE TO: 12 Allison Avenue, Condell Park, NSW 2200. Phone: (02) 708 2064 Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 7 OEeE-E™-™E.mlrTrcLCTEOeeee——————————ESE———————___—_—_—EeG“K——eVww SS ee e”~—~S—t*té TOOWOOMBA SPECTACULAR Show and Conference ’89 18th to 24th September OPEN TO PUBLIC FROM 20th TO 24th Queensland’s BIG one for 89 See over 8000 sq. ft. of Orchid Displays by the Toowoomba Orchid Society, Native Orchid Society of Toowoomba members, orchid clubs from Qld. and southern States, and orchid blooms from overseas orchid growers. Over $7000 in prizemoney, including $1000 for the Grand Champion Orchid and $500 to the Reserve Champion. Conference program consisting of Lectures by well-known Overseas and Australian speakers, Tours, and Social Functions. Stay on for Toowoomba’s renowned Carnival Of Flowers Week festivities which commence on the last weekend of the Spectacular (23rd and 24th Sept.), the highlights being the Exhibition and Prize-winning gardens, Carnival Parade and Queen’s Park Carnival activities. See Toowoomba — the Garden City of Queensland — at its beautiful best!! For further information and brochures contact The Secretary, Toowoomba Orchid Spectacular, P.O. Box 885, Toowoomba, Q. Aust. 4350 MT PLEASANT ORCHID NURSERY 148 School of Arts Road, Redland Bay, 4165 Qld Phone: (07) 206 7253 ) Growers and importers of quality plants We are proud to be appointed Australian Agent — Mintai Orchids (Taiwan) Latest lines: Cattleya mericlone — 2” tubes @ $5.00 seedlings — 2” tubes @ $3.00 Imported plant listing available. Stem Propagated Phalaenopsis in Flask Enclose a postage stamp for comprehensive listing. We are suppliers of American (Sequoia) Orchid Bark $21 per 2cu ft bag Nursery hours 9am-4pm. Closed Mondays. * %& & & 4 GENERATIONS OF GROWING EXPERIENCE * *& * NEW ORCHIDS NEW MANAGEMENT OLD ADDRESS EX McBEANS SITE SHOP HOURS - FRI/SAT/SUN 10A.M. - 6P.M, GRAYLANE ORCHIDS P.L. 256 Jasper Road, McKinnon Vic. Tel.: (03) 578 6182 WIDE RANGE OF IMPORTED AND LOCAL CLONES AVAILABLE SEEDLINGS FROM THE WORLDS FOREMOST HYBRIDIZERS SEND 9 x 4.S.A.E. FOR NEW CATALOGUE LISTINGS. Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 con. from p.27 ““You’ve been had, brother! She’s not one of us, she’s Ophrys! She fooled us, too.”’ Vespo clasped his forelegs over his ears to close out the laughter. “‘She is, she is! She’s my love!”’ The others flew off, tumbling over and over in their mirth. “‘Oh, well,’’ thought Vespo, ‘‘Maybe tomorrow she’II be able to fly with me.”’ “You will, won’t you?’’ he said aloud, as he gazed lovingly at the object of his affections. Neither by movement or ex- pression did she indicate her interest. Tomorrow Vespo returned — and tomorrow — until many weeks of tomorrows had passed. His love and impetuosity faded, and he began to see the light of his life through clearer eyes. Daily her finery shrivelled and lost its glowing brightness as she became larger and larger with child. Vespo by now had a sneaking suspicion that maybe, just maybe, his brothers had been right. He saw others of his kind performing love-dances, but with Vespo it had be- come a case of ‘once bitten, twice shy!’ He just wasn’t game to try again. One day, months later, he flew to see his erstwhile mate. (This little guy knew the meaning of true love. After all, even if she was deaf and paralysed, he couldn’t just cast her off like an old sock, could he? Not when she’d given him the sweetest experi- ence of his young life.) This time Vespo was horrified to see nothing recognizable of his former love: all that was left of her was a grossly distended belly attached by one leg to the plant stalk. His brothers were right, he had indeed “been had!’ As Vespo looked at her sad remains a marvellous event took place. Her pericarp slowly split open from end to end, and a great shower of infinitesimal Ophrys seeds floated away on the wind, seeking hosts in their search for survival. : Sad for Vespo, for he never knew the joy of hearing the flutter of little wings, but great for Ophrys as Vespo and his relations are this orchid’s only means of perpetuat- ing its species. If there’s a moral to this story it would have to be: Look before you leap! @ FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones Phalaenopsis top quality seedlings and stem propagations Paphiopedilum showbench and primary hybrids Cattleyas Cymbidiums Oncidiums: Miltonias Odontoglossum Alliance and Zygopetalums. FREE LIST ON REQUEST. PARADE ORCHIDS PO Box 11 Highbury, South Australia 5089 Phone: Nursery (08) 380 5142. 31 32 TAMBORINE MOUNTAIN ORCHIDS 158 Long Road, (P.O. Box 4) Eagle Heights, Queensland 4271 Telephone (075) 45 1303 Importers and Hybridisers of QUALITY ORCHIDS Cattleys-Cymbidiums-Japanese Dendrobiums- Miscellaneous — in both Seedlings and Mericlones. (CLOSED SUNDAYS) 1989 CATALOGUE available on request (Please include 39c stamp) N.S.W. Central Coast Agents Wyong Orchid Nurseries Basford Road, Lake Munmorah, N.S.W. 2259 ’ Telephone (043) 58 8563 Open every day FRANK SLATTERY ORCHIDS OF MERIT 12 EDDYSTONE ROAD, BEXLEY, NSW 2207. PHONE 50 7985 (Off Stoney Creek Road, opposite Bexley Park) You are invited to call and inspect a large selection of various genera, including first class Cattleyas, Cymbidiums, Odontoglossums, Paphiopedilums, and all types of orchids suitable for bush and glasshouse. We publish regular listings of stock on hand — (Please enclose 60c for listings). “CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS, NAMES AND PARENTAGE”. New edition — complete to July 1983. Price $3.00 per copy plus 70c postage. Also new addendum July 1983 to December 1986. Price $2.50 posted. “THE NEW BOOK FOR ORCHID LOVERS” in colour. Price $5.00 per copy plus 90c postage. OPEN SEVEN DAYS WEEKLY We carry large stocks of all types of orchids suitable for shade and glasshouse culture. We also stock fertilizers, ready-mixed compost, all types of sprays including ‘Physan’, water brakes and extension handles, sphagnam moss (Tasmania) and Dundas sprinklers for watering and misting. TOM HENRY PTY LTD ORCHID SPECIALISTS CYMBIDIUMS CATTLEYAS PAPHIOPEDILUMS CYMBIDIUM MERICLONES. Sensation ‘Red Beauty’ 4N. Reddest of the Reds — Plants in spike $55 Red Beauty ‘Carmen’. Flowering Size $35 At Above Prices — or the two for $80 MINI/INTER SEEDLINGS Dantes Inferno ‘Thor’ x Melinga ‘Golden Surprise’ flowering size. Wyalong ‘Sunset’ x Chief Joseph ‘Pathfinder’ Lowianum x Joyce Henry ‘Brown Eyes’ Minette ‘Green Queen’ x Alnwick Castle ‘Brentwood’ Peter Pan 4N x Warona ‘Apricot’ @ $12.50 each or the 5 for $60 ALL FREIGHT COSTS CHARGED EXTRA PO Box 71, 25 Ruskin Rowe, Avalon Beach, NSW 2107 Telephone: (02) 918 2504 con. from p.17 desirable qualities hybridists and judges are looking for. Intergeneric Hybridisation In N.S.W. Wal Upton and Bob Deane have been involved with intergeneric hy- bridisation between Stanhopea and Gongora Cirrahea and Polycycnis genera. These genera have been used, amongst other things, to give longer flower life and longer more floriferous racemes which arch over the side of the pot. While this is a clear advantage for ease of culture it is yet to be seen whether flower quality will be greatly affected. Other genera such as Houlletia, Kegeliella and Acineta may also be used. Conclusion Stanhopeas represent a particularly con- tentious genus to judge. Judges recognise that much of the appeal of this genus lies with the bizarre character and that this character must be retained in search for improved floral characteristics. That these objectives are not mutually exclusive is well illustrated by S. Assidensis ‘Marges Pride’ AM/AOS. Plate 3 S. insignes From the preceding discussion on shape and colour, some direction of future hy- bridisation is apparent, but how much improvement should judges expect for award recognition? By 1986 less than a dozen hybrids had been registered none of which had a primary hybrid as a parent. While much of this inactivity in hybridis- ing can be attributed to the relative lack of commercial interest in the genus, it also points to the possibility of significant sterility barriers. Whatever the reasons however, progress is likely to be slow and this should be appreciated when the genus is benched. In conclusion I would like to thank the many judges who have discussed with me the problem of judging species of primary hybrids. I extend my appreciation to Bernard Greer for use of many of his slides and in particular I thank Wal Upton for the time spent discussing this topic with me as well as for the many slides he so willingly lent me. @ Bibliograph p.42 Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 STILL THE CHEAPEST Queensland’s largest range of shade cloth in green, black, brown and white. Top quality guaranteed. 1800mm (6’) Knitted Perm per50mroll $3.50 $155 $3.95 $175 $4.90 $210 50% 70% 80% 3600mm (12’) Knitted perm per50Omrolli $7.00 $310 $7.90 $350 $9.80 $420 50% 70% 80% oes y yes iy NEWMARKET AAA M MN AAA AMAA 176 Enoggera Rd, Newmarket, Q. 4051 Ph (07) 356 0162 Country Orders Welcome. P.O. Box 860, Toowoomba, 4350 Phone 076 96 7279 A ORCHIDS LABORATORIES FLASKING SERVICE SPECIALISING IN EXOTIC AND AUSTRALIAN NATIVES SEND STAMP FOR LIST MAIL ORDERS OUR SPECIALTY SEE YOU AT THE TOOWOOMBA ORCHID SPECTACULAR & CONFERENCE 17TH — 24TH SEPTEMBER 1989 WHEN ONLY THE BEST WILL DO! FOR THE BIGGEST Our quality stock includes: Latest Mini Cats, Equitant Oncidiums, Antelope and Full- shaped Dendrobiums, Vandas and Ascocendas, Warm- growing Miltassas, Miltonias Phalaenopsis. If there is something special you are looking for, why not phone or write, we would be delighted to help. Imported plants arriving all the time from Malaysia, Hawaii, Philippines, Write for our latest catalogue (enclose stamp). Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 COLLECTION OF ORCHIDS IN NORTH QUEENSLAND. PO BOX 196, GORDONVALE 4865. PHONE (070) 56 1727 ALL HOURS. Nursery address: LITTLE MULGRAVE RIVER ROAD, LITTLE MULGRAVE. Efficient, experienced packing and despatch with daily connections per national airlines and Skyroad Transport to your door. con. from p. 9 was raised. This particular garden has found its way into gardening and orchid magazines all over the country because of its display of orchids. It belongs to Janet Raby who, in defiance of local advice, brought her treasured collection of tropical orchids with her from Sabah. After 12 years experience of growing orchids in the tropics, the English born Janet was deter- mined to have a lush garden in Darwin — complete with flowering orchids. With its thick boarder of shrubs, frangipanni trees, palms and high, vine covered fences to protect it from ‘‘Dry’’ season winds, her garden developed around a cool, blue swimming pool. It was in sharp contrast with its surroundings. Darwin’s somewhat transient population in the late 1960’s found fence-to-fence lawns (which changed from ‘‘Wet’’ season green to crisp brown by early June) with the occasional banana, Aralia or Mango tree, to be the most convenient form of landscaping. As she sits, surrounded by hanging Strapleaf Vandas displaying long stems of their huge, flat flowers, Janet smiles about the scepticism she met when she first tried to persuade Darwin people that they could grow flowering plants. “‘At one time my husband, Bill, mentioned to his colleagues in the Law Department that we had nine different families of plants flowering at that time in our garden — and no one would believe him,’’ she laughs. As you glance around Janet’s neat, lovingly plan- ned tropical paradise, you can’t help but think they must have missed a few flower- ing shrubs when they counted. Cheeky Dendrobium, Phalaenopsis and Cattleya blooms peek out from the cur- tains of Spanish Moss (Tillandsia usneoides) and Button Orchids (Dischidia) which hang from the Frangipanni trees. Arandas and terete and semi-terete Vandas such as V. Ruby Prince, V. Tan Chay Yan, V. Nellie Morley and Aranda Yvonne Tan flower year-round in pool-side plantings. The main basis of these garden beds is the local ‘‘sand palm’’, Livistona humilis. This sand palm, which grows in the bushland surrounding Darwin, is now a protected plant. Judicious inquiries how- ever, can reveal land development: sites from which orchid growers can obtain permission to salvage the useful palm trunks. Lengths of these are set into the ground in a row, surrounded by charcoal. Vandaceous top cuts are then tied either side of this sand palm fence. At first the fresh top cuts must be protected from direct sunlight with Sarlon or palm fronds. New, thick roots quickly encircle the sand palm posts and secure the plants in their new home. Once established, the shade can be removed from the garden, as these plants require good sunlight to flower at their best. @ 33 SHOW DATES NORTHERN TERRITORY Nightcliff Orchid Society Inc. WINTER: Royal Darwin Show, 27/28/29 July 1989, 10am to 10pm. SPRING: Keep Australia Beautiful Garden Fair, 12/13 August, 1989. SOUTH AUSTRALIA Gawler Districts Orchid Club Inc. AUTUMN: Saturday 13th & Sunday 14th May 1989, Saturday 9am-5pm, Sunday 9am-4pm. Held at Gawler South Parish Hall. Adelaide Road, Gawler. WINTER: Saturday 22nd, Sunday 23rd July 1989, Saturday 9am-Spm. Sunday 9am-4pm, Gawler South Parish Hall, Adelaide Road, Gawler. SPRING: Monday 18th September-Saturday 23rd September. Held at the Elizabeth City Centre — Shop Hours. Murray Bridge & Districts Orchid Club. SPRING: Friday and Saturday, 15th and 16th September, 1989, Friday 12 noon-8pm. Satur- day 10am-5pm. Port Lincoln Orchid Club Inc. WINTER DISPLAY: 2 days July 22nd & 23rd. Nursery hours. Held at Kallinyalla Nursery, Port Lincoln. SPRING: Spring Show. 7 Days. August 21st- 27th incl. Nursery hrs. Held at Kallinyalla Nursery Port Lincoln. Riverland Orchid Society SPRING DISPLAY: At: Berri on the 10th of September. SPRING: October Long Weekend — Sun & Mon. 12md-5pm. Orchid Display on the Monday only. The S.A. Orchidaceous Society. AUTUMN: To be held at the monthly meeting. May 17th. To be held at Thebarton Reception Centre. WINTER: July 29th & 30th 9am-6pm. To be held in conjunction with the South West Hospital Auxiliary. The proceeds are shared with the Auxiliary. SPRING: September 18th to 23rd. 1989. The show will be held at Westfield Shopping Centre, Tea Tree Plaza, Modbury. S.A. South Coast Orchid Club of S.A. Inc. WINTER: South coast Orchid Club Winter Show. 29th to 30th July, 1989 10am-4.30pm. Held Marion Rec Centre, Oakland Rd, Marion. SPRING: South Coast Orchid Club Spring show. 18 Sept to 23rd Sept 1989 9am-5.30pm. Held at Colonnades Shopping Centre, Noarlunga. VICTORIA 34 rrr Ararat Orchid Society. SPRING: Ararat Orchid Society Show Friday Saturday Sunday 21st 22nd 23rd October 89 10am- 6pm. Held in Ararat Town Hall. Australasian Native Orchid Victorian Group Inc. National Herbarium Birdwood Avenue, Mel- bourne. SPRING: Native Orchid Show September 30 llam-6pm, & October Ist 1989, 10am-4pm. Bendigo Orchid Club. SPRING: 13-15th October. Gippsland Orchid Society. WINTER: 26-27th August. Sale Tech. School. SPRING: 7th-8th October. Kildare College — Traralgon. 2 , Goulburn Valley Orchid Club. SPRING: Goulburn Valley Orchid Club/ Bonsai Club & Tatura Garden Club Show. Sat. 30th Sept 1989, Sunday Ist Oct 1989 hours 10am-5pm. Hamilton Orchid Club. SPRING: Fri & Sat Oct. 6th & 7th. Maribyrnong Orchid Society. WINTER: July 19th to 22nd inclusive, High Society, Point West Shopping Centre Rosamond Rd, Maribyrnong. SPRING: September 9th & 10th, Marie Mill Community Centre Randall St., Maribyrnong. Maroondah Orchid Society. SPRING: Nunawading Arts Centre Saturday 23rd Sept. 9am-10pm, Sunday 24th Sept. 9am to Spm. Midlands Orchid Society. SPRING: Midlands Orchid Society Annual Spring Show, 20th, 21st, 22nd October. Fri- day 20th Ipm to 9pm, Sat 10am- 9pm. Sun 10am-4pm. Mornington Peninsula Orchid Soc. WINTER: 7th-12th August. Cranbourne Shop- ping Centre. SPRING: 7th-8th October. Karingal High School. Northern and Eastern Districts Orchid Society Inc. WINTER: 21Ist-22nd July 1989. 10am-8pm in St. Philip’s Parish Hall, Galway Avenue, Broadview. SPRING: 24th 25th 26th August 1989 10am- 8pm, in St Philip’s Parish Hall, Galway Avenue, Broadview. Orchid Species Society of Victoria. AUTUMN: Country Societies Day; Sales & Autumn blooming orchid display, March | 1th 1989 llam-3.30pm. Ringwood Orchid Society Inc. WINTER: Tuesday, August 8th to Saturday August 12th 1989. During Shopping Hours. North Blackburn Square Shopping Centre, Cnr. Springfield & Williams Rds, Blackburn. SPRING: Monday, October 9th to Saturday, October 14th 1989. During Shopping Hours, including Late night shopping. Eastland shop- ping Centre. 171 Maroondah Highway. Ringwood. Sunraysia Orchid Club Inc. WINTER: July 22nd and 23rd 1989 10am- 4pm. Held in Greek Hall, Elizabeth St, Mildura South. SPRING: Sept 14th to 17th Incl. Fri 2pm- 9pm, Sat 10am-6pm, Sun 10am-4pm. Held as above. Victorian Orchid Club. WINTER: 24-29th July — Southland Shop- ping Centre. SPRING: 16th-2lst October — Southland Shopping Centre. Wangaratta and District Orchid Society. Technical School Staff Centre Wangaratta. SPRING: September 23rd-24th Sept 23rd, 12midday to 8pm, Sept 24th 10am-4pm. Warringal Orchid Society. WINTER: Meeting Night 8-10.30pm. SPRING: 2 days. Sat. 14th October 10am- 8pm, Sunday 15th Oct. 10am-Spm. Held at the Heidelberg Technical School Hall, Cnr. Waterdale Rd, & Bell Street, Heidelberg. West Gippsland Orchid Club: SPRING: 29th/30th Sept.-Ist October (3 days). Warrigal Art Centre. WINTER: 5-6th August. Pakenham Hall. Western District Orchid Society. SPRING: (2 days) 16th & 17th September ‘1989 Sat 2-5pm, Sunday 10am-5pm. Yarra Valley Orchid Society. SPRING: 21-22 October 1989. 9am-5pm. NSW & ACT Albury/Wodonga and District Orchid Club Inc. SPRING: Australian Inland Orchid Champion- ship Show. Saturday & Sunday 7th & 8th October, Saturday 1-8pm Sunday 10am-4pm. Alstonville Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: Uniting Church Hall, Main St. Alstonville NSW 2477. Friday Ist September, 1989, 9am-4pm. Saturday 2nd September, 1989, 9am-4pm. Ballina & District Orchid Soc. WINTER: Ballina & District Orchid Society, Uniting Church Hall Cherry St, Ballina. 12th May, 1989 9am-Spm, 13th May 9am-Spm. SPRING: Ballina & District Orchid Society, Uniting Church Hall, Cherry St. Ballina 8th Sept 1989 9am-Spm, 9th Sept 1989 9am-Spm. Berowra & Districts Orchid Society Inc. AUTUMN: Meeting Night — Thursday, 20th April, 1989 8pm-10pm. Meetings held in Berowra Community Centre, Gully Rd. Berowra. Boolaroo Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: Boolaroo Orchid Society Inc. Spring Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 Show. Garden City Shopping Centre, Park Ave, Kotara. Thursday 21st Sept 1989 8.30am-9pm, Friday 22rd Sept 1989 8.30am to 5.30pm, Saturday 23rd Sept 1989 8.30am- 3pm. Casino & District Orchid Society Inc. AUTUMN: April 28th 9am-6pm, April 29th 9am-4.30pm. SPRING: September 22nd 9am-6pm, Septem- ber 23rd 9am-4.30pm. City of Lismore Orchid Society Inc AUTUMN: 21-22 April, 1989, 9am-7.30pm, 23 April, 1988, 9am-3pm. SPRING: 7-8-9-10th September 1989. 9am- 7.30pm. Lismore City Hall. Coffs Harbour Orchid Society Inc. WINTER: Plaza Show Park Beach Plaza Coffs Harbour. Wednesday, 24th May, 9am-5pm, ‘Thursday 25th May, 9am-9pm, Friday 26th May 1989 from 9am-5pm. SPRING: Palms Centre Orchid Show, Palms Centre Coffs Harbour Mall. 11th Sept 1989 9am-5pm, 12th Sept 1989 9am-Spm, 13th Sept 1989 9am-5pm, 14th Sept 1989 9am to 9pm, 15th Sept 1989 9am-Spm, 16th Sept 1989 9am to Ipm. Eastern Districts Orchid Society, Inc. AUTUMN: 18th & 19th March 1989. 8.30-6.00pm & 8.30am to 3.30pm. Wondall Heights State School Assembly Hall, Wondall Road, Manly West. SPRING: 2nd & 3rd September 1989. 8.30am to 6.00pm & 8.30am to 3.30pm. Wondall Heights State School Assembly Hall, Wondall Road. Manly West. Eastern Suburbs. O.S. WINTER: St Lukes Church Hall, Cnr Varna & Arden Sts, Clovelly. Monday (only) 19th June 1989 8pm-10pm. SPRING: St Lukes Church Hall, Cnr Varna & Arden Sts, Clovelly. Monday (only) 18th Sept 1989 8pm-10pm. Eastwood & District Orchid Circle Inc. SPRING: Macquarie Shopping Centre, Center Stage. Monday 4th Sept 1989 Ipm-5.30pm, Tuesday 5th Sept 1989 9am-5.30pm, Wednes- day 6th Sept. 1989 9.00am-5.30pm, Thursday 7th Sept 1989 9.00am-9.00pm, Friday 8th Sept 1989 9am-5.30pm, Saturday 9th Sep 1989 9.00am-4.00pm. Far North Coast District Orchid Council. WINTER: 6th, 7th, 8th July 1989. 9am-9pm Thurs & Fri. 9am-12 Noon Sat. Lismore Shopping Square. Great Lakes Orchid Society Inc. WINTER: K Mart Shopping Village Show. Saturday 10th June Sunday 11th June, 1989. 9am-Spm. — SPRING: Forster Primary School Septemer & Ist October, 1989 9am-5pm. Gosford District Orchid Society. AUTUMN: Combined Central Coast, Autumn Orchid Show. 11th April until Saturday 15th April 89, 8.30am-S5pm & 9pm Friday night. To be held at Bay Village Shopping Centre Bateau Bay. WINTER: Gosford & District Winter Orchid Show. Monday 19th June to Saturday 24th June, 8.30am-S5pm & 9pm Friday night. To be held at Marketown Shopping Centre Gosford. SPRING: Gosford & District Spring Orchid Show. Monday 11th September to Saturday 16th September, 8.30am- Spm & 9pm Friday 30th Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 - SPRING: night. To be held at Marketwown Shopping Centre Gosford. Combined Central Coast Spring Show at Bay Village is the 4th Oct to 8th October. Grafton District Orchid Society Incorpor- ated. WINTER: Grafton Shopping World. Thursday 18th May 1989 9am- 9pm. Friday 19th May 1989 9am to 8pm, Saturday 2nd May 1989 9am-4pm. SPRING: Grafton Shopping World. Thursday 14th Sept 1989 9am-9pm. Friday 15th Sept 1989 9am- 8pm. Saturday 16th Sept 1989 9am-4pm. Griffith Orchid Society. SPRING: Spring Orchid Festival 2 Days. 9-10 September 1989 12-S5pm Sat. 9am-5pm Sun- day. Wade High School, Pool St, Griffith. Hastings River Orchid Society. SPRING: Hastings River Orchid Society. CWA Hall, High Street, Wauchope. 22nd Sept 1989 10am-8pm. 23rd Sept 1989 9am-1pm. Hawkesbury District Orchid Society. WINTER: Winter Show. Senior Citizen’s Centre Richmond. Saturday 10th June 1989 12 Noon- 5.30pm. Sunday 11th June 1989 9am- 5.30pm. SPRING: Spring Show. Senior Citizen’s Centre Richmond. Saturday 2nd June 1989 12 Noon-5.30pm. Sunday 3rd Sept 1989 9am- 5.30pm. Hunter Region Combined Orchid Society. WINTER: Stockland Mall Jesmond Centre. Wednesday 19th July 1989 8.30am- 5pm. Thursday 20th July 1989 8.30pm- 9pm, Friday 21st July 1989 8.30am- 9pm, Saturday 22nd July, 1989 8.30am- lpm. SPRING: Hunter Region Combined Orchid Society. Lakefair Mount Hutton. Wednesday 27th Sept 1989 8.30am-5pm, Thursday 28th Sept 1989 8.30am-9pm, Friday 29th Sept 1989 8.30am-6pm, Saturday 30th Sept 1989 8.30am-1Ipm. Ku-Ring-Gai Orchid Society. WINTER: Ku-Ring-Gai Orchid Display, Westfield Shoppingtown Hornsby. Thursday 11th May 1989 10am-9pm, Friday 12th May 1989 9am-6pm, Saturday 13th May 1989 9am-3pm. Ku-Ring-Gai Orchid Show, Westfield Shoppingtown Hornsby. Wednesday 30th Aug 1989, Thursday 31st Aug 1989, Friday Ist Sept 1989 Saturday 2/9/89. Lidcombe Hospital Orchid Society. WINTER: Lidcombe Hospital Annual Winter Show. Ward 15, Lidcombe Hospital 26th July 1989 8.00pm. SPRING: Lidcombe Hospital Annual Spring Show. Upper Recreation Hall, Lidcombe Hos- pital 16th Sept 1989 9am-3.30pm. Manly Warringah Orchid Society Inc. WINTER: Warriwood Show Warriwood Square, Warriwood. Thursday Ist June 1989 9am-8pm, Friday 2nd June 1989 9am-Spm, Saturday 3rd June 1989 9am-4pm. SPRING: Mona Vale Show, Mona Vale. Friday 25th Aug 1989 9am-5pm, Saturday 26th Aug 1989 9am-Spm, Sunday 27th Aug 1989 9am- 4pm. EXTRA SHOW: Manly Warringah Orchid Society Inc. Warriwood Show. 3 Days 21st, 22nd, 23rd September 1989. 9am-8pm Thurs, 9-Spm Fri & Sat. Maitland & Coalfields District Orchid So- ciety Inc. SPRING: Maitland & Coalfields District Or- chid Society Inc.1989 Spring Show. Pender Place Shopping Centre, Church St, Maitland. Thursday 14th Sept 1989 8.30am- 9pm, Friday 15th Sept 1989 8.30am-8pm, Saturday 16th Sept 1989 8.30am to 2.30pm. Manning River Orchid Society Inc. WINTER: Thurs 29th June, Friday 30th June 9am-Spm, Sat Ist July, 9am-12md. Manning Mall, Taree. SPRING: Mon I1Ith Sept, Tue 12th Sept & Wed 13th Sept 9am-Spm. Held in Manning Mall, Taree. Newcastle Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: Saint Andrew’s Church Hall, Church St. Mayfield. 2304. Thursday 7th Sept. Ipm- 8pm, Friday 8th Sept. 9.30am- 6pm, Saturday 9th Sept. 9.30am- 6pm, Sunday 10th Sept. 9.30am-6pm. O.S.N.S.W. Ltd WINTER: 13-17th June. Roseland Shopping Complex. Shopping Hours. SPRING: 17th-24th September, Parade Ground, Royal Botanic Gardens 9am-5pm. Parramatta & District Orchid Society Inc. WINTER: Winter Show. Wednesday 26th July to Saturday 29th July, 1989. Shopping hours. Seven Hills Shopping Centre, Seven Hills Road, Seven Hills. NSW. SPRING: Monday 4th September to Saturday 9th September, 1989. Shopping hours. Carlingford Court Shopping _— Centre, Carlingford NSW. Port Macquarie Orchid Society Inc. WIN- TER: Port Macquarie. Settlement City Shop- ping Centre, Port Macquarie. Thursday 11th May 1989 9am- 9pm, Friday 12th May 1989 9am- 5.30pm, Saturday 13th May 1989 9am- 4pm. SPRING: Port Macquarie Orchid Society Inc. 7th Annual Spring Show. Settlement City Shopping Centre, Port Macquarie. Thursday 14th Sept 1989 9am-9pm, Friday 15th Sept 1989 9am- 5.30pm, Saturday 16th Sept 1989 9am-4pm. Sapphire Coast Orchid Club. WINTER: Sapphire Coast Orchid Club. Win- ter Show 18-19 August. Merimbula Town Hall 10am-4pm. SPRING: Sapphire Coast Orchid Club Spring Show. Norm. Honey Motors. Bega. 22-23 September, 10am-5pm. Shoalhaven Orchid Society. WINTER: Presbyterian Church Hall, Kinghorn St, Nowra. Saturday 15th July 1989 10.30am- Spm. SPRING: Presbyterian Church Hall, Kinghorn St, Nowra. Friday 15th Sept 1989 12 Noon- 6pm, Saturday 16th Sept 1989 9.30am-Spm. St George Orchid Society. WINTER: St George Orchid Society Winter Show. One night July 4th 1989, 8pm-10pm. Winter Show night is held on our meeting night in July — everyone welcome. SPRING: St George Orchid Society Spring Trophy Night. One night September Sth 1989, 8pm- 10pm. Spring Trophy night held on our september meeting night. All welcome — Visitors’ Tables. continued p.38 35 36 THE VERY LATEST IN EXHIBITION AND MINIATURE MANY OF THE CROSSES LISTED ARE THE FIRST TIME THEY HAVE EVER BEEN RELEASED. F152L.C. LITTLE SUSIE ‘Orchidglen’ x L.C. PROPHESY ‘Monterey’ F115 C. TIFFAN BELLS ‘Orchidglade’ x C. LYN SPENCER ‘Cha’ F150 SLC. TANGERINE JEWEL x SLC. HAZEL BOYD ‘Mikkabi’ F201 POT FORTUNE TELLER ‘Mendenhall’ x BLC. OCONEE ‘Mendenhall’ F117 BLC. RUEBENS VERDE x (C. LEOPOLDII x LC. ANN FOLLES) F122 SLC. BATTEMANNIANA x C. INTERGLOSSA ‘Dogashima’ F30 C.BARRELON x C. EARL ‘Imperialis’ F196 LC. SCARLET IMP ‘Orange’ x BLC. WAIKIKI SUNSET ‘Brightest Orange’ F205 SLC. DIXIE JEWEL ‘Suzuki’ x SL PSYCHE ‘Prolific’ F190 BLC. MAITLAND ‘Miles’ x LC. OCONEE ‘Mendenhall’ F200 LC. SCARLET IMP ‘Amy’ x LC. HAZEL BOYD ‘March Lion’ F174 BLC. MAE HAWKINS ‘Miya’ x LC. KEVIN GREEN ‘Margie’ SEND STAMP ADDRESSED ENVELOPE FOR CATALOGUE AND CATTLEYA DIVISION LIST. SKYROAD FREIGHT UP TO 3KG— $10. ALL THESE CROSSES 2” POTS AT $3.50 EACH ame MAIL ORDER SPECIALISTS 119 BOUNDARY RD.,THORNLANDS QUEENSLAND 4164. PHONE (07) 2064385 CREDIT CARDS WELCOME. OPEN 7 DAYS - The latest and the best Phalaenopsis from ABC Orchids, Taiwan for showbench and cut flowers Breeding Line and Flower Count can be verified on request. WHITE P. Mount Kaala ‘Elegance’ x self Good shaped large white P. Winter Kaala x self one of the very few fragrant and good textured whites WHITE WITH RED LIP P. Su’s Red Lip x self Dtps Odoriko x self Both selfings have Long Sprays with heavy textured flowers PINK P. New Eagle x self Large and very good shaped Pinks P. New Eagle x P. Mount Kaala Elegance Expect large soft Pinks STRIPES P. Happy Valentine x Judy Champion P. Darling Taiwan x Matou Freed Commercial Flask approx 30/40 Plants (imported) Hobby Flask 20 to 30 Plants Community Pots 10 Plants (6 months) Large Single Plant Skyroad Freight for 3kg $45.00 25.00 L. MAYER 56 Wood St. Lane Cove 2066 (WA CYA ERT sb) Please ring after Spm Cape Oasis Weatherby Rd, Mt. Molloy, N.Q. 4871 Phone: (070) 94 1146 We now have a separate MAIL ORDER ORCHID LIST including species & hybrids in Cattleya, Dendrobium, Vanda, Oncidium, Epidendrum, Spathoglottis & Others Our general plant list including exotic foliage, Cycads, Bamboos, conservatory Palms etc. is still available on request. Props: Peter Pal & Sue Holcombe Nursery visits by appointment ORCHID LABORATORY SEED FLASKING Exotics and Australian Natives REPLATING (We also accept flasks from other sources) MERICLONING All work carried out in our modern tissue culture laboratory under optimum conditions. Send for a free brochure providing tips on seed collection and charges. Small and large orders equally welcome. Flora Propagation Laboratories 18 Mundy St., Mentone, Melbourne Vic. 3194 (03) 584 2087 Myall Orchids New Guinea and Australian Ceratobium Dendrobiums including D. bigibbum, D. canaliculatum and D. johannis hybrids. Some New Guinea species. Seedlings to flowering size. Min Korsman 95 TOOLAKEA BEACH ROAD, BLUEWATER QUEENSLAND 4816. (077) 88 6147 ORCHIDS QUALITY CATTLEYAS Latest EXHIBITION and MINIATURES 50mm to Flowering Some other Genera Available Specialising in Mail Order Visits by Appointment Write or Phone for Free List G. P. & D. E. MOUATT Serpentine Creek Road Redland Bay Qlid 4165 PHONE (07) 206 7698 Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 Cea ears aie haiscemmcentsoae ss ORCHID ENTERPRISES PO Box 2398, Southport, Qid. 4215 PHONE: (075) 53 1924 FLASKS — PLANTS A large range of species and hybrids to suit new growers, serious collectors and those seeking free flowering plants for intermediate to warm conditions. VERY PROMPT MAIL ORDER IS OUR SPECIALTY. Seedlings and Mericlones Cattleyas - Softcanes - Hardcanes Vandaceous - Odont. alliance - species KEIKIGROW PRODUCTS — we are the SOLE Australian agents for ’Keikigrow Products of Canada. Keikigrow - Stoprot and Rootgrow in stock- 7.5cc at $12.50 Post Paid Send stamp for our current listings. Phone or mail orders using Bankcard, Visacard or Mastercard Welcome, including export overseas. We invite you to visit our nursery at 15 HOAD STREET, EARLVILLE, CAIRNS or write (Please include postage stamp) for our latest listing to RO. BOX 404, EARLVILLE, QLD 4871. Ph (070) 54 1746. Fax (070) 33 1746. MERRELLEN ORCHIDS Ted & Barbara Gregory Specialist breeders of cool growing Aust Natives and Hybrids. Send 37¢ stamp for our 88-89 list. Mail orders our specialty. 181 Oxenford Road, Tamborine Heights, Qld 4271. px: (075) 45 1576 East Coast Orchids Specialising in New Guinea Ceratobium Dendrobiums. Species and hybrids. WE WISH TO ADVISE THAT OUR NURSERY WILL BE TEMPORARILY CLOSED DURING THE NEXT FEW MONTHS DUE TO RELOCATION. EAST COAST ORCHIDS — K. & H. MARTIN P.O. BOX 361, KURANDA, QUEENSLAND 4872 PHONE (070) 92 3209 orchids "KWCH Morar MMe OUR PRIZE WINNING ORCHIDS CONTINUE TO DOMINATE THE SHOW SCENE ORCHID EXPO’88 GRAND CHAMPION, CALOUNDRA 5 FIRSTS, 5 SECONDS > weels Jawr + 4CHAMPION VANDA OF SHOW, 6 FIRSTS, 5 SECONDS at the 11th Australian Orchid Conference, Sydney A PASSPORT FOR QUALITY Write for our current list of Flasks & Community Pots of: Dendrobium, Vandaceous, Cattleya, Phalaenopsis. Now available, our own freshly prepared Orchid Culture Medium in hobby packs or bulk. 72 Mount Peter Road (corner Mann Street & Mount Peter Road) Edmonton, North Queensland. 4869 Please Phone (O70) 55 4751 before visiting. Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 37 Sydney Orchid Society. WINTER: Winter show. One night 8th June 8pm-10pm, Remembrance Hall 220 Lakemba St, Lakemba. SPRING: Orchids in Spring Normal shopping hours, Strathfield Plaza, Strathfield. SPRING: 28th Aug-2nd Sept 1989 Tamworth Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: Tamworth Orchid Show, Tamworth Shopping World, Bridge St, Tamworth. Thurs- day 21st Sept 1989 llam- 9pm, Friday 22nd Sept 1989 9am-5pm, Saturday 23rd Sept 1989 9am-5pm. Tweed District Orchid Society Inc. AUTUMN: Tweed Mall Shopping Centre Tweed Heads. Thurs. 11th May 1989 9am- Spm, Fri. 12th May, 1989 9am-Spm, Sat. 13th May 1989 9am-3pm. WINTER: Sunny Side Shopping Centre, Mur- willumbah. Thurs 31st Aug 1989 9am-Spm, Fri Ist Sept 1989 9am-Spm, Sat 2nd Sept 1989 9am-2pm, in conjunction with the Tweed Banana Festival. SPRING: Tweed City Shopping Centre, Sth Tweed Heads. Thurs 5th Oct 1989 9am-Spm, Fri 6th Oct 1989 9am-Spm, Sat 7th Oct 1989 9am-3pm. NSW Regional Conference Orchid Show. SPRING: Sturt School — Wagga Wagga. Saturday 30th Sept 1989 Ipm-6pm, Sunday Ist Oct 1989 10am- 5pm, Monday 2 Oct 1989 10am- 1pm. Upper Hunter Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: Lancaster’s, John St, Singleton. Friday 8th Sept 1989 8.30am-5.30pm, Satur- day 9th Sept 1989 8.30am-3.30pm. Western Suburbs Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: Western Suburbs Orchid Society Inc. Spring Show. Three days. Thurs, Fri Sat. 31st Aug 1989 Ist & 2nd Sept 1989. Thursday 10am-9pm, Friday 9am to 5.30pm, Sat. 9am- 4pm. Location: Burwood Plaza, Railway Pde, Burwood. : Wagga Orchid Society. SPRING: Conference Orchid Show 30th Sept to 2nd Oct. 1989, 10-5 daily. In conjunction with S.W. Regional Conference Sturt Public School. Woodburn Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: Woodburn Orchid Society Inc. Spr- ing Show. Woodburn Mem. Hall Pacific High- way. 15th Sept 1989 8am- Spm, 16th Sept 1989 8am-S5pm, 17th Sept 1989 8am-5pm. QUEENSLAND Aspley Orchid Society Inc. AUTUMN: Sat 13th May 9am-5pm Sun 14th May 9am-4pm. The Community Hall, Edinburgh Castle Rd, Wavell Heights. SPRING: Saturday 16th Sept 9am-Spm Sun- day 17th Sept 9am-4pm Sunday. The Com- munity Hall, Edinburgh Castle Rd, Wavell Heights. Atherton Tableland Orchid Society. WINTER: 10th and 11th July, 1989. Ayr & District Orchid Society. AUTUMN: I Ith & 12th May 8.30am-9.30pm on Thursday & 8.30-Spm Friday Mother’s Day, Coutt’s Mall, Queen Street, Ayr. SPRING: Thursday & Friday during Water- Festival. Usually last week in September, to be 38 advised in June issue. Coutt’s Mall, Queen Street, Ayr. Bundaberg Orchid Society Inc. AUTUMN: 10th May-13th May, 1989. 8.30am-10.00 (Thurs); 8.30am-5.00pm (Fri- day), Civic Centre, Bourbong St. 8.30am- 2.30pm (Sat). Caboolture Orchid Society Inc. AUTUMN: Annual Autumn Show 18th to 20th May 1989. 9am-9pm Thurs, 9am- Spm Fri, 9am-2pm Sat. Darling Downs Orchid Association Inc. AUTUMN: Thurs 27th to Sat 29th April 8.30am to 6pm. Sat 8.30am to 2.30pm. Q.C.W.A. Hall, 263 Margaret St, Toowoomba. SPRING: Sat 23 to Sat 30th Sept. Sat 8am- 9pm. Sun 9-5. Mon-Fri 8.30-6. Sat 8.30-2.30pm. TAFE College, Neil St, Toowoomba. Emerald Orchid & Foliage Society. SPRING: Annual Spring Show 22 days (Dates to be set). 6.30am-9.30am. Gold Coast Orchid Society Inc. AUTUMN: Friday 31st March/Saturday Ist April 1989, Friday 9am-5,30pm — Saturday 8.30am-5.30pm. Judged Show, Display, Floral Art, Sales Table. SPRING: Three days — Held in conjunction with the Gold Coast annual show. Judged Show, Display, Floral Art, Sales Table. Gympie Orchid Society. AUTUMN: April 21 & 22 9am-9pm. 9am- 4pm. Dendrobium Feature Show Civic Centre, Gympie. SPRING: Spring Gold Rush. October 12th, 13th & 14th. Shopping hours, Goldfields Shopping Plaza — inter club display. Hervey Bay Orchid Society Inc. AUTUMN: 28, 29th April Friday 28th. 9am- 8pm. Sat. 29th 9am-3pm Hervey House (R.S.L.), Torquay Rd, Pialba. Ipswich Orchid Society Inc. AUTUMN: 8th & 9th April 9am-6pm & 9am- Spm. SPRING: 2 days — date to yet be decided in Sept. 9am-6pm & 9am-Spm. Logan & Albert Orchid & Foliage Society. SPRING: Mt Tamborine. Saturday & Sunday 8.30am-5pm, 9am-4pm September. Mackay & District Orchid Society Inc. AUTUMN: April 12, 13, & 14th. Shopping centre trading hours. Caneland Shoppingtown Mackay. SPRING: September 28, 29, & 30th. Shopping centre trading hours Canelands Shoppingtown Mackay. Maryborough District Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: Sept, 14-15-16. 14th-15th 9am- 9pm — 16th 9am-2pm. Entry free. St. Pauls. Mem. Hall. Adelaide St. Noosa District Orchid & Foliage Society. SPRING: 8-9 September 89 Memorial Hall, Maple St, Cooroy. North Coast Orchid Society Nambour Inc. AUTUMN: 4th Sth 6th May 1989. 9am-9pm (4) 9am-Spm(5) 9Yam-2pm (6) Ray Grace Mitsubishi car show room Nambour. Orchid Species Society Inc. SPRING: Sat 9th, Sun 10th Sept. 1989. Sat. 9am-Spm. Sun. 9am-4pm. Auditorium Mr. Coot-tha Botanic Gardens Mt. Coot-tha Rd, Toowong. Pine Rivers Orchid Society. AUTUMN: Kensington Village Bray Pk. 27th 28th 29th April 1989 8-30am- Spm. SPRING: Pick & Pay Hypermarket Aspley 6th to 9th Sept 1989 8.30am-S5pm. The Queensland Orchid Society Inc. AUTUMN: 7th-9th April 9am-Spm. Mt Coot- tha Botanic Gardens Auditorium. SPRING: 15th-17th September 9am-Spm. Mt Coot-tha Botanic Gardens Auditorium Rockhampton Orchid Society. AUTUMN: 7th, 8th, 9th April, 1989. 9.00am to 9.00pm. Theme — ‘‘Orchid Fantasy’’. SPRING: Dates at present unknown — Some- time in September. Sunshine Coast Or. Soc. Inc. AUTUMN: 30th March-Ist April. 9am-8 pm. Sat Ist 9am-3pm. Civic Cultural Centre Caloundra. SPRING: 14, 15, 16 September. 9am-8pm but Sat 9am-3pm. Local Society members only. Civic Cultural Centre Caloundra. Townsville Orchid Society Inc. AUTUMN: Friday 31st March, Saturday Ist and Sunday 2nd April 1989. Friday and Saturday 9am-9pm. Sunday 9am-Spm. City Council Administration Building Walker Street, Townsville. SPRING: Friday 15th, Saturday 16th and Sunday 17th September 1989. Friday and Saturday 9am-9pm. Sunday 9Yam-Spm. City Council Administration Building Walker Street, Townsville. Townsville District Orchid & Allied Plant Assn. AUTUMN: 11-12-13 May 1989, K Mart Plaza. Thurs 8.30am-9pm, Fri 8.30am- 5.30pm, Sat 8am-12 noon. West Brisbane Orchid Soc. Inc. AUTUMN: Autumn Orchid & Plant Show Saturday 22nd & Sunday 23rd April 9am-5pm. (Open show) The Auditorium, Mt. Coot-tha Botanic Gardens SPRING: Orchid & Plant Spectacular (Charity Show) Saturday 23rd Sunday 24th September 9am-5pm. The Auditorium, Mt. Coot-tha Botanic Gardens. (Open show). West Moreton Orchid Group Inc. AUTUMN: Friday 7th April to and including Sunday 9th April. Friday 9am-9pm. Saturday 9am-5pm. Sunday 9am-Spm. St Pauls C. of E Hall, Limestone St, Ipswich. SPRING: West Moreton Orchid Group Spring Show. Thursday 14th September to Saturday 16th September, Thursday 8.30am-9pm. Fri- day 8.30am-5.30pm. Saturday 8.30am-4pm. Booval Fair Shopping Centre, Brisbane Road, Booval. WESTERN AUSTRALIA Orchid Society of Western Australia (Inc) WINTER: O.S.W.A. Winter Show 29th-30th July 1989, Ipm-Spm Sat, 9.30am-4.30 Sun. Held in Collins Street Hall, South Perth. SPRING: O.S.W.A. Spring Show 13th-16th September 9am-5pm. Held at the Metro Maddington Metropolitan Shopping Centre, Maddington. Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 ORCHIDACEOUS Specialist supplier of ORCHID BOOKS & GIFT LINES featuring ORCHIDS Write now for your free catalogue: ORCHIDACEOUS P.O. Box 378, Alstonville N.SW. 2477 SHOWROOM Suite 2, Colonial Building, Main St, Alstonville N.SW. 2477 (Viewing by Appointment) Phone (066) 28 1438 0) 5{0} 5 89D ={070) .e) Send for FREE descrip- tive list of more than 425 currently available Orchid books...sent surface mail, anywhere in the world, postpaid!! ORCHID BOOKS OLD — NEW — RARE Back issues magazines, Antique prints. Free catalog by airmail Visa and Mastercard accepted McQUERRY ORCHID BOOKS 5700 W. Salerno Rd, Jacksonville, FL 32244 USA Reproductive Biology of Species Orchids: principles and practice. Adams, P.B. ed. (1988). 93 pp., many line drawings & 2 pages of colour. Orchid Species Society of Victoria & School of Botany, University of Melbourne. This is to our mind a timely publication which combines the expertise of profes- sional biologists with the practical experi- ences of amateur orchid growers. The main text comprises a series of articles by different authors. Half of these are of a general nature including a guide to the propagation of orchids from seed, a con- sideration of the comparative fertility of self and sibling pollinations, and the Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 spectrum of fertility in Australian orchid species. The other articles are of a more specific nature, for example, on the effects of loading different Cymbidium species’ with numerous seed capsules, and the reproductive biology of Dendrobium speciosum and Eriochilus cucullatus re- spectively. Five appendices and a glossary complete the text. The appendices will be of practical interest to those intending to use this book as a practical guide for raising orchids from seed. They include a guide to aseptic culture methods, a sum- mary of the relative ease of raising differ- ent species from seed, approximation ger- mination and deflasking schedules for different species, and methods for raising terrestrial and epiphytic species from seed in vivo. The book is biased, as one might expect, towards Australian native species but this in no way detracts from its relevance elsewhere. The text promulgates sound techniques for the raising of orchids from seed and provides easy-to-follow methods in simple, uncomplicated language. Jar- gon is kept to a minimum even in the more scientific articles. The relevance of raising orchids from seed when so many orchids are threatened in the wild is emphasised throughout and we welcome this approach. It seems inevitable that, in a popular book, some of the experimental results are somewhat oversimplified and qualitative. It would be good to see some quantitative classification of the results presented in any future edition. A standardised form for tabulating pollination results might have been usefully incorporated to allow com- parability of results. We would also suggest that a future edition gives space to the allied areas of seed and pollen storage which are likely to be of increasing importance in horticulture and the conser- vation of threatened species. The question of symbiotic seed germination requires, we feel, a separate book to do it justice. Sarcochilus hartmannii We have found little to question in the text as a whole although, in the chapter on Eriochilus cucullatus, we would suggest that it is rash to infer from the squash technique alone that fertilisation must have occurred because of the large number of pollen tubes the authors have noted in the ovary. Other techniques should be used to confirm this observation. In many orchid species, a considerable time lag exists between entry of the tubes into the ovary and fertilisation occurring (Clifford & Owens, in press in 10th International Symposium on sexual reproduction in higher plants. Sprunger Verlag). Despite these minor criticisms, we can © heartily recommend this well-produced book to you. It will be a valuable addition to the library of all those interested in the raising of orchids from seed. Congratulat- ions must go to the collaborators for filling a gap in the orchid literature and we look forward to future editions of this useful text. @ Phillip Cribb Sean Clifford 39 40 AX @ Mooroolbark Orchids Mainly Masdevallia Cool growing little dazzlers WE’ VE GOT THE COMMUNITY SPIRIT... Growers who find deflasking a chore will appreciate our community pots of 5 plants ready to plant out into their own 36 m/m (1%4") tubes, many species & hybrids are from minimum germination propagations so your enquiries is recommended. Flasks from $25.00. Communities $15.00. Single plants from $6.50. Please send stamp for current & future availability including = Masdevallia, Dracuvallia Sarcochilus & native Dendrobium. 6 Bellara Drive Mooroolbark, Vic 3138 Phone (03) 726 0060 Viewing by appointment only arranged to Suit NEW ZEALAND GROWERS... ‘The House of Orchids’ 145 Manuka Rd, Glenfield Auckland. Phone 444 9771 Lakeside ® Orchids EXPERIENCED NORTHERN TERRITORY GROWERS OF LOWLAND TROPICAL ORCHIDS. Intermediate Dendrobiums, JVB Vandas and vandaceous topcuts are our speciality. Send S.A.E. for price list. Location: Lot 31 Nottage Road, Bees Creek (34 km from Darwin on sealed roads). Postal Address: P.O. Box 633, Palmerston, N.T. 0831. Telephone (089) 88 1004 Proprietors: Lloyd & Win Kent Bankcard and Mastercard Welcome. ORCHID SPECIAL A&B FERTILISERS Food for all Orchid Species Crystalline — fully water soluble — _ especially manufactured for better orchids. Rich in 8 essen- tial mineral trace elements. ORCHID SPECIAL A (Yellow Compound) 11.13.16 Applied at initiation of flower spikes and continued through to the end of flowering. The high phosphorus and potassium and the low nitrogen content stimulates flowering and ensures a better bloom. ORCHID SPECIAL B (Blue Compound) 30.4.8 For established plants, applied at completion of flowering through to initiation of flower spikes. Young | and developing orchids should be fed regularly the whole year. The high nitrogen stimulates plant growth and plant vigour. Packed in 500g 3kg and 30kg units. Periodic feeding 15 g in 5 litres of water. Regular feeding 2 g in 5 litres of water. Campbell Orchid Special A & B Fertilisers “just for good orchids” For the name of your local supplier contact: NSW: Canfel (02) 533 3417. Frank Slattery Orchids (02) 50 7985, Lagoon Nursery (02) 982 9849. VIC: Fertool Distributors (03) 793 3844. QLD: Burnell Agencies (07) 394 2211. WA: Nurserymens Supplies (09) 353 2536. SA: Munns (08) 293 2442, Lawlors (08) 43 9636. TAS: Horticultural Supplies (003) 34 1244. NT: Tropigro (089) 84 3200. A product of COLIN CAMPBELL (CHEMICALS) PTY. LTD. 5 Blackfriar Place, Wetherill Park, NSW 2164 Telephone (02) 725 2544 _ Fax: (02) 604 7768 P.O. Box 789, Smithfield NSW 2164 Cymbidiums, Cattleyas, Dendrobiums & Paphiopedilums Specialists in mail orders If you require quality orchids at reasonable prices then we invite you to visit or phone EVELIN ORCHIDS Cnr Old Northern Rd & Laughtondale Gully Road, Maroota 2756 NSW Australia Phone (045) 66 8243 From Flask to Flowering Size Plants Divisions of quality imported stock Please write or phone for current lists. ORCHIDS ALWAYS IN FLOWER TAKE ONE DAY TO LEARN Basic orchid seed sowing Course geared for the Hobbyist in terms you can understand and with equipment you can afford. Included preparation of seed pod, sowing of seed in sterile media, transfer of already germi- nated seed to growing jar. Plant- ing out into community pot and its care. Morning tea/coffee with introductory lecture Lunch with- out any lecture, but this might be a good time to ask questions. Cost $50.00 per person, group of 4, $160,000. Write or phone for application form. We have a large range of Or- chids and with this course you will be shown our own laboratory and equipment. Our usual trading will continue as usual. Send 39¢ stamp for list, please phone before visiting. GROWING POINT NSY 12 ALA MONA RD, E KURRAJONG NSW 2758 TEL. (045) 73 1857 Mandurang ORCHID NURSERY Tannery Lane, Mandurang, Vic. 3551. (8 km from Bendigo) Telephone (054) 39 5273 AUTUMN FLOWERING CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS 4 Single-growth plants for $30 Plus $8 Freight by Skyroad. Shoshin X Rosalita Cym. (Rosy) 2N. Tall erect spikes of miniature deep rose pink flowers in April (perfumed). Mini Splendour Cym. “Red Dragon” 4N. Dark red miniature flowers on arching spikes blooming in April and again in September. Pendragon Cym. “Broadmoor” 4N. Very long spikes of creamy white { Intsrnerliats flowers with red marked lip in April. Play Misty Cym. “Pink Panther” 4N. Long straight spikes of pink miniature blooms with dark pink flush on lip and petals and sepals. Flowers in April. OPEN 9 AM -5 PM WEDNESDAY TO SUNDAY PRICE LISTS AVAILABLE Bankcard, Visacard and Mastercard welcome. Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 CLONING |AVP 13A/3 Richard Close, North Rocks. NSW 2151 P.O. Box 337, Carlingford, NSW 2118 Telephone: (02) 630 1876 Se oS Independent Tissue Culture Laboratory Available for. @ Seed culture @ Mericloning @ Replating LABORATORIES Confidentiality Assured Price List on Application Border Hill oe Australian native hybrids, cattleyas and_ paphios. Grown in the crisp mountain air of Queensland’s Granite Belt. Send stamp for list. Bankcard and Visacard welcome P.O. BOX 288 STANTHORPE QLD 4380 TEL: (076) 81 1386 ‘‘Double U” Orchids Specialising in FLASKS of the very latest in Australian Native Dendrobium and Sarcochilus Hybrids. Please send S.A.E. for List 71 Wesley Street, Elanora Heights, NSW, 2101 Telephone (02) 913 9438 ARANBEEM ORCHIDS “The Orchid Centre of Australia” DENDROBIUMS with a DIFFERENCE The following collection of Hard Cane Dendrobiums all have their own special appeal and quality. This selection will bloom throughout the whole year. In addition our listings contain a wide range of many other types of superior quality. Den. Dawn Maree ‘GJW’ AM/AOS (50mm tubes, $8ea.). Shown photo. Flowers all year and very long lasting. Den. Dawn Maree (Remake) (50mm tubes, $3.50ea.). Both parents with AOS awards so quality expected. Den. Charm (NFS 50mm tubes, $5ea.). Miniature with clusters of 1” beige to orange blooms. Den. Dalvey ‘Candy Stripe’ (50mm tubes, $7ea.). Novelty candy stripe of compact growth. Den. Pixie Princess ‘H & R’ AM/AOS (50mm tubes, $8ea.). Top quality numerous upright spikes from compact plants. Den. Anching Lubag ‘Shangrila’ (50mm tubes, $7ea.). Long arching spikes of chartreuse with white spot. Compact Intermediate. Den. Kaneohe Beauty ‘Waianae Red’ (50mm tubes, $8 ea.). Quality full shape intermediate rich burgundy. Den. Joanna Messina ‘Dynasty’ (50mm tubes, $7ea,). Vibrant red purple flared phalaenanthe. Very long spikes. Den. Easter Bunny ‘Ryan’ (NFS 75mm pots, $12ea)). Striking pastel antelope with ‘bunny ear’ petals. Prolific bloomer all year. Den. Darell Gard ‘Kamiya’ (FS 75mm pots, $25ea.). Large deep rusty red intermediate of top show quality. SPECIAL OFFER The above collection of 10 plants sent FREIGHT FREE for $85 (other orders add $10 Despatch and Packing). Brisbane 4508 Den. Dawn Maree ‘GJW’ am/Aos AUTUMN LISTING NOW AVAILABLE (Includes many first release mericlones, seedlings and communit pots). Listings are issued regularly and posted FRE on request. NEW SUPPLEMENTARY AUTUMN LISTING NOW AVAILABLE (Includes many more exciting first release mericlones, seedlings and community pots. Specials are also available). NEW PREMIER SELECTION and IMPORTED PLANT LISTING NOW AVAILABLE (Includes many special first release mericlones, seedlings and flowering size plants). This listing is issued regularly and posted FREE on request. Priests Rd. (RO. Box 96), Deception Bay, Phone (07) 888 3637 Nursery Hours: Mon. to Sat. 8am-5pm. Closed Sundays and Public Holidays SUNSHINE ORCHID NURSERY 2034 ROGHAN RD, BALD HILLS, BRISBANE, 4036 TELEPHONE (07) 263 4902 (Closed Sundays) EVERYTHING FOR ORCHID GROWERS AMATEUR AND PROFESSIONAL Write for our full catalogue which includes a wide range of plants, flasks and accessories. Mail Orders Processed Promptly (Discounts for Quantity) YES — OUR MODERN LABORATORY UNDERTAKES CUSTOM FLASKING (Both Commercial and Private) AND FOR TOP SHOWBENCH RESULTS USE OUR LONG LASTING Sterilised and Treated Orchid Bark AVAILABLE IN FIVE (6) GRADES (FULL DETAILS IN OUR CATALOGUE) BANKCARD, MASTERCARD AND VISA CARDS ACCEPTED TAIDA ORCHIDS © _4 A541 P. GOLDEN EMPEROR ‘SWEET’ ‘| FCC/AOS, FCC/OSROC U.S. Patent No 4715. Taiwan Commercial Trade Mark No. 251729, 13266, 1327 Mericlones: Second blooming size Blooming size Near blooming size 2” Pot size signatory nations. Reference Bank: Bank of Taiwan, Yuanlin Branch. A/C No. 049001105878 No. 100. Sec. 3, Chung Shan Road, Da Tsun S1506 Chang Hwa, Taiwan, R.O.C. 42 TAIDA HORTICULTURAL CO. LTD. TEL: (048) 52 4042/52 7335 FAX: (048) 52 7682 GOOD QUALITY AT A REASONABLE PRICE!! The best quality of the cutflower * Now they are instantly supply for every hobbyist and nursery. Our company had getted all P. Golden Emperor ‘Sweet’ plants and patent privilege in the world from Mr. Kwo of Sweet Orchid. NOTE: Propagation and sale of this variety is prohibited by U.S. patent laws in the United States and international plant patent We supply quality hybrids and mericlones of the other Phalaenopsis from flask to blooming size. Available color: White, Pink, White with red lip and otHer art shades. (Yellow, Spot, Stripe). Our price will be easy accepted. Minimum order U.S. $200.00. Please add U.S. $40.00 for CITIES, Handling, Shipping and Airmail postage charge. con. from p.32 Judging of the Genus Stanhopea Neville Schaefer. Bibliography and selected reading list 1. Australian Orchid Council Australian Or- chid Awards 1985. 2. Australian Orchid Council Standards for Judging. January 1984. 3. American Awards Quarterly Volumes 1-18. 4. Dobson, C. The Mexican Stanhopeas The American Orchid Society Bulletin Feb 19 1963. 5. Dobson, C. Classification of some No- menclature in the Genus Stanhopea. Selbyana Vol I No | Jan 1975. 6. Dobson, C. Orchids of Ecuador: Stanhopea Selbyana Vol 1. 7. Greer, B. Those Incredible Stanhopeas. Australian Orchid Review Autumn 1987. 8. Horich, C. The Astonishing Stanhopea ecornuta and some of its hybrids Orquidea (Mex) 5(12) July 10 1976. 9. Horich, C. The Costa Rican Stanhopea Species. Orchid Digest May/June 1974. 10. Haager, J.R. and Jenik Stanhopea tadeasi The Orchid Digest Vol 48 No 5 1984 11. Jenny, R. The Genus Embreea The Orchid Digest March/April 1985. 12. Kennedy, G. The Stanhopeas of Mexico. The Orchid Digest September/October 1975. 13. Kennedy, G. Two Confused Stanhopea Species: Stanhopea tigrina and Stanhopea nigro-violacea. 14. Kraus, L. The Culture of Stanhopeas. American Orchid Society Bulletin Vol 53 No 4 1984. multi-flower cool tolent good texture Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 ASIA PACIFIC ORCHID CONFERENCE SEND FOR DETAILS NOW P.O. Box 25 Park Holme S.A. 5043 Phone (08) 298 6689 3RD ASIA PACIFIC ORCHID CONFERENCE | Ae (oe) V2 | NTA S ADELAIDE ¢ SOUTH AUSTRALIA AUGUST 30 TO SEPTEMBER 4 ¢ 1989 Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 "3rd Asia Pacific Orchid Ganicrene _ Adelaide, South Australia "August 30th - September 4th, 1989 _ REGISTRATION FORM ao Resistant eg i Arrival os es gt i ee _ Departure date a lECBICr ee yes/no " duoge.. _yesino Js) home. poset required on Sunday ard September ane TIS Lami interested in the orchid {nursery tours to see the following C Gener oo Saeeommoasion.| New: of hotel (ecutede : 1 Accommodation, deport oie 00 Be person. = i, MINI CYMBIDIUMS from Queensland’s Gold Coast Specialists in miniature and intermediate cymbidiums including temperature tolerant varieties For list including our exclusive crosses please send stamp to: Arundel Estate Orchids 5 Uplands Drive, Arundel, Gold Coast, Qld, 4214 Nursery open by appointment. Please phone (075) 94 6349 before calling DUE TO UNPRECEDENTED DEMAND Cymbidium pumilum var. album x C. canaliculatum var. sparkesii, as pictured in the Summer 1988 AOR, is available again for those unfortunate orchid growers who missed out. BANKCARD, MASTERCARD, VISA, WELCOME ©. _ PHONE ORDERS (02) 520 4830 po -4 Sydney Orchids 38 ENGADINE AVE, ENGADINE cattloua clhcciee QUALITY CATTLEYAS, FROM FLASK TO FLOWERING 4 EPACRIS AVENUE, CARINGBAH, 2229, NSW Telephone: 02 524 8574 Please phone before visiting Tandara Orchids Quality Cattleyas Strong plants from small to flowering sizes Send 39¢ stamp for ¢ comprehensive listing. P.S. Our new plant catalogue is out NOW! PPS. There is still a few seedling flasks available, as advertised in Feb 1989 AOR..... NB. Minimum 25 plants per flasks. AT LAST || Ba LYCASTE ‘‘Macama’’ Hybrids won 5 Unbreakable vented polycarbonate ang —~! 6D. . : ear iainerstionorchicleiaetinntona PA he om ¢ Championships also one A.M./N.S.W. Tissue Culture. é‘ d a / at Sydney Spring Shows 1988 They are time and money saving and A 7/) Seedlings in 100mm (4”) pots leaf length 6’-9". Tandara Orchid Nursery PO Box 235, Tolga, 4882 made in two sizes 250ml & 500ml. \ i # Wyuna Pale Beauty gained championship A ata misc. section R.A.S. Available from: ASSO “A Mericlones available. Aci Macama Orchids F. and D. Alcorn P. & O.P. MAY MAGCAMARADIANGE 169 Pennant Hills Rd, 6 Graham Street, WINDSOR 4030 oll COME, Carlingford 2118 N.S.W. Australia. Brisbane. Phone (07) 857 5844 Phone (02) 630 1904 WARRNAMBOOL ORCHIDS ODONTOGLOSSUMS Seedlings to Flowering Size HUMPYBONG ORCHID NURSERY 38 Collins Street, Woody Point Queensland 4019 Phone (07) 284 3283 PHALAENOPSIS — CATTLEYA — DENDROBIUM & OTHERS HOBBY FLASKS, COMMERCIAL FLASKS & PLANTS. Our stock is mainly produced from imported mother flasks. Please send a 39c stamp for lists. Warrnambool Orchids are pleased to announce that they are the Australian Agents for MANSELL & HATCHER LTD OF ENGLAND and as such will be offering a range of quality Odont. hybrids and species. Mansell & Hatcher are recognised as being one of the world leaders in Odont. hybridizing, and offer you the results achieved from over 100 years experience in growing this wonderful genera. Also available — Top Australian bred Odonts. and Masdevallia Specie divisions. 1989 Catalogue available on request: Please include 39¢ stamp. Warrnambool Orchids (Prop. Philip Altmann) 32 Riverview Terrace, WARRNAMBOOL 3280 Phone (055) 62 3753 Monday, Tuesday; Thursday, Friday & Saturday — 9 am to 5 pm. Sunday 10 am to 3 pm Closed All Day Wednesday Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 45 MACKINNEY’S — NGRSERY BRISBANE'S PREMIER ORCHID NURSERY SPECIAL — NEW RELEASE of LATEST BREEDING from U.S.A. Cattleya Seedlings — price $5.00 in 2” pot N1129 Sic. CALIFORNIA RUBY (SIlc. CALIFORNIA APRICOT ‘Orange Circle’ HCC/AOS xX Slc. RAJAHS RUBY ‘Babes Baby’ AM/AOS) Similar to Hazel Boyd; super reds and oranges. N1131 Slc. PRECIOUS STONES ‘True Beauty’ AM/AOS x Slc. CALIFORNIA APRICOT ‘Orange Circle’ HCC/AOS Another miniature Cattleya similar to Hazel Boyd. N1185 Blc. RICHARD NIXON ‘President’ HCC/AOS X Bic. AMBER SAILS ‘Orange’ Larger butter yellows to oranges with full red lips. N1186 Blc. GOLDENZELLE ‘Cecil’ X Blc. PRESIDENT’S FORTUNE ‘Gold’ Expect awardable yellows with full, lacy red lips. N1187 Blc. TOSHIE AOKI ‘Robin’ HCC/AOS X Lc. PETTICOATS ‘Masquerade’ Reds and yellows with splashes and flares. N1188 C. CHERRY CHIP (Cc. ANGELWALKER ‘Tiffany’ X C. intermedia acquinii ‘Fantastic’) Fantastic splashed petal! New release of Cattleya Mericlones — price $8.00 in Size B M80 ___s BIc. LOIS McNEIL ‘Dennis’. (Limited Quantity) Blue cluster — excellent shape. M115 Le. SCARLET IMP ‘Amy’. (Limited Quantity) Salmon-pink cluster — vigorous grower. 7 mackinneys’ 87 TURTON STREET, SUNNYBANK, QLD 4109 CLOSED SUNDAYS. PHONE: 345 1916 Cym. ARUNTA ‘JEDDA’ - Eyecatching shapely spring brown intermediate Cym. ATLANTIC CROSSING ‘FEATHERHILL - AM/RHS B/CSA - Luminous yellow orange spring show standard Cym. BUNNYGIRL ‘BLONDE BOMBSHELL - Perfectly round white spring intermediate Cym. CORAKI ‘MARGARET? (4N) - Intense yellow spring show standard Cym. ELSIE MITCHELL ‘FAREWELL B/CSA - Tall shapely red/brown spring intermediate Cym. GEORGIE GIRL ‘VALENTINES DAY’ HCC/AOS - Tall true orange intermediate for spring Cym. LUNATA ‘SUNTAN’ - Bronze/copper well shaped late winter standard Cym. PANATALINGA ‘MIDNIGHT? - Dark red velvet lipped late hanging basket mini Cym. ROLF BOLIN ‘SUPER RED’ - Outstanding new spring showbench red standard Cym. WINTERFIRE ‘ABBEVILLE’ AD/AOC - Superb rich red winter intermediate. My favourite WINTERFIRE! SEND $12.50 ca. for these LIMITED NEW RELEASES Please include $9 for air freight. Orders over $100 FREIGHT FREE! Bank/ Mastercard welcome. Quote name, number and expiry date. Our stock is also available at Peter Chiles Orchids 5 Peacock Ave, Gawler,SA. EASY ORCHIDS Phone Glenn Heylen 5 Richman Ave, Prospect SA 5082 (08) 344 4255 Advertisers Index Volume 54 No. 2 April 1989 AMP Cloning Laboratories ............:sseeeseee 4 Aranbeem Orchids. .............. 41 Arundel Estate Orchids ............:ccceccsseseeseseeees 45 Asia Pacific Orchid Conference...............:006 43 Border Hills Orchids ................4. 41 BryantWAlvin Sarrcecrettesttereren treet ares re 3 Burleigh Park Orchid NurSery..........:csceeesesees 7 Cape Oasis «0.0.0... 36 Campbell, Colin..... _ ...40 Cattleya Classics 45 Charm Orchid Nursery .... medi Coleman’s Orchids....... mail Collectors Corner......... +23 Cymbidium City Orchids............ccccccseseeseeeeees 27 DatalProcessing Memertesntrttnrt terre 15 D’bush Orchid NUrSery.......cecsceesessseesesessseseees 11 DingleyjRern|Marketimrrtescstiesrtr rere 15 Dotible:4iOrchidsmrensninisettit rene: 4 EastiCoastlOrchidSpemenrissrreraetestt mere 37 Easy Orchids............. 46 Evelin Orchids.... ..40 Fame Orchidstersrsieiteenrsiet 36 Flora Propagation Laboratories.. 36 Floralest Orchids................:000+: 10 Glen Wood Orchids Pty Ltd..........c:ccceeeeseeeeees 7 Graylane Orchids P/L........... ml Growing Point NSY ...... ...40 Henry alombpesnessrersccrrtcn:: 1.32 Humpybang Orchid Nursery... 45 Kudla Orchid Nursery.............. 27 Lakeside Orchids ......... ..40 Lonne’s Nursery........ e¥/ Macausa Orchids......... = 45 MackKinney’s Nursery .............. ..46 Mandurang Orchid Nursery..... -.40 May;P28)\0!P Gee ee) Se ee ee 45 Mayerslou aren nenat er renee sees 36 McQuerry Orchid BOOkS......c.csscsssesseesesesesesees 39 Meredith sy orktunetrrssstencisrttsenntrt sti 2 MerrelleniOrchidstrmntatentterttntrnrren 37 Mooroolbark Orchids..........:i:ccsecccssssseseseseesees 40 Mouatt’ G! P23] Eatumersenrrrrtnsrrertesrsnr rest 36 Mt. Pleasant Orchid Nursery ............::0:0cc0000+ 31 Myall Orchids Sesser re 36 OrchidiEnterpriseSmntaesetntterr tn ere 37 Orchid)Valleyfmrsrsrssetrrtis titer trees renee 33 Orchidaceanstrenneie ttt ene 39 Orchidglen|Nurseryprsress terete ts 15 Orchids from Karen McFarlane ..........:0.c0000 37 Parade. Orchids mesrsnrecretrrsrtrrsteee 31 PJA Orchids Laboratory ..........0.:ccscscseseseseeees 33 Rricen BIG Gl Seereerrersserrre prereset eer 26 BricelRitenmrrssrerrrerssictterte ttre 33 RobertsonnG!ANsiBiM mesvmestrrtirir ree 29 Royall Orchids tarrrnvatente rts 30 Saltwater Creek NUISETY ........cssecsesesseseseseeeees 29 SchaefersiOrchids wera ennin trent en 8 Seidel Alvin srntrn eset re ee ce 29 slattery4 Franktrressstteeeiiini errr scree 32 suniMoonlOrchidsimnrcnissiert an tae 6 Sunshine Orchid Nursery .........c-ccscccsesesesesees 42 sydney Orchids termrstiente titi 45 Taidos Horticultural Co. Ltd... 42 Tamborine Mountain Orchids............:.:00c00 32 itandaralOrchidSpennntimnnrttnt ttn 45 Toowoomba Orchid Spectacular...........:000+ 31 Twin Oaks Books INC.........sseescsessssesesseseseeeeses 39 WalleyiOrchidstemrerrcssrreretrstrereett cnr etrer 48 Warrnambool Orchids .........:.seccsecseseseseeseseeees 45 Wondabah Orchids P/L........ccccsccsseesesssessseeeees 47 Wyong Orchid NUISETY........ccccceesesesssesesesesees 8 Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 HONORARY EDITOR: David R. Wallace EDITORIAL COMMITTEE: A. Alvis, D. Banks, G. Hansen, A. Merriman, D.R. Wallace. ADDRESS EDITORIAL TO: The Editor, Australian Orchid Review, 14 McGill Street, Lewisham NSW 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166. EDITORIAL ASSOCIATES: QUEENSLAND: Mr Frank Oelkers, 419 Robinson Road, Beebung 4034. NORTH QUEENSLAND: Mr Ray Robinson, P.O. Box 129, Townsville 4810. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: MrS. A. Monkhouse, P.O. Box 1 O’Halloran Hill 5155. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mr Rob Manning, 16 Cromer Road, Brentwood, Perth, 6153. TASMANIA: Mr Nicholas, 7 Kelvin Avenue, Moonah 7009. INTERNATIONAL: Mr G. H. Slade, Box 797 Vila. Vanuatu The Official Publication of the Orchid Society of New South Wales, Queensland Orchid Society, Victorian Orchid Club, Orchid Club of South Australia, Orchid Society of Western Australia, Tasmanian Orchid Society. Subscriptions: All overseas orders must be paid for in US dollars. In Australia: one year $A29.50, two years $A55.00 NZ air mail: one year $NZ49.00 or $A41.00, two years $NZ94.00 or $A79.00. Other Countries air mail: One year US$44.00, two years US$84.00. Surface mail anywhere overseas: one year YS$34.00, two years US$62.00. TO JOIN AN ORCHID SOCIETY contact these secretaries: NSW: Miss B. Oldfield, 61 Mountford Avenue, Guildford 2161. Phone: (02) 6325712. QUEENSLAND: Mrs Noela Parsons, G.P.O. Box 2002 Brisbane 4001. Phone: (07) 273 1127. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. Phone: (03) 580 4917. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Mr Glen Heylen, Box 730 G.P.O. Adelaide 5001. Phone: (08) 44 4255. WEST AUSTRALIA: Mrs L. Manning, P.O. Box 1122, Booragoon, 6153. Phone: (09) 364 7968. TASMANIA: Mr J. F. Smith, 11 Warren Court, Howrah 7018. Phone: (002) 44 1555. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Honorary Secretary, P.O. Box 38493, Winnellie 5789. Phone: (089) 32 1977. Published, and printed by GRAPHIC WORLD PTY LTD. 14 Mc Gill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166 Fax: (02) 560 6677 While the Proprietors of the Australian Orchid Review endeavour to assure the reliability of advertising and editorial, neither the Proprietors of the “Australian Orchid Review” nor the Editor and the“affiliated Orchid Societies can assume responsibility for the advice or transaction between advertisers and readers. Australian Orchid Review, April 1989 ADVERTISERS DEADLINE FOR ADVERTISING COPY FOR JUNE ISSUE IS APRIL 10, 1989. Buy, sell or swap. Five lines eomenmalely thirty words) for only Each additional line (approximately six words) $3. FULL SCIENTIFIC SERVICE. —Consult- ing & contracting: mericloning, embryoculture, greenpood, breeding plans, pollen storage, media composition, lab setup & design. Details from Genetic Sciences Box 1326 Toowong [ 4066. Phone (07) 277 8281 all hours. ORCHID STUDY COURSE by core- spondence. 140 other courses including propa- gation, greenhouse management, tissue cul- ture, wholesale nursery. Details from A.H.C.S. 264 Swansea Rd, Lilydale. Ph (03) 736 1882. SPECIE PAPHIO ADDICTS now being catered for by NOVO ORCHIDS with plants at affordable prices from Thailand China and Phillipines send stamp for listing PO. Box 154, Adamstown 2289. Buy, sell or swap. Five lines epnvoximately thirty words) for only Each additional line (approximately six words) $3. WONDABAH ORCHIDS PL S.L. Orpetti THIS BEAUTIFULLY COLOURED ORCHID IS AN EASY ORCHID TO GROW AND FLOWER. WE HAVE S.L. ORPETTI AVAILABLE AS SEEDLINGS. WHEN FULLY MATURE PLANT WILL CARRY UPWARDS OF 30 FLOWERS. WE HAVE OTHER SOPHRO-LAELIA CROSSES AVAILABLE IN COLOURS FROM YEL- LOW ORANGE TO DEEPEST RED, SHADEHOUSE OR GLASSHOUSE GROWER IN 70 M.L. PLASTIC POTS PRICED AT $7.50 EACH. OUR NEW AUTUMN/WINTER CATALOGUE AVAILABLE MID APRIL. NEW CROSSES RELEASED FROM 1ST MAY. Nursery Hrs. Nov. /April Mon-Friday 9-5 (Phone for weekend arrangements) May only Mon-Sat 9-5 pm 9-5 June till Oct. 31 7 Days A Week 47 Valley Orchids world leaders in sel lt Orchids — : Part of Valley Orchids new 60, 000 5 ft shadehouse . ie release plants. _ $30.00 each - freight free x ‘See catalogue for pictures and decenionS. “use. Sizes from in flask t0 flo Take 10 plants for 10% discount, ay oe 2 to 4 “COAL FIRE FLASH POINT’ GN) oe RED 5 DREAM VALLEY ‘GEMINI (4N) PINK/SPLASt 6 DREAM VALLEY ‘HEATHER’ (4N) oe oe ‘DREAM VALLEY ‘LUNA MODULE’ (4N) -- YELLOW/SPLASH DREAM VALLEY ‘SUN GODDESS' (4N)_ - _EAGLEWOOD ‘APPLE GREEN’ (4N) EARLY PALACE ‘CORONET PEAK(AN) LEILA MAY ‘AVANTE’ < LEILA MAY ‘LIP GLOSS’ LUNATA ‘AURORA’ (4N) _ LUNATA ‘CHOC MINT’ (4N) — _ MAVIS. WILLIAMS ‘DURBAN’ MINI LADY ‘PINK WAND) MINI MARY ‘LITTLE LAMB’ oo oie “YELLOW MIND MINT ‘EMIKOD be Yellow: PURE BISQUE ‘ICE GREEN’ ay. ie: ’ PURE DESTINY ‘ULTIMATE’ (4N) PURE JUNGLE ‘TETRA GREEN’ (4N) PURE LAMB ‘AUSSIE’ (4N) | ROTORUA ‘ROSE’ (4N) 9 RUBY EYES ‘85’ ; SARAH JEAN ‘ICE “CASCAD “ApIcsA ve 78 SARAH JEAN ‘PEACH 30 SARAH JEAN ‘PINK’ SARAH JEAN ‘VAPOUR’ — a 7 VALLEY CRUCIBLE ‘MOLTEN GLOW’ (aN) : REDISROWN. VALLEY FURNACE ‘CHOCOLATE’ (4N) = BROWN _ 4 VALLEY FURNACE ‘PITCH BLEND’ (4N) VALLEY FURNACE ‘PURPLE’ (4N)_ 91 VALLEY GLORY ‘MAUREEN’ (4N) 0. VALLEY GLORY ‘PINK HALO’ (4N) sé VALLEY SOVEREIGN ‘FINE GOLD’ (4N) VALLEY ZENITH ‘DISCUS’ (4N) Ae 5 VALLEY ZENITH TOP SPOT’ (4N) 1 VIA LUNAGRAD ‘REYNELLA’ (4N) 4 VIVACIOUS ‘MAGNIFICENT’ (4N) _ VIVACIOUS.. ‘SUPERB WHITE" (4N) VOLCANIC FLASH ‘THUNDERBALL’ ~ZUNMA SPRING ‘GREEN BLUSH’ (4N) — Mail Order Specialists = “3G h=.95 RRP. gistered by Australia Post blication No. NBH 0770 NATION we HEK BAR {UM oh op A | Ef L | | 14 JUL 1989. | / a LEONE: VOLUME 54 - NO.3 JUNE 1989 errr ree i ns Te id By OBA UUs Dace sab w aecess nih ectyin mosh sousehiae Send for YORK MEREDITH’S new expanded Species Price List: Species are where the excitement is in the orchid game and nobody has species to compete with York’s. As orchid species grow rarer and harder to : import, the world is waking up to their special magic. If the prices seem high today, tomorrow these jewels will be priceless! In most cases you'll find the species listed below ONLY at York’s nursery and some of those are down to the — last ten or even the last two or three. Masdevallia mejiana Masdevallia mejiana grows in Colombia at around 800 metres — a little warmer than most masdevallias. White and yellow with long yellow or orange tails. $125. Masdevallia _triangularis is from Colombia and Venezuela at 1400 to 2300 metres. Sepals yellow-green heavily over- oe with seein and with purple tails. 60 M. tovarensis is from Venezuela. Spec- tacularly beautiful in snow white with green tails. One to four flowers up to 18cms. $60. M. coccinea is from Colombia at about 2500 metres. One of Roezl’s discoveries. Flowers large and showy. Scarlet to ma- genta. $35. M. mendozae and M. lemax are both orange, both rare, each $100. N. thenii, so rare it’s a mystery even to York Meredith. $100. ~ ~ Odont. cirrhosum Odont. cirrhosum has big milk-white- with-purple petals and sepals aun a gold _ lip. Special at $35. Odontoglossum constrictum from Venezuela. Perfumed flowers 3.5 to 5 cms across. Green-yellow heavily splashed red-brown; lip white with rose. $35. Odont. coronarium from Colombia. Super-shaped flowers, yellow with copper/chestnut, about 2'". Very few. $100 Odont. harryanum is from Colombia. Huge flowers pale to chestnut brown and a white lip. Four plants only. $150. Oneidium papilio from Venezuela. Spec- tacularly shaped yellow to chestnut flowers like butterflies! Flowers to 10 cms high on stems to | metre. $45. Oncid. bicolor from Venezuela. So rare it’s almost non-existant. Three only. $45. Oncid. trigrinum from Mexico. Grows on oak trees at 2500 metres. Brilliant yellow, brown splashing. Good plants. $30. Oncid. phalaenopsis from Colombia. Milky-white barred dark eT lip flushed rose. $35. _ Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 Rarities, Restrepia elegans from Venezuela is well- named. Unusual narrow flower with el- egant pale tan-brown lip spotted with Sea column pale green. Keep humid. Miltoniopsis phalaenopsis grows _ in Colombia at 1200 to 1500 metres. White with rose-purple ‘‘pansy’’ flowers. 5 to 6 cms. across. $50. Rodriguezia secunda from Venezuela; pretty arches of pink to rose red. Very few. 45 Fine Cattleya spectres Cattleya species from Venezuela. The big, handsome C. labiata types are becoming rarer every day. York has: C. mossiae, lilac sepals and petals with orange-yellow and purple on the lip. C. gaskelliana, can be white to pale amethyst-purple and colourful lip. C. lueddemanniana; great _ but don’t expect one as super-duper as the picture above. Good plants, each $45. Anguloa _ruckeri from Venezuela. Gorgeous big tulip-like flowers in red- brown. Rare. $45. _ Phragmipedium longifolium, a succession of “‘slipper’? flowers on tall stems. Yellow- green, purple-dotted, long twisty petals. $45. Cycnoches loddigesii from Colombia. Fantastic shape! Greenish with purple i and white or pink lip. Flowers to "$40. ae violacea. Handsome plant. Waxen 3” flowers in violet purple with white. Perfumed. $45. — Dracula diabola. See picture in last issue of A.O.R. Purple to pink to near black. Long-tailed, hairy evil beauty. $60. THAT’S ONLY A SAMPLE! GET YORK’S COMPLETE LIST ~ WITH MANY NEW SPECIES hard-to-finds and few-of-a- kinds as well as the old faithfuls. They’re all getting rarer. Grow them, show them, ‘self’? them and do the world and yourself some good. YES BANKCARD WELCOME! Please include full postal address, personal signature and expiry date of card. Add $15 for Bangs and freight for any size order. YORK MEREDITH ORCHIDS, Little Willandra Road, Cromer, NSW 2099. Ph. (02) 971 6321 Se VX Oe ee ee JUNE 1989 Native Epiphytes in Southern Victoria... Phalaenopsis species of the Philippine: - Odontoglossum Bictoniense. : : The PH. Factor ... a | : From an Orchid Lover s s Bookshelt. A New Hobb Orchid Society Lapel Ping. What's in aName.. Ce Phuket and Phang- Nga Bay Tour Toowoomba Orchid Spectacular and Conference ’89.......... “sate Simple Methods for Controlling Orchi id Pe Sarcochilus Ceciliae : Advertisers: . cee fer advertising copy for August issue Is ARTICLES FOR PUBLICATION CONSIDERATION SHOUD ie SENT 10: : : “AOR Editor : David Wallace — 0 Great Western Hiway Blaxland, NSW 2774 All other conespondence to: ; AOR Publisher Graphic World : i. 14 Nisei sia Lewisham, NSW 2049 CYMBIDIUM CLUB OF AUSTRALIA ANNUAL S| SEED- : : LING COMPETITION. April i issue 1989, Page 28 Cap- a tion for photograph:- Little eae Horn x Rod Stewart ADVERTISERS INDEX “April issue 1989. Page 46 ~ Charm Orchid Nursery........ Coleman's Orchids...... Cymbidium City Orchids... dt : Digital Audio Processing. eae Peete taper sens deen eaeerersenereerene d A\ustralian Orchid Review A ONE YEAR SUBSCRIPTION COVERS 6 ISSUES AND A TWO YEAR SUBSCRIPTION COVERS 12 ISSUES. Please tick 1) Renewal O New Sent to Graphic World Pty. Ltd., 14 McGill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia ONE YEAR (6 ISSUES) | TWO YEARS (12 ISSUES) Australia 0 $A29.50 0 $A55.00 New Zealand (Sea Mail) O$NZ41.00 or $A34.00 O$NZ75.00 or $A64.00 Overseas (Sea Mail) 0 US$34.00 0 US$62.00 New Zealand (Air Mail) O $NZ49.00 or $A41.00 [$NZ94.00 or $A79.00 Overseas (Air Mail) 0 US$44.00 0 US$80.00 Enclosed is my cheque for .............. (Payable to Graphic World Pty Ltd) MITA TAN S\voruocapinestnnoosobsissstonbeoeeeetd Signaturelepereeeeeeeerr nee (Nels eES as tna ghneidedds bo nounbouvare seach bbonnnsadbbpanh boutndindenae ota e OF VICTORIA 1 4 JUL 1989 LIBRA ARY. OUNTS @ CYMBIDIUMS @ PHALAENOPSIS @® ONCIDIUMS (WINTER WONDER x TONGARIRO) ‘Arlene’ This fine yellow (8247 cross) first flowered in July 1988. It is in spike again this year with the forward bulb carrying two racemes. If you would like the excitement of flowering fine new seedlings then our development programme is for you. Write now if you are not already on our free mailing list. ALVIN BRYANT Nursery, 22 Cook Street, Kurnell, NSW, Australia 2231 (near Sydney International Airport) Telephone: (02) 668 9374. International (612) 668 9374 Nursery open Friday (all day), Saturday morning. INTERSTATE AND OVERSEAS VISITORS WELCOME ANYTIME. Exclusive to Fame Orchids INGISSS} DESTG IN IS] oa BSW CS - VIGOROUS, NEAT GROWERS INNIDY.N aK @N YN 3) 2X @) 2 CARRYING UPWARDS OF 8 SPARKLING BLOOMS. THE BREEDING: - | pe | LC. FIRES OF SPRING _ 2 _ oe s DYo} xo} s o\\ap ak OM @] mb | AAV ANA GUARANTEED VIRUS at : | Ken 6 ° ee) FREE ON ARRIVAL. AUSSIE SUNSET Cosmic Fire Free delivery within mainland Australia. IT’S A BREEDER - Proof is the many | ag fine Aussie Sunset Cosmic ~ : : Fire Hybrids we are offering. se i, a % roe : » =.) 4 : : Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 _ f Sunse PAU OK ey sla lionlives im first release “Cosmic | Fire” mericlones. _ This is a unique, opportunity to obtain a MERICLONE WHEN IT IS _ FIRST RELEASED. A limited number of 200 ONLY are available and _ they are direct from the Mother plant, this is‘not a clone of a clone but an original. 2 EACH PURCHASER WILL RECEIVE A NUMBERED CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICITY. PRICED AT $125 PER * FLOWERING SIZE MERICLONE. *If they do not flower on existing lead they should flower on the next growth. Aussie Sunset Hybrids | 95" 2” Pots $5- 3” Pots$8. Nursery: 119 Boundary Rd., Thornlands, Qld. 4164. <4 s10) sm COM PAU ox Bots to) Nursery Open 7 Days Send Stamp for Fames latest Catalogue & Cattleya Division List _ THEHOME OF AUSSIESUNSET 5 ctheg genus sipraisenocselt is tep- resented in the Philippines by ap-— a _ proximately 20 species and 18 © = _ varieties, of which 14° species and 17 varieties are endemic, or only uf occuring i in the Philippines. - For the most part Phalaenopsis ; are a low altitude genus, though - they do occur up to 1 500 ES above sea level. _ Of the nine ‘sections, five are 2 to Jo. The sections are:- _ )Phalaenopsis whose ‘members clude P. amabilis (L) Blume, P. it me B x vercniaral hb, ih 2)Stauroglottis which has ~ a ees, P. equestris (Schauer) f. and P. lindenii Loher. — scatae which has the doubtful pecies P. fuscata. This species is the” exceedingly rare IP olitzii Rolfe. = ueddemannianae members. of ees BPE Sweet, ae snus ea ‘aah. f.) Sweet, P. orem Both t aphrodite Rehb. f., P. sanderiana- Rchb, f., P ‘schilleriana Rehb. f, nay not occur in the Philippines. - ) Amboinensis whose only mem- Given : IFA _pulchra Wietelel tarde taal). f and its Phalaenopsis schilleriana ; Parictest delicata Rehb. f. and ochracea Rchb. f. Zebrinae Sub-section Hirsutae is rep- _ resented by P. pallens (Lindl) _Rehb. f. and P. mariae Burbidge ex Warner and Williams. _ Phalaenopsis aphroditie is wide- spread over the whole of the Philippine archipelago whereas P. ~amabilis is only found on the south-west found in the Philippine. archipel- ae ) island of Palawan. These are both lowland _ species, up to about 300 metres. ese species have large white flowers and beautiful green leaves which can attain lengths of 30 cm. by 7.5 cm. wide. In nature . they grow in very well lit situations, - sometimes in full sun, but always: ja with 80-90% humidity. They fre- _ quently grow over creeks and near — to waterfalls. Very easy to grow if the humidity, elfen) with air move- ment is kept up. Sy _ Phalaenopsis ‘sanderiana only occurs on the island of Mindanao, _ which is the second largest island in the Philippines. It is also a lowland species. The flowers range in colour from pinkish-white to rose 2 (a rple and are delicate in texture. There is also an albino form. Flowers can be up to 8cm. across. — One ‘of the most beautiful _ species to occur in the Philippines __ is the pink flowered Phalaenopsis _ schilleriana. What species grower could ever forget that magnificent Specene that was the Grace “Ausraan Orchid Review, June 1989 ‘ sof the Philippines - needs to be sent to the mountains flower spikes produce baby plants — -and not flowers. P. schilleriana is Jim Cootes Champion at the Roselands Show a few years ago, with its 3 foot tall branched spike covered in 6 cm. pink flowers. A truly wonderful sight. This too is a lowland species being fairly widespread over the central Philippines. An interesting — point about this species is that it will not flower for a second time in Manila. To induce its flowering it for three months so that the cooler weather can initiate the flowering ; hormones. If left in Manila the an attractive plant even when not in bloom with its beautiful dark green foliage marbled with silvery grey on | _ the upper surface. One of the best _ species from the Philippines. Phalaenopsis stuartiana has foli- _ age similar to the previous species — but the flowers are white with ma-_ roon, green and brown spots on the lip and the i inner half of the sepals. Another | very - desirable Phalaenopsis. Phalaenopsis philippinense has only been recently described, — 1986, and was originally thought to- be P x leucorrhoda though on ~ further investigation it was found neither of the two parents of P. x leucorrhoda, which are P.- schilleriana and P. aphrodite, grow in the area where P. philippinense comes from which is the mid north — east of the largest island of Luzon. This species occurs at about 1,000 ‘metres altitude. Its flowers are usually pale pink through to white. The foliage is similar to the two previously men- ; tioned species. Phalaenopsis equestris_ is a small flowered member of the ge- nus, which is very widespread throughout the Philippines. It also” comes from Taiwan and its sur- rounding islands. The flowers are normally pink though there is a — great deal of variation in the colour — of the labellum, with several varieties being recognised. There is also an albino form. | i, Phalaenopsis lindenii is closely — related to the previous species and in its natural habitat grows in very dense Sees and at high Ellul in the mountains of Luzon. This species has foliage similar to P. Shilleriana and its allies. The blooms are white with 5 - 7 purple lines on all the segments. There is _an albino form in which the stripes are yellowish green, this is very arose Phalaenopsis lueddemanniana and its many varieties are found all over the Philippine archipelago. They differ in the size of the flowers -and the intensity of colour. The plants with the largest flowers come from the province of Surigao on the island of Mindanao, though — the best colours come from Luzon. The flowers are about 5cm. in diameter and have a base colour of white with magenta to amethyst- purple or reddish brown horizontal — bars. The lip is carmine and yellow at the base. The leaves are light green and succulent. Another low- land member of the genus. Phalaenopsis pulchra is ‘similar but the flowers are solid purple and - _ the tips of the sepals are white. In the wild this orchid grows in almost full sunlight but always very close _to streams and creeks. A brightly coloured species and easy to grow. __ Phalaenopsis heiroglyphica isa pure delight with its 5 cm. flowers _which are cream based and— marked with maroon or brown -‘heiroglyphics’. This is a lowland species and only comes from two the south of ‘the — islands in Philippine archipelago. ' _ Phalaenopsis Another lowland species. =» Phalaenopsis bartonii is a eee edie! discovery, and is quite distinct from its other relatives named above. The base colour of this orchidisa milky white and has brown bars around the periphery. In the wild this species grows in dense shade _ at low altitudes, and in cultivation likes a fair amount of water. It has Palawan. Phalaenopsis deltonii is also < a recent find. shade. Often mistaken for P. mariae. P. deltonii has a green background and almost ‘sprayed © 2 with | chocolate brown Pee pallens — has - ee 3.5m. light lemon yellow flowers = ~ which are transversed — with thin _ reddish-brown or — coloured lines. This is a fairly wide- spread orchid which is commonly — iy confused with P. fasciataa P ochracea and P. reichenbachiana. Wis cinnamon The labellum is amethyst to pur- plish blue. Phalaenopsis mariae Iss another ; intermediate elevation grower — around 600 metres — also in dense shade. The fleshy flowers attain a diameter of 3 cm. and are white to cream coloured with maroon to chestnut brown blotches and wide bars. This species comes from the and also occurs in NEISIATIED, CULTIVATION. south of the Philippine archipelago é DHSeenODeTS. are ean easy genus on to grow providing a few simple rules are followed. The most im- _ portant thing is AIR MOVEMENT, it must be constant as it minimises fungal problems. Probably the next — most important factor in growing species Phalaenopsis successfully is HUMIDITY, the higher the hu- midity the better they love it. They “also seem to prefer to get some © ~ morning sunlight. Winter tempera-— ture is also important — a minimum | of 15°C — and not too wet, 20°C i ~ much better because the plants aS i not stop growing. Shade should be _ about 80% for the summer and — 50% for the winter. When watering underneath | ider mites the plants, always the leaves, keeps” _at bay. The best time the morning so that t plenty of tim | nighttall It iB : Phalaenopsis Ineddemanniana ace | = Rae a S3 _ only been found on the island of ‘It is an intermediate te elevation — 500 metres — species — and this one also grows in dense - Australian Orc d Review, June 1989 water cannot gather in the crown of Fertilse often but — ~ WEAKLY. Half of what the manufac- ‘turer recommends is ideal. the _ plant. NO water be left in the centre of the leaves of the plant. One method to alleviate this problem is to grow the plants at a 45° angle, so that the Use both organic and inorganic ferti- lisers and vary the brands you use, so that the plants get a variation in trace elements. No one brand of fertiliser is completes with) WEED GE ements. REFERENCES ; | Orchidiana_ Philippiniana Dr. H. aI Valmayor (1984) | pages: 268-278 on inc. Third AS.EAN., Orchid Congress ria ‘(Dye tab Valmayor (1980) pages 65-69 inc. | ‘Modern Orchid Growing Council: lorE. Javier (1986) Pets) 125-129 (iInCa 7 The Genus Phalaenog sis Herman ‘eB Sweet Ph. D. Ia) * Phal, pallens (Philippines) |. Odm. Bictoniense Our subject for the second species behind the hybrid article is the well known Odontoglossum bictoniense. This species comes from fairly high elevation, 6-7000 ft, in Mexico, Guatamala and El Salvador. Interestingly it was the first species of the genus intro- duced to cultivation. Unusual for an Odontoglossum it is often terrestial in growth habit, this is obvious from the heavy, fleshy root system these orchids have. You will also find it growing on rocks, trees and cliffs. When originally discovered it was never very common and later when the area it came from was devastated by earthquake, collec- tors thought it to be extinct. How- ever years later it was rediscovered in Mexico and has become well distributed in cultivation. Unfortu- nately it is now somewhat rare in its natural habitat. Odontoglossum bictoniense is a very variable species with several varieties existing in cultivation, most now seed raised in nurseries. One of the most lovely is var. Alba AM/RHS which has brown petals and a pure white lip. Var. San Bar Alba Purity is an- other glorious form having green petals and a white lip. Similar but yellow with a white lip is var. Sulphureum. Then of course you have the normal coloured forms, as shown in the photograph, which can also be variable. Whether because of its rarity or because hybridizers didn’t see the 8 value in the species, it was barely used in breeding until the early sixties. Only the primary hybrid Stamfordiense (x Odm. Uro- skinner) was registered in 1909. It was 1963 when | began my journey into orchid growing at David Sanders Orchids in the U-K, which by chance is the year the next Odm. bictoniense hybrid was registered. David Sander named the cross Odm. Dainty (x Odm. Lucilla). | remember that plant in flower and just how apt that name was. Odm. bictoniense has proved to be somewhat promiscuous particu- larly as a pod parent and has bred freely with other genera. During the sixties hyrids were registered, made with Odontioda, Oncidium, Brassia, Miltonia, Comparettia and ieee I. Odm. Burghardt Holm . a few besides. Some of these remained fertile in the next gener- ation and have bred on but a fertility barrier in the second gener- ation is quite common. Obviously in this brief overview we can’t cover the 70 or so personally. Odm. Bictoniense seems par- ticularly compatible with genus Oncidium and several notable hy- brids have been registered to date. In fact over 20 different Oncidium species have already been com- bined with Odm. bictoniense so a great pool of primary hybrids is at the disposal of the hybridist, offer- ing tremendous scope in colour, shape and size. A few worth looking at are Odontocidium Dena Reinikka (x Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 ODONTOGLOSSUM BICTONIENSE Onc. varicosum) yellow with red spots and a large yellow lip, very showy and fertile too. One of its progeny received an AD/AOC in Tasmania. In the U-K Odtcm. Thelma-Ku (x Onc. marshallia- num) was recognised by the R.H.S. with var. “Gaytarn” receiving an AM/RHS last year. In the U.S.A. Everglades Orchids _ received an AM/AOS for their cultivar “Everglades”. Using the pink species Oncidium ornithorhynchum with Odm. bict- oniense produced Odtcm. Elske Stolze. | have flowered many of these as very young plants, all have been pink with dark red lips, somewhat small in the flower as you would expect and not at all scented as hoped. A slightly more advanced line of Odontocidium is represented by Odtcm. Bittersweet (x Odctm. Crowborough “Plush”). The orig- inal cross made in the seventies by the late Dr. M. Orenstein was dip- loid but having discovered a tetra- ploid clone of Odtcm Crowborough Plush, Andy Easton remade it with even better results. The intense rich colours and mass display of flowers will surely find this cross gaining many awards in the future. The illustration shows Milton Carpenters awarded clone var. “Cherry Chip” AM/AOS. In New Zealand last year | was thrilled to see some seedlings of a new cross Otcm. Golden Trident (x continued p. 28 Ill. ODCDM. Bittersweet “Cherry Chip” AM/AOS . >. oe ROYALE ORCHIDS for those who choose the finest 17th-18th June to be held at the Nursery. We have scheduled the fair one month later than previous years so that a greater variety of flowers will be on display. Venders include: * GEYSERLAND ORCHIDS — NEW ZEALAND * TROWEENA ORCHIDS — TASMANIA * MT. BEENAK ORCHIDS — VICTORIA * GRAYLANE ORCHIDS — VICTORIA * ORCHIDS INTERNATIONAL — NEW SOUTH WALES A full range of genera will be on sale, some exclusive to the above nurseries. New release mericlones, seedlings and that elusive odontoglossum alliance will be readily available. For the first time we will be conducting a CSA judging (Cymbidiums and Paphs) by a full panel of CSA judges. Cut flowers are acceptable for standard and intermediate cymbidiums (photo of entire intermediate to accompany cut spike). Miniature Cyms. must be on plant. We welcome all growers in all states to participate Ask your participating nursery for further information. Silent auction plants include: Masd (veitchiana x falcata) “GEYSERLAND’ — Champion any other genera at the 1988 Australian Conference. Alexanderara. HEC HAZELWOOD (unflowered seedling) x champion odont. at the 1988 Australian Conference. Paph. VINTNERS TREASURE ‘WELLINGTON’ - vinicolour. Odcem. BITTERSWEET (unflowered seedling) plus many more. Refreshments available — Societies arranging bus tours please advise. NURSERY (Open Weekends Only):42 Pratley Street, South Woy Woy, NSW 2256. Phone:(02) 709 3651 CORRESPONDENCE TO: 12 Allison Avenue, Condell Park, NSW 2200. Phone: (02) 708 2064 Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 COLLECTORS CORNER GARDEN WORLD The first complex of its kind in the world is now near completion. Collectors Corner is not a general retail nursery. It is a place for the hobbyist and general public to see and admire a range of items not available or displayed anywhere else in Australia. In every nook and cranny you will find something unique or unusual e.g. 50,000,000 year old fish fossils to 60kg Amethyst crystals or tiny Masdevalias orchids to 200 kg cacti. Collectors Corner is constantly growing. As we improve in Knowledge so improves our stock range. We now stock extremely comprehensive ranges of cacti and succu- lents, carnivorous plants, bromeliads and tillandsias, orchids of all shapes, sizes and descriptions, orchid mixes and potting aids, bonsai, bonsai pots and tools, horticultural books, sea shells, fossils, gems Sand minerals. Collectors Corner has now created Orchid World as a one stop orchid center where all your Orchid needs are available under one roof. We have excellent stocks of all forms of orchids from seedlings to mericiones. We have an impressive range of cymbidiums in flower from $19.00 and also a very good range of cattleya’s and al- lied genera in and out of flower at good prices. We also ye have Valley Orchids’ Cymbidium Mericiones tubes at 4 $8.50 each. We have on staff three of Victoria’s best Or-” Yi chid specialists to answer any questions you might have. We are also seeking new suppliers of orchids to improve our range, we P are happy to accept your surplus plants for exchange or purchase. GARDEN WORLD — SPRINGVALE ROAD, KEYSBOROUGH, 3173 id ©) N| mid (036) WAST sMotsy to) 10 Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 ORCHIDGLEN NURSERY CYMBIDIUM FLASKS Wi K=y aCe CoyaY=s-or- Tare fet=X=1e | ale fy Paph. villosum $14.00 . ie ee Paph. concolor $12.00 We are cloning over 250 varieties of miniature, Pern, Casey $16.00 intermediate and standard cymbidiums. Paph. micranthum $27.00 Many are available now priced at $20 per flask of 10. Miltonia bluntii $15.00 We also give bonus flasks (one per five) and free delivery Encyelia ciliolare $12.00 in Australia for five or more flasks. Vanda coerulea N.FS. $18.00 Colchicine-treated mericlones are now available in tens Asctm curvifolium $12.00 for the same price. Seedling flasks, unless limited, are priced at $15 per For Skyroad delivery add $9.00 flask of ten. Price list available S.A.E. Write or phone for our latest descriptive catalogue and Orders over $150 — attract 10% deflasking instructions. discount and free Skyroad delivery ORCHIDGLEN KUDLA ORCHID NURSERY NURSERY nC) oT a PO. Box 213, WYNNUM Q 4178 48 MAIN NORTH ROAD, KUDLA, S.A. 5115. Open Sat & Sun 8am to 4pm PHONE: (08) 254 6351 after 5.30pm South Australian time. : W.A. Agent: Keith Abbott Orchids, Lot 1 Beenyup Rd. Jandakot W.A. 6164. PH (07) 390 7742 for appointments Phone (09) 417 1818. AH. (09) 457 2491 48 RN * @ Mooroolbark Orchids Mainly Masdevallia Cool growing little dazzlers CYMBIDIUM CITy ORCHIDS WE’ VE GOT THE COMMUNITY SPIRIT... Growers who find deflasking a chore will appreciate our community pots of 5 plants ready to plant out into their own 36 m/m (1%") tubes, many species & hybrids are from minimum germination propagations so your enquiries is recommended. Flasks from $25.00. Communities $15.00. Single plants from $6.50. Please send stamp for current & future availability including = Masdevallia, Dracuvallia Sarcochilus & native Dendrobium. 6 Bellara Drive Mooroolbark, Vic 3138 Phone (03) 726 0060 25 School Drive, Banksia Park, S.A. 5091 NURSERY OPEN May to October (incl) 10 am to 5 pm Sat/Sun SPECIALISING IN CYMBIDIUMS FROM ACROSS THE TASMAN Viewing by appointment only arranged to suit NEW ZEALAND GROWERS... ‘The House of Orchids’ Aidan hens . ann . ucKland, ie Write now to be placed on our mailing list. Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 11 Orchid Flasks 35 Hardy's Road, Mudgeeraba Queensland 4213. Phone (075) 30 5193 FOR QUALITY FLASKS CYMBIDIUM MERICLONE FLASKS Most wanted varieties for exhibition and export. Standards — Intermediates — Earlies — Lates 20 plant flasks, all one price $24.00 ea. or, 6 flasks or more $ 20.00 ea. freight free STANDARDS Borough Green ‘Conference’ Kiri Te Kanawha ‘Pauline Rae’ Burgundian ‘Bexley’ Narela Jennifer Gail’ Cherilyn ‘Swansea’ Pymble Hill ‘Oakleigh’ Doreen Darwen ‘Miss Amanda’ Sensation ‘Imperial’ Fugue ‘November Charm’ Sylvan Star ‘Pink Beauty’ Goldenette ‘Wondabah’ Tapestry ‘Zita’ Guadalajara ‘Siesta’ Tongariro ‘Golden’ Highland Mist ‘Barrita’ Sleeping Dream ‘Tetragold’ Highland Mist ‘Caroline’ Winter Wonder ‘Bonanza’ Howard Cobb ‘Mocha’ Winter Wonder ‘Susan Nicholson’ INTERMEDIATE/MINIS Agnes De Garmo ‘Maureen’ Ming ‘Pagoda’ Allison Shaw ‘Christmas Rose’ Pendragon ‘Broadmoor’ Bulbarrow ‘Friar Tuck’ Sarah Jean ‘Cecil Park’ Ivy Fung ‘Cossack’ Winter Fire ‘Abbeville’ Ivy Fung ‘Pioneer Winter Fire ‘Vet’ Kenny ‘Winecolor’ Walu ‘Red Lip’ These varieties available now and through Spring. Many others available, on request for list. — prepared to order. Hobby flasks 8 plants, $15.00 ea. or, 8 flasks delivered $115.00 SEEDLING FLASKS (various genera) 30 plants ea. $30.00 or, 6 flasks delivered $160.00 Sarc. falcatus x hartmannii — (Sarc. Melba) Den. kingianum x falcorostrum — (Bardo Rose) Den. speciosum x falcorostrum — (Andrew Persson) Den. tetragonum x Hastings — (Peach Star) Den. teretifolium x aemulum — new hybrid Oncidium ornithorynchum x barbatum Miltassia Estrelita x Milt. Goodale Moir ‘Golden Wonder’ Milt. ( Purple Queen x Minas Gerais) x Milt. Tropic Dawn ‘Gold Wings’ Milt. bluntii x (Odtna. Glass Creek x Milt. colwesii) Den. (Ng Eng Chow x Mary Trouse) x canaliculatum — green Den. John Kidnay x canaliculatum — yellow Den. Gloucester Sands (remake using dark parents) Den. Pauline x canaliculatum — purples Le. Yung Hua ‘Venus’ x Bic. Toshie Aoki ‘Pokai’ — gold and scarlet Bic. Greenheart ‘Fantasy’ x Blc. Trojan Gold ‘Rose Marie’ — green Slc. Helen Veliz ‘Orange Glow’ x Sic. Madge Fordyce ‘Fire Brigade’ — reds Be. Mount Anderson ‘Summit Snow’ x C. Earl ‘Imperialis’ — white C. Penny Kuroda ‘Spots’ x Le. Mishima Star — lav. pink with flares Le. Persepolis ‘Splendor’ x Bic. Waikiki Sunset ‘Brightest Orange’ Bic. Bouton D’ Or ‘Lewis’ x Sic. Hazel Boyd ‘Royal Scarlet’ — gold & scarlet Sic. Tangerine Jewel x C. velutina — orange Sic. Tangerine Jewel x Soph. coccinea — reds Bic. Yellow Ball ‘Sunshine’ x Blc. (Tiara x Bouton D' Or) — gold Available also in hobby flasks $15.00 or, 8 flasks delivered $115.00 Goods for immediate delivery, or your order may be held for Spring. Please allow substitutes: Add $12 freight for small orders. ENCLOSE 39¢ STAMP ONLY FOR RETAIL OR COMMERCIAL LISTS NEW ZEALAND: (09) 298 6619 MARBLE GARDENS, Park Estate Road, Papakura BANKCARD — MASTERCARD — VISACARD WELCOME ND ) m= Please supply your name, card number and expiry date. Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 ORCHIDACEOUS Specialist supplier of ORCHID BOOKS & GIFT LINES featuring ORCHIDS Write now for your free catalogue: ORCHIDACEOUS P.O. Box 378, Alstonville N.SW. 2477 SHOWROOM Suite 2, Colonial Building, Main St, Alstonville N.SW. 2477 Phone (066) 28 1438 (0) 5 {0} 5 19D 7010) .¢-) Send for FREE descrip- tive list of more than 425 currently available Orchid books...sent surface mail, anywhere in the world, postpaid!! ORCHID BOOKS OLD — NEW — RARE Back issues magazines, Antique prints. Free catalog by airmail Visa and Mastercard accepted McQUERRY ORCHID BOOKS 5700 W. Salerno Rd, Jacksonville, FL 32244 USA Cultivation of Australian Native Orchids 2nd Edition 1988. Produced by Australasian Native Orchid Society Victorian Group Inc. Soft cover 96 pages RRP $9.95 plus $1.70 packaging and postage. An éxtremely good book for those who specialise in growing Australian Native Orchids, whether it be epiphytes or terrestrials. The book is divided into two parts. er NE I IE DA LE I NETO Part | containing epiphytes covering cultivation, potting mixes and potting, growing environments, watering, propa- gation, pest and diseases. Detailed cultivation notes are included for a number of different species. In- cluded here are descriptions of many plants. The epiphytes are grouped as cool, temperate and sub-tropical/tropical. Part 2 deals with terresterial species in much the same way as the epiphytes. Photographs and diagrams are used to enhance the text throughout the book. Appendicies contain handy hints on housing orchids, month by month culti- vation notes, for epiphytes and terres- trials, (for Melbourne) can be adapted for other areas. Further reading, ANOS groups, and climatic information from around the continent. Recommend for the individual and society library. The Macdonald Encyclopedia of Orchids — Alberto Fanfani Photography Walter Rossi Publishers Macdonald Arbis (London) Pan Books Australia Soft cover — 256 pages. A well compiled volume for the orchid enthusiast — beginner or professional. The book contains a very simple key to growing the genera men- tioned. A good introduction with botanical information and growing hints. The main section of the book entitled Entries gives a very good colour photograph of the genera being described. One hundred and nineteen dif- ferent genera are covered in this book with species and_ hybrids shown. The hybrids are illustrated in the main commercial genera. A book which would be useful to all orchid growers or for the Orchid Society Library. RRP $24.99 available from Pan Books (Australia) Pty Ltd, 63-71 Balfour St, Chippendale, NSW 2008. Orchid Culture — Written by Leading North Coast Growers Compiled by Woodburn Orchid Society Inc. 2nd Edition This 28 page booklet covers the basic culture of Cattleyas, Softcane and Hardcane _ Dendrobiums, Cymbidiums, Paphiopedilums, Vandas and Australian Nature Or- chids. Each section is written by a Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 speciaist in each field. The sections are concise and very easy to grasp. A very good book for the begin- ner or Orchid Society Library. Sales Enquiries, N.W. Harris, 76 Yamba Rd., Yamba, 2464. Soft cover — centrepiece colour. Photograph prices 1-9 $5.50 ea, 10-19 $5.00ea, 20 and over $4.50 ea. TINONEE ORCHID NURSERY 482 Mondrook Rd, Tinonee. Via Taree, NSW 2430. Phone 065 53 1012 We have the largest collection of easy to grow orchids on the NSW Mid-North Coast. Exciting new hybrids and line bred species in stock, in most popular genera. Visitors welcome Saturdays or by appointment. List available on request. SSoCoSooSoo SOHO OO ANNA LUGARNO ORCHID CO PTY LTD Proprietor: B.C. & J.E. Schwartz 1178 Forest Road, Lugarno 2210 Phone 53 9708 MERICLONES Cymbidiums — Cattleyas Miniature Cymbidiums — Dendrobiums DIVISIONS Cattleyas — Cymbidiums.— Paphs Phalaenopsis — Japanese Dendrobiums First class Cattleya Seedlings from 3” Pots to Flowering Size Also Award Mature Cattleyas & Exhibition Types. Flowering size. Send for List. 2 LARGE STOCKS OF PHALAENOPSIS AND CATTLEYA COMPOTS. Sylvia Fry crosses available, also large range of Cattleya Seedlings designed to give Award Shape and Colour Expectancy. te oe eee re we ewe eee seme ee ewes THE P.H. The letters PH are used to indi- cate the Acidity or Alkalinity of a medium. One such medium is the compost used to obtain growth and flowering in plant life, which in- cludes Orchids. It is measured on a scale that runs from 1-14 as shown below. Neutral being 7, is the most used indicator factor to start from, with progression towards 14, indicating higher fields of Alkalinity and from 7 numerically downwards to indicate a move to more Acidity. Some water supplies are controlled close to PH 7 (Sydney), but care must be exercised because we have ob- served very different readings in some other areas. The state of the medium can be rearranged by the adding of Acids to adjust toward an Acid medium and Alkalies toward Alkalinity, de- pending on your need. We use Phorsphoric Acid to ad- just our Acidity and either Bi- Carbonate of Soda or Calcium Hydryoxide for the Alkaline adjust- ment. To test the state of your medium you may procure from a chemical retailer, litmus paper, Multi-coloured PH sticks (brand name “Mark Peloupa”), or a small instrument sold by I.C.I. Scientific Instrument Dept. that is simply im- mersed in the liquid at the base, then gives a numerical read out. Special chemical indicators in liquid form that when mixed with your solution will change colour, and the colour gained then compared with a colour chart that comes with the test kit (these may be obtained from any good Aquarium Dealer fairly cheaply). Just as light, water, air flow, altitude, warmth and other environ- mental factors often referred to as some of the essentials needed by plant life, to develop their optimum of growth flowering and seed pro- duction so equally essential is the need to balance the PH in your pot or your growing medium whatever your choice may be. If the PH is incorrect, then the salts being fed to your plants are simply not made available as a gaseous food the plants can assumulate, but either pour out the bottom of the pot, or build up in your medium as solid salts, often causing a white discolouration around the water outlets of the pot. 14 FACTOR 1 fe, ee eC 5 Chas Say HOG. PLO} Wali ee my a Shiga 4 Acid | Alkaline Neutral Charts have been available for a long time, one of which | will in- clude, to indicate the optimum PH that is necessary to release the maximum of our needed minerals and trace elements. We agree, as so many others do, that the PH 5.0 to PH 5.8 is correct. For most Orchids to use the avail- able fertilizer efficiently. In our laboratories, where seedlings are maintained for quite some time ina captive environment, and with only the nutrient originally made avail- able. The above recommended PH is maintained. If a ‘slip’ occurs we can always see the symptoms that develop such as, growth stunting, non root development, discolour- ation of the foliage, and breakdown in the Agar based medium. Many losses and problems can be traced back to the misuse of the PH factor as was demonstrated to us several years ago, when using an Alkaline balanced fertilizer (RH 7-8) we nearly lost much of our Stud collection, and did in fact only regain control when using Bill Johnstons recommended Formula of ‘Aquasol’ plus lron Chelates and Magnesium Sulphate (Epsom Salts) and adjusting our tank to RH 5-8 at every weekly feeding, only then did we observe the return to good health to those fortunate to survive the ordeal. We made no other conscious changes to our plants that would not allow us to identify the problem. The only break from this pro- gramme has been the introduction of a product of a Hormone based ‘additive’ within the last six months, called ‘Vegemax’. It is not the intent of this article to suggest that if an Orchid collection is growing in a satisfactory manner, when com- pared with other Local collections, that there is a need to change your methods. However it is the intent of the author to attempt to develop an awareness and questioning of the extreme importance of the balance of the PH factor within your grow- ing medium and hopefully present the experience of seeing your plants Languish instead of giving Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 the pleasure of a healthy collection. A simple illustration would be, try- ing to grow Azaleas or Camellias, Daphne, etc in a previously well limed soil, as most home gar- deners would be aware, your plants would not survive after a yellowing of the foliage and all you would have done is change the PH from Acid to Alkaline, so after a slow loss of foods your plant dies. Unfortunately we in the World of Orchid Culture do not always re- ceive such notice by a sudden change in our plants until the dam- age is done because of the slow growing progress that are the habit of most Orchids. Awareness is also of importance, because we have many normal ingredients to choose from when connecting our Com- post. Such as Pine Bark, Tan Bark (if available) Peat Moss, Tree fern fibre, bracken fern, etc and all of these are of an Acid nature and so do not always present difficulty. However caution must be the key- word because too Acid a balance will cause a problem as equally as the Alkaline balance may. The only sure way is to test your medium or fertilizer liquid regularly. This may be done with one of the test units mentioned earlier. | am of the belief that many problems often put down to over or under watering, wrong environment, lack of correct temperatures, insect infestation, old potting medium etc could just as easily be caused by maladjusted PH. If the author can cause a little questioning and experimentation of his contempories then our Experi- ence and time in writing this article will not have been in vain. Jack Williamson Kaldoon Orchids. i Strongly acid ; "ere Strongly alkaline pH | 4.0 50 5.5 610 7.0 8.0 9.0 POTASSIUM SULFUR CALCIUM WaWoce COPPER ZINC eee MOLYBDENUM I (i Bea 4.0 pH Fig. 4.6 The effect of the soil pH on the availability of plant nutrients in organic soils. (From Lucas and Davis, 1961.) The availability of the elements is indicated by the width of thge bands. . Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 15 From an Orchid Lover’s Bookshelf One of the joys of orchid involve- ment is in the acquisition of litera- ture (books, pamphlets, cata- logues, etc) relevant to our chosen passion. Early in my own orchid growing days (20 odd years ago) | read a library book titled ‘Out West Grow- ing Cymbidium Orchids and Other Flowers’, the story of El Rancho Rinconada, by Louis M. Boyle, Snr. (Times-Mirror Press, Los Angeles, U.S.A. — 1952). The book is dedicated to the ‘memory of my mother and father — they both loved their garden and flowers’. Could there be a more apt dedication? This book came into being be- cause the author ‘became a victim of rheumatoid arthritis ... obliged to curtail (my) activity in more ways than one’. Originally intended as a record of experiences in growing cymbidium orchids out-of-doors in Southern California, it developed into a much broader canvas. Acquaintance with Spanish- speaking classmates led to the author hearing about the old ran- chos, and fostered the ambition to one day have a rancho of his own. The 500 odd pages are filled with a veritable treasury of photographs and text not only of orchids, but of ; the flower industry, flower shows, the seed-growing industry, the Men’s Garden Club, and a little of the early West’. Many avenues of orchid interest are explored in this ‘gem’, such as Let’s Talk It Over (joining an orchid society), discourses on some of the older varieties of cymbidium or- chids, learning by experience, sick plants, personal views on culture, and other topics. | realize that all these subjects have been treated in various ways by many writers: after all what is really new? But gathered together in this one volume they form an eminently readable account of Louis Boyle’s horticultural experi- ences, and as with any book of note the writer creates an empathy with his readers. It took me almost ten years of searching to locate a copy for sale. Believe me, when | did, | pounced on it with wild ex- pressions of delight! Born in Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A., Hugo Freed spent his early 16 An Article by Jo-Ann C. Burke days in the Pacific Northwest. For many years a successful insurance broker, he had been educated in New York and at the Sorbonne in Paris. His father was a travelling sales- man. The family finally settled on a large parcel of land near Seattle, Washington. It was here that Hugo Freed began to first ‘develop an active interest in plants and flowers’, spending much time tend- ing the garden with his mother. Hugo Freed’s brother Arthur was a song-writer with numerous hits to his credit including ‘Pagan Love Song’ and ‘Singin’ in the Rain’. In 1938 this talent led to a career as a motion picture producer; he re- ceived in 1951 an Academy Award for best motion picture as‘producer of ‘An American in Paris’ and again in 1958 for ‘Gigi’. In 1947 when Arthur acquired an orchid range in Malibu’s Zuma Canyon Hugo be- came the managing partner. Hugo Freed’s name is synony- mous with the development of the Phalaenopsis orchid in particular. In his book ‘Orchids and Seren- dipity’ (Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jer- sey, U.S.A. — 1970) he shares with his readers little-known facts about orchid history. He writes about the mid 1770’s when people became aware of the aesthetic uses of orchids, and of the modern areas of orchid knowledge. In the chapter ‘The Orchid Ark’ we share Hugo’s pleasure in the little humming-bird he christens ‘Pepito’, and his placing of Cattleya blooms for Pepito’s nectar dessert each day. We read of his personal joys associated with orchids, of life on the orchid range, of understanding the often little-understood orchid, and of visitors to the range. It's interesting to read that for small seedlings freshly deflasked, a special seedling bark mixture of small chips was used. In a 10 cm plastic community pot 10 to 20 seedlings would be placed, and allowed to grow to a stage for individual potting on. (Almost 20 years on some growers use this same method.) Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 For the poets among us there is a slim booklet of verse titled ‘Or- chids in my Greenhouse, Crab- grass in my Lawn’, self-published by Clarence S. Lindsten in 1973. Verses touch on various aspects of retirement, nostalgia and garden- ing. Two poems that will strike a chord in the hearts of orchid growers are as follows: THE STANDARD The Judging Standard tells us that Most orchid blooms should be Of over-lapping rounded form, With pleasing symmetry. But some fine day, they'll likely say Much to our great despair, That they've re-wrote the Standard and The form must now be square! and RELATIVES Said the Brasso Digbyana to the great big showy Catt, ‘Stop acting so superior, and remember where you're at. You're in among your relatives, the Laelias and me, And if it wasn’t for our bloodlines, Boy, how common you would be! Another booklet is ‘Orchids at Christmas’ by Blanche and Oakes Ames (compiled by Botanical Museum of Harvard University, 1975). Itis a‘... tribute to botanical art and two remarkable human beings...’ For thirteen years Blanche and Oakes Ames sent unique Christmas greetings to botanical colleagues, and friends. These consisted of an orchid drawing by Blanche, and a quotation chosen by Oakes. Their daughter Pauline Ames Plimton, together with other family members, and‘. . . several of his colleagues at the Botanical Museum... decided. . . to publish reproductions of these Christmas cards.’ As well as the cards and quo- tations the booklet contains notes on Blanche and Oakes Ames and ‘... the two institutions so close to their hearts — the American Orchid Society and the Orchid Herbarium continued p. 27 A New Hobby: Orchid Society Lapel Pins In 1980 | took a group of orchid lovers to New Zealand to attend the 1st New Zealand International Or- chid Conference held in Auckland, with a tour of the country after the Conference. At the Show venue | noticed a very frantic and fascinat- ing scramble exchanging orchid society lapel pins. (“Down Under’ they are referred to as badges.) Found that it apparently was a well organized activity and has been going on for quite some time in Australia and New Zealand. They seemed to be spending a lot of time and energy searching out these lapel pins and trading partners. In fact advance information | have from the 13th World Orchid Confer- ence to be held next year in Auck- land, a special area is to be set aside for the trading of pins, stamps and other orchid artifacts. Unfortunately | was unable to take part in this hobby as our local San Diego County Orchid Society did not have a lapel pin at that time. Previously we only had name plates. By 1985 when | led another group to Wellington for the 2nd New Zealand International Orchid Conference, several of us had seen that the lack of pins from the San Diego County Orchid Society had been rectified. So with a fistful of 50 of our pins, | was well ‘armed’ to take part in the pin swapping mania. While at the Wellington Show | noticed a young fellow from Invercargill had quite an impressive display of pins. He had a large world map on a display board with his collection of pins mounted around the edge of the map with strings leading from the pins to their town site on the map. Before we left the Conference in Welling- ton to continue our tour of ‘Kiwi’ land, | took stock of my booty and found | had done quite well on my { first foray into pin collecting. | had ‘captured’ 31 New Zealand pins and surprisingly, 8 from Australia. In October 1986 | launched a | letter writing campaign to New Zea- land and Australia in pursuit of the many missing badges needed for my collection. Very shortly, | had all that were available from New Zea- land, so turned my main effort westward. Then found | had a formidable task ahead of me with over 200 orchid societies in Austra- lia. Undaunted, | plunged ahead posting letters to many of the or- chid societies and slowly, but surely, the airmail letter packets started coming in with pins en- closed for a trade for one from our local society. This letter writing campaign gave excellent results as almost all of my letters were answered, even if the society did not have a pin, they usually re- sponded to let me know that they did not have one. One of the pleasant side effects of this letter writing has created some very ex- cellent new friendships. While at- tending Orchid Expo ’88 in Caloundra, Australia last year, | was fortunate enough to meet some of my letter writing-trading partners and was even invited to spend a couple of days in Hervey Bay at the home of Brian and Gloria Pearce. There are now 6 regular trading partners: 4 in Aus- tralia, 1 in New Zealand, and 1 in England. Australia is proving to be a real gold mine for these very desirous pins. To date | have col- lected 144 from just Australia! Originally | started pinning these badges on a baseball type cap that | happened to be wearing at the New Zealand Conference. Very soon | found out | was running out of space. Then | had a lady create a vest (waistcoat “Down Under’) for me and have since then been pinning them on it. The front is now covered and they are now half way across the back. The 12th World Orchid Conference in Tokyo in 1987 saw the debut of my vest. Because of this | met two very avid pin collectors. They are two of the above mentioned trading partners: Harry Wilshaw of England and Jim Dench of New Zealand. Harry has over 300 pins in his collection, while Jim Dench is closely pushing the same figure. At the 12th World Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 Orchid Conference | was able to add 35 pins to my collection. These came from England, South Africa, Canada and Australia and even 8 from the U.S. There is a real dearth of pins here in the U.S. considering the large number of societies we have up here, though there seems to be a trend to change this. So far | have located 16 of them, mostly from California and Florida. This is proving to be a very fascinating new hobby for me. (One of the benefits driving from this “orchid collecting” activity, you don’t have to worry about a sched- ule to water and feed them or watch our for crown rot!) The colors and designs make a very interesting display. | have worn my vest to the 12th W.O.C. in Tokyo, Orchid Expo ’88 in Caloundra, the 11th Austra- lian Orchid Conference, the 1st Canadian Orchid Congress in Vancouver, the 32nd and 33rd Eastern Orchid Conference here in the U.S. The vest is quite an eye- catcher, besides getting quite weighty, which in the long run does attract attention, which in turn leads to the trading of more pins. With almost 212 years of diligently seek- ing out these pins, | have just recently reached the 270 mark. After the banquet in the Sydney Opera House at the 11th Australian Orchid Conference, five of us avid pin collectors got together (2 from Australia, 2 from New Zealand, and myself) and discussed the possible formation of a Badge Collector’s Club. It seemed feasible and needed, so we asked Barry Collins to serve as the General Secretary to launch our new club. He readily agreed to take on the task. Things seem to be slowly but surely get- ting well underway getting it organized with over 100 inquiries from Australia where all this mad- ness apparently originated. Our first major task is trying to compile a listing of the various pins that are known to have been issued. These lists will be published in a soon to be issued Club News Bulletin as we are able to track the many pins in circulation. For further informa- tion collectors can send a stamped self-addressed envelope to Barry Collins, 245 Avoca _ Street, Randwick, N.S.W. 2031. We look forward to hearing from you. Ben Hardy 9443 E. Heaney Circle, Santee, Calif. 92071 USA 17 The BIG ONE for Queensland in 89, set in the mountains west of Brisbane, 2000ft above sea level. The response by orchid fanciers, clubs and orchid nurseries, both from Australia and overseas has been very heartening to the Toowoomba Orchid Society organ- ising committee, and they look for- ward to the great event at the spacious Harristown High School Assembly Hall from September 18 to 24 (open to the public from Wednesday, September 20). The number of registrants to date has been very encouraging, with many enquiries coming from New Zealand, United States, Japan and most States of Australia. Nearly all space has been taken for the commercial nurseries, and the 40 display sites for clubs and individual growers Is filling steadily. We are very fortunate that the Spectacular will be held in the very spacious school assembly hall, the 18 entrance being right on a main road, South Street, with plenty of parking for cars and coaches. In the hall there is ample room for the 40 individual displays, including the Toowoomba Orchid Society's stage display and the Native Orchid So- ciety of Toowoomba’s display. As well, there will be a souvenir booth, flower stall, club plant sales and raffles area. A food and drink outlet will also be available. We have had a fantastic re- sponse from Toowoomba business houses in providing most of the $7000 prizemoney. A local nation- wide transport firm, Simons has provided $1000 for the Grand Champion Orchid prize, and the Reserve Champion prize of $500 has been donated by Toowoomba’s Mayor and local Member of Parlia- ment, Alderman Clive Berghofer M.L.A. The social activities planned for the Registrants at the Spectacular Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 The Native Orchids are superb at Conference Time in Toowoomba include a welcome cocktail party at the Toowoomba Golf Club’s spacious premises situated over- looking the Toowoomba range; a banquet dinner at the same venue, and a good old Aussie barbecue at a beautiful old “pub” — The Farmers Arms — set in peaceful bushland just outside Toowoomba. A day of interesting lectures has been organised. Both overseas and local speakers will give inter- esting talks based on the advance- ment in the culture and growth of orchids. Speakers are:— DR. GEOFF STOCKER, Nth Qld. Geoff has: travelled exten- sively throughout New Guinea, Indonesia, Burma, India and Cen- tral America. During his travels he has collected superb clones of many species orchids. Geoff has specialised in the Highland Orchids of New Guinea and his lecture will be on these. He will also have for release at the Conference a selec- tion of Highland species seedlings to flowering size. DR. ALFRED B. LAU, Mexico. Alfred looks after an orphanage in Mexico and to support the children they make trips throughout Mexico collecting seeds of Palms, Bromiliads, Cacti and Orchids, which they sell throughout the world. His lecture will contain ac- counts of these trips and the Or- chids of Mexico. RUSSELL HUTTON, New Zea- land. Russell and Lorraine Hutton have specialised in the magical Masdavallia Species, and has one of the largest collections of these beautiful orchids. They have avail- able from their nursery an excellent range of Masdavallias and closely allied species. There will be a selection of these available during the Conference. ANDY EASTON, New Zealand. Andy needs no introduction. For- merly based in the United States, he is one of the world’s leading Cymbidium hydridisers and cur- rently owns Geyserland orchids. Andy travels extensively around the world promoting the fellowship and enjoyment of orchid growing. His lecture will cover the advances made in recent years and what the future holds for Cymbidiums. MARK PENDLETON, U.S.A. Mark and his partners Terry Root and Herb Hager have recently opened The Orchid Zone at Sa- linas, California. Mark has grown and bred Cymbidiums and Odontoglossums for several years and combined with Terry’s know- ledge on Paphiopedilums and Herb’s widely known Phalaenopsis breeding assured this venture to be a success. Mark’s lecture at the conference will look at the Odontoglossums. DAVID BANKS, Sydney. David is one of Australia’s younger hybridisers who will talk on the culture and breeding of the native Sarocochilus. The Spectacular and Confer- ence, which finishes on Sunday, September 24, will run during the week leading up to Toowoomba’s famous attraction — the Carnival of Flowers. The Carnival celebrations start on Saturday, September 23 with the procession of floats, and goes right through to September 30. The Toowoomba Orchid Society is undertaking a mammoth task of providing nearly two weeks of or- chid shows. When the Spectacular finishes on Sunday, September 24, the club will assemble a completely new Spring Orchid Show on Mon- day, September 25 for the rest of Carnival of Flowers Week. Most of you would have read in the national press of the recent survey undertaken throughout Aus- tralia, which came up with the fact that Toowoomba, the Garden City of Queensland, is “The Best Place in Australia to Live” — so why not come and visit us in September. Bookings for local accommo- dation during Carnival of Flowers Week is very heavy but there is still accommodation during the week of the Spectacular. If you would like our latest colour brochure or would like to attend the Toowoomba Orchid Spectacular and Conference ’89, please write to: Mr Phillip Mackenzie (Registrar), PO. Box 885, Toowoomba, Qld. Australia 4350. SUBSCRIPTION ORDER CURRENT FINANCIAL SUBSCRIBERS WILL HAVE THEIR SUBSCRIPTIONS ADJUSTED TO COVER THE NEW 6 ISSUES ANNUALLY. SUBSCRIBERS WILL BE ADVISED WITH THE NEXT ISSUE RENEW NOW FOR 1989/90 All overseas cheques (except New Zealand) must be in US dollars, or US dollar equivalent for credit cards. Credit card subscnptions may be telephoned to (02) 560 6166 Advertisers Index Volume 54 No. 3 June 1989 AME:Cloning ab itaersstierteneretiercart.sreerreerteets artes 34 AranDeei) OFChidSmearccteurertetsertsertenreer tomers 41 Arundel Estate Orchids Bryant, Alvin... Campbell, Colin Cape Oasis ............. GarinyalOrchidSrremenssmeemeveetrirrint seri resbiersersteeee eet 36 ‘Charm.Orchid NUCSerynantreeretcermecrstesteness tar tenrt tes 34 Collectors: Cormetinemencimrscrter treatise ir 10 Crispins Native Orchid Nursery .........:..ccscseeeeereeeees 35 Cymbidium City Orchids..........::.cssesseeesesseereeeeeeeees 11 Digital Audio ProceSSing ............:csesssseseeeeseeseeseseeseee 38 Dingley Fern Marketer iiecsccessssssesssesssessseee 29 Double U Orchids Easy Orchids........... Evelin Orchids..... Fame. Orchidstites its .sltseerccerssretrierrezeetieest res EloraBropagation ab smamssremerseeeresttrtrr ter acerttr: Glenwood Orchids Pty Ltd... Gravlane.OrchidS Rittmirrcesstersisetereartetsr erste vents: 35 Growing Point Orchids ..............seeccsessseeesesseeeseeeeseeees 43 Henryflom Bam eirntcetereterstts. niente iret: 36 Humpybong Orchid Nursery ...........ccsesseeseeeeeereeseees 35 Keiths Nursery KUdlaOrchicu Nurser yarssrermeererertrcntervteerteastrtsrsectrd 11 LONNE:SINOPSCLy masedtertrnetortecesreseststanesrttestins or 38 EUgamo.Orcnid GO ssemnmrmetecttenrenamer tt nerttrstrersteri 13 Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 Mandurang Orchid Nursery ... Mays RiecO: Pitecissestsrsrererrase i MayersLOU pie tessrsettrsstastt.vtssstesttsacet devtrettvect seesehens ances McQuerry Orchid Books .........:::s:ecceessreseeseseneeseeeseees Meredith iYOrKstenenccctroctansserlocsdiecrestctt aemeeetitistazel les 2 Merrellen Orchids.......... 134 Mooroolbark Orchids . nr AR MonattiG:P: 8 Di Extisneristtatrstescttensmeities. stort snceact 38 MtiBeenak Orchidsteepererscrstettsrscertesrsesrcrestearercetct 42 Mt. Pleasant Orchid Nursery...... +30 Myall orchids ..... -..38 Orchid Enterprises. ...38 Orchid ValloyPeementrttsteratett strate masta 31 Orchidaceons tats hitisctercrtrertstehs tects me tomes Orchidglen Nursery ...........2-.+2200++ Orchids from Karen McFarlane Orchids in New Zealand ............ ct Parade Orchids mrerminctrrtesrtrcntectir seat ncettser ste eatece PIATOrchids ab tree ssscttienserstcedtttectettereerssrelsansurers cei 31 Price, R.G. & I... Price Rite.......... Royal Orchids................ Saltwater Creek NUISETY .........c:sscsesesesesersesessereerseeees 32 Schaeters-Orchids tes. ttuascevsetecenYerWse. sorectseenetsan treet 40 Seidel, Aluim ie Slatteryy Granktemretenerstrtetntesscrsartevetrescte ereeeer sees 27 Sun Moon Orchidsiteveeentetnctisrc western coerce riers 39 Sunshine Orchid Nursery ..........:::sccesessereesesseeeeeessenes 29 SYdney, Orchids tremstersersusrsrseisstscvesdevem sermtetestta: fever Swansea Orchids chs Taida Horticultural Co Ltd... ceeceescesetecsseseecseeeeee 40 Tamborine Mountain Orchids..........::ccsccsesesereeeeeerees 27 Tandara Orchids .0.........csseeeseseereeeee Tinonee Orchid Nursery Twin Oaks Books Inc........ ft: Valley.Orchids Sirm.ctireaprertcricstrerticnssttrrsrstteretet es tetany WondabahiOrchidSiensscttatrssraseerserrreceetesttreestrant res Wyong Orchid NUISCTy ici. iiictscsctecsssearsaseseresnseooese "Safe Simple Methods for Controlling Orchid Pest Most of the insecticide sprays currently available for PEST control are either too expensive or too dangerous to use, (or both), so for some time I have been seeking a product which will not reduce my lifespan or my bank balance. I have just concluded some testing which indicates I may have found exactly what I, and no doubt many others, have been wanting for many, many years. The main pests which are a problem for me are scale, aphids and the two spotted mite — which is also known as red spider and spider mite. The latter is a most difficult pest to control or erad- icate. No doubt other pests annoy other growers which do not affect me, but just possibly they too will respond to the same or similar treatments to those outlined here. SPIDER MITE Two Spotted Mite is a pest which causes untold damage to the horticultural industry and many of the methods advo- cated for eradicating it, or should I say controlling it, are expensive, and what is more important, are quite capable of harming the user. Glenwood Orchids began using pred- ator mites around 1976, when we were given a trial sample by the Keith Turnbull Research Station (Vic), and we have had good success with them. How- ever, for some reason they would not establish permanently under certain growing conditions no matter what we tried. However, where predators were permanently established they had spider mite under absolute control. The reason why the predators would not establish in certain areas was a perplexing question, and no matter how many times fresh stocks were released into areas devoid of predators they just would not remain there. Over several years I noted that there were two locations where our predator mites could always be found but the reason for this did not become obvious until the recent construction of a large shade house was completed and filled with plants. This shade area was covered with 65% knitted shadecloth and while it was satisfactory during the winter months it was quite hot on a hot sunny day. During the summer of 1987-88 a second layer of shadecloth was added to this new shade house which substan- tially reduced the foliar temperature during summer. During 1988 it Was discovered that the 20 | | Be shade area was totally free of spider mite, and the predators were well and truly established in large numbers. While working within this shade house during the 1988/89 summer it was noted that the air was cool, even on a hot day, and all areas having similar conditions had permanent colonies of predators. The growing areas where the predators would NOT establish were always the HOTTEST. It was suddenly obvious, the two spotted mites thrived in the heat, but the predators avoided it. The answer then is simple. In order to control two spotted mites by natural means may require nothing more than an adjustment of the environmental con- ditions so that it favoured the predators. In ALL areas where the predators were in large numbers the air temperature and shade levels were similar to that pro- vided by a large shady tree. A cool breeze flowing through the shade area, coupled with adequate moist air, main- tained a temperature around 28 deg. C. even on a very hot Melbourne day. There is another factor which is import- ant if one is using predator mites to control two spotted mite which must be taken into consideration. If the population of two spotted mites is reduced, the predators will roam over a very large area to find sufficient mites to eat. If growers space their pots well apart, or, use short bench runs then this will restrict the predators ability to roam about. The answer is to grow your pots close together, and use long, continuous benches, or rows where possible, or, alternatively provide some means whereby the predators can gain access from one bench to another. For exam- ple, allow the foliage from plants on adjacent benches to touch. If pots are grown on the ground, place them close together. I am aware that this could cause fresh problems, but they could be overcome by careful selection of the material used as ground cover. The adult mites are prone to going walkabout, and will soon be found some distance from where they were orig- inally established, but they will have deposited eggs where-ever they have been and while one may see no predators for a while, suddenly juveniles will be seen wandering about. One good idea is to have one special area set aside as a place where infested plants can be swapped with clean ones to ensure the predators perpetually breed and multiply in that area. Predators in such a “‘breeding area’’ can be easily Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 W. R. “Bill” Johnson Glenwood Orchids Pty. Ltd. collected and transferred to other areas. The predators seem fond of our Native epiphytes such as Den. Kingianum and we have a colony of predators estab- lished on our natives. I now know that I can always find them there if I need to collect some predators for transferral to other areas. Incidentally, two spotted, or, spider mites if you prefer that name, are NOT red. Some growers have been killing predators thinking they were spider mites simply because the pest was de- scribed as “‘red spider’’. Just shows you how, when we are badly taught, or, poorly informed, we get things horribly wrong and we can actually make things worse for our- selves. It would therefore appear, once more, that natural means of pest control are available, providing we get the con- ditions right. Using predator mites successfully is one thing BUT they do not provide quick control over a serious outbreak of two spotted mites, for which spraying is the only solution. A year or so ago liquid pyrethrum became ‘available and because it had a reputation for being harmless to humans I decided to test its effectiveness on our various pests. In order to test the pyrethrum on spider mite I firstly ran tests under a micro- scope to: (a) observe if pyrethrum would kill the mites, and (b) to find which dilution rate was most effective. Observing the reaction under the microscope I found mature adults were killed in around ONE MINUTE, juven- iles in less. A more ambitious test was conducted on a large plant which was infested with mites of all ages. This time I added a ‘‘spreader’’ to the solution because I had observed in the microscope tests that the pyrethrum did not freely form a film over the leaf surface or the mites. I found that when a spreader was added, the pyrethrum rap- idly spread over the leaf and the two spotted mites, enhancing the killing factor. For a spreader I used Clensel at the rate of 10 ml. per litre, and I used 6 ml. of the concentrated pyrethrum solution. I have also used Teepol, and White Oil to be equally effective. The test plant’s foliage was covered with the spray and left. Next day I inspected the entire foliage and found hundreds of dead mites, and NO live ones. I inspected the plant again a few days later, and just a few live mites were found. These could easily have been missed on the first spraying or even hatched after spraying. The plant was sprayed again, and this time on checking no more live mites were found. A large test spraying was conducted and again with similar results, and, only a few mites were found alive. NO damage to the plants has been detected, but then only very long term observations will determine if any per- manent damage is done to the plant. I am fairly certain that there will be none. It has been my experience, and others have communicated the same, that some of the more volatile systemic sprays can and do cause deformities to orchids, so if minor damage occurs one is no worse off. Two or more applications of the spray would be desirable, but then that applies equally to any spraying regime. Here are a few pointers for those wishing to test my results:— 1. Liquid pyrethrum. If you are buying it check the pyrethrum percentage on the container label. I found this was a trap because some brands are much cheaper than others and as it turns out they are well and truly diluted. The brand I used contains 13% pyrethrum, but another well known brand on sale in supermarkets contained only 4% pyrethrum — which means one would have to use 3 times as much. A cost comparison showed the brand I used was no more expensive than the other. 2. The mixture. I used 6 ml. of 13% pyrethrum solution in | litre of water. To this I added about 10 ml. of a wetting agent (I used Clensel but one could use any pure horticultural wetting agent). 3. Application. Spray the entire leaf area (under and over), paying particular attention to the leaf tips. If the spray does NOT spread over the leaves in a film, insufficient wetting agent was used. Re-spray again one week later to catch any newly hatched mites. A third spray about two weeks later on may also be desirable. Spider mites are more correctly known as “‘two spotted mites’’ with the specific name of Tetranychus urticae. They are almost translucent in colour and have large brown spots on each side of the abdomen. One will usually need a magnifying glass to see them on the under side of plant leaves. If the “‘mites’’ are clearly visible without a magnifying glass, and they are brightly coloured-they are most likely predators. Predator mites can be purchased from Biocontrol Ltd. P.O. Box 35 Warwick. Qld. Their address is 124 McEvoy St. Warwick and their phone number is (076) 66-1592. The predator mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis, occurs naturally in Australia, it is not an introduced species, but for some reason it has quite a healthy taste for two spotted mites. SCALE From long term observations, it seems that certain species of scale will specific- ally attack plants which are unhealthy and weak, and orchids which are grown in enclosed conditions are more prone to attack than orchids grown in an open, natural and healthy environment. Plants may be given the best fertilizer ever made, BUT, if the plant’s root system is damaged little of that fertilizer will get into the plants system, so it is easy to have the mistaken impression that one’s orchids are being well fed when in fact they are NOT. Once again it would seem that the simple cure for scale is to improve the state of health of one’s plants by modifi- cations to one’s cultural methods. How- ever, to eradicate any spot infections a mixture of white oil and Clensel (used as per directions) will do the trick and it is perfectly harmless. With a small amount of liquid py- rethrum (circa 3 ml. per litre) added to the solution, the effectiveness of the spray was enhanced. This method was also 100% effective on Boisduval Scale infesting Cattleyas, but it was most essential that all dried tissue covering the bulbs was removed first, to ensure the spray reached all areas where the scale could hide. We are now growing more and more orchids under shadecloth alone. A single layer of 65% is permanently in place for winter months, with a second layer of 50% to 70% added from early Septem- ber to April. Despite dire predictions by some, the REDUCTION of light has INCREASED both growth rates and flower spike production. Plants grown in such shadecloth areas are NOT attacked by scale or two spotted mites. I have NOT tested this system on Lycastes which are usually sensitive to white oil spraying, so I would suggest that tests be made on an unwanted plant first before any attempt is made to spray this formula onto Lycastes. I would also suggest that any tests be made with and without the spreader. APHIDS I have not yet found a controllable Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 natural way to eradicate aphids, al- though I am well aware that ladybird larvae feed on aphids, having spent a lot of my “‘youth’’ working with a fellow natural history photographer friend who made an excellent 16mm movie film illustrating how effective the ladybird larvae were in eating their way through large numbers of aphids. This film was titled ““The Life Cycle of a Ladybird’ and the photographer was the late W. G. “‘Gil’’ Nicholls. I know that certain of Gil’s films were available through the (Vic.) State Film Library. If it should be then it is worthwhile viewing because it clearly illustrates biological control at it’s best. The film was made circa 1950. The trouble is, since 1950 we became enamored with pesticides and we have probably killed off the greater part of the ladybird population with them. Nowadays when the aphid season is on one rarely sees a ladybird anywhere. So, with insecticides the remaining option and with the success against the mites under my belt, I tested the py- rethrum spray on some Aphids, AND it was AGAIN 100% successful, once more with no apparent side effects (to me or the plants). If you too can’t collect ladybirds, then try pyrethrum, but if sprayed on flowers, try it without the spreader. Perhaps someone will get the message one day and breed ladybirds by the millions just as they are predator mites. MEALY BUG A large scale eradication test was conducted on mealy bug _ infesting paphiopedilums using the liquid py- rethrum in conjunction with a spreader, and once again a near 100% killing rate was achieved. The spreader was essential to remove the white “‘woolly’’ covering and allow the pesticide to penetrate. In our tests we thoroughly sprayed the entire plant, including the leaf junctions. Once it was certain the whole plant was covered the plants were inverted to allow any excess solution to be drained from the plant. This draining procedure would be most important, particularly for paphiopedilums. The outer surface of the pots were also saturated, particularly any pot which had a broad rim because mealy bug was found to be sheltering on the pot’s external surface. I would suggest caution using this spraying process on paphiopedilums, particularly in cold, damp winter con- ditions, because the wetting agent could collect in the leaf junctions and cause some damage. If applied on the under- continued p. 27 21 WHAT’S IN A NAME By Brian Maxwell Shakespeare wrote, ‘‘that which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet.’’ Not so with orchids!!! The orchid is the only member of the plant family for which a complete record has been kept of all the crosses registered. ALL orchid growers, therefore, have a responsibility to ensure that what is written on that little tag we place in a pot is CORRECT. The Rules for the correct setting out of names are to be found in the International Orchid Commission’s publication ‘‘Hand- book on Orchid Nomenclature and Regis- tration’’. Don’t let the title put you off. I’m sure there will be at least one copy in the library of every Orchid Society. THE HARDWARE What makes a good orchid label? For me the label must have two qualities. The writing surface must be large enough to cope with even the longest name and the plastic must be thick and durable enough to last for many years. Many of the printed labels used by orchid nurseries are too thin and tend to snap easily after only a year or so. Because we all like to remember where we purchased a particular plant, I write a label of my own to place in the pot as well. If you place this label in front of the nursery label, you can see from one side of the bench where you purchased the plant and from the other side the name of the plant. To write this extra label does not take all that long and it ensures that you don’t finish up with a bench of plants labelled Cattleya ‘‘un- known’’. Of equal importance to the quality of the label is the quality of the writing instru- ment. I look for something that is fine enough for fairly small printing yet per- manent enough to last for the life of the label. I have not yet found any type of pen with durable enough ink. My choice of a writing instrument is a pencil. Not all pencils will do. They must be soft enough to write clearly on a shiny plastic surface yet hard enough to retain a point for quite a number of labels. After a number of years of experimenting, I have settled on the Stabilo 8008. These are not obtainable at most news- agents but any Office Supplies distributor should have them or be able to get them for you. WHAT TO DO WITH THE HARDWARE Now that we have the correct utensils, it would be a shame to use them incorrectly. 22 Labels should be printed but you MUST follow the rules. SPECIES: For the name of the particular species use all lower case (small) letters except for the family name, e.g. erpan Ge intermedia or — Diacm. bicornutum NOT C. Intermedia or Diacm. Bicornutum The correct abbreviations to use can be found either in the ‘‘Handbook on Orchid Nomenclature and Registration’’ or in the front section of ‘‘Sander’s List of Orchid Hybrids’’. Be sure to use the correct abbreviations. Within the Cattleya intermedia species, there are a number of distinct varieties where all the members are a similar colour or pattern. The names of these are cor- rectly written as follows — C. intermedia var. alba; C. intermedia var. aquinii; etc. Now within the Cattleya intermedia var. aquinii group of plants there may be several outstanding examples to which we wish to be able to refer individually, e.g. C. intermedia var. aquinii ‘Kokusai’ or C. intermedia var. aquinii ‘Splash’. NATURAL HYBRIDS: Growers should also be aware that natural hybrids can occur in both interspecific and intergeneric forms, e.g. Interspecific: Cymbidium xballianum Intergeneric: xLaeliocattleya leeana = (C. loddigesii x L. pumila) A study of these will reveal that at least as far as the writing of labels goes, they are treated as for the species with the addition of the multiplication sign x. Specific clones are still indicated in the same way as for species, e.g. Cym. xballianum ‘Ajax’. ARTIFICIAL HYBRIDS: The names of artificial hydbrids are written in the fol- lowing way. C. Bow Bells ‘Perfection’. Please note the use of the capital letters which is our means of indicating that this is neither a species nor an interspecific natural hybrid. It could not of course, for obvious reasons, be an intergeneric natural hybrid. The lettering on the lable can thus tell us a great deal about the plant in question, provided the writer of the label has done the job correctly. One other lazy habit which label writers have gotten into is to leave out the abbreviated form of Memoria (Mem.) when writing the names of such orchids as — Blc. Mem. Crispin Rosales ‘Ruen Yuen’ or Lc. Mem. Albert Heinecke. New comers then find difficulty in locat- ing these names in alphabetical listings Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 such as ‘‘Sander’s List of Orchid Hy- brids’’. There are unfortunately those people who breed orchid hybrids but never get round to registering the progeny. Who among us has a collection without at least a handful of labels with three, four or even five or more names linked by nothing more than multiplication signs? Worse still there are still those who do not recognize the importance of writing these labels cor- rectly. To illustrate, let us take a relatively simple label written (incorrectly) as — Sic. Jewel Box X Sc. Doris xX Sc. Beaufort We now explore the possibilities by writing this in as many correct ways as possible. If we assume that the names have at least been retained in the correct order, there are two possibilities — (i) (Sla. Jewel Box X Sc. Doris) X Sc. Beaufort (ii) Slc. Jewel Box X (Sc. Doris x Sc. Beaufort) What difference does that make? Let’s follow it through — (i) (Slc. Jewel Box X Sc. Doris) X Sc. Beaufort Sic. Madge Fordyce X Sc. Beaufort Sic. Mango Tart (ii) Slc. Jewel Box X (Sc. Doris x Sc. Beaufort) = Sic. Jewel Box X Sc. Scarlet Angel The final cross here has not been regis- tered to date but it certainly could NEVER be registered as Slc. Mango Tart!!! We can thus see that the end result of the two possibilities are two different orchids. What confusion there could be in future registrations of hybrids if labels are not written correctly. We were able to sort out the confusion in the above example by the simple expedient of using brackets. Two unfortunate bad habits are creeping into label writing and should be stopped im- mediately. To take the example from above — Sic. Jewel Box X Sc. Doris x Sc. Beaufort has been written as — Sic. Jewel Box — Sc. Doris Beaufort OR Sle. Jewel Box X Sc. Doris X X Sc. Beaufort to indicate what should have been written as (Slc. Jewel Box Xx Sic Doris) x Sc. Beaufort. Please stamp out this habit before it gains a foothold. The difficulties of our simple example of three components in a cross becomes much more complicated where there are four names to cope with — to save space I will represent it diagramatically — XS G: A x B x C x D could be (A X B) X (C X D) = Orchid U or [A X (B X C)] X D = Orchid u [((A X B) X C] X D = Orchid x A X [(B X C) X D] = Orchid : A X [B X (C X D)] = Orchid and these are the results if the names have always been written in the correct order. If someone along the line had changed the order in which the names were written then the possible end products are greatly increased. You must realize that the or- chids designated above by the letters U, V, W, Y and Z are five different orchids and could never be written under the one name. They are the results of five different sequences of breeding. I will follow them through to illustrate the point — (A X B) x (C X D) = EXF Sl =x ky Q* «x x [(B x C) x D] A x [G x D] AxJ Y You will notice here that I have intro- duced a new type of brackets [ _] to assist us in understanding the more complex crosses that have been made. In using brackets we would start with ( ) to indicate the first cross made then [ ] to indicate that something has been crossed with what was inside ( ) and then if necessary use { } to indicate the next cross. How much simpler our lives would be if those who wish to use an unregistered cross in breeding would see to its regis- tration. After all, if the flower is good enough to use to breed with, then surely it should be registered. If you have orchids in your collection which have no indication of the order of the various crosses, please don’t use them for breeding. Let’s retain the integrity of the Sander’s Lists. @ ilies turn e wut x B x 9 Phuket and Phang-Nga Bay Tour Prof Rapee Sagarik organised our tour, and what a wonderful time we had. Ten of us took the one hour flight from Bangkok to Phuket. We ar- rived at the Pearl Hotel, a lovely old hotel in the centre of town (just like our Hotel Darwin) with a garden setting with pool and orchids. We were soon off to visit the Phuket Gardens, and were wel- comed with fresh drinks, then off to see the orchid project which Prof. Rapee Sagarik is helping to estab- lish. This delightful garden setting has a cultural show daily, and displays from many of the local industries, all beautifully presented and a great tourist attraction. After the show we had dinner with Pro- fessor Sagarik in the gardens res- taurant. The weather was perfect. The next day we went to Phang- Nga Bay, about an hours journey by bus. On the way we saw Arundina graminifolia growing in long grass by the roadside and amongst them were pitcher plants. We went past rubber plantations and coconut farms also pineapples and saw many varieties of fruit. We arrived at Phang-Ngu Bay, which is one of the great scenic attractions of the world. The lime- stone peaks of mountains rise out of the sea. Many thousand years ago this mountainous area was covered with glaciers, which melted. The sea rose, leaving only the peaks out of the water. It was a fantastic sight. We boarded a boat and went for a tour around the Bay. We passed a fishing village at the base of one of the peaks, built in the water on stilts, including a school and mosque. We arrived at a small island with a sandy beach. After a picnic lunch, our guide found some Paphio- pedilum godefroyae. These mottled leaf Paphs. were tucked away in rock crevices in moist sand in quite a lot of shade. Prof Rapee Sagarik was off, climbing up the steep rocks to explore and photo- graph. In fact it was hard work to keep up with him! Soon we had seen many more Paphiopedilums, all tucked away in cool crevices. Then we saw from the rocks, Aerides odorata, —‘Trichoglottis faciata and Vanda teres, just hang- ing from the rocks, what a thrill to see them in their natural habitat! There were many species of Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 Dendobium on the trees, but were not in flower, and so were hard to identify. On the way back we passed through a tunnel of limestone cliffs with many bats flying around us. We saw many more orchids hang- ing from the cliff face, also Paph. exul, a plain leaf species on the face of the rock in a much more exposed position. It was a wonderful day, and Prof Rapee Sagarik seemed to enjoy it as much as we did, recording it all on video camera. That night back in Phuket, we went to a superb fish restaurant on the seafront with the Professor, his friend and Wora Dawson, one of his old students. So back to busy Bangkok, and next day to Chiang Mai, more news about that next time. Rosemary Bromwich People on Phuket tour; Prof Rapee Sagarik Gus Klose Haleema Dauth Alastair McGregor Angie Aralar Peter Crook Marsha Aralar Wendy Crook Jenny Cuff Rosemary Bromwich OBITUARY It is with sadness that we learnt of the death of Ralph Handcock. He was a remarkable person in that after a life-time of growing cymbidium orchids in Sydney, he came to Darwin to take up the challenge of growing tropical or- chids here. He was a foundation member of our Society, and he brought to it all his knowledge of how to run an Orchid Society. He helped put up our first orchid display, ran our first trading table, and started our first judging classes. One will always remember that at over eighty years of age he began a ten year plan for his CHEM: What an inspiration for us all! At ninety four years, he was still caring for his orchids, and _ still coming to our meetings. We would like to extend our sympathy to his family, and espec- ially to his son Merv, who has done so much to support his Father, and to help our Society. 23 Native Epiphytes in Southern Victoria If nature had intended that Australian epiphytic/lithophytic orchids were to grow in Southern Victoria, either the species would have the genetic make up to suit the environment or the environment would have been changed to suit the species. Since neither event has occurred naturally, man must — to grow these plants with any degree of success — at least provide the basic requirements as we would for any exotic orchid species, or, for that matter, any other plant. The fallacy ‘‘that since it is native it should grow here’’ could not be further from the truth without considerable effort to make it happen. The majority of our epiphytic/lithophytic orchids inhabit the coastal strip between the mountains and the sea fromm Eastern Victoria, up the eastern coast to Cape York Peninsula. Even in this relatively small area in a country as vast as Australia, there exists a range of climatic conditions from snow and frost areas to the constant temperatures of the true tropics, from open grasslands through various degrees of for- estation to the jungle like tropical rain forests of the north. The effect of these changing conditions is reflected in the range of varieties within a given species. The basic conditions required by a species or variety should be considered before we attempt to grow these plants in our vastly different environment. Probably the one requirement that is common to all our orchids is their need for moving, fresh air. Plants grown in con- fined space without ventilation are very prone to fungus and disease attack. In nature, an orchid growing on a host tree is protected from strong winds by the canopy of the host and other trees around it, but even the most gentle breeze produces continuous air movement. In cultivation air movement is essential to maintain the health of the plants. Draughts must be avoided. A plant in a constant or frequent draught will not flourish but will stagnate or deteriorate. Temperature is of prime consideration and must be thought of in terms of both minimum and maximum requirements. Constant spells beyond either limit can be very detrimental to the health of the plant. All should be considered frost tender and although many species can be quite suc- cessfully grown without heat, they must be protected from frost. Many plants from our more northern areas grow in the mountains at higher altitudes which are significantly cooler than the adjacent, coastal lowlands. Temperature is to be thought of in con- junction with air movement and humidity, 24 both of which may be used to modify extreme temperatures. The coastal strip has the very decided advantage of receiving the majority of its abundant rainfall during the warmer months of -the year and having a winter that is relatively mild and dry. This is a situation that is essential in the plant growth cycle. Plants that are allowed to dry out in our high summer temperatures will become distressed very quickly, par- ticularly on days of hot, dry winds; and, conversely, plants that are overwet on cold winter days and frosty nights will also fare very poorly. While mounted plants will benefit from heavy watering during summer, more care must be taken with potted plants and potting media needs to provide excellent drainage. Roots that are kept overwet will deteriorate quickly. It is more beneficial to leave the pots on the dryer side and increase the humidity by wetting down the surrounding area. Mounted plants rarely have problems with drainage. Light intensity plays a very important part in the growth and flowering cycle of the plant. Light requirement or tolerance varies dramatically from species to species and again in Southern Victoria we must compensate for the variations from the natural habitat. The days of our hot, dry summer are longer and less clouded and so are brighter, while our winter days are significantly shorter and much more cloudy. Therefore, while some shading is necessary for most species in summer, many will require the maximum light possible during winter. The nutritional requirements are mini- mal. Plants in nature rely totally on the decaying, vegative or organic matter that is washed into their root system by nature. In cultivation a frequent application of very, weak organic fertilizer is ample. Chemical fertilizers have a tendency to burn root systems, and to build up in porous potting materials to turn them sour which is detrimental to the plants. Growth and flowering cycles are ex- tremely varied and many have very spec- ific seasonal requirements including a totally dry rest period. Others require to be well watered the year around. It is necess- ary to study each species and, as far as possible, to match its natural environment to produce the best from each plant. So, again, just because it’s native does not mean it will grow without some help from you. @ H. Jacobs, Lee Street, STRATFORD, 3862 Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 ADVERTISERS DEADLINE FOR ADVERTISING COPY FOR AUGUST ISSUE IS JUNE 10, 1989. AOE SUBSCRIPTIONS: OVERSEAS ORDERS TO BE PAID INUS DOLLARS OR US DOLLAR EQUIVALENT FOR CREDIT CARDS Graphic World Pty Ltd 14 McGill Street Lewisham NSW 2049 ASIA PACIFIC ORCHID CONFERENCE SEND FOR DETAILS NOW P.O. Box 25 Park Holme S.A. 5043 Phone (08) 298 6689 a BEN 3RD ASIA PACIFIC ORCHID CONFERENCE GAN TA Ss oe IND HAN ID RAOUL UE UGC UVAVALY AUGUST 30 TO SEPTEMBER 4 ¢ 1989 Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 3rd Asia Pacific Orchid Conference Adelaide, South Australia August 30th - September 4th, 1989 REGISTRATION FORM Registrant Titlax eee Namceatet. <5. itu. saasived ses ein VLR Name for Badge.................. (Dr. Prof. Mr. Mrs. etc) (Underline Surname) AdGreSsiimust 0k seem wnr Dot, Ae eR en DL es Country............ Code....... Arrival date........0..0..0.. Flight Number ...............:0008 Departure date................... Exhibitor.....yes/no Judge.....yes/no Is home hospitality required on Sunday 3rd September.....yes/no Schedule of Fees Single Registration: Cocktail Party, Conference Proceedings, Unlimited access to Royal Show and members benefits, Admission to conference lectures, Badge and Satchel. Single $65.00 $ises Double Registration: One satchel, one proceedings plus two of all other items. Double $110.00 panera Transport to Lectures from city hotels Saturday........ $4.00 return Re eres Banquet transport & drinks included.............6.....-....... $45.00 each OF Ae Tour - Wildlife Park, lunch and orchid walkaboult......... SoD100 Saeeaae $eastaen Commercial Selling Space 3m x 3m modules .......... $425.00 each Cet eres Accommodation -Name of hotel required .....cccccccscececsseeceseseeseseee. Accommodation deposit $100 per DerSON ...ceeccecscccecsseesesesesce seseecececesesceee. Sane TOTAL AUSTRALIAN AO earrrreeeee Credit card holders we accept Bankcard and Master card please fill out the following details: WYS1D OF C2UC eorcreccenctetnomeenccuisnsccosenten Card NUMDErSee san A ieee ARS. rere eee ER a Expiry date Namelonicard Es ast «tye ae aha oe eS SiGnatl lense Please address all enquiries and make all payments to: The Secretary A.P.0.C.3 PO Box 25 PARKHOLME SOUTH AUSTRALIA 5043 Telephone (08) 298 6689 Fax (08) 381 8335 26 Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 continued from p. 16 of Oakes Ames.’ Starting in his childhood, Oakes Ames’ interest in plants, wild- flowers and orchids has been docu- mented in various biographical sketches. The booklet tells of how in 1889 when only fifteen, Oakes Ames had commenced the preparation of an orchid herbarium. As well as samples of native orchids, he had prepared pressings of single blooms of exotic orchids, ‘collected ‘from the greenhouses of his father and his father’s cousin. . .’. From the time of their marriage in 1900 Blanche and Oakes Ames operated as a team: ‘... she became the artist of the family almost at once,’ making ‘... virtually all the illustrations for his botanical books.’ For a small 50 page publication ‘Orchids at Christmas’ holds a wealth of interest. In the re-reading for the preparation of this article it has inspired me to seek out a biography of this man and his ac- complishments in and for the world of orchids. Lastly I’d like to mention ‘The Orchid Hunters’ by Norman MacDonald (Farrar & Reinhart Inc. — Printed by Quinn & Boden Com- pany, Inc. New Jersey, U.S.A. — 1933)5 This is the tale of two young men who pursued orchids in an entirely different way to that of Oakes Ames. They renounced ‘the office desk and the pay envelopes, de- cided to hunt orchids!’ They chose Venezuela and Columbia as the ‘sources of the best commercial types of orchids — Cattleya mossiae, trianaei and schroederae’. We abhor the wholesale slaugh- ter and destruction that must have gone on in the early days of orchid collecting, but here is a book pub- lished in 1939: when orders were achieved (in 1937) for 5000 plants of Cattleya trianaei, 4000 plants of C. schroederae and 1000 of C. mossiae! Really, we haven't pro- gressed far when one takes time to reflect on the present situation. Now it’s not only the plants being removed, but their entire habitat being decimated. | wonder just what kind of a world we are leaving for our children. However, be that as it may, ‘The Orchid Hunters’ provides a picture of just what befell collectors in general, and these two young men in particular, in their chosen em- TAMBORINE MOUNTAIN ORCHIDS 158 Long Road, (P.O. Box 4) Eagle Heights, Queensland 4271 Telephone (075) 45 1303 Importers and Hybridisers of QUALITY ORCHIDS Cattleys-Cymbidiums-Japanese Dendrobiums- Miscellaneous — in both Seedlings and Mericlones. (CLOSED SUNDAYS) 1989 CATALOGUE available on request (Please include 39c stamp) N.S.W. Central Coast Agents Wyong Orchid Nurseries Basford Road, Lake Munmorah, N.S.W. 2259 Telephone (043) 58 8563 Open every day FRANK SLATTERY ORCHIDS OF MERIT 12 EDDYSTONE ROAD, BEXLEY, NSW 2207. PHONE 50 7985 (Off Stoney Creek Road, opposite Bexley Park) You are invited to call and inspect a large selection of various genera, including first class Cattleyas, Cymbidiums, Odontoglossums, Paphiopedilums, and all types of orchids suitable for bush and glasshouse. We publish regular listings of stock on hand — (Please enclose 60c for listings). “CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS, NAMES AND PARENTAGE”. New edition — complete to July 1983. Price $3.00 per copy plus 70c postage. Also new addendum July 1983 to December 1986. Price $2.50 posted. “THE NEW BOOK FOR ORCHID LOVERS” in colour. Price $5.00 per copy plus 90c postage. OPEN SEVEN DAYS WEEKLY We carry large stocks of all types of orchids suitable for shade and glasshouse culture. We also stock fertilizers, ready-mixed compost, all types of sprays including ‘Physan’, water brakes and extension handles, sphagnam moss (Tasmania) and Dundas sprinklers for watering and misting. Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 a ce ee ployment other than an office. Provided one leaves aside the emotive issue of conservation and preservation this book can be en- joyed. The reader participates in climbing a jungle giant, knows the agony of encountering stinging ants, the revulsion of a face-to-face confrontation with a poisonous snake, and the hazard of maybe meeting up with a hungry jaguar. The cold, dampness, mists of the rainy season; fevers, colds, and the risk of malaria — one sits in a comfortable armchair and experi- ences all this without any of the risks! | hope readers have enjoyed my comments on the above books, and perhaps may even become inspired to seek out copies. Diligent searching in second-hand book- shops could bring to light some or all of the books mentioned. Or they may remain like the must-sought- after black orchid, very elusive! continued from p. 21 side of the foliage I doubt any damage will be caused. Follow up inspections after our test spraying indicated a kill rate near 100%. When using other systemic sprays on paphiopedilums I found that too many plants produced deformities to either the foliage, the flowers, or both. So far no deformities to the plant has been ob- served but it is too soon to say that will not occur. If some deformities do occur, we are still no worse off. OTHER PESTS My tests suggest that if the pest is an insect, then pyrethrum is worth a try. I have no means of confirming what residual effect this substance may have, if any, but it is suggested that there is none. So, maybe at long last I have that SAFE, NON-TOXIC NON- RESIDUAL pesticide I (and no doubt others) have been seeking for many years. For those who wish to perform their own tests, the brand of liquid pyrethrum I tested was Kendon. The percentage of pyrethrum present in this product was 13%. The brand containing 4% of pyrethrum was Hortico. I would presume either continued p. 29 27 continued from p. 8 Otcm Tiger Hambuhren) in bloom. Odtcm. Tiger Hambuhren is a pretty yellow somewhat lacking in substance with a good display of flowers on a branching spike. But crossing it with Odm. bictoniense a transformation occurs. The flowers improve in shape, substance im- proves with a resultant added depth of colour both in the yellow and the brown barrings. We look forward to seeing a remake of this cross using the yellow Odm. bictoniense var. Sulphureum. In 1975 a significant hybrid for the commercial orchid world was registered by Arthur Elle: Odm. Anneliese Rothenberger (x Odm. Goldrausch). The variety “Foricultura” in particular became a top seller in Europe with tens of thousands being cultivated for the potplant market. It would probably have remained a top seller but for a back crossing to Odm. Goldrausch that produced Odm. Burghard Holm, the flowers of which are similar to Anneliese Rothenberger but fuller, brighter in colour and somewhat larger. This has now largely captured the market its pre- decessor once filled. So remember the next time you see it on the show bench, this is straight Odontoglossum breeding and not, as | often see it, judged in “Any Other Genera” as an Odontocidium. To bring things more up to date we will look at a lovely hybrid called Oda. Marguerite Holm. This was bred from the primary hybrid Odm. Bicross (x Odm. rossii). Odm. Bicross was only registered in 1979 and as far as | know has been little used till now. Thephotographshows Odontioda Marguerite Holm “Lyoth Alliance” (Odm. Bicross x Oda. Adolf Rohi), the bright colours and perky charm are obvious. When exhibited in London at the Odontoglossum AI- liance Meeting it won Best Novelty Hybrid against stiff competition. Another variety Oda. Marguerite Holm “Bon Bon” received an AM/ RHS in 1987. The fact that this type of breeding is being recognised by the judges is giving further impetus for hybridizers to explore the exciting possibilities offered by Odm. bictoniense. With the vividness of colour, dark lips and a different look about these flowers, it is not hard to see why they have become much sought after by growers in the U-K and U.S.A. To this you can also add the advan- 28 Woes, tage of a certain primary hybrid vigour associated with less com- plex hybrids. For Australian growers troubled with summers too warm for the more traditional Odontoglossum- Odontioda types, Odm._ bicton- iense appears to impart some toler- ance in this respect particularly when bred to Oncidiums. From Odm. bictoniense you can expect much more yet. Already we have seen very dark colours, so perhaps vini-colour Odontoglossums will emerge and become as popular as vini-colour Paphiopedilums. In the other direction the yellow and green albino forms when used in conjunction with pure colour Odm. hybrids must also offer exciting possibilities. Clive Halls Mt. Beenak Orchids R.S.D. 92 Three Bridges 3797, Vic. Photo Credits: Oam. bictoniense: G. McGraith Odtcm. Bittersweet “Cherry Chip”: Milton Carpenter Oda. Marguerite Holm “Lyoth Al- liance”: C. Halls Odm. Burghard Holm: C. Halls Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 IV. Oda Marguerita Holm a yoth Alliance’ Champion Novelty Odont. continued from p. 27 SUNSHINE ORCHID NURSERY 2034 ROGHAN RD, BALD HILLS, BRISBANE, 4036 TELEPHONE (07) 263 4902 (Closed Sundays) EVERYTHING FOR ORCHID GROWERS AMATEUR AND PROFESSIONAL Write for our full catalogue which includes a wide range of plants, flasks and accessories. Mail Orders Processed Promptly (Discounts for Quantity) YES — OUR MODERN LABORATORY UNDERTAKES CUSTOM FLASKING (Both Commercial and Private) to water. solution is easy. litre of water. pyrethrum in the solution. of predator mite populations. AND FOR TOP SHOWBENCH RESULTS USE OUR LONG LASTING Sterilised and Treated Orchid Bark AVAILABLE IN FIVE (5) GRADES (FULL DETAILS IN OUR CATALOGUE) BANKCARD, MASTERCARD AND VISA CARDS ACCEPTED containing it @ AT DINGLEY FERN MARKET WE DO NOT EVEN PRETEND TO GROW ORCHIDS BUT “BOY” DO WE EVER NO BULL SELL ORCHIDS Our team of dedicated professionals buy the best available orchids from some of the top breeders and growers in Australia on a weekly basis. This ensures that there is always fresh, interesting, new stock on hand. Unfortunately, due to our rapid stock turnover, we are unable to produce lists or mail order. if YOU would like to become one of our prestigious suppliers, please contact us. SO PAY US A VISIT AT: SOLE VICTORIAN AGENT — 233 Centre Dandenong Road Witetnre leet Ovens ‘ j Down Under Native Orchids Dingley, Vic. (Opp. Howard Rd) Orchids International C}an BENS EIN Bs) (0 SOLE MELBOURNE AGENT — Mills Orchid Nursery (S.A) STOCKIST — E VICTORIAN AGENT — Graylane Orchids Bananacoast Orchids Aussie Bark Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 ee nonsense peep WE DO NOT GROW ORCHIDS would be just as effective so long as the correct amount of each liquid was added To find the equivalent of 6 ml. of 13% If the 4% solution is used then just divide 13 by 4 and multiply the answer by 6. E.g. 13 divided by 4 = 3.25. 3.25 x 6 = 19.5. So the equivalent amount of 4% solution needed is 19.5 ml. per To convert other dilution rates simply replace the figure 4 in the above exam- ple with the new specified percentage of I would be interested to receive the results of similar tests made by others, and I would be most interested if any one can confirm our observations on the effect of temperature on the movement Copyright, but may be reproduced with- out permission providing it is printed unchanged and in total, and the author receives a free copy of any publication Lot 18 Dandenong-Hastings Road, Langwarrin Vic. Phone: (03) 782-2668. A®- 29 SHOW DATES VICTORIA Australasian Native Orchid Society SPRING: Saturday 30th September 11 am- 6pm and Sunday Ist October 9 am-4 pm. National Herbarium, Birdwood Avenue, South Yarra. Melway Map 58, A.1. Geelong Orchid & Indoor Plant Club Inc. WINTER: 3rd & 4th June, Saturday 3rd 1 pm- 5 pm, Sunday 4th 10 am-5 pm. St John’s Hall, Myers Street, Geelong. SPRING: 30th September & Ist October, Saturday 1 pm-9 pm, Sunday 10 am-5 pm. Centenary Hall Cox Road, Norlane. Melbourne Eastern Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: World of Orchids. 5th-8th October, Thursday, Friday, Saturday 9 am-9 pm, Sun- day 1i10am-Spm. Mechanics _ Institute, Oakleigh. Mornington Peninsular Orchid Society Inc. WINTER: Mornington Peninsular Cranbourne Park Show, Monday 7th to Saturday 12th August. Normal Shopping Centre Hours. Cranbourne Park Shopping Centre, High Street, Cranbourne. SPRING: Mornington Peninsular Orchid So- ciety Inc. Show, Saturday 7th to Sunday 8th October. Saturday 9am-6pm and Sunday 10am-5 pm. Frankston High School As- sembly Hall, Tower Hill Road, Frankston. NSW & ACT Berowra Orchid Society SPRING: Friday 15th September 12 noon- 9pm, Saturday 16th September 9 am-9 pm. Berowra Community Centre, Gully Road, Berowra NSW. Blue Mountains & District Orchid Society WINTER: Ist June 9am-9 pm, 2nd June 9am-7.30 pm, 3rd June 9am-4.00 pm. Penrith Plaza Shopping Centre. SPRING: 9th September 12 noon-5 pm, 10th September 9am-4pm. The Melrose Hall, Emu Plains. Byron District Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: 15th-16th September 9 am-5 pm. Mullumbimby United Church Hall. Casino and District Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: 22nd September 9 am-6 pm, 23rd September 9 am-4.30 pm. R.S.L. Hall, Can- terbury Street, Casino 2470. Featuring THE CHAMPION ORCHID OF SUMMERLAND also Bromeliad Display. R.S.L. Hall, Canter- bury Street, Casino. City of Lismore Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: 7th September 9 am-7.30 pm, 8th September 9 am-6 pm, 9th September 9 am- 7pm, 10th September 9 am-3 pm. City Of 30 Lismore Orchid Society Inc., Ballina Street, Lismore. Cumberland Orchid Circle WINTER: 29th June 9am-9 pm, 30th June Qam-5pm, Ist July 9am-4pm. Castle Towers Shopping Centre. SPRING: 30th August 9am-5pm, 3lst August 9 am-9 pm, Ist September 9 am-5 pm, 2nd September 9am-4pm. Castle Towers Shopping Centre. Great Lakes Orchid Society WINTER: 8th-10th June 9 am-5 pm. Kmart Shopping Village. SPRING: 30th September & Ist October 9 am- 5 pm. Forster Primary School, Middle Street. Illawarra District Orchid Society WINTER: 13th July 9am-9 pm, 14th July Qam-Spm, 15th July 9am-12 noon. Westfield Shopping Complex, Warrawong. SPRING: 31st August 9 am-9 pm, Ist Septem- ber 9 am-5 pm, 2nd September 9 am-12 noon. AUTUMN: Ist June 9am-9 pm, 2nd June 9 am-S. pm, 3rd June 9 am-12 noon. Mullumbimby Orchid Society SPRING: Byron District Orchid Society Inc. 15 & 16th September. 9 am-5 pm. Mullum- bimby United Church Hall. Nambucca Valley Orchid Society SPRING: 8th September 9 am-8 pm, 9th Sep- tember 9 am-4 pm. Nambucca Entertainment Centre, Ridge St, Nambucca Heads. North Shore Orchid Society SPRING: 28th-30th August 9 am-5 pm, 3lIst August 9 am-9 pm, Ist September 9 am-6 pm, 2nd September 9am-4 pm. Lemon Grove Shopping Centre, Victoria’ = Avenue, Chatswood. Northern Rivers Orchid Species Society SPRING: 26th & 27th September 9 am-9 pm, 28th September 9 am-12 noon. Species show ONLY. Lismore Shopping Square. Orchid Society of Canberra SPRING: 9th September 12 noon-5 pm, 10th September 9 am-4 pm. Phillip College, Laun- ceston Street, Phillip, ACT. Panania-Fast Hills (R.S.L.) Orchid Society SPRING: -9th September 10.30 am-4.30 pm. Panania Senior Citizen’s Centre, Cnr Ander- son Avenue & Peffer Street, Panania. Southern Riverina Orchid Society SPRING: Spring Show 8am to 5pm, 9am to Spm QUEENSLAND Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 Maroochydore Orchid Society SPRING: 3rd, 4th, Sth August. 8.30 am-5 pm, 3rd & 4th; 8.30 am-3 pm Sth. Maroochydore (Butts) Shopping Centre, Duporth Avenue, Maroochydore. Tropical Queensland Orchid Council Meetings held in Townsville in March and November Conference held in June (Queen’s Birthday Weekend) Host Society 1989 — TULLY. Wynnum Manly District Orchid Society Inc. Saturday, 29th September and Sunday Ist October. R.S.L. Hall, Melville Terrace, Manly, Qld. WESTERN AUSTRALIA Albany Orchid Society WINTER: 27th-29th July (venue not known). SPRING: 2Ist-23rd September (venue not known). Augusta and Districts Orchid Society SPRING: [5th-16th September. CWA Hall, Augusta. Bunbury Orchid Society WINTER: 26th-29th July. Bunbury Forum Shopping Centre, Bunbury. SPRING: 27th-30th September (venue to be advised). Esperance Orchid Society SPRING: 6th September (venue not known). Geraldton Orchid Society No shows planned 1989. Melville Districts Orchid Society WINTER: 1[5th-16th July. Roy Edinger Hall, Melville. SPRING: 2nd-3rd September. Roy Edinger Hall, Melville. Mandurah Orchid Club SPRING: 16th-17th September. Centre, Mandurah. DISPLAY ONLY: 2nd-Sth August. KMart Shopping Centre, Mandurah. Aquatic Northern Districts Orchid Society WINTER: 27th-29th July. Belmont Shopping Centre, Belmont. SPRING: (To be advised). AUTUMN _ DISPLAY: — 18th-20th Dianella Shopping Centre, Dianella. May. Orchid Society of Western Australia WINTER: 29th-30th July. Collins St. Hall, South Perth. SPRING: 13th-16th September. Metro Maddington Shopping Centre, Maddington. South Eastern Orchid Society of W.A. SPRING: 26th-27th August. Kelmscott Agri- SHADE CLOTH STILL THE CHEAPEST Queensland’s largest range of shade cloth in green, black, brown and white. Top quality guaranteed. 1800mm (6’) Knitted Perm per50mroll $3.50 $155 $3.95 $175 $4.90 $210 50% 70% 80% 3600mm (12’) Knitted perm per50mroll $7.00 $310 $7.90 $350 $9.80 $420 50% 70% 80% PRICE © RITE NEWMARKET OS oar ry ae 176 Enoggera Rd, Newmarket, Q. 4051 Ph (07) 356 0162 Country Orders Welcome. P.O. Box 860, Toowoomba, 4350 Phone 076 96 7279 A ORCHIDS Ss LABORATORIES FLASKING SERVICE SPECIALISING IN EXOTIC AND AUSTRALIAN NATIVES SEND STAMP FOR LIST MAIL ORDERS OUR SPECIALTY SEE YOU AT THE TOOWOOMBA ORCHID SPECTACULAR & CONFERENCE 17TH — 24TH SEPTEMBER 1989 ins Valley Our quality stock includes: Latest Mini Cats, Equitant Oncidiums, Antelope and Full- shaped Dendrobiums, Vandas and Ascocendas, Warm- growing Miltassas, Miltonias Phalaenopsis. If there is something special you are looking for, why not phone or write, we would be delighted to help. Imported plants arriving all the time from Malaysia, Hawaii, Philippines. Write for our latest catalogue (enclose stamp). WHEN ONLY THE BEST WILL DO! FOR THE BIGGEST COLLECTION OF ORCHIDS IN NORTH QUEENSLAND. PO BOX 196, GORDONVALE 4865. PHONE (070) 56 1727 ALL HOURS. Nursery address: LITTLE MULGRAVE RIVER ROAD, LITTLE MULGRAVE. Efficient, experienced packing and despatch with daily connections per national airlines and Skyroad Transport to your door. Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 cultural Hall, Kelmscott. Wanneroo Districts Orchid Society WINTER: 6th-8th July. Whitford Shopping Centre, Whitfords. SPRING: 7th-9th September. Whitfords Shop- ping Centre, Whitfords. DISPLAY ONLY: 24th-25th June. Lesser Hall, Wanneroo Shire Offices, Wanneroo. TASMANIA Launceston Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: 6th October 2 pm-9 pm, 7th October 9.30 am-9 pm, 8th October 9.30 am-6 pm. 1989 spring show coincides with our 11th Tasmanian Conference. The Launceston Or- chid Society are hostesses. Litchfield Orchid Club. AUTUMN: Freds Pass Show. 20th & 2\st May 89, 9am-6pm. SPRING: Palmerston Orchid Display, Date to be set possibly Oct ‘89. A BRAZILIAN ORCHIDS AND BROMELIADS Plants and Seeds CATALOG No. 80 offers around 3,000 true-to-name different ORCHIDS and BROMELIADS, and con- tains nearly 400 illus- trations (also in colour), will be sent for US$5.00 by air mail. Payments exclus- ively by cash, or cheque payable in NEW YORK, by | any bank. We supply also seeds of PHILODENDRUM, PALMS AND OTHER FOLI- AGE PLANTS AND HAVE GUARANTEED SINCE 1906 our products. ALVIM SEIDEL Orquideario Catarinense PO Box 1, 89280 CORUPA, Sta. Catarina, Brazil. 31 It’s Great, It's ‘Bloomin’ Great Give It A Go Mate, Aussie Its Bark from rs The latest and the best Phalaenopsis POLWOOD PTY. LTD. from ABC Orchids, Taiwan for showbench and cut flowers (PRODUCERS OF TREATED PINE BARK) Telephone (071) 215737 Fax: (071) 23 1725. Quality guaranteed, boiled and limed. Ph neutral. Impurities removed, chunky, and long lasting. No need to soak in nutrients in Fungicides, it is ready for instant use. 4 grades available, single bags over 2cft. For more information call Saltwater Creek Nursery. Ph (071) 21 5737, or call your nearest agent, they will be glad to be of service to you. Dis- counts for quantity. Breeding Line and Flower Count can be verified on request. WHITE P. Mount Kaala ‘Elegance’ x self Good shaped large white P. Winter Kaala x self one of the very few fragrant and alee good textured whites sau WOOD PTY. L N.S.W. Ph distribut gy TWATER CREEK NURS Evelin Orchids ay aa oe eae BAY RD, WHITE WITH vice (045) 66 8243. y RED LIP P. Su’s Red Lip x self Dtps Odoriko x self Both selfings have Long Sprays with heavy textured flowers AGENTS: BLUE MOUNTAINS Valley Heights Orchids Farm Margaret & Dough Hall, 54 Great Western Highway, Valley Heights, NSW 2777. Ph (047) 51 5757. BRISBANE Humpybong Nursery, 38 Collins Street, Woody Point, Qld. 4019. Ph (07) 284 3283. % ee bel PINK Ree Ee eT ECE Ge faNewEaglegaccl raham & Mary Coo ynsfor rina : BRISBANE Vk Fens bar les, (aan ry 108 Bale i epton Bay. Ph (7) 203 48 Large and very good shaped Pinks jeaffe’s Orchids Nursery, Percy Shea’ He ingal Street, Brunswick Heads, (066) 85 1387. BUNDABERG Produce Traders, 33a Woondooma St, Bundaberg, 4670. Ph (071) 71 3826. P. New Eagle x P. Mount Kaala BOWEN Riverdale Orchid Nursery, M.J. Edgerton, Bootooloo Rd, Bowen 4805. Ph L077 85 2170. Elegance CAIRNS Limberlost Nursery, Old Smithfield Road, Freshwater, Caims. Ph (070) 55 1262. Expect large soft Pinks CAIRNS Cairns Bulk Landscaping Supplies. 169 Hartley Street, Cairns 4870. Ph (070) 51 5167. COFFS HARBOUR Banana Coast Nursery (Sandy Andersen) Heams Lake Rd, Woolgoolga. Ph (066) 54 1183. DARWIN Lakeside Orchids, Lloyd & Win Kent, Lot 31 Nottage Road, Bees Creek, N.T. ae i (089) 88 1004. GLADSTONE Hyne & Son Pty. Ltd., Crn. Side '& Yaroon Streets, Gladstone. Ph (079) 72 1555. S TRIP ES GYMPIE Ber! y Pedersen, 12 Widgee Crossing Road, Gympie. Ph (071) 882 2814. GOLD COAST Sure Crop ‘Nursery, Alan & Dorothy Kraschnefski, Nerang Broadbeach Rd, feieh Ph (075) 58 1861. P. Happy Valentine x Judy HERVEY BAY Yallaroo Nursery, Gordon Cook, Maryborough Rd Pialba. Ph (071) 28 15 Champion INGHAM Hilder’s Toobanna Garden Centre, 18km South Bruce Highway. Ph (077) 77 00. IPSWICH Trevor Grewar, 27 Nolan Street, Raceview, 4305. Ph (072) 81 9619. P. Darling Taiwan x Matou Freed KURRAJONG Growing Point Nursery, 12 Ala Moana Rd, Kurrajong, NSW 2758. Ph (045) 73 1857. , DSMoRe Summerland Orchids & hie Plants, Bob Wilson, 15 Ellis Road, Alstonville. Pt (066) 28 0506. Commercial Flask approx DA Stocker’s Nursery, Millaa Millaa Rd, Malanda, Nth Qld., 4885. Ph (070) 96 5362 30/40 Plants (imported) $45.00 NAMBOUR Graham & Beryl Robertson, MS 1096, Blackall Range Rd Nambour. Ph (071) 42 1913. A NEWCASTLE Mr F. Fear, 97 Fassifern Rd., Blackalls Park, NSW, 2283. Ph (049) 59 2702. Hoaby blask20.t0 ao plants ekuD ROCKHAMPTON Alan Stenlake, 59 Armstrong St, North Rockhampton, 4700. Ph (079) 22 4636. y SARINA Harrison's Nursery, (Jenny) 2 Graham St, Sarina, 4737. Ph (079) 56 1008. (6 months) 20.00 SYONEY fy i reads. Drie N ee said iy feo ti sa 9756, NSW. Ph (045) 66 8243. ite single Eat fee0 velin Orchids, Crn lorthern aughtondale Gully Road, Maroo : j SYDNEY Green Acre Garden Centre, Cin Pandora St, & Juno Parade, ay Acre, Sydney 2190. Ph (02) 750 8493. Skyroad Freight for 3kg 8.50 SYDNEY Sydney Orchids, 38 Engadine Avenue, Engadine, Ph (02) 520 4830. SOUTH AMSRAL Bary Bal 5 Tarn Ae iil 3 ener, 73.185. “owing Point Nursery, 12 Ala Moana urrajong Eas TAMBOURINE Tambourine Mountain Orchids, 158 Long Rd, rae Heights. Ph (075) 45 130. L. M AYER TOWOOMBA Rorafest Orchids, Darling Street, P.0. Box 7011, Toowoomba 4352. Ph (076) 30 1102. AH (076) 34 2953. TUM! UM tla Ochs, jot & Elan aye, Lot 2, Hanes Tani Unb, HSH ZZ6. Ph (4) BB 1785 56 Wood St. eiths Nursery, 26 Gorari St, Idalia, Townsville VICTORIA Collectors Comer Garden Word, Springvale Road, Keyesborough, Victoria 3173. Ph (03) 798 5845. Lane Cove 2066 VICTORIA adie Fern Market, 233 Centre Dandenong Road, Dingley, Victoria, 3172. Ph (03) 551 1868. (02) 427 3659 WOLLONGONG Tevor Bradford, 91 Edworth Avenue, Dapto, NS.W, 2530. Ph (042) 61 2260 Please ring after 5pm 32 Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 Wyone Orcuip Nurseries “N.S.W. Central Coast Orchid Specialists” we oR ARE NOW IN FULL BLOOM! “DAZZLING” DISPLAY OF FLOWERING PLANTS With the nursery’s retirement from the cymbidium bloom export business, full concentration will be placed on the local and mail order business meaning more efficiency and a wider range of orchid genera for you! Cymbidium hybridising will continue, particularly in showbench shape intense colour. Marketing of the range of genera produced by our agencies for Tamborine Mountain Orchids (Q'ld), Wondabas Orchids (N.S.W.), and Down Under Native Orchids (N.S.W,) will be intensified as warranted by these high quality nurseries who we are proud to represent. IN ADDITION!! Wyong Orchids are now preparing to enter the field of orchids not covered by our agencies, to further widen the range available to our customers: Phalaenopsis, Intergenerics, Vandaceous, and a vast range of species. Special facilities are already under construction, and many special parent plants are already being accumulated for future hybridising. CHANGES FOR THE BETTER, WHEN ONLY THE BEST WILL DO!! at Basford Road, Lake Munmorah, N.S.W. 2259 Australia — TEL. (043) 58 8563 oy (Send 78¢ stamp for catalogues) = Welcomenere orchids from Ke CH M TW MMe HARDCANE DENDROBIUM HOBBY FLASKS 5 NEW RELEA Hs eae Collection O 4 00 omprises of... N \N S Realafal Whtespinnniahelineere ooo LY $160 * DEN. AUTUMN SHOW "TERRY’ & AUTUMN Joy NORM AL EEDLINGS Exhibition type bicolours, darker lip. LASKS; 2 K * DEN. OL 'PANDA' X AUTUMN CARNIVAL '2 TONE! 5F PER FLAS Unusual dark splashed petals, contrasting white sepals. * DEN. AUTUMN CARNIVAL 'KEVIN' SX AUTUMN REVIEW Very bright bicolours, white centre. EN. BRIGHT EYES 'KURANDA' X LILY YANG. OFFER ENDS 31st JULY 1989 PLEASE INCLUDE $10 FOR AIR FREIGHT & DELIVERY Hoping for the elusive white with a coloured lip. WE INVITE YOU TO SHARE WITH US, OUR PROGRESSIVE HYBRIDISING PROGRAMME “DENDROBIUMS * VANDAS * CATTLEYAS * PHALAENOPSIS “HOBBY FLASKS *FLASKS “COMMUNITY POTS LOGAN N53 BOO) OF MOMMY FRESHLY PREPARED ORCHID CULTURE MEDIUM IN HOBBY PACKS OR BULK 72 MOUNT PETER ROAD (Corner Mann St. & Mount Peter Rd.) EDMONTON, NORTH QUEENSLAND 4869 PLEASE PHONE: (070) 55 4751 BEFORE VISITING Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 32 ANP CLONING LABORATORIES 34 CHARM ORCHID NURSERY 11 GRANVILLE TCE, MARYBOROUGH Q, 4650 PHONE: (071) 21 5833. Props: C & M Hausknecht. 30 years experience in Orchid culture. Exclusive to Charm: “The Superior Parentages Cattleya Book No2” Top quality orchids imported from Hawaii Seedlings to flowering size Cattleyas, Cattletonias, Dendrobes, intergeneric crosses @ Proven quality Instant Use Boiied Australian Pine Bark Readily available in four grades $13 Bag. @ Wire Hangers PLEASE SEND SAE FOR PRICE LISTS 13A/3 Richard Close, North Rocks. NSW 2151 P.O. Box 337, Carlingford, NSW 2118 Telephone: (02) 630 1876 Independent Tissue Culture Laboratory Available for @ Seed culture @ Mericloning @ Replating Confidentiality Assured Price List on Application Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 MERRELLEN ORCHIDS Ted & Barbara Gregory Specialist breeders of cool growing Aust Natives and Hybrids. Send 37¢ stamp for our 88-89 list. Mail orders our specialty. 181 Oxenford Road, Tamborine Heights, Qld 4271. (075) 45 1576 Cymbidiums, Cattleyas, Dendrobiums & Paphiopedilums Specialists in mail orders If you require quality orchids at reasonable prices then we invite you to visit or phone EVELIN ORCHIDS Cnr Old Northern Rd & Laughtondale Gully Road, Maroota 2756 NSW Australia Phone (045) 66 8243 From Flask to Flowering Size Plants Divisions of quality imported stock Please write or phone for Current lists. ORCHIDS ALWAYS IN FLOWER ‘‘Double U” Orchids Specialising in FLASKS of the very latest in Australian Native Dendrobium and Sarcochilus Hybrids. Please send S.A.E. for List 71 Wesley Street, Elanora Heights, NSW, 2101 Telephone (02) 913 9438 MT PLEASANT ORCHID NURSERY 148 School of Arts Road, Redland Bay, 4165 Qld Phone: (07) 206 7253 Growers and importers of quality plants L.C. Netrasiri Doll ‘Bicentennial’ FCC/CTS. Exciting yellow cluster. A must in every collection. 2” Pots $10.00. L.C. Lisa Ann Jan Hani AM/AOS Joga. Brilliantorange-red. 2” pots $7.00. B.L.C. Dercile Little ‘Chiang’. Bright Red, yellow in Lip. 2” pots $7.00. B.L.C. Dawson City ‘Mendenhall’ AM/AOS. Shades of Rich pink. 2” pots $6.00. Den c.k. Ai ‘Amanda’. Brilliant Red. 2” pots $6.00. Ascda Laksi; 3” pots $12.00. Radiant Red. We are suppliers of American (Sequoia) Orchid Bark $21 per 2 cu ft bag. Nursery hours 9am-4pm. Closed Mondays. *& %& %& & 4 GENERATIONS OF GROWING EXPERIENCE * * * NEW ORCHIDS NEW MANAGEMENT OLD ADDRESS EX McBEANS SITE SHOP HOURS - FRI/SAT/SUN 10A.M. - 6P.M. GRAYLANE ORCHIDS P.L. 256 Jasper Road, McKinnon Vic. Tel.: (03) 578 6182 WIDE RANGE OF IMPORTED AND LOCAL CLONES AVAILABLE SEEDLINGS FROM THE WORLDS FOREMOST HYBRIDIZERS SEND 9 x 4 S.A.E. FOR NEW CATALOGUE LISTINGS. MINI CYMBIDIUMS from Queensland's Gold Coast Specialists in miniature and intermediate cymbidiums including temperature tolerant varieties For list including our exclusive crosses please send stamp to: Arundel Estate Orchids 5 Uplands Drive, Arundel, Gold Coast, Qld, 4214 Nursery open by appointment. Please phone (075) 94 6349 before calling UNUSUAL CYMBIDIUMS BUTTERFLY ‘DILLIBIRRA’ X CLEO'S MELODY ‘FREAKOUT’ Here two unique constant mutations have been united together. Butterfly ‘Dillibirra’ is a yellow standard with red markings on the lip and petals. Cleo’s Melody ‘Freakout’ is the now famous mutant with the sepals reflecting the same markings as the Labellum. CROSSED TOGETHER, EXPECT THE UNUSUAL. FLASK (25 PLANTS) — $40,00 = @.. (ORDERS TAKEN NOW — READY IN AUGUST/SEPTEMBER) db - 38 ENGADINE AVE, ENGADINE 2233 6 7 Sydney Oréhuds AUSSIE BARK!-2 CUBIC FEET BAGS-$20 EACH OR 6 BAGS FOR $105 Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 CRISPINS NATIVE ORCHID NURSERY TELEPHONE (066) 42 4524 _Specialising in Specimen-size Native Orchids Extensive range of cool growing Queensland Natives Flowering size Hybrid Natives Large Range of Staghorns & Elkhorns Dispatch anywhere in Australia SAE for price list to 126 ALICE STREET, GRAFTON, NSW 2460 Tandara Orchids Quality Cattleyas Strong plants from small to flowering sizes Send 39¢ stamp for comprehensive listing. Tandara Orchid Nursery PO Box 235, Tolga, 4882 AT LAST Unbreakable vented polycarbonate containers for Orchid Flasking and Tissue Culture. They are time and money saving and made in two sizes 250ml & 500mI. Available from: P. & O.P. MAY 6 Graham Street, WINDSOR 4030 Brisbane. Phone (07) 857 5844 © HUMPYBONG ORCHID NURSERY 38 Collins Street, Woody Point Queensland 4019 Phone (07) 284 3283 PHALAENOPSIS — CATTLEYA— DENDROBIUM & OTHERS HOBBY FLASKS, COMMERCIAL FLASKS & PLANTS. Our stock is mainly produced from imported mother flasks. Please senda 39c stamp for lists. Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday & Saturday — 9 am to5 pm. Sunday 10 am to 3 pm Closed All Day Wednesday 35 CARINYA ORCHIDS We specialise in + Canaliculatum/Johannis Hybrids * Imported Dendrobiums *kPhalaenopsis Mini Cattleya Hybrids from *Seagulls Landing Orchids, USA. Send stamp for comprehensive listing Post: M.S. 221 Maryborough Q 4650, Phone (071) 29 7358. Orchids NEW ZEALAND Official Magazine of ORCHID COUNCIL OF NEW ZEALAND 6 issues per year of Orchid news and views from across the Tasman Overseas subscription — . Australia and Pacific regions: Surface: NZ$19.00 Airmail: NZ$23.00 Payments to be in NZ$ equivalents. Send Subscription to: Trevor Nicholls P.O. Box 365 Taupo 3300 New Zealand LEGACY We need your help... today more than ever. Please send donations to your nearest Legacy office. 36 TOM HENRY PTY LTD ORCHID SPECIALISTS CYMBIDIUMS CATTLEYAS PAPHIOPEDILUMS Flasks Cymbidium seedlings from one of the Worlds Leading Hybridists— Flasks/Bottles Contain 35-50 Plantlets, that can be transplanted now or left until spring. Terama ‘Yowie Bay’ x Red Beauty ‘June Delight’ Long Spiking June/ July pinks, expected Red Beauty ‘June Delight’ x Winter Wonder ‘Susan Nicholson’ should produce June pinks of outstanding quality Red Beauty ‘June Delight’ x Sylvan Star ‘Flight’ lovely June pinks from this combination. Zuma Boyd ‘Tetra High’ x Thanksgiving ‘Nativity’ 4N Zuma Boyd with 6” Plus Thanksgiving June/July tremendous yellows. For sale $40 Flasks — Frt Extra. Paphio Pedilums For those who want the best. Amanda Hill ‘Mignonette’ Brown & Beautiful $150 Winston Churchill x Dazzler ‘Best Red’ Perfect shaped Red. British Concorde ‘Flash’ Polychrome shapely & colourful Silvara ‘Persephone’ one of the best white silvaras $ 200 $100 $80 All Plants Flowering size—some with sheaths showing. PO Box 71, 25 Ruskin Rowe, Avalon Beach, NSW 2107 Telephone: (02) 918 2504 SWANSEA ORCHIDS 247 Pacific Highway, Swansea, NSW 2281 Ph. (049) 71 1321 Spring release of Cym. LAKE MACQUARIE “WINSOME” AM (Improved Swansea variety) Winner:— Aust. Conference 1984: HCC Best White Cymbidium CHAMPION CYMBIDIUM RES. CHAMPION ORCHID Aust. Conference 1986: AM Best White Cymbidium CHAMPION CYMBIDIUM GRAND CHAMPION ORCHID Aust. Conference 1988: Best White Cymbidium CHAMPION CYMBIDIUM GRAND CHAMPION ORCHID Expo. Conference 1988: Best White Cymbidium CHAMPION CYMBIDIUM RES. CHAMPION ORCHID Mericlones — Single growth $25.00 each. Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 Mandurang ORCHID NURSERY Tannery Lane, Mandurang, Vic. 3551. (8 km from Bendigo) Telephone (054) 39 5273 AUSTRALIAN NATIVE DENDROBIUM HYBRIDS Well established in 4” pots $8 each or 5 for $35 plus freight $9 by Skyroad or by post if requested. Den. Suffusnem Pastel pinks, cream and mauve flowers with darker pink or purple spots on backs of petals (perfumed). Den. Gracious Falcon Large cream flowers with a wonderful perfume. Den. Gillian Leaney Expect pastel pink, mauve and white blooms with purple spotted lips (perfumed). Den. Delicatum Perfumed white flowers on long stems. Den. Kingrose Large mauve flowers on compact plants (perfumed). OPEN 9am-5pm Wednesday to Sunday or by appointment PRICE LISTS AVAILABLE. SRR ee ma, uae ‘ > ace or eiamnane | Why is it that Sarcochilus ceciliae always flowers at its best in the Parramatta area in December, no meetings, only Christmas Parties? Many years ago, (must be about 30) while on a visit with Lorrie Friar of Grafton, we were taken to Glenugie Peak, now called Mt. Elaine, to have a look at a number of natives growing there. Mt. Elaine is situated about 15 km south of Grafton, and is quite a land-mark as it rises rather steeply from a flat wooded area. Using a Landrover, Lorrie took us up a very rough and steep track as far as he could safely negotiate and we then set off on foot to climb to the peak. Mt. Elaine consists of a black granite type of rock which seemed to be harder than blue metal, and the going was very tough. We found and inspected quite a number of different species, but what amazed us was the amount of S ceciliae growing in clefts in the rock-face facing west. The temperature on those rocks must be well above 40° during the summer. Three small plants were carefully removed, packed and brought back to Parramatta. Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 As the plants grew they were repotted into a slightly larger container. They have grown well under our conditions, and at present it is in a 30cm. shallow pan. Last year after the flower spikes had died off, (unfortunately it did not have any keiki) we counted 130. This year it carried 293 flower spikes. Unfortunately by the time our January meeting comes around it will have lost quite a lot of flowers, but this year we notice there is quite a number of late spikes which we hope will hold. E.R. Pauley 37 5 Senne. by Nursery A large range of species and hybrids to suit new growers, serious collectors and those seeking free flowering plants for intermediate to warm conditions. VERY PROMPT MAIL ORDER IS OUR SPECIALTY. Phone or mail orders using Bankcard, Visacard or Mastercard Welcome, including export overseas. We invite you to visit our nursery at 15 HOAD STREET, EARLVILLE, CAIRNS or write (Please include postage stamp) for our latest listing to RO. BOX 404, EARLVILLE, QLD 4871. Ph (070) 54 1746. Fax (070) 33 1746. Specialists in Species Ouchids KEITHS NURSERY FOR SPECIES AND HYBRID ORCHIDS IMPORTERS OF FINE STOCK NOW AVAILABLE M/.C. Aranda Noorah Alsagoff (flowering size, bluish mauve) $25.00 10cm pot V. J.V.B. x ASCO. YELLOW PACIFIC (yellow & orange) $5.50 10cm pot V. J.V.B. x V. FAYE BENNETT (bluish pink) $5.50 10cm pot V. J.V.B. x V. FUCH’S DELIGHT (yellowish pink) $6.50 PLEASE NOTE OUR NEW ADDRESS AND TELEPHONE NUMBER. SEND SAE NOW FOR OUR LATEST CATALOGUE Bankcard, Visa and Mastercard Welcome Oonoonba Road, Idalia Estate, Townsville, 4811. Telephone (077) 78 1329, After Hours (077) 78 2472 IDYenia ere @ Don't be frustrated If your glasshouse Isn't giving the results you want. Contact the fe] EE} glo) UL=Mefe) ah age) fy 0) dey c=) (0) al-] owl al) \-)ee ltl ale Ml (=e UM ol Uh A ColU Mola Maal-Malelatande-lel axel ol-lac-loakelael late) (ole) ale] idle) ale All our units are easy to Install and can be fitted ot aT—Malelan-Marlaleh ir lamidiae Malem =l(-\edg (ofl a] bal ={=fo [fo Fi OUR UNITS ARE: @ ENVIROTROL | Provides precise year round glasshouse temperature control using Inexpensive domestic appliances. @ ENVIROTROL Il! All the features of the ENVIROTROL | plus rlolo[-fo ll cole} molole) late Mefe)aiaae) miolanacerat iialeal-leceelare fale) ate @ ENVIROTROL IV All the features of the ENVIROTROL II! plus extra output to optimise humidity control: @ AUTOVENT | Give completely automatic glasshouse venting when used with any of the ENVIROTROLs. @ HUMITROL | Precision calibrated glasshouse humidistat used to control a humidifier, fogging Jets or special venting systems to control humidity. DEALER ENQUIRIES { WELCOME fmDAPro GLASSHOUSE PRODUCTS PO Box 40 (3 Wiiga Phone (02) 73 525 We also manufacture large control systems for commercial houses — call and talk to us. 38 Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones Phalaenopsis top quality seedlings and stem propagations Paphiopedilum showbench and primary hybrids Cattleyas Cymbidiums Oncidiums- Miltonias Odontoglossum Alliance and Zygopetalums. FREE LIST ON REQUEST. PARADE ORCHIDS PO Box 11 Highbury, South Australia 5089 Phone: Nursery (08) 380 5142. Myall Orchids New Guinea and Australian Ceratobium Dendrobiums including D. bigibbum, D. canaliculatum and D. johannis hybrids. Some New Guinea species. Seedlings to flowering size. Min Korsman 95 TOOLAKEA BEACH ROAD, BLUEWATER QUEENSLAND 4816. (077) 88 6147 ORCHID ENTERPRISES PO Box 2398, Southport, Qld. 4215 PHONE: (075) 53 1924 FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones Cattleyas - Softcanes - Hardcanes Vandaceous - Odont. alliance - species KEIKIGROW PRODUCTS — we are the SOLE Australian agents for Keikigrow Products of Canada. Keikigrow - Stoprot and Rootgrow in stock- 7.5cc at $12.50 Post Paid Send stamp for our current listings. ORCHIDS QUALITY CATTLEYAS Latest EXHIBITION and MINIATURES 50mm to Flowering Some other Genera Available Specialising in Mail Order Visits by Appointment Write or Phone for Free List G. P. & D. E. MOUATT Serpentine Creek Road Redland Bay Qld 4165 PHONE (07) 206 7698 Cattleya Mericlone Flask (30-40 plants/per flask) SM214 Slc. Precious Stones “True Beauty” AM/AOS US$ 40 SM220 Blc. Malworth Sunset “Orchidglade” US$ 50 SM222 Pot. Fuchsia Fantasy “Orchidglade” AM/AOS US$ 6O E. NETRASIRI BEAUTY SM223 _Letna. Roye Field “Caesar's Creek” AM/AOS US$ 50 SM248 Le. Yung Hwa “Venus” AM/AOS-OSROC US$ 60 SM250 Blc. Honolulu Sunset “Waikida” US$ 50 SM253 Ble. Gold of Tainan “South Green” AM/RHS US$ 80 SM257 Slc. Pumpkin Festival “Cheng Ching” AM/OSROC US$ 60 SM261 Le. Rosina Richardson “Sun Moon Beauty” US$100 SM269 Blc. Owen Holmes “Tainan Beauty” US$ 75 SM270 Blc. (Yellow Peril x Malworth) “Sun Moon Beauty” US$ 75 SM276 Blc. Chinese Beauty ‘‘Miss Universe” US$ 80 SM282 Slc. Golden Wax “Wu” US$ 50 SM283 Blc. Toshie Aoki “Pizazz” AM/AOS US$ 40 SM287 Blc. Edisto “Red Fantasy” US$ 60 SM292 Hasegawaara Scully’s Tipperary “The Queen” US$ 50 SM294 Blc. Rattanakosin “Wu” US$ 50 ae SM298__ Sc. Wendy’s Valentine “June” US$ 40 SAR Saea 5M300 Ble. (Pirate King x Purple Ruby) “Tainan Beauty” US$ 75 SM302 Blc. Angkinantana “Tainan Beauty’ US$ 60 SM304 Blc. Bold Ruler “Shonan” US$ 50 SM305_ __C. Califlora “Z1030” US$ 40 SM309 Lc. Men Sangah Chit “Yen” US$ 50 SM310 Blc. Dawson City “Mendenhall” US$ 50 SM311 Blc. (Chine x Fortune) “Sun Moon Beauty” AM/OSROC US$ 95 SM313 Pot. Alyce Kaiser “Orchid Center” US$ 60 SM314 Blc. Frank Fordyce “Borneo Gal” US$ 50 SM318 Blc. [(Yellow Peril x Malworth) x Sunset Bay] “Tainan US$ 100 Beauty” SM361 Blc. Irquois Trail “Midfarm” FCC/AOS US$ 40 SM377 Blc. Owen Holmes “Black Pear!” US$ 70 Blo. Chinese Beauty Discounts: Over US$ 500..........sccscsesssccsesscessscsesees Less 10% “Miss Universe” Over US$1,000....... romomronororntes ereetits Less 15% Special offer: Complete set of above 30 varieties for US$1,400. Please send US$3.00 for latest catalog. Australian & New Zealand Agents wanted. Please contact us for further details. P.O. Box 32, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China Tel: (06) 235 0691 Fax: (06) 236 8811 Blc Rattanakosin “Nonelik” AM/CST Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 39 TAIDA HORTICULTURAL CO. LTD. TEL: (048) 52 4042/52 7335 FAX: (048) 52 7682 GOOD QUALITY AT A REASONABLE PRICE!! TAIDA ORCHIDS © The best quality of the cutflower multi-flower cool tolent good texture , %y “ : | ~~ A541 P. GOLDEN EMPEROR ‘SWEET’ FCC/AOS, FCC/OSROC U.S. Patent No 4715. Taiwan Commercial Trade Mark No. 251729, 13266, 1327 Mericlones: Second blooming size * Blooming size * Now they are instantly supply for every hobbyist and nursery. Near blooming size ~* 2” Pot size ‘“ Our company had getted all P. Golden Emperor ‘Sweet’ plants and patent privilege in the world from Mr. Kwo of Sweet Orchid. NOTE: Propagation and sale of this variety is prohibited by U.S. patent laws in the United States and international plant patent signatory nations. We supply quality hybrids and mericlones of the other Phalaenopsis from flask to blooming size. Available color: White, Pink, White with red lip and other art shades. (Yellow, Spot, Stripe). Our price will be easy accepted. Minimum order U.S. $200.00. Please add U.S. $40.00 for CITIES, Handling, Shipping and Airmail postage charge. Reference Bank: Bank of Taiwan, Yuanlin Branch. A/C No. 049001105878 No. 100. Sec. 3, Chung Shan Road, Da Tsun $1506 Chang Hwa, Taiwan, R.O.C. Any 3 of the following 4 tetraploid cymbidium flasks for $100 + $12 overnight delivery. Each flask has 30-35 seedlings ready to plant out now. 0594 (Winter Wonder x Lunara) Judy’ x Trigo Royale ‘Sunny’ — Superb strong yellows in June. 0609 Robert Rowe ‘No 1’ x Lancashire Rose ‘Maureen’ — Rich rose pinks for early Spring Shows. 2343 Claude Pepper ‘Orange’ x (Cariga x Tom Thumb) ‘Peter’ — Spectacular yellow and orange intermediates for Winter Shows. 2332 (Dolly x Alegria) ‘Free’ x Palace Court ‘Royal Blush’ — Superb white intermediates in June and July. This offer valid until July 31 only. There are many plants for sale in our display area at the nursery ranging from community pots to flowering plants. Come and see our everchanging range. A comprehensive flask, community pot and 3” pot list is available for mail order customers. ea CARIGA x TOM THUMB ‘PETER’ 40 Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 For many years we have been testing the possibilities of breeding Cattleya alliance hy- brids which will grow in temperatures as low as 3 deg C., in an enclosed house, and our latest catalogue contains a range of hybrid seedlings which have been bred from parents grown continuously and flowered under such con- ditions for AT LEAST 6 years. Hybrids bred from Sophronitis tolerate cold conditions, and they also have magnificent colour. Another characteristic is miniature plant habit. We will be specializing in this area. GLENWOOD ORCHIDS PTY. LTD. Lot 18 Dandenong-Hastings Road Langwarrin, Vic. 3910 Phone (03) 782 2668 BUSINESS HOURS: Closed Mondays Open: Tues to Sat 1pm to 4.30pm Sun & all Holidays 10am to 4.30pm Introducing Sophronitis wittigiana (species) Our LATEST range of CATTLEYA alliance seedlings in FLASKS is offered in our NEW “1989 OTHER GENERA CATALOGUE (#2)". Whether you require cool growing Cattleyas, miniature grow-Cattleyas, cluster Cattleyas, splash petal Cattleyas, cut flower Cattleyas or Cattleyas of any type we are certain that we will have something in our new catalogue to suit. Flasks are currently available in 2 sizes: 20 or 40 plants, but we are about to introduce a selected range of “hobby flasks” containing 10 seedlings. Individual Cattleya alliance seedlings will be available ex-stock, later in the year. Our new catalogue is available now. Please write, phone, or call in for a copy. WHOLESALE and QUANTITY discounts given. VISITORS ARE ALWAYS WELCOME during the hours, above. For a copy of our catalogues, etc. please contact us DIRECT. Please advise us which orchid genera you grow so the correct catalogue(s) can be sent. ARANBEEM ORCHIDS “The Orchid Centre of Australia” CATTLEYAS FOR CONTRAST. Cattleyas surpass all other types of orchids with their unlimited range and easy culture. The following plants represent a quality selection and all are well grown healthy plants 1-2 growth from flowering. Bic. American Heritage ‘Tetra’ AM/AOS (100mm pots, $15ea.). Large yellow with red in lip. Le. Gila Wilderness ‘Grandeur’ (100mm pots, $15ea.). Large white with red purple splashed petals and lip. Bic. Segundina Vizcarra ‘Carmela’ (100mm pots, $15ea.). Large white with purple stripes on sepals and petals. C. Suavior Aquinii ‘Kosaki’ (100mm pots, $15ea.). Medium pink with cream and purple splash petals. Sic. Hazel Boyd ‘Royal Scarlet’ AM/AOS (75mm pots, $15ea.). Medium scarlet from compact plants. Bic. Orange Show ‘Cloud Forest’ (100mm pots, $15ea.). Medium bright orange from compact plants. fe. Fire Dance ‘Patricia’ (100mm pots, $15ea.). Clusters of orange with red in ip. BI. Richard Mueller ‘Orchidheights’ (75mm pots, $15ea.). Clusters of yellow with maroon spotted lip. SPECIAL OFFER The above collection of 8 plants sent FREIGHT FREE for $105. (Other orders add $10 Despatch and Packing). Bic. Erin Koba yashi ‘Lahaina Gold’ AM/AOS SPECIAL RELEASE 50mm tubes — $7ea Com.pots — $45ea. Plant Listings are issued regularly and posted FREE on request. Priests Rd. (RO. Box 96), Deception Bay, Brisbane 4508 Phone (07) 888 3637 Nursery Hours: Mon. to Sat. 8am-5pm. Closed Sundays and Public Holidays Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 ORCHID SPECIAL A&B FERTILISERS Food for all Orchid Species Crystalline — fully water soluble — _ especially manufactured for better orchids. Rich in 8 essen- tial mineral trace elements. ORCHID SPECIAL A (Yellow Compound) 11.13.16 Applied at initiation of flower spikes and continued through to the end of flowering. The high phosphorus and potassium and the low nitrogen content stimulates flowering and ensures a better bloom. ORCHID SPECIAL B (Blue Compound) 30.4.8 For established plants, applied at completion of flowering through to initiation of flower spikes Young and developing orchids should be fed regularly the whole year. The high nitrogen stimulates plant growth and plant vigour. Packed in 500g 3kg and 30kg units. Periodic feeding 15 g in 5 litres of water. Regular feeding 2 g in 5 litres of water. Campbell Orchid Special A & B Fertilisers “just for good orchids” For the name of your local supplier contact: NSW: Canfel (02) 533 3417. Frank Slattery Orchids (02) 50 7985, Lagoon Nursery (02) 982 9849. VIC: Fertool Distributors (03) 793 3844. QLD: Burnell Agencies (07) 394 2211. WA: Nurserymens Supplies (09) 353 2536. SA: Munns (08) 293 2442, Lawlors (08). SHOWBENCH SUCCESS ASSURED /LARGE, FAST GROWING, FREE FLOWERING Superb Quality Mericlones Cym. CLAUDE PEPPER ‘PYES PA’ 4N AM/AOS — Excellent shaped rich brown spring standard Size A Cym. COALFIRE ‘FLASHPOINT’ 4N — Superb deep red with delicate yellow margin August standard Size A Cym. FLORIPINK ‘FIORINA’ — Beautiful soft pink imported Dutch July standard Size B Cym. IRON KNOB ‘HAMPSTEAD*‘ — Unusual clear brown fine shaped spring standard Size B Cym. ROLF BOLIN ‘CHARCOAL’ — Large & showy “‘Charcoal Grey’’ spring standard Size B Cym. SUMMER PEARL ‘SITA’ — April flowering imported Dutch clear white intermediate Size B Cym. SUMMER PEARL ‘SONIA’ — April flowering imported Dutch pretty pink —_ intermediate Size A Cym. TETHYS ‘BLACK PRINCE’ HCC/AOS B/CSA — Shiny red (almost black) American spring standard Size A Cym. TRACY REDDAWAY ‘SUNGOLD’ — Newly imported Dutch shapely electric yellow July standard Size A SEND $12.50 ea. size A & $15.00 ea. size B for these LIMITED NEW RELEASES Please include $9 for air freight. Orders over $100 FREIGHT FREE! Bank/Mastercard welcome. Quote name, number and expiry date. 43 9636. TAS: Horticultural Supplies (003) 34 1244. Agent cna Te geen. NT: Tropigro (089) 84 3200. Our ES So aaa Sia Orchids A product of ? rs 4 COLIN CAMPBELL (CHEMICALS) PTY. LTD. EASY ORCHIDS 5 Blackfriar Place, Wetherill Park, NSW 2164 . x Telephone (02) 725 2544. Fax: (02) 604 7768 5 Richman Ave, Prospect SA 5082 ] | ' | P.O. Box 789, Smithfield NSW 2164 } | | FLASK REPLATES Cape Oasis A new departure in flask sales for Mt. Beenak Orchids. We now have many crosses in the ODONTOGLOSSUM ALLIANCE and ZYGOPETALUM GROUP germinating at the laboratory. As we are not sure how big the demand will be, we are only going to sell by prior order. As germination reports come in from our laboratory we will advertise those that show sufficient quantity of seedlings and replate accordingly. Delivery time for this group is expected to be Spring 1989. Orders taken in strict rotation. A deposit of 15% with your order. Flasks are planted 20 seedlings per flask. 10 or more flasks in one order less 10%. MB23 (Oda. Heatonensis x Milt. spectablis) ‘Purple Star’ x Odm. bictoniense ‘Beenak’ New Vuylstekeara’s bred with 4 distinct species. Tall stems of purple mauve flowers with attractive pink lips. $40.00 MB18 Odm. Sheraton (Odm. bictoniense ‘Beenak’ x Odm. harryanum ‘Geyserland’) Only recently named | have not seen any of this cross myself. A classic primary hybrid that will be easy growing and floriferous. Bronze red shades & violet lips. $40.00 ZYGOPETALUM HYBRIDS Z30 Zygo. Arthur Elle ‘Stunner’ x Zygo. Helen-Ku ‘Greeny’ Something different using our very dark Arthur Elle on to the smaller nearly all green Helen-Ku. $35.00 Phone Glenn Heylen (08) 344 4255 Weatherby Rd, Mt. Molloy, N.Q. 4871 Phone: (070) 94 1146 We now have a separate MAIL ORDER ORCHID LIST including species & hybrids in Cattleya, Dendrobium, Vanda, Oncidium, Epidendrum, Spathoglottis & Others Our general plant list including exotic foliage, Cycads, Bamboos, conservatory Palms etc. is still available on request. Props: Peter Pal & Sue Holcombe Nursery visits by appointment MERICLONING SERVICE WE PROPAGATE MOST ORCHID GENERA Please contact us regarding your specific requirements (which gen- era are to be cloned, etc.) and we will provide advice and informa- tion on plant material needed. Flora Propagation Laboratories 18 Mundy St., Mentone, Melbourne Vic. 3194 (03) 584 2087 Z18 Zygo. Waringal Wonder ‘Best’ x Zygo. Titanic ‘May Time’ We picked this Waringal Wonder from hundreds flowered. Tall steam with 10 or more flowers and very bright colouring. The Titanic was large and dark. $35.00 Z19 Zygo. Waringal Wonder ‘Best’ x Zygo. B.G. White ‘Rona’ Expect very dark colours from these. Good flat well presented flowers, with flower count of 6-8. $35.00 221 Zygo. Waringal Wonder ‘Best’ x Zygo. John Banks ‘Purple Lips’ This John Banks has proved itself time and time again to produce first class results. Good general colour with outstanding colour in the labellum. $35.00 For flask lists and plant catalogues write to: MT. BEENAK ORCHIDS, Clive & Agi Halls, R.S.D. 92, Three Bridges, Vic. 3797 Phone: (059) 66 7253 42 Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 HONORARY EDITOR: David R. Wallace EDITORIAL COMMITTEE: A. Alvis, D. Banks, G. Hansen, A. Merriman, D.R. Wallace. ADDRESS EDITORIAL TO: The Editor, Australian Orchid Review, 14 McGill Street, Lewisham NSW _ 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166. EDITORIAL ASSOCIATES: QUEENSLAND: Mr Frank Oelkers, 419 Robinson Road, Beebung 4034. NORTH QUEENSLAND: Mr Ray Robinson, P.O. Box 129, Townsville 4810. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: MrS. A. Monkhouse, P.O. Box 1 O’Halloran Hill 5155. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mr Rob Manning, 16 Cromer Road, Brentwood, Perth, 6153. TASMANIA: Mr Nicholas, 7 Kelvin Avenue, Moonah 7009. INTERNATIONAL: Mr G. H. Slade, Box 797 Vila. Vanuatu The Official Publication of the Orchid Society of New South Wales, Queensland Orchid Society, Victorian Orchid Club, Orchid Club of South Australia, Orchid Society of Western Australia, Tasmanian Orchid Society. TO JOIN AN ORCHID SOCIETY contact these secretaries: ACT: Mrs Judy Osborne, 5 Ambalindum Street, Hawker 2614. Phone: (062) 54 4475. NSW: Miss B. Oldfield, 61 Mountford Avenue, Guildford 2161. Phone: (02) 6325712. QUEENSLAND: Mrs Noela Parsons, G.P.O. Box 2002 Brisbane 4001. Phone: (07) 273 1127. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. Phone: (03) 580 4917. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Mr Glen Heylen, Box 730 G.P.O. Adelaide 5001. Phone: (08) 44 4255. WEST AUSTRALIA: Mrs L. Manning, P.O. Box 1122, Booragoon, 6153. Phone: (09) 364 7968. TASMANIA: Mr J. F. Smith, 11 Warren Court, Howrah 7018. Phone: (002) 44 1555. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Honorary Secretary, P.O. Box 38493, Winnellie 5789. Phone: (089) 32 1977. Published and printed by GRAPHIC WORLD PTY LTD. 14 Me Gill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166 Fax: (02) 560 6677 While the Proprietors of the Australian Orchid Review endeavour to assure the reliability of advertising and editorial, neither the Proprietors of the “Australian Orchid Review” nor the Editor and the affiliated Orchid Societies can assume responsibility for the advice or transaction between advertisers and readers. GROWING POINT ORCHIDS 12 Ala Moana Rd, E. Kurrajong 2758 TEL. (045) 73 1857 Mini & Inter Cymbids, greens, pinks, yellow, reds etc. Phalaenopsis in spike and flower, suitable pot plant or cut flower. Compact Cattleya SLC Hazel Boyds, red, yellow, & Autumn shades. BLC’s White with purple splash, lavender, red with yellow edging, etc. Other stock include dendrobes, Zygopetalum, Stanhopea, Oncidium. TAKE A DAY TO LEARN basic orchid seed sowing classes will be held July 8th & 9th, 22nd and 23rd. We only take 5 people at a time so ring or write for details quickly. The course is ‘hands on’ you have your own work area for the day. Please phone before visiting — send 39c stamp for list. Buy, sell or swap. Five lines CA OANEISy thirty words) for only 20 Each additional line (approximately six words) $3. ORCHID STUDY COURSE by core- spondence. 140 other courses including propa- gation, greenhouse management, tissue cul- ture, wholesale nursery. Details from A.H.C.S. 264 Swansea Rd, Lilydale. Ph (03) 736 1882. W.H. NICHOLS classic ‘Orchids of Aus- tralia’? (1969) ex library of late John Neild, excellent condition, $350. Aust. Orchid Review complete 1945/66, seven bound vol- umes, indexed. $300 o.n.o. Contact Anne Neild, (02) 451 2495. SPECIE PAPHIO ADDICTS now being catered for by NOVO ORCHIDS with plants at affordable prices from Thailand China and Phillipines send stamp for listing PO. Box 154, Adamstown 2289. Buy, sell or swap. Five lines (approximately thirty words) for only $20 Each additional line (approximately six words) $3. WONDABAH ORCHIDS PL 1S.L. Orpetti THIS BEAUTIFULLY COLOURED ORCHID IS AN EASY ORCHID TO GROW AND FLOWER. WE HAVE S.L. ORPETTI AVAILABLE AS SEEDLINGS. WHEN FULLY MATURE PLANT WILL CARRY UPWARDS OF 30 FLOWERS. WE HAVE OTHER SOPHRO-LAELIA CROSSES AVAILABLE IN COLOURS FROM YEL- LOW ORANGE TO DEEPEST RED, SHADEHOUSE OR GLASSHOUSE GROWER IN 70 M.L. PLASTIC POTS PRICED AT $7.50 EACH. OUR NEW AUTUMN/WINTER CATALOGUE AVAILABLE MID APRIL. NEW CROSSES RELEASED FROM 1ST MAY. Nursery Hrs. Nov. /April Mon-Friday 9-5 (Phone for weekend arrangements) Australian Orchid Review, June 1989 May only Mon-Sat 9-5 pm 9-5 June till Oct. 31 7 Days A Week 43 2 : : oe Cymbidiums available anywhere. This catalogue also contains award abbreviations. 7 ___ vigour, production, timing, colour, longevity, spike habit and over $5,000 LESS 20%. | We will replace free of charge any plants not delivered in first - Valley Orchids New 1989 - 90 _ Cymbidium Orchid Catalog Is now available - FREE 32: pages in full colour: _ This is the most comprehensive catalogue devoted exclusively 10 _information on plant BESSIUEMEIN, a gloss ety, of orchid terms and D Detailed descriptions of over 200 = ‘ _ Cymbidium mericlones: a _ Plants are categorized for cut-flower, pot plant, exhibition and stud use. Sizes from i in flask to HeWEN ing are offered. a 1301 full colour pictures. | 60 ne new mericlones never before a offered anywhere in the: world: We know the requirements of orchid growers - the importance of overall balance. All of these new orchids are outstanding and © destined to set ue standard for years tocome. — — Cae ee ~ Over $500 less 10%, over $1,000 less 15%, 1 0 or more of the same variety less 50%, . vnolecaie / ellie prices: Prices for one plant to 10,000 plants are set to excite and attract VALLEY ORCHIDS everyone from the beginner to the largest commercial growers. PIMPALA ROAD Our wholesale prices are available to everyone. Prices are based MORPHETT V ALE 5A 62 on volume. The more you buy, the lower the unit price. All offerings in our catalogue are included in this offer and prices can _ Je) SOUTH AUSTRALIA ’ cles to as low as $1 per plant for the latest and best mericlones. a Phone: (08) 3812609 ey ae ___ International:(618) 381 2609 oo - 2.8 08) 38 8335 > Freight: ae | ee Freight is {ree world wide for flasks and 15cm plants except oj Se ae eae = rE Rae Ee __- wholesale orders. al Please send me your oe cole : 1989 - 90 Cymbidium catalogue a Guarantee: “ a _ class condition. You are enn assured of value for your > moneys ‘Mail Order Specialists $f .95 R.R.P. ie IVOIRE NO eae GUSTEISEO Registered by Australia Post Publication No. NBHO770 — COLLECTING CATTLEYA SPECIES with alot of help from 77 YORK MEREDITH Nothing in the orchid game is more satisfying than collecting the Cattleya species. They're spectacular and increasingly rare, but easy to grow. And there's extra pleasure in being a ‘specialist’! Give Cattleyas plenty of light and air movement and they'll cope with winters touching 6°C, but a 12°C minimum is desirable. When you send for York's cattleya species, (collected from South America over twenty years) you get strong, well- grown plants . . . always. Cattleya aclandiae: York now finds this grows splendidly in fine fir bark with heavy watering/ feeding in Summer! If your plant arrives on tree fern, re-pot as above. Strong plants............. $40 C. amethystoglossa: from Brazil. Tall grower, rosy-purple spotted flowers. (I) .... $50 C. aurantiaca: from Guatemala. Deep orange flower in spring. $25 C. bowringeana: Guatemala. Bright magenta flowers in Autumn. (C-l) .... $25 C. forbesii: from Brazil. Fawn flowers with an unusual veined lip. (I) .... $35 C. velutina: from Brazil. A rare jewel with wavy- edged gold flowers. I) .... $40 C. gaskelliana: from Venezuela. Large pale mauve flowers, with deeper lip. (I) .... $40 C. bicolor v. brasiliensis: Heavy-textured pale green flowers with copper flush and a brilliant rose-purple lip! (H) .... $50 C. granulosa: from Brazil. Strong green flowers with spotted maroon lip. (I) .... $35 C. guttata v. leopoldii: from Brazil. Bronze flowers with rosy lip. (I) .... $50 C. luteola: from Peru. Compact charmer with clusters of pale yellow flowers. (I) .... $35 C. percivaliana: from Venezuela. Large rose flowers with a maroon and yellow veined lip. StrongiplantsBeesmcnrinen terme $40 C. rex: from Peru. One of the great cattleyas! Large cream flowers, with a red-veined lip. Rare, a treasure. (W) .... $50 C. schilleriana: from Brazil. Unusual flowers, olive-brown with maroon. (I) .... $40 C. skinneri: from Honduras. Showy clusters of deep purple flowers. (C-l) .... $25 C. lueddemanniana: from Venezuela. Big, fragrant, usually purple-rose with white. (I) .... $40 C. walkeriana: from Brazil. Unusual mauve flowers from base of bulb! (C-l) .... $35 HOBBY-SIZE MIXER? OR THE SUPER NURSERY TYPE? ‘HYPONEX’ is the American-made solid brass fertiliser dispenser with feedback prevention device for safety. All a hobby grower needs at $29.50. Or, M.P. MIXER, is perfect for larger-scale growers or nurseries, because it can oper- ate through sprinkler systems. 1 gallon size (100 to one mix), $162. 2 gallon size (200 to one), $265. 3 gallon (200 to one), $412. Why not buy yourself some completely profes- sional equipment? Cattleya velutina Laelia crispilabia ¥ C. harrisoniana: from Brazil. Beautiful stron plants of this favourite. _ C. araguaiensis: great rarity from Brazil! Unusual starry flowers with spots on an orange base and a narrow white lip. Small but mature plantsabew:onlyaumnmnitni rete $30 AND York has just ones and twos of a few other rare, hard-to-find Cattleya species. Call in and twist his arm. — EX YORK’S PRIVATE COLLECTION Pieces of the super clones that York keeps for his own collection become available now and then. Recent but well-established divisions, like these.... Laelia jongheana: the legendary pink with yellow. Flowers for the spring shows. One or two)pieCes PANN ini nat vines: enn veins $50 Laelia skinneri v. alba: York has broken up his superb specimen. Pieces of this special prize- Winning clone attenmiesmtnnen nt $45 C. intermedia v. acquinii: the brilliant snow- white with sepals splashed vivid purple. You've envied York's plant, now have a piece of it at é L. aurantiaca: Brazil. The famous deep orange. York's specially selected clone. (C) Several pieces’atviteemtiimomiin nie $35 GREAT EPIDENDRUMS! Epi. stamfordianum: yellow (C) .... $25 Epi. vitellinum: super red/orange __(I) .... $30 Enc. guatemalensis: orange, good plants Epi. atropurpureum: (syn. Encyclia cordigera) Handsome form from Panama. Few .... $40 Epi. nemorale: (syn. Encyclia adenocaula) Elegant pinks on tall stem. Few .... $30 SEQUOIA BARK in plenty! Cattleya size and the seedling size York uses for so many species. $24.50 a bag, with 20% discount for eleven bags or more. — AND GREAT LAELIAS! Laelia blumenscheinii: from Brazil. Tall bulbs with starry gold flower-clusters in autum. (I) .... $30 Laelia bradei: from Brazil. Brilliant yellow flowers in autumn. (C) .... $30 Laelia crispata: from Brazil. Pink flowers 5cms across, purple lip. (C) .... $35 Laelia crispilabia: Brazil. Starry rose with white, beautiful lip. (C) .... $30 Laelia grandis: Large yellow-green flowers with white lip. Cc 0 (GC). Laelia harpophylla: Short sprays of deep, fiery . orange flowers. (C) .... $40 Laelia kautskyii: Similar to above, with golden- orange flowers. (C) .... $35 Laelia lucasiana: Brazil. Bright pink with a yellow labellum. (C) .... $30 Laelia milleri: from Brazil. Hard to get favourite in shades of fiery deep reds. Great parent for colour. (C) .... $40 Laelia pumila: from Brazil. Small bulbs throw relatively large flowers of rich rose in Summer. Few only (C) .... $30 Laelia perrinii: from Brazil. Large flowers rather like L. purpurata but pink with handsome lip. (C) .... $35 Laelia purpurata: Brazil. A great white with showy coloured lip. (C) .... $35 Laelia crispa: from Brazil. The much sought after pure white with crisped edges. Very few left. (C) .... $45 YES: BANKCARD, Mastercard and Visa card are welcome. Please include full postal address, personal signature and expiry date of card. Add $15 for packing and to-your- door freight for any size of order. ~ YORK MEREDITH ORCHIDS, Little Willandra Road, Cromer, 2099. Ph. (02) 971 6321. /\ustralian Orchid Review HONORARY EDITOR: David R. Wallace EDITORIAL COMMITTEE: A. Alvis, D. Banks, G. Hansen, A. Merriman, D.R. Wallace. ADDRESS EDITORIAL TO: The Editor, Australian Orchid Review, 14 McGill Street, Lewisham NSW 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166. EDITORIAL ASSOCIATES: QUEENSLAND: Mr Frank Oelkers, 419 Robinson Road, Beebung 4034. NORTH QUEENSLAND: Mr Ray Robinson, P.O. Box 129, Townsville 4810. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: i MrS. A. Monkhouse, P.O. Box 1 O’Halloran Hill 5155. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mr Rob Manning, 16 Cromer Road, Brentwood, Perth, 6153. TASMANIA: Mr Nicholas, 7 Kelvin Avenue, Moonah 7009. INTERNATIONAL: Mr G. H. Slade, Box 797 Vila. Vanuatu The Official Publication of the Orchid Society of New South Wales, Queensland Orchid Society, Victorian Orchid Club, Orchid Club of South Australia, Orchid Society of Western Australia, Tasmanian Orchid Society. TO JOIN AN ORCHID SOCIETY contact these secretaries: NSW: Miss B. Oldfield, 61 Mountford Avenue, Guildford 2161. Phone: (02) 6325712. QUEENSLAND: Mrs Noela Parsons, G.P.O. Box 2002 Brisbane 4001. Phone: (07) 273 1127. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. Phone: (03) 580 4917. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Mr Glen Heylen, Box 730 G.P.O. Adelaide 5001. Phone: (08) 44 4255. WEST AUSTRALIA: Mrs L. Manning, P.O. Box 1122, Booragoon, 6153. Phone: (09) 364 7968. TASMANIA: Mr J. F. Smith, 11 Warren Court, Howrah 7018. Phone: (002) 44 1555. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Honorary Secretary, P.O. Box 38493, Winnellie 5789. Phone: (089) 32 1977. Published and printed by GRAPHIC WORLD PTY LTD. 14 Mc Gill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166 Fax: (02) 560 6677 While the Proprietors of the Australian Orchid Review endeavour to assure the reliability of advertising and editorial, neither the Proprietors of the “Australian Orchid Review” nor the Editor and the affiliated Orchid Societies can assume responsibility for the advice or transaction between advertisers and readers. Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 Volume 54-No. 4 August, 1989 CONTENTS 34 53é? i935 Features: Back to the SpeCieS.........cccseesseseseseeeeees 6 Chinese Paphiopedilums..............:ccce 9 Rlantinlygiene Bermeesrrnstmeerare nares 11 The Native Australian Cymbidiums........... 15 Control of Colomerelia in Cymbidium........ 19 Growing PAAla@NOPSIS.......cccccecccsesesesesees 20 Table of Orchid Seed - Capsule Ages...... 23 24th T.Q.0.C. Conference ........ccceceeeee 26 Regular Features: BookiReview/are. ch nteriers fitrcrtesrermer teat 31 EettersitojthelEditoramasiicrirrntt: 32 RroductiReportheemrane sss terete treres 34 Show! Dates Snes rs istetaren nett 37 Editorial copy: Articles for publication and consideration should be sent to: AOR Editor, David Wallace, 90 Great Western Highway, Blaxland, NSW 2774. All other correspondence to: AOR Publisher, Graphic World, 14 McGill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049. Advertisers: Advertising deadline for the October issue is September 1, 1989. All advertising bookings and enquiries should be directed to Barry Badger. Phone: 319 1600. Fax: 698 9282. Subscriptions: Details on page 39. (Poetic Fair x Winter Paradise) ‘Princess’ (8509 cross) first flowering June 1989 ALVIN BRYANT Nursery, 22 Cook Street, Kurnell, NSW, Australia 2231 (near Sydney International Airport) Telephone: (02) 668 9374. International (612) 668 9374 Nursery open Friday (all day), Saturday morning INTERSTATE AND OVERSEAS VISITORS WELCOME ANYTIME Exclusive to Fame Orchids © AUSSIE SUNSETS ARE VIGOROUS, NEAT GROWERS. AND ARE CAPABLE OF CARRYING UPWARDS OF 8 SPARKLING BLOOMS. -THE BREEDING: -. LC. FIRES OF SPRING 9 Yo} vo} ap, am OA @] al ba LAVA GUARANTEED VIRUS FREE ON ARRIVAL. Free delivery within mainland Australia. IT’S A BREEDER - Proof is the many fine Aussie Sunset Cosmic Fire Hybrids we are offering. wa Su nsete= 200 only, limited - firstrelease — mericlones. “=: This is a unique, opportunity to obtain a MERICLONE WHEN IT IS FIRST RELEASED. A limited number of 200 ONLY are available and ‘they are direct from the Mother plant; this is not a clone of a clone Solbimlemeyutefietele EACH PURCHASER WILL RECEIVE A NUMBERED CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICITY. PRICED AT $125 PER * FLOWERING SIZE MERICLONE. *If they do not flower on existing lead they should flower on the next growth. Aussie Sunset Hybrids 2” Pots $5 - 3” Pots $8. - Nursery: 119 Boundary Rd., Thornlands, Qld. 4164. 1-4 aXe) s\=mt (OW A PAUL oY. Bot sto) Nursery Open 7 Days Send Stamp for Fames latest Catalogue & Cattleya Division List | THE HOME OP AUSSIE SUNSET BACK TO THE SPECIES INODONTOGLOSSUMS Part 3 Odontoglossum cirrhosum or the third of our series on Odontoglossum species behind the hybrids we look at Odm. cirrhosum, a rather rare and lovely species from Ecuador. (Plate 1). Not a large number of hybrids have been made from Odm. cirrhosum com- pared with Odm. crispum or Odm. harryanum for instance. Looking back through the registrations shows only 38 crosses made with Odm. cirrhosum up to 1947, the golden age of Odontoglossum hybridizing, compared with a staggering 268 for Odm. crispum in the same period. From 1947 to 1962 no crosses were registered with O. cirrhosum and even Odm. crispum fell to a mere 68 registra- tions. As far as I can determine no more registrations have been recorded using O. 1. Odm. cirrhosum cirrhosum to the present time. But because they haven’t been regis- tered we must not think no work is been done. The cost of registrations with the R.H.S. is now over $25.00 each, which probably prevents a lot of hybridizers registering their new crosses unless they have some significance, that is an award, or when used for on breeding which require future registration. However I think it is fair to say that because O. cirrhosum is such a rare species, combined with the fact that our judging systems actively encourage the pursuit of the round flower as being the ultimate in develop- ment, that the use of this parent is probably neglected. But though not used as a primary parent, as a grandparent we see some evidence of its genes. That innovative hybridizer Keith Andrew picked an old hybrid registered by Charlesworth in 1906 called Odontioda Heatonensis, a cross of Cochlioda sanguinea x Odm. cirrhosum. Whether or not Keith picked it for its interesting breeding or because of its unusual floral habit I don’t know. By combining it with Odm. pescatorei, one of natures true beauties, he created, with a little help from the Almighty, the delight- ful Odontioda Shelley. (Plate 2). In another fit of inspiration Keith crossed Oda. Heatonensis with Oda. Firedance to produce Oda. Nicholas Andrew, named by Andy Easton in 1980. You will see from the photographs how beautiful and delightfully different the product from this type of breeding looks. You get right away from the tedious round filled in flowers predictably produced by eons of Odm. crispum breeding. (Plate 3). One more cross as yet unnamed from Oda. Heatonensis that I have flowered is Oda. Heatonensis x Milt. spectabilis therefore making a Vuylstekeara, with just three distinct species. Surely unique. The flowers in this cross, made by Andy Easton by the way, have all the character- istic shape of Odm. cirrhosum and the deep purple colour from Milt. spectabilis. What contribution is made by Cochlioda sanguinea is hard to say. A third generation has now flowered at our nursery in the Odm. cirrhosum line. The cross is Anne Boleyn x Oda. Shelley, now registered as Oda. Shelley Anne. Unfortunately the spider look that marks these O. cirrhosum (Plate 4), hybrids so clearly has been nearly lost, but to the trained eye still shows in the lip and a certain something about the formation of the flower. The special joy about this cross was the variety in the seedlings, some pure white with but an odd spot, almost Odm. pescatorei in many respects, thru to dark nearly solid purple and all shades between. Only the size of the flowers, around 2’’ — 2'%4'' prevents them being awarded in Australia, overseas judges with more ex- perience may think differently. As for the future we are making a lot more crosses with Oda. Shelley, having Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 been fortunate to get a flask of the remake some years back, from which we flowered some very nice clones. O. cirrhosum itself has been reluctant to breed, perhaps part of the reason it has not been used more frequently. We will keep on trying not only because of its graceful, pretty flowers but because we find it relatively easy to grow and flower, a habit shared by its progeny, all of which we have found quite easy to cultivate. In fact Oda. Heatonensis seems to have survived in many collections from the original make, way back at the turn of the century. Of all the hundreds of crosses made in the halcyon days of Odontoglossum breeding not many have seen it thm to the renaissance of the alliance in the eighties. As with all these articles ‘‘behind the species’’ that I am writing, I am not pretending to present the whole picture, rather my personal experience of growing and flowering these hybrids combined with observations at nurseries and_ the thoughts of others closely involved with hybridizing the Odontoglossum alliance. One such person is Milton Carpenter of Everglades Orchids who certainly leaves no avenue unexplored in his search for temperature tolerant Odonts. In fact one of his crosses that flowered recently at Mt. Beenak was a delightful primary hybrid of Odm. cirrhosum x Onc. macranthum, as B mr S| Nil-too young poo on aN Nil-too young Arditti, J. “Orchid Biology — Reviews & perspectives — Vol. 2” Condon, S. — Personal communication (Also personal experience) Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 MACKINNEYS?’ NGRSERY BRISBANE’S PREMIER ORCHID NURSERY Size B at $8.00 each: Or buy the ten for ONLY $65.00 M95 _—_ Lc. HERTHA ‘Wondabah’ AM/AOS Re-introduction of champion mauve M97 Blc. ORGLADES LOVER ‘Freya’ : Dark red. (Lc. ROYAL EMPEROR x DINH THUY YEN) M111 Bic. GOLDEN MARINER ‘Sunnybank’ Bright yellow with heavy texture. (A HELEN BROWN cross) M131 Bic. GOLDEN MARINER ‘Roshni’ Similar to above — more colour in labellum M141 Lc PIRATE KING ‘Port Wine’ Very dark exhibition purple M149 _ Bic. CHINESE BEAUTY ‘Chien-Chien’ Large splashed petals M156 Bic. EMPRESS WORSLEY ‘Roman Holiday’ HCC/AOS Light pink sepals; spotted dark mauve petals M160 Bic. MOUNT TRIUMPH ‘Wing Tip’ AM/AOS Excellent yellow with red tips on petals. M164 _ Bic. TOSHIE AOKIE ‘Pizazz’ AM/AOS Large yellow with red labellum and splashes M167 Bic. JANELLE TOKUNAGA ‘Pokai’ Hawaiian release; gold with red labellum mackinneys’ nursery 87 TURTON STREET, SUNNYBANK, QLD 4109 CLOSED SUNDAYS. PHONE: 345 1916 MERRELLEN ORCHIDS Ted & Barbara Gregory Specialist breeders of cool growing Aust Natives and Hybrids. Send 37¢ stamp for our 88-89 list. Mail orders our specialty. 181 Oxenford Road, Tamborine Heights, Qld 4271. px: (075) 45 1576 MERICLONING SERVICE WE PROPAGATE MOST ORCHID GENERA Please contact us regarding your specific requirements (which gen- era are to be cloned, etc.) and we will provide advice and informa- tion on plant material needed. Flora Propagation Laboratories 18 Mundy St., Mentone, Melbourne Vic. 3194 (03) 584 2087 Wyone Orcuip Nurseries “N.S.W. Central Coast Orchid Specialists” ARE NOW IN FULL BLOOM!! “DAZZLING” DISPLAY OF FLOWERING PLANTS With the nursery’s retirement from the cymbidium bloom export business, full concentration will be placed on the local and mail order business meaning more efficiency and a wider range of orchid genera for you! Cymbidium hybridising will continue, particularly in showbench shape intense colour. Marketing of the range of genera produced by our agencies for Tamborine Mountain Orchids (Q'Ild), Wondabas Orchids (N.S.W.), and Down Under Native Orchids (N.S.W,) will be intensified as warranted by these high quality nurseries who we are proud to represent. IN ADDITION! Wyong Orchids are now preparing to enter the field of orchids not covered by our agencies, to further widen the range available to our customers: Phalaenopsis, Intergenerics, Vandaceous, and a vast range of species. Special facilities are already under construction, and many special parent plants are already being accumulated for future hybridising. CHANGES FOR THE BETTER, WHEN ONLY THE BEST WILL DO! at Basford Road, Lake Munmorah, N.S.W. 2259 Australia — TEL. (043) 58 8563 (Send 78¢ stamp for catalogues) Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 25 24th T.Q.0.C. Conference j he annual Tropical Queensland : Orchid Council Conference was held this year in Tully, June 9th - 12th. This conference weekend was a resounding success enjoyed im- mensely by all registrants. The friendly atmosphere and __ the organization of this conference en- sured its success. Registrants who enjoyed this annual event came from as far as The North- ern Territory, Darwin & Katherine, New South Wales, Victoria, Glad- stone, and Rockhampton to add to the many T.Q.O.C. area registrants. Not forgetting here our Patron Mr. Frank Slattery, who has never missed a con- ference and his good wife Jean who judges the floral art section at these conferences. We are most indebted to Bic. Pamela Hetherington ‘Coronation’ AM/AOS, FCC/AOS. ORCHIDGLEN 3 ' . CyMBIDIUM NURSERY ITY Paph acmodontum $22.00 Paph ang-thong . $15.00 O RC HID S Paph bellatulum $15.00 Paph fowliei $28.00 Paph godefroyae $16.00 Paph niveum $16.00 25 School Drive, Banksia Park, S.A. 5091 Paph thailandensis $16.00 Den farmeri $13.00 NURSERY OPEN Den thrsiflorum $14.00 May to October (incl) 10 am to 5 pm Sat/Sun For Skyroad delivery add $9.00 SPECIALISING IN CYMBIDIUMS orn east avaliable SAE, FROM ACROSS discount and free Skyroad delivery THE TASMAN ORCHIDGLEN NURSERY PO. Box 213, WYNNUM Q 4178 Write now to be placed on our mailing list. Open Sat & Sun 8am to 4pm PH (07) 390 7742 for appointments 26 Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 ae their continuing support of this event in the far north, considering they live in Sydney. The conference began on Friday evening with Registration and Light Supper. The catering for this evening left nothing to be desired as did all catering during the conference, includ- ing always a plentiful supply of local fresh fruit. After a short address from Tully’s competent President Robyn Godbehere, and T.Q.0.C. President Mick Keith, the conference began on a welcoming, happy note. Then we no- ticed friendly orchid personalities such as Jim Rentoul, whom we would miss if he did not turn up to this event; David Viney from Darwin, known to us all by now, and Bill Poulten from South Queensland who frequents our conferences. Now, that is enough name dropping for now, on with the conference. Saturday, and the weather was per- fect as we set out for the W.M. Mem- orial Sports Centre at the Show- grounds, where the conference was held. The lectures this morning were all interesting. First speaker was Len Lawler, well known for the work he is doing in the north for the Australian Orchid Foundation. Then Bob Williams spoke on Pesticides, Bob Nevins was the next speaker. He spoke on Cattleyas with slide programme. Bob is well known as a Cattleya Nurseryman in the Cairns district. Rod Shoesmith spoke on growing or- chids using hydroponics, and _ last speaker was Norman Hilliger from Deh. Caguas Gigante x Mae-Klong River Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 ORCHID ENTERPRISES PO Box 2398, Southport, Qld. 4215 PHONE: (075) 53 1924 FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones Cattleyas - Softcanes - Hardcanes Vandaceous - Odont. alliance - species KEIKIGROW PRODUCTS — we are the SOLE Australian agents for Keikigrow Products of Canada. MOOROOLBARK ORCHIDS Mainly Masdevallia Cool Growing Little Dazzlers .. . Not Only But Also... Superb companions for your Masdas... Our exclusive range of ODM. alliance flasks from both ourselves & well respected U.S.A. breeders will become available onl as they ‘‘Bulb Up” in flask at $25.00 for 1 to 20+ plants in flask & later as communi- ties & singles. Keikigrow = Stoprot and Rootgrow ODA ee SP x (Keith Gaskell x 5 : t } in stock - 7.5cc at $12.50 Post Paid |] opa “Coenen “stromar”. Send stamp for our current listings. ODM “Moselle” x ‘Stonehurst Yellow”. ODM harryanum x crispum. ODM retusum x comparettia speciosa. ONC “Sunshine” x “Shadow” (= “Specialty Cameo”’.) A NEW LOOK ONG Paricosury Baldi “AM /AOS x sibling. CYMBIDIUM FROM NZ | | oom hale xsbling ries Peer aanel Utiply, Milt” vexillaria es Ae (= Milt. First Australian release of a most Milt “Yarrow Bay” x vexillaria attractive freak Sepals are red and STOP PRESS petals are cream with red spots on Masd, wurdackii & Masd colossus in flask will be edges. on our new listing available by sending a stamp. We expect delivery on all above flasks by late summer 89-90 but they are limited so’ early ordering is advised. Orders will be taken in rotation $10 plus $2 post and packing for each tube only. Our usual range of showbench orchids 6 BELLARA DRIVE also available from $3.50 MOOROOLBARK VIC. 3138 Send S.AE. for new listings. Phone (03) 726 0060. Inspection only by appointment arranged to suit. NEW ZEALAND GROWERS... THE HOUSE OF ORCHIDS 145 Manuka Rd, Glenfield, Auckland. Phone: 444 9771. W & B Crouch, Cymbidium Orchids, 129 Austin Road, Seaford 3198 Phone (03) 786 3428 Please mention Orchid Review Dutch delights The latest cymbidiums from Holland 12” average leaf length mericlones at only $17.50 ea. Cym FANCY FREE ‘SNOWBIRD’ Stunning July white standard. Cym FUSS ‘FLAMINGO?’ Late showbench pink intermediate. Cym FLORISNOW ‘ELISE’ Ultra early ‘PETER PAN’ white inter- mediate. Cym GILGAMESH ‘PINK CLOUD’ Soft pink shapely June standard. Plus 2 showbench certainties at $15.00 ea. Cym GREANOAKS GEM ‘PINK PARFAIT?’ Shapely insigne hybrid of gorgeous soft pink in June. Cym (TERAMA x CONJOLA) KENDALL Imposing deep pink June/ July show winning standard. And some locals at $12.50 ea. Cym DREAM VALLEY ‘SUN GODDESS’ 4N August “tangerine” showbench quality standard. Cym MINI SARAH ‘JILLIAN’ Consistent show winning August beauti- ful pure colour pastel green intermediate. Cym TERAMA ‘ROBYN’ 4N The best shaped red standard. Cym vow re FLAME ‘HEATHER’ HCC/AOC-OCSA July vibrant red standard. Please include $10 for air freight. Orders over $100 FREIGHT FREE! Bank/Mastercard Welcome. Quote name, number and expiry date. Our stock is also available from Peter Chiles Orchids, 5 Peacock Ave, Cawler. S.A. Send today for these — Stocks are limited Easy Orchids 5 Richman Ave, Prospect SA 5082 Phone Glenn Heylen (08) 344 4255 27 28 MIN! CYMBIDIUMS from Queensland’s Gold Coast Specialists in miniature and intermediate cymbidiums including temperature tolerant varieties For list including our exclusive crosses please send stamp to: Arundel Estate Orchids 5 Uplands Drive, Arundel, Gold Coast, Qld, 4214 Nursery open by appointment. Please phone (075) 94 6349 before calling CASH & CARRY CLEARANCE SALE OF “SLIPPER ORCHID PLANTS’’ OVER 30,000 POTTED FLOWERING ORCHID PLANTS IN SINGLE AND MULTIPLE SPLITS AT BARGAIN PRICES. WHEN: Sunday 6th August, 1989. TIME: 10am-4pm. ADDRESS: Grandiflora Nurseries Pty Ltd Lot 2 Dandenong-Hastings Road, Lyndhurst. REFRESHMENTS AVAILABLE ENQUIRIES: Mr. K. Nielsen (03) 782 2777. TAIDA HORTICULTURAL CO. LTD. TEL: (048) 52 4042/52 7335 FAX: (048) 52 7682 GOOD QUALITY AT A REASONABLE PRICE!! TAIDA ORCHIDS © Phalaenopsis * Cattleya * Dendrobium * Paphiopedilum All species from flask to flowering size, specially for cut flowers. FREE CATALOGUE AVAILABLE ON REQUEST!! No. 100. Sec. 3, Chung Shan Rd., Da Tsun 51506 Chang Hwa, Taiwan R.O.C. *We are seeking an agency in Australia. Please contact us if you are interested in our plants. COLEMAN’S ORCHIDS (Home of the ‘Pansy’ Dendrobiums) We breed a wide range of Hard Cane Dendrobiums including canaliculatum & carronii Hybrids, Spathulata, Intermediates & Phalaenanthi (including the exciting new Pansy types). Cattleyas also stocked. Plants available from flasks to flowering size. Flasking Service available. OPEN Sunday to Thursday - Friday & Saturday by Arrangement Nursery situated Kennedy Highway — 8km Mareeba side of Kuranda P.O. Box 57, KURANDA. Q. 4872 PH. (070) 93 7943 N.S.W. who spoke on A.N.O.S. very briefly. After a great lunch, Bushhousing began for the majority of registrants. The judging of Orchids tabled, Foliage and Floral Art also took place during the afternoon. I was involved in the judging and so cannot report on the bushhousing, though I heard all good reports. The Conference Dinner was held on Saturday night with the trophies being presented. The Frank Slattery Trophy for the Champion Orchid was won by Allan Hughes, from Ingham, with Bic. Pamela Hetherington ‘Coronation’ AM/AOS FCC/AOS. Reserve Cham- pion, A. Hughes, again with Den. Caguas Gigante Mae Klong River. The winner of the aggregate points Rod Shoesmith Trophy was won by Lloyd MacFarlane. Champion Foliage plant was won by L. Di Mauro with a well grown Bromeliad and the Cham- pion Floral Art was won by Mrs. Robyn Reid, Townsville. On Sunday morning the A.G.M. and General meetings of the T.Q.0.C. were held and were well attended by all Delegates and some observers. As this was a free morning for the remain- der of the Registrants, most took the opportunity to see the nearby lovely beaches or to catch up on some much needed rest. After another enormous smorgasbord lunch, we all headed off in buses or private vehicle to an afternoon of Bushhousing, travelling through Mission Beach and other lovely areas. Exotic fruits as well as orchids were on sale and in demand at one port at call. Much fun and laughs was had on the buses. Sunday night the B.B.Q. and Plant Auction was held. The Auction suc- cessfully raised more than usual under the hammer of Bob Gourley. A lot of fun was had by all. At the close of this evening a very important announce- ment was made by Mr. Mick Keith. He announced that Mrs Jean Slattery was to be Honoured for her untiring work with Australian Floral Art and Community Services the next day, in the Queens Birthday Honours. This was received with much applause by all, Monday morning saw many taking the cruise on Tekin III and the few remaining who had not yet left for home or other places enjoying the Farewell Morning Tea. The success of the Tully Conference was due in no small way to the cooperation between the President Robyn Godbehere and her hard work- ing Secretary, Diana Miller, whom she recognized at the Dinner with a gift Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 presented for all her hard work. Robyn recognized her hard working com- mittee who never stopped all weekend. To mention just one or some would not be fair but the ladies who sold tickets etc. were hard at it all weekend. Robyn also mentioned Innisfail Or- chid Society, who came to their meet- ing and offered their help. This is what orchid growing is all about. All Orchid Society members should make the effort to attend these conferences they would not be disappointed. The next T.Q.0.C. Conference is to be our Silver Jubilee (25th Confer- ence) and this is to held in Cairns over the Queens Birthday Weekend 1990. This should be worth attending as Cairns has been known for its success- ful orchid growers and Orchid Nurseries for many years. I can re- member our annual holidays spent in Cairns every year some twenty to twenty-five years ago, while my hus- band added to his already growing collection. Cairns is also a great Tourist desti- nation and has a terrific weekend market, where many orchids are sold. See you there! Thelma Keith. ORCHID FACTORY 9 Royal Place, BARDWELL PARK, N.S.W. 2207 Phone: 02 592395 For the widest selection of cymbidiums, especially miniature and intermediates plus a few special standards - Large range of sizes and colours - realistic prices. Visitors always welcome but please ring first - open most days. For full list of plants (and flasks when available) please send SAE. MAIL ORDER - plants for- warded bare rooted by mail, IPEC or Sky Road (both door to door deliveries). P.O. Box 46, BEXLEY, N.S.W. 2207 Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 GRAHAM & BERYL ROBERTSON 4’”” PHALAENOPSIS — NEAR FLOWERING $7.00 each P111 Phal. Paifang’s Coral. Compact pinks. P146 Phal. Lucky Lady ‘Tacho’ x Dtps. Odoriko ‘Ske’ Whites with red lips. P162 Phal. Raycraft ‘Cheng Yuan’ x Arai ‘No. 9’. Large soft pinks. P171 Phal. Brother Canary ‘Lung Ching’ x Brother Canary ‘Brother’. Yellows with spots. P187 Dtps. City Girl ‘Ai-Yun’ x Phal. Pinlong Davis ‘Ai-Yun’ Pinks with red lips. P208 Phal. Cindy Danseuse x Phal. (okutama x Abendrot). Pinks with stripes. P210 Dtps. Happy Valentine x Phal. Zauberose ‘Diane’ AM/AOS Quality pinks with good substance. P211 Phal. Yellow Queen. Novelty yellows with barring. Good shape. P220 Phal. Ella Freed ‘An-Lin’ x Dtps. Odoriko “Miwa No. 2” Dark pink stripes on pale background. Red lips. P224 Phal. Taipei Paifang ‘S.F. Chen’ x (Okutama x Abendrot’). Large good quality pinks. P252 Phal. Antigua. Pale yellows and greens. P256 Dtps. Chai Lin ‘Der Sing’ x Phal. Otohime ‘Dogashima’ Deep fuschia pinks. Quality flowers. P258 Phal. Arai ‘A-9’ x Dtps. Chai Lin ‘Der Sing’ Quality Pinks. P261 Dtps. Chai Lin ‘Der Sing’ x Dtps. Mary Ames ‘Brother’. Strong pinks with red lips. P273 (Dtps. Sharon Steeg x Phal. Flor de Mato) x Phal. (Abendrot x Jenny Wilkinson. Fine large well displayed pinks. Up to eight plants sent door to door by Skyroad for $10.00. MANY OTHER PHALAENOPSIS AVAILABLE. 2” pots and also COMMUNITY POTS OF 5 PLANTS OF EACH CROSS. LISTINGS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST. G. & B. ROBERTSON M.S. 1096 Blackall Range Rd., Nambour 4560 QLD. Please phone (071) 42 1913 before visiting. SUNSHINE ORCHID NURSERY 2034 ROGHAN RD, BALD HILLS, BRISBANE, 4036 TELEPHONE (07) 263 4902 (Closed Sundays) EVERYTHING FOR ORCHID GROWERS AMATEUR AND PROFESSIONAL Write for our full catalogue which includes a wide range of plants, flasks and accessories. Mail Orders Processed Promptly (Discounts for Quantity) YES — OUR MODERN LABORATORY UNDERTAKES CUSTOM FLASKING (Both Commercial and Private) AND FOR TOP SHOWBENCH RESULTS USE OUR LONG LASTING Sterilised and Treated Orchid Bark AVAILABLE IN FIVE (5) GRADES (FULL DETAILS IN OUR CATALOGUE) BANKCARD, MASTERCARD AND VISA CARDS ACCEPTED 29 You are invited to come and see the many exciting plants and new seedlings that we are flowering each week, some plants and divisions of plants for sale. Whether you are an enthusiast after showbench orchids, a commercial cut flower grower or pot plant grower, we are only too pleased to discuss your require- ments. Please write for our current flask list of intermediate and standard cymbidium seedlings and our lists of community pots and plants in 3” pots. MERICLONE RELEASES: We are cur- rently sending out our list of cymbidium mericiones to all our customers. Please write if you are not on our mailing list. Mericlones offered include Via del Playa ‘Yvonne’, Fancy Free ‘Geyserland’ and ‘Snowbird’, Winter Angel ‘Neville’, Tracey Reddaway ‘Sunrise’ and ‘Sungold’, One Tree Hill ‘Dolly’ and many more. World’s Finest Orchids The best range of Soft Cane Dendrobiums ever!!! COLOUR SPECTACULAR Make an appointment to visit our nursery at Lot7 Hearns Lake Road, Woolgoolga during flowering time. YAMAMOTO DENDROBIUMS are easy to grow and flower in a wide range of climates (satisfied customers from Northern Queensland to Tasmania and Western Australia). Amazing colour range. Long-lasting blooms. Not expensive. Small plants from $8.00 grow to large plants quickly. Large from $18.00. Detailed growing indstructions and friendly, helpful advice always available. Varieties to suit all tastes whether growing for show or jut pleasure. Our plants are winning championships all over the country including Champion Dendrobium Orchid Expo 88 at Caloundra and Champion Dendrobium 11th Australian Orchid Conference in Sydney. Gift Vouchers Also Available If you are not already on our mailing list SEND S.A. E. FOR DESCRIPTIVE LIST OR PHONE: ~ PO BOX 1528, COFFS HARBOUR, NSW 2450 PHONE (066) 54 1183 30 Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 = | Dendrobium Orchids of Australia Walter T. Upton. Publishers Houghton Miffin (1989.) 240pp, Hardback. RRP $69.95 This magnificent volume covers all species and natural hybrids of the genus Dendrobium found within the Australian Continent, Islands and Territories. The book covers classification of the genus placing each species into subgenus and section. A full chapter is devoted to the discovery of each of the species giving originator of specific name, dis- coverer, location and year of discov- ery. The main part of the text, in alpha- _ DENDROBIUM ORCHIDS OF AUSTRALIA bk ‘* bd Walter T. Upton Sandra Ross, Jill and Wal Upton. Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 Back row: Ron Makin, Managing Director of Houghton Mifflin Australia. Front row: Graham and betical order, a description of each species, flowering period, distribu- tion, habitat, culture. Accompanying each of these is the species used in producing the many hybrids now be- ing grown around the world. Each of the species is accompanied with beautiful line diagrams of which the author is a Past master. These are annotated with a date, the earliest being 1963. This book was 26 years in production. A chapter is devoted to the history of hybridization in the genus Dendrobium. Covered are hybrids within section of the genus, between section in the genus, dominance of the different species of the hybrids used to produce them. Pollination by natural agents is in- cluded where known and a compre- hensive table of harvesting (for green pod culture) and dehiscence time is given. Seed flasking and growing from the flask is included in this chapter. The culture of Tropical, Sub- tropical and Temperate to Cool- Temperate members of the genus is included indicating the best type of medium, pot, slab, garden beds, trees and rocks. Compost for pot culture is covered. Watering, feeding, resting periods and pest and diseases is com- prehensively covered. A number of Appendicies cover flowering times, hybrids using only indigenous species, to February 1988, D. phalaenopsis and D. schroederianum hybrids, to March 1987, Reclassifying the genus, Authors of specific names and publi- cations and a list of recent name changes. Throughout the book are many beautiful colour plates depicting en- vironments, species, hybrids and other features mentioned in the text. This book, research and writing covering nearly 30 years will be invaluable to all orchid growers, or- chid societies, botanists and libraries of all types now and for many years to come. ORCHIDACEOUS Specialist supplier of ORCHID BOOKS & GIFT LINES featuring ORCHIDS Write now for your free catalogue: ORCHIDACEOUS P.O. Box 378, Alstonville N.SW. 2477 SHOWROOM Suite 2, Colonial Building, Main St, Alstonville N.SW. 2477 Phone (066) 28 1438 LO) 5 {03 5 10D 51010) .<~) Send for FREE descrip- tive list of more than 425 currently available Orchid books...sent surface mail, anywhere in the world, postpaid!! TWIN OAKS BOOKS, INC. P.O. Box 20940 Greenfield, WI, 53220 U.S.A. Phone (414) 321-4660 MasterCard and Visa ORCHID BOOKS OLD — NEW — RARE Back issues magazines, Antique prints. Free catalog by airmail Visa and Mastercard accepted McQUERRY ORCHID BOOKS 5700 W. Salerno Rad, Jacksonville, FL 32244 USA 31 32 Its Great, Its ‘Bloomin’ Great Give It A Go Mate, POLWOOD PTY. LTD. (PRODUCERS OF TREATED PINE BARK) Telephone (071) 215737 Fax: (071) 23 1725. Quality guaranteed, boiled and limed. Ph neutral. Impurities removed, chunky, and long lasting. No need to soak in nutrients in Fungicides, it is ready for instant use. 4 grades available, single bags over 2cft. Bess) For more information call sit NJ Saltwater Creek Nursery. Ph (071) 21 5737, or call your D ORCHID BAR fee nearest agent, they will be glad ween \ } to be of service to you. Dis ADEN | ‘ counts for quantity. SLWOOD PTY, LTD. trading as Now for prompt delivery in ext TWATER CREEK NURS; N.S.W. contact our distrib- utors ‘“Evelin Orchids’. Phone (045) 66 8243 FAX (045) 66 8321. They will be happy to service your nur- sery or business. 71) 215737 neni a AGENTS: BRISBANE Humpybong Nursery, 38 Collins Street, Woody Point, Qld. 4019. Ph (07) 284 3283. BRISBANE Cabbage Tree Orchids, Bill Twine, 3 Hickson Road, Deagon (807) 269 8108. BRISBANE Graham & Mary Cook, 99 Eynsford St, Carina, Ph (07) 398 6893. (07) 808 6764 BRISBANE ar Fence & Garden Supplies, (Graham & Barry) 108 Bailey Rd, Deception Bay. Ph (07) 203 3949. BRUNSWICK HEADS Sheaffe’s Orchids Nursery, Percy Sheatfe, 38 Fingal Street, Brunswick Heads, N.S.W. Ph (066) 85 1387 BUNDABERG Produce Traders, 33a Woondooma St, Bundaberg, 4670. Ph (071) 71 3826. BOWEN Riverdale Orchid Nursery, M.J. Edgerton, Bootooloo Rd, Bowen 4805. Ph (077) 85 2170. CAIRNS Limberlost Nursery, Old Smithfield Road, Freshwater, Cairns. Ph (070) 55 1262 CAIRNS Cairns Bulk Landscaping Supplies. 169 Hartley Street, Cairns 4870. Ph (070) 51 5167. DARWIN Lakeside Orchids, Lloyd & Win Kent, Lot 31 Nottage Road, Bees Creek, N.T. 5789. Ph (089) 88 1004 GLADSTONE Hyne & Son Pty. Ltd., Crn. Side & Yaroon Streets, Gladstone. Ph (079) 72 1555. GYMPIE Berly Pedersen, 12 Widgee Crossing Road, Gympie. Ph (071) 882 2814. GOLD COAST Sure Crop Nursery, Alan & Dorothy Kraschnefski, Nerang Broadbeach Rd, Carrara. Ph (075) 58 1861. HERVEY BAY Yallaroo Nursery, Gordon Cook, Maryborough Rd Pialba. Ph (071) 28 1526 INGHAM Hilder’s Toobanna Garden Centre, 18km South Bruce Highway. Ph (077) 77 2200. IPSWICH Trevor Grewar, 27 Nolan Street, Raceview, 4305. Ph (072) 81 9619. MALANDA Stocker’s Nursery, Millaa Millaa Rd, Malanda, Nth Qld., 4885. Ph (070) 96 5362. NAMBOUR Graham & Beryl Robertson, MS 1096, Blackall Range Rd Nambour. Ph (071) 42 1913. ROCKHAMPTON Alan Stenlake, 59 Armstrong St, North Rockhampton, 4700. Ph (079) 22 4636. SARINA Harrison's Nursery, Jenny) 2 Graham St, Sarina, 4737. Ph (079) 56 1008. STANTHORPE Border Hills Orchids, Sugarloaf Road, Stanthorpe. Ph (076) 81 1386. SOUTH AUSTRALIA Barry Bailey, 5 Taunton Avenue, Enfield, 5085. Ph (08) 262 2620. TAMBOURINE Tambourine Mountain Orchids, 158 Long Rd, Eagle Heights. Ph (075) 45 1303. TOWOOMBA Rorafest Orchids, Darling Street, P.0. Box 7011, Toowoomba 4352. Ph (076) 30 1102. AH (076) 34 2953. TOWNSVILLE Keiths Nursery, 26 Gorari St, Idalia, Townsville 4810. Ph (077) 78 2472. VICTORIA Collectors Corner Garden World, Springvale Road, Keyesborough, Victoria 3173. Ph (03) 798 5845. VICTORIA Dingley Fern Market, 233 Centre Dandenong Road, Dingley, Victoria, 3172. Ph (03) 551 1868. WESTERN AUSTRALIA Ezi Gro Orchids, Lot 37, Evandale Road, Landsdale, Perth. Ph (09) 343 2761. FAX (09) 309 3182. Dear Mr Wallace, I put pen to paper after reading the article “Growing Orchids in the Top End” by Lyn Bates. My family and I spent the 18 years prior to 1982 in PNG Rabaul and Goroka and my wife and I had little interest in gardening until the last couple of years when I collected on my travels in the highlands casually such things as Dendrobium aenulas, Dendrobium oreechairs, Dendrobium uncinatum, Diplocaulobium Hydro- phylm and about Goroka Calonthe triplicata plus a large mainly white grass orchid which flowered beauti- fully and is probably a highland ver- sion of Phaius tancarvilliae. In 1981 we went to Perth and became keen on Australian Orchids and Cymbidums. In 1987 I transferred to Wyndham. This is repeatedly the hottest (consist- ently) town in W.A. It is on the Cambridge Gulf but becomes very dry with an average of about 10mm of rain TOTAL for the months June, July and August. It also has an average of 24 days a year below 30°C maximum and from October to March above 40°C very regularly (about 40 to 50% of days). Night time temperatures in summer rarely go below 28°C and in winter rarely below 20°C. The usual weather is hot, dry and dusty with wind quite common. We bought up D. kingianums and aa Den Hybrid Jupiter-Malones. Three weeks straddling September/October, 1987. Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 Phalaenopsis 1987 crucified orchids from Perth. The for- mer died and the latter grow but do not flower. We bought up two cattleyas and they have both flowered; one twice and the other once. Also Den. Malones (a soft cone) which flowered in 1987 but not last year. Also another soft cone Dendrolium which grows profusely but no flowers. We bought up but lost the label of a Vanda with leaves like V. denisonianna. It did not flower in Perth (too young?) but has flowered 3 times in the last 9 months SINCE BEING PUT OUT OF THE SUN and in a shade shed of 70%-80% under a tree! We have a shade shed to keep out the wogs particularly grasshoppers. We fertilize irregularly with weak Thrive and blood and bone. Since using the Thrive the photos show the result. The shade shed is watered for 10 mins 3 times a day; it is very crowded and humid. People up here are amazed at the flowers. It is much more harsh a climate than Darwin but kept wet we seem to always have flowers. We have also flowered one Phalaenopsis which the cat then killed but another is growing well. Also our Den canaliculatum goes very well and flowers regularly. We have the Kimberly Cymbidium (C. canaliculatum?) growing but as yet no flowers. The Oncidiums all died. The point is that with little care and lots of water some orchids seem to grow well here in the heat. The photos show that it is possible to continue with our hobby even in such extreme conditions. Yours faithfully, Graham Bowden, PO Box 165, Wyndham W.A. 6740 B Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 P.O. Box 860, Toowoomba, 4350 Phone 076 96 7279 A ORCHIDS LABORATORIES FLASKING SERVICE SPECIALISING IN EXOTIC AND AUSTRALIAN NATIVES SEND STAMP FOR LIST MAIL ORDERS OUR SPECIALTY SEE YOU AT THE TOOWOOMBA ORCHID SPECTACULAR & CONFERENCE 17TH — 24TH SEPTEMBER 1989 D’BUSH ORCHID NURSERY PO BOX 57, KURANDA, QUEENSLAND 4872 PHONE (070) 93 7923 We have for sale PHALAENOPSIS, VANDA AND REED STEM EPIDENDRUM ORCHIDS ONLY. @ In future this Nursery will be closed Tuesdays and Wednesdays, except by previous ~ arrangement. WHEN ONLY THE BEST WILL DO! FOR THE BIGGEST COLLECTION OF ORCHIDS IN NORTH QUEENSLAND. Our quality stock includes: Latest Mini Cats, Equitant Oncidiums, Antelope and Full- shaped Dendrobiums, Vandas and Ascocendas, Warm- growing Miltassas, Miltonias Phalaenopsis. __ PO BOX 196, If there is something special GORDONVALE 4865. you are looking for, why not phone or write, we would be delighted to help. PHONE (070) 56 1727 ALL HOURS. Nursery address: - LITTLE MULGRAVE RIVER Imported plants arriving all RoxD LITTLE MULGRAVE. the ti me Sr Ont M alaysia, ; Efficient, experienced packing and Hawaii, Philippines. Write for despatch with daily connections per our latest catalogue (enclose _ national airlines and Skyroad stamp). Transport to your door. 33 TOM HENRY PTY LTD ORCHID SPECIALISTS CYMBIDIUMS CATTLEYAS PAPHIOPEDILUMS Flasks Cymbidium seedlings from one of the Worlds Leading Hybridists— Flasks/Bottles Contain 35-50 Plantlets, that can be transplanted now or left until spring. Terama ‘Yowie Bay’ x Red Beauty ‘June Delight’ Long Spiking June/ July pinks, expected Red Beauty ‘June Delight’ x Winter Wonder ‘Susan Nicholson’ should produce June pinks of outstanding quality Red Beauty ‘June Delight’ x Sylvan Star ‘Flight’ lovely June pinks from this combination. Zuma Boyd ‘Tetra High’ x Thanksgiving ‘Nativity’ 4N Zuma Boyd with 6” Plus Thanksgiving June/July tremendous yellows. For sale @ $40 Flasks — Frt Extra. Paphiopedilums For those who want the best. Amanda Hill ‘Mignonette’ Brown & Beautiful $150 Winston Churchill x Dazzler ‘Best Red’ Perfect shaped Red. $ 200 British Concorde ‘Flash’ Polychrome shapely & colourful $100 Silvara ‘Persephone’ one of the best white silvaras $80 All Plants Flowering size—some with sheaths showing. PO Box 71, 25 Ruskin Rowe, Avalon Beach, NSW 2107 Telephone: (02) 918 2504 A large range of species and hybrids to suit new growers, serious collectors and those seeking free flowering plants for intermediate to warm conditions. VERY PROMPT MAIL ORDER IS OUR SPECIALTY. Phone or mail orders using Bankcard, Visacard or Mastercard Welcome, including export overseas. We invite you to visit our nursery at 15 HOAD STREET, EARLVILLE, CAIRNS or write (Please include postage stamp) for our latest listing to RO. BOX 404, EARLVILLE, QLD 4871. Ph (070) 54 1746. Fax (070) 33 1746. Specialists in Species, Onchids: MT PLEASANT ORCHID NURSERY 148 School of Arts Road, Redland Bay, 4165 Qlid Phone: (07) 206 7253 Growers and importers of quality plants L.C. Netrasiri Doll ‘Bicentennial’ FCC/CTS. Exciting yellow cluster. A must in every collection. 2” Pots $10.00. L.C. Lisa Ann Jan Hani AM/AOS Joga. Brilliant orange-red. 2” pots $7.00. B.L.C. Dercile Little ‘Chiang’. Bright Red, yellow in Lip. 2” pots $7.00. B.L.C. Dawson City ‘Mendenhall’ AM/AOS. Shades of Rich pink. 2” pots $6.00. Den c.k. Ai ‘Amanda’. Brilliant Red. 2” pots $6.00. Ascda Laksi; 3" pots $12.00. Radiant Red. We are suppliers of American (Sequoia) Orchid Bark $21 per 2 cu ft bag. Nursery hours 9am-4pm. Closed Mondays. + & & & 4 GENERATIONS OF GROWING EXPERIENCE * * * * 34 PRODUCT REPORT Sun, Weather Control In a Choice of Patterns n attractive mixture of sunlight and shade, together with protec- tion from the weather, are pro- vided simultaneously by a new pro- duct released recently by Nylex. (eds: March 1). Called Decorshade, it offers a dra- matic and exciting new range of alter- natives in sunlight-control glazing and roofing applications. It consists of modular glazing panels on to which the revolutionary new Solynx 60 coating material is fused in standard or individual designs to pro- vide whatever shade pattern and den- sity is required. This provides a big advantage over other materials which offer only a simple lightness/darkness tinting con- trol. The panels are easily handled and fitted together to create innovative and exciting effects in an almost end- less variety of applications — from large factories through professional nurseries, commercial foyers and out- door restaurant areas to domestic out- door and indoor living areas, atriums, patios, verandahs and greenhouses. The use of Acrylex 2000 T high- impact acrylic as the base material for Decorshade gives it a combination of excellent weathering properties, high strength, and resistance to damage from falling objects, ie stones or tree branches. Another advantage is the material’s excellent reflective properties, which control the diffusion of internal arti- ficial lighting, providing substantial power cost savings and avoiding the “black sky” effect created by clear or tinted glass and other materials. The “forest effect’? of dappled light with intermittent sunlight and shade which the material provides is ideal for nurseries. It allows a natural control of sunlight as the sun passes overhead — unlike the ‘“‘cloudy day” effect created by materials such as shadecloth. The percentage of filtering can be pre-determined, allowing the environ- Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 wee Ps as a S38 ye ‘ oo Nylex Decorshade shown here filtering sunlight by a factor of 50%. ment created to be “tuned” to any- thing from hot and sunny to cool and cloudy. The possible uses of Decorshade in domestic applications are limited only by the imagination — patios, ferneries, greenhouses, sheds, veran- dahs, atriums and skylights are only some of them. In commercial applications, Decorshade offers a variety, versatility and durability that opens up many new alternatives for improving the workplace environment, public show- rooms, restaurants, etc. Besides the standard lattice and stripe patterns, any design can be supplied in commercial quantities, in- cluding company logos. Wherever it is used, Decorshade creates stunning effects, as the ac- companying photographs show. Enquiries about Decorshade should be made to Nylex Corporation Lim- ited, 300 Dandenong-Frankston Road, PO Box 307, Frankston, Vic., 3190, telephone (03) 786 5111. | Border Hil ore Australian native hybrids, cattleyas and paphios. Grown in the crisp mountain air of Queensland’s Granite Belt. Send stamp for list. Bankcard and Visacard welcome P.O. BOX 288 STANTHORPE QLD 4380 TEL: (076) 81 1386 Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 LYCASTE ‘‘Macama’’ Hybrids won 5 Championships also one A.M./N.S.W. at Sydney Spring Shows 1988 Seedlings in 100mm (4”) pots leaf length 6”-9". Wyuna Pale Beauty gained championship misc. section R.A.S. Mericlones available. Macama Orchids F and D. Alcorn 169 Pennant Hills Rd, Carlingford 2118 N.S.W. Australia. Phone (02) 630 1904 CYMBIDIUMS FOR SALE LARGE QUANTITIES OF MODERN NAMED VARIETIES GOOD RANGE OF COLOURS, CLEAN AND WELL GROWN. MINIMUM PURCHASE 100 PLANTS PRICED TO SELL READY TO FLOWER NEXT YEAR PHONE (02) 653 2020 IT’S GREAT, IT’S ‘BLOOMIN’ GREAT GIVE IT A GO MATE, IT’S NSE Distributed in NSW by: EVELIN ORCHIDS Fetal innlttice eco AE ee SORE RN ROAD Ia it , chunky, MAROOTA, NSW 2756 I lasting. N dt k t t ¥ SFT ATIDGIGRISSIETI TINT Sach Emiatent AUSTRALIA use, 6 grades available, single bags over 2 cft. For more information call your nearest agent, they will be glad to be of service to you. Discounts for quantity. Phone: (045) 66 8243 Fax: (045) 66 8321 Retailers required in NSW. Please phone for details AVAILABLE IN NSW FROM ALSTONVILLE Summerland Orchids & Foliage, 13 Ellis Rd, Alstonville, Phone: (066) 28 0506. Bob Wilson. BLUE MOUNTAINS — Valley Heights Orchids, 54 Great Western Highway, Phone: (047) 51 5757. Margaret & Doug Hall. BRUNSWICK HEADS Sheaffes Nursery, 38 Fingal Street, Brunswick Heads, Phone: (066) 85 1387. COFFSHARBOUR —_ Banana Coast Orchids, Nearns Lakes Rd, Woolgoolga, Phone: (066) 54 1183. KURRAJONG Growing Point Nursery, 12 Ala Moana Rd, Kurrajong, Phone (045) 73 1857. Neil Bowers. NEWCASTLE Mr Fred Fear, 97 Fassifern Rd, Blackalls Park, Phone: (049) 59 2702. SYDNEY Catt's Nursery & Garden Centre, 237 Marsden Rd, Carlingford, Phone: (02) 86 1317. SYDNEY Greenacre Garden Centre, Cnr Pandora St & Juno Pde, Greenacre, Phone: (02) 75 08493. Ron Sellars. SYDNEY Sydney Orchids, 38 Engadine Avenue, Engadine, Phone: (02) 52 04830. TUMBI UMBI Johnlan Orchids, Lot 5 Hansens Rd, Tumbi Umbi, Phone: (043) 88 1755. WOLLONGONG Trevor Bradford, 91 Edworth Avenue, Dapto 2530, Phone: (042) 61 2260. NORTH RICHMOND Waynes Home & Garden, 62 Bells Line Of Rd, North Richmond, Phone: (045) 71 2036. DURAL Swanes Nursery, Galston Rd, Dural, Phone: (02) 65 11322. DURAL Hargraves Nurseryland, Old Northern Rd, Dural, Phone: (02) 65 11833. PEAKHURST Altra Nursery, 5 Dapto Rd, Peakhurst, Phone: (02) 53 5176. TAREE Jack & Betty Herbert, 27 Beacher Steet, Tinonee, Phone: (065) 53 1131. SYLVANIA Catt’s Nursery, 80 Port Hacking Rd, Sylvania, Phone: (02) 52 27086. WAGGAWAGGA _ Riverina Orchids, Sturt Highway, Gumley Gumley Via Wagga, Phone: (069) 22 7328. WINDSOR Riverlands Garden Centre, George Street, South Windsor, Phone: (045) 72 5344. KEMPSEY H. G. Elrington Produce, 11 Berge Street, Kempsey, Phone: (065) 62 6255. 35 KEITHS NURSERY .\ IMPORTERS OF FINESTOCK &\—> Oonoonba Road Idalia. Townsville, Qld 4811 PHONE (077) 781329 A. H. (077) 782472 FAX (077) 781330 FOR SPECIES AND HYBRID ORCHIDS INCLUDING FLOWERING SIZE DIVISIONS OF OUR SELECTED CATTLEYA STOCK. WE HAVE EVER CHANGING NEW LISTINGS OF PLANTS FROM SEEDLING TO FLOWERING SIZE. Send SAE now for our latest catalogue. MICK and THELMA KEITH FRANK SLATTERY ORCHIDS OF MERIT 12 EDDYSTONE ROAD, BEXLEY, NSW 2207. PHONE 50 7985 (Off Stoney Creek Road, opposite Bexley Park) You are invited to call and inspect a large selection of various genera, including first class Cattleyas, Cymbidiums, Odontoglossums, Paphiopedilums, and all types of orchids suitable for bush and glasshouse. We publish regular listings of stock on hand — (Please enclose 60c for listings). “CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS, NAMES AND PARENTAGE”. New edition — complete to July 1983. Price $3.00 per copy plus 70c postage. Also new addendum July 1983 to December 1986. Price $2.50 posted. “THE NEW BOOK FOR ORCHID LOVERS” in colour. Price $5.00 per copy plus 90c postage. OPEN SEVEN DAYS WEEKLY We carry large stocks of all types of orchids suitable for shade and glasshouse culture. We also stock fertilizers, ready-mixed compost, all types of sprays including ‘Physan’, water brakes and extension handles, sphagnam moss : (Tasmania) and Dundas sprinklers for watering and misting. The Australian Orchid Foundation was established in 1975 as a non-profit research organization dedicated to the preservation and cultivation of orchids in Australia. Through a nationwide competition the ‘FW. Paddock Memorial Research Project 1988', the Foundation has identified four Projects relating to major problems of growth in cultivated orchids. 1 Bud drop in hard cane Dendrobiums and other genera. 2 The period of time or age of the orchid flower when the stigmatic surface is most receptive for pollination. 3 The life cycle of the Dendrobium beetle, and its control, (Stetbopachus formosa). 4 Leaf tip dieback in orchids of various genera, its causes and remedy. The Foundation, subject to the conditions outlined below, is prepared to fund further research in these areas. Submissions of interest are invited from graduate students or suitably qualified researchers. Submissions should include an outline of the proposed research, estimated costs, a research deadline, the candidate's background, and research interests, and the name of an appropriate referee or supervisor. Applications should be forwarded, before 2 October 839, to the: Hon. Secretary, Mr Peter Rushbrook, 720 Whitehorse Road, Mitcham, Victoria 3132. 36 CA Lakeside oe Orchids EXPERIENCED NORTHERN TERRITORY GROWERS OF LOWLAND TROPICAL ORCHIDS. Intermediate Dendrobiums, JVB Vandas and vandaceous topcuts are our speciality. Send S.A.E. for price list. Location: Lot 31 Nottage Road, Bees Creek (34 km from Darwin on sealed roads). Postal Address: P.O. Box 633, Palmerston, N.T. 0831. Telephone (089) 88 1004 Proprietors: Lloyd & Win Kent Bankcard and Mastercard Welcome. GROWING POINT ORCHIDS 12 Ala Moana Rd, E. Kurrajong 2758 TEL. (045) 73 1857 Mini & Inter Cymbids, greens, pinks, yellow, reds etc. Phalaenopsis in spike and flower, suitable pot plant or cut flower. Compact Cattleya SLC Hazel Boyds, red, yellow, & Autumn shades. BLC’s White with purple splash, lavender, red with yellow edging, etc. Other stock include dendrobes, Zygopetalum, Stanhopea, Oncidium. TAKE A DAY TO LEARN BASIC ORCHID SEED SOWING Classes will be held in October costing $60 per person. We only take 5 people at a time so ring or write for details quickly. The ’ course is ‘hands on’ you have your own work area for the day. Please phone before visiting - send 39c stamp for list. Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 VICTORIA Australasian Native OrchidSociety SPRING: Saturday 30th September 11 am-6 pm and Sunday Ist October 9 am-4 pm. National Herbarium, Birdwood Av- enue, South Yarra. Melway Map 58, A.1. Bendigo Orchid Club Inc. SPRING: Friday 13th October 10 am-8.30 pm. Saturday 14th October 10 am-6 pm. Sunday 15th October 10 am-4 pm. Geelong Orchid & Indoor Plant Club Inc. SPRING: 30th September & Ist October, Saturday 1 pm-9 pm, Sunday 10 am-5 pm. Centenary Hall Cox Road, Norlane. Melbourne Eastern Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: World of Orchids. 5th-8th October, Thursday, Friday, Saturday 9 am-9 pm, Sunday 10 am- 5 pm. Mechanics Institute, Oakleigh. Orchid Species Society of Victoria SPRING: Saturday 16th September and Sunday 17th September. Herbarium Hall, Birdwood Avenue, South Yarra. Mornington Peninsular Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: Mornington Peninsular Orchid Society Inc. Show, Saturday 7th to Sunday 8th October. Saturday 9 am-6 pm and Sunday 10 am-5 pm. Frankston High School Assembly Hall, Tower Hill Road, Frankston. NSW & ACT Berowra Orchid Society SPRING: Friday 15th September 12 noon-9 pm, Saturday 16th September 9 am-9 pm. Berowra Community Centre, Gully Road, Berowra NSW. Blue Mountains & District Orchid Society SPRING: 9th September 12 noon-5 pm, 10th September 9 am-4 pm. The Melrose Hall, Emu Plains. Byron District Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: 15th-16th September 9 am-5 pm. Mullumbimby United Church Hall. Campbelltown & District Orchid Society SPRING: Thursday 7th September, Fri- day 8th September 9 am-9 pm and Satur- day 9th September 9 am-3 pm. Macarthur Square, Campbelltown. Casino and District Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: 22nd September 9 am-6 pm, 23rd September 9 am-4.30 pm. R.S.L. Hall, Canterbury Street, Casino 2470. Featuring THE CHAMPION ORCHID OF SUMMERLAND also Bromeliad Dis- play. R.S.L. Hall, Canterbury Street, Ca- sino. City of Lismore Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: 7th September 9 am-7.30 pm, 8th September 9 am-6 pm, 9th September 9 am-7 pm, 10th September 9 am-3 pm. City of Lismore Orchid Society Inc., Ballina Street, Lismore. Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 Cumberland Orchid Society SPRING: 30th August 9 am-5 pm, 3lst August 9 am-9 pm, Ist September 9 am-5 pm, 2nd September 9 am-4 pm. Castle Towers Shopping Centre. Great Lakes Orchid Society SPRING: 30th September & Ist October 9 am-5 pm. Forster Primary School, Middle Street. Hawkesbury District Orchid Society SPRING: Saturday 2nd September 12 noon-5.30 pm and Sunday 3rd September 9 am-5.30 pm. Senior Citizens Centre, Richmond. Illawarra District Orchid Society SPRING: 3lst August 9 am-9 pm, Ist September 9 am-5 pm, 2nd September 9 am-12 noon. AUTUMN: Ist June 9 am-9 pm, 2nd June 9 am-5 pm, 3rd June 9 am-12 noon. Morisset & Lakes District Orchid Society SPRING: Wednesday 23rd August, Thurs- day 24th August, Friday 25th August and Saturday 26th August. During shopping hours. Wyong Plaza. Mullumbimby Orchid Society SPRING: Byron District Orchid Society Inc. 15 & 16th September. 9 am-5 pm. Mullumbimby United Church Hall. Nambucca Valley Orchid Society SPRING: 8th September 9 am-8 pm, 9th September 9 am-4 pm. Nambucca Enter- tainment Centre, Ridge St, Nambucca Heads. North Shore Orchid Society SPRING: 28th-30th August 9 am-5 pm, 31st August 9 am-9 pm, Ist September 9 am-6 pm, 2nd September 9 am-4 pm. Lemon Grove Shopping Centre, Victoria Avenue, Chatswood. Northern Rivers Orchid Species Society SPRING: 26th & 27th October 9 am-9 pm, 28th October 9 am-12 noon. Species show and hybrids. Lismore Shopping Square. Orchid Society of Canberra SPRING: 9th September 12 noon-5 pm, 10th September 9 am-4 pm. Phillip Col- lege, Launceston Street, Phillip, ACT. Panania-East Hills (R.S.L.) Orchid So- ciety SPRING: 9th September 10.30 am-4.30 pm. Panania Senior Citizen’s Centre, Cnr Anderson Avenue & Peffer Street, Panania. Southern Riverina Orchid Society SPRING: Saturday 8 am to 5 pm, Sunday 9am to 5pm. Dates and venue to be advised. Sutherland Shire Orchid Society SPRING: Saturday 16th September- Sunday 24th September 9 am-5 pm. Catts Nursery, 80 Port Hacking Road, Sylvania. TAMBORINE MOUNTAIN ORCHIDS 158 Long Road, (P.O. Box 4) Eagle Heights, Queensland 427 1 Telephone (075) 45 1303 Importers and Hybridisers of QUALITY ORCHIDS Cattleys-Cymbidiums-Japanese Dendrobiums-Miscellaneous — in both Seedlings and Mericlones. (CLOSED SUNDAYS) 1989 CATALOGUE available on request (Please include 39c stamp) N.S.W. Central Coast Agents Wyong Orchid Nurseries Basford Road, Lake Munmorah, N.S.W. 2259 Telephone (043) 58 8563 Open every day 1800mm (6’) Knitted erm per 50m roll 50% 3.95 $169 70% $4.60 $195 80% $5.40 $225 SHADE CLOTH STILL THE CHEAPEST Queensland’s largest range of shade cloth in green, black, brown and white. Top quality guaranteed. 3600mm (12’) Knitted erm per 50m roll 50% 7.90 $320 70% $9.20 $380 80% $10.80 $450 i y yaa ita] NEWMARKET VAMDALAAAAALMAMA AMAA hi hhh hkl hhkhhida 176 Enoggera Rd, Newmarket, Q. 4051 Ph (07) 356 0162 Country Orders Welcome. 37 TINONEE ORCHID NURSERY 482 Mondrook Rd, Tinonee. Via Taree, NSW 2430. Phone 065 53 1012 We have the largest collection of easy to grow orchids on the NSW Mid-North Coast. Exciting new hybrids and line bred species in stock, in most popular genera. Visitors welcome Saturdays or by appointment. List available on request. Tandara Orchids Quality Cattleyas Strong plants from small to flowering sizes Send 39¢ stamp for comprehensive listing. Tandara Orchid Nursery PO Box 235, Tolga, 4882 LUGARNO ORCHID CO PTY LTD Proprietor: B.C. & J.E. Schwartz 1178 Forest Road, Lugarno 2210 Phone 53 9708 MERICLONES Cymbidiums — Cattleyas Miniature Cymbidiums — Dendrobiums DIVISIONS Cattleyas — Cymbidiums.— Paphs Phalaenopsis — Japanese Dendrobiums ——————_—_—___ First class Cattleya Seedlings from 3” Pots to Flowering Size Also Award Mature Cattleyas & Exhibition Types. Flowering size. Send for List. LARGE STOCKS OF PHALAENOPSIS AND CATTLEYA COMPOTS. Sylvia Fry crosses available, also large range of Cattleya Seedlings designed to give ¥ Award Shape and Colour Expectancy. 38 The Australasian Native Orchid Society — Warringah Group SPRING: Friday 8th September 12 noon- 10pm, Saturday 9th September 9 am- 8 pm, Sunday 10th September 9 am-4 pm. Mona Vale Memorial Hall, Pittwater Road, Mona Vale. QUEENSLAND Maroochydore Orchid Society SPRING: Thursday 3rd August, Friday 4th August 8.30 am-5 pm. Saturday 5th August 8.30 am-2.30 pm. Maroochydore Shopping Centre. Maroochydore Orchid Display, Sth, 6th & 7th October. Maroochydore Shopping Centre. Tropical Queensland Orchid Council Meetings held in Townsville in March and November, Conference held in June (Queen’s Birthday Weekend) Host Society 1989 — TULLY. Wynnum Manly District Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: Saturday, 29th September and Sunday Ist October, R.S.L. Hall, Melville Terrace, Manly Qld. WESTERN AUSTRALIA Albany Orchid Society SPRING: 21st-23rd September (venue not known). Augusta and Districts Orchid Society SPRING: 15th-16th September, CWA Hall, Augusta. Bunbury Orchid Society SPRING: 27th-30th September (venue to be advised). Esperance Orchid Society SPRING: 6th September (venue not known). Geraldton Orchid Society No shows planned 1989. TASMANIA Burnie Orchid Society SPRING: Friday 13th October 1 pm-9 pm. Saturday 14th October 9 am-9 pm. Sunday 15th October 9 am-5 pm. Burnie Civic Centre. Launceston Orchid Society Inc. SPRING: 6th October 2 pm-9pm, 7th October 9.30 am-9 pm, 8th October 9.30 am-6 pm. 1989 spring show coincides with our |lth Tasmanian Conference. The Launceston Orchid Society are hosts. Litchfield Orchid Club SPRING: Palmerston Orchid Display. Date to be set possibly Oct ’89. SOUTH AUSTRALIA Port Augusta Orchid Club SPRING: Friday 22nd September 12 noon-7 pm. Saturday 23rd September 9 am-7 pm. Sunday 24th September 9 am- 2 pm. Cooinda Hall. Melville Districts Orchid Society SPRING: 2nd-3rd September, Edinger Hall, Melville. Mandurah Orchid Club SPRING: 16th-17th September. Aquatic Centre, Mandurah. DISPLAY ONLY: 2nd-5th August. KMart Shopping Centre, Mandurah. Northern Districts Orchid Society SPRING: (To be advised). Orchid Society of Western Australia Roy SPRING: 13th-16th September. Metro Maddington Shopping Centre, Maddington. South Eastern Orchid Society of W.A. SPRING: 26th-27th August. Kelmscott Agricultural Hall, Kelmscott. Wanneroo Districts Orchid Society SPRING: 7th-9th September. Whitfords Shopping Centre, Whitfords. DISPLAY ONLY: 24th-25th June. Lesser Hall, Wanneroo Shire Offices, Wanneroo. YN 3S Oe, 58 ENGADINE AVE, ENGADINE N.S.W. We specialize in Miniature, Inter- mediate & Standard Cymbidiums, Zygopetalums, Dendrobiums and have many other temperate to cool growing genera. Mail and telephone orders/enquiries are most welcome and satisfaction is GUARANTEED. AUSSIE BARK 55 litres (2 cu.ft.) BAG $20.00 OR 6 BAGS FOR $105.00 | on 2) t— f So when in Sydney call & see us or send a stamped self addressed envelope for our latest listing. (02) 520 4830 NURSERY OPEN WEEKENDS. OTHER TIMES BY APPOINTMENT. Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 ADVERTISERS INDEX May, P. & OLP. css AMP Cloning Lab Aranbeem Orchids.... Arundel Estate Orchid: 4 McQuerry Orchid Books........ 31 Aust. Orchid Foundation........: Meredith, York 2 a ° . Banana Coast Orchids........... Merrelen Orchids .... cent U St f ‘e| | a ‘al ie | eV/ | CW Border Hills Orchids... f Mooroolbark Orchids .........++ Bryant, Alvin........ Monatt, G.P. & D.E. . Campbell, Colin... Mt. Pleasant Orchid Cape Oasis vs Myall Orchids ve Ghar Orchid Nu Cod Fae aa A ONE YEAR SUBSCRIPTION COVERS 6 ISSUES AND A Col Orchids sescsnseese Orchid Valley... 53 tea | eae TWO YEAR SUBSCRIPTION COVERS 12 ISSUES. RE ED ee ee Please tick 1 Renewal New Cymbidium City Orchids ........ PJA Orchid Lab 33 . . . ty Bos ah Ocha Nissan 5 Powell, Tony Sent to Graphic World Pty. Ltd., 14 McGill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia Digital Audio Processing........17 Price, R.G. & 8 Dingley Fern Market... " Price Rite..... we A Bed cea pact : Ron Cod ty eb aes ONE YEAR (6 ISSUES) | TWO YEARS (12 ISSUES) sy re nds: eossscccccssvccscccvscscesled =—«- FUOYEIO UPCHUCGS ......cerrrcrereccceee Australia oO $A29.50 oO $A55.00 23, Saltwater Creek Nursery... 32 Famronnaraa i See New Zealand (Sea Mai) [1 $NZ41.00 or $34.00 1 $NZ75.00 or $464.00 Flora Propagation 225) Seldel, Alvin’. 24 Overseas (Sea Mail) G US$34.00 1 US$62.00 Ne ee ae Aa eon ee OE : New Zealand (Air Mail) (1 $NZ49.00 or $441.00 1 $NZ94.00 or $479.00 Growing Point Orchids........... Sunshine Orchid Nursery.......29 Overseas (Air Mail) 0 US$44.00 0 US$80.00 Henry, TOM rrermnsenernee Sydney OFChidS.nnrverrerree 38 Enclosed is my cheque for (Payable to Graphic World Pty Ltd) Humpybong Orchid Nursery ..12 Taida Horticultural Co Ltd ......28 Keiths NUrSe@Ly ......::--csssseeeseees 36 Tamborine Mountain Orchids.37 or charge my Bankcard 0 Amex © Diners 0 |Mastercard O |} Visa O Kudla Orchid Nursery AT Tandara Orchids.........++ 2088 Lakeside Orchids 1 . = Boer” | EDEEEEEEEEEIIEELID) — ©ein dete Macama Orchids . Wondabah Orchids. 39 ..36 Tinonee Orchid Nursery Lonne's Nursery . ..34 Twin Oaks Books Inc... Lugarno Orchid Co 35 cred Mackinney’s Nursery ............. 25 Wyong Orchid Nursery........... 25 Mandurang Orchid Nursery....12 Mr/Mrs/Ms Address BUYERS GUIDE ORCHID STUDY COURSE by corre- spondence. 140 other courses including propagation, greenhouse management, tis- sue culture, wholesale nursery. Details from A.H.C.S. 264 Swansea Rd, Lilydale. Ph (03) 736 1882. SPECIE PAPHIO ADDICTS now being catered for by NOVO ORCHIDS with plants at affordable prices from Thailand, China and Philippines send stamp for listing P.O. Box 154, Adamstown 2289. aie S.L. Orpetti THIS BEAUTIFULLY COLOURED ORCHID IS AN EASY ORCHID TO GROW AND FLOWER. WE HAVE S.L. ORPETTI AVAILABLE AS SEEDLINGS. WHEN FULLY MATURE PLANT WILL CARRY UPWARDS OF 30 FLOWERS. WE HAVE OTHER SOPHRO-LAELIA CROSSES AVAILABLE IN COLOURS FROM YEL- LOW ORANGE TO DEEPEST RED, SHADEHOUSE OR GLASSHOUSE GROWER IN 70 M.L. PLASTIC POTS PRICED AT $7.50 EACH. OUR NEW AUTUMN/WINTER CATALOGUE AVAILABLE MID APRIL. NEW CROSSES RELEASED FROM 1ST MAY. Nursery Hrs. Nov. /April May only June till Oct. 31 Mon-Friday 9-5 Mon-Sat 7 Days A Week (Phone for weekend 9-5 pm 9-5 arrangements) CRISPINS NATIVE ORCHID NURSERY TELEPHONE (066) 42 4524 Specialising in Specimen-size Native Orchids Extensive range of cool gréwing Queensland Natives Flowering size Hybrid Natives Large Range of Staghorns & Elkhorns Dispatch anywhere in Australia SAE for price list to 126 ALICE STREET, GRAFTON, NSW 2460 Australian Orchid Review, August 1989 39 Attention - wholesale buyers, nurseries and club secretaries Super advanced CP size mericlones These super advanced CP size mericlones include our latest and best varieties. The plants have been growing in shade house conditions for over 12 months and are in first class condition. 25 of any one variety, $6 each. 1,000+ mixed or the same variety, $4 each 10,000+ mixed or the same variety, $2 each Freight Free V206 MELANIE ‘ANDERSON’ V217 WINTER FIRE ‘FLARE’ V220 IVY FUNG ‘RADIANCE’ HCC/AOS V227 ARUNTA‘CHIEFTAN’ 228 EMBERS ‘YOWIE BAY’ HCC/NSW V230 LEOPARD LADY ‘LEOTARD' (4N) V236 ARUNTA ‘DESERT SAND’ V237 EASTERN STAR ‘KAWANO'(4N) V239 LUNATA ‘PURPLE HAZE’ (4N) V240 LUNATA ‘BROWN GLOW’ (4N) V241 RUBY EYES ‘ROYAL SHOW’ V242 LUNATA ‘SUNTAN’ (4N) 244 VIVACIOUS ‘MAGNIFICIENT’ (4N) _ V260 LEILA MAY ‘AVANTE’ — V268 LUNATA ‘CHOC MINT’.(4N) V269 PURE JUNGLE ‘TETRA GREEN’ (4N) V270 EARLY PALACE ‘CORONET PEAK’ (4N) V278 SARAH JEAN ‘PEACH’ V281 PURE BISQUE ‘ICE GREEN’ (4N) V282 MINI MARY ‘LITTLE LAMB’ . V286 EAGLEWOOD ‘APPLE GREEN’ (4N) V821 LEODOGRAN ‘CRADLEMONT’ AM/AOS V918 IVY FUNG ‘SULTAN’ AM/AOS, HCC/OCSA V935 MINI MINT ‘MAXINE’ HCC/AOS V944 ROJO NEGRO ‘REYNELLA’ Mail Order Specialists Valley Orchids new 1989/90 full colour catalogue is essential reading for anyone who is interested in Cymbidiums. Send for your free copy now. Bob & Maureen Nicolle VALLEY ORCHIDS PIMPALA ROAD SOUTH AUSTRALIA Phone:(08) 381 2609 International:(618) 381 2609 FAX:(08) 381 8335 | Please send me your 1989 - 90 Cymbidium catalogue Address MORPHETT VALE 5162 | | | | Name | Sl Fe ee H Australian Volume 54 — No. 5 Registered by Australia Post Publication No. NBHO770 NAIA ©) © KO) =) = 5 cl ss9) YORK’S DISAPPEARING ASIAN SPECIES Those = spectacular — ‘Indian’ Dendrobiums! — Jewel-like Ascocentrums! Great Vanda and Paph. species! Importing them is just about impossible now. York still has big flowering-size plants of them — but when these are gone, they're gone! THE VANISHING ASIAN DENDROBIUMS; COLLECT THEM WHILE YOU MAY! Den. thyrsiflorum: Thailand. Photographed. Lush, pendulous flower heads in white with gold lip. Fine plants .........cccccesceeeseseseseeeseene C. $18 Den. parishii: Burma, Thailand. Rose-purple flowers about 5 cms across, with downy lip on those unusual nobbly DUIDS........ccccceeeeessereeeees 1. $18 Den. farmeri: Thailand, India. Flower heads like bunches of grapes. Flowers white to pink with yellow lip ....cc..ccccccscscesssscesessssesverestesesseneesene 1. $18 Den. formosum var giganteum: Thailand. Snow-white flowers up to 4” or 5” across with showy yellow on lip. SUMMEL.......cccsccscsseseseeeseesesseseeee 1. $18 Den. aggregatum: Thailand. Chunky bulbs, brilliant gold, round, per- fumed flowers on fine-stemmed racemes. Good-size plants. .............. 1. $18 Den. brymerianum: Big golden flowers. The orange lip has an incredible fimbriated ‘‘beard"’. One of the rarely-seen GENS ........eceeeeeeeececeseeeseee 1. $18 Den. findlayanum: Thailand. Unusual form. White to lilac, flushed with purpletandalgold:throated] lip pemavere a asta asa senna mannan! C. $18 Den. sutepense: Thailand. Showy white flowers on slim upright stems. Something unusual. Cool Growing ......cecccsscesscessesseessessvessesssessessessesseseees $18 AND A SUPER CALANTHE VESTITA V. OCULATA NOT your regular Calanthe vestita v. oculata but the rare forma gigantea with the dense white flowers about three times the usual size and with a brilliant flame-red eye. Fine plants and the flower is a knockout. Few onl El elite a dstivutedtirent teren H. $3 LYCASTES EX PERU AND HONDURAS Lycaste aromatica: the perfumed, waxy gold flowers (about 2”) make their show when the deciduous leaves have fallen! Easy to Ole eterrrtrrrrerenrrng reesigrisereesieteriat tee C. $25 Lycaste xytriophora: Peru. Unusual yellow- green flowers mottled with brown. Rare SPecies erewee eae Shee C-1. $35 Grobya amherstiae: Brazil. Elegant rarity related to Cyrtopodium. Up to ten greenish- translucent flowers with purple spots on 15cm sprays. It will open a few eyes when you take it to a meeting! ............e ce H. $35 Stenocoryne vitellina: Brazil. Dark, flat, brown-green bulbs throw slender _ inflor- escences of brown-yellow flowers, usually flushed with red and with purple in throat. Related to Bifrenaria...........cceeseeeeeees $30 Cattleya luteola: Compact gem from Peru. Two to six delightful lemon yellow flowers, usually with perfume. A charming miniature; Needs warmthbresenteecsrrtenerettate rte $35 — AND PROMENAEAS! Promenaea stapelioides: Brazil. Two inch flowers, green/yellow with lurid purple on a compact, easy-to-grow plant. Something differentBiertrareeer tet aan roan I-H. $24 Promenaea xanthina: Brazil. Similar to above but the long-lasting flowers are citron- yellow with red dots on the lip. Flowers in SUMIMCM steiner a mean rere nne a I-H. $24 BANKCARD WELCOME. Please include full postal address, to facilitate delivery by ex- press road freight personal signature and expiry date. Add $15 packing and freight cost for any size of order. YORK’S DISAPPEARING COLLECTION OF ASCOCENTRUMS FIVE of the brilliant Ascocentrum species and they all look great! Big, ready-to-flower plants growing beautifully. Give them plenty of light, plenty of humidity and they're Sayer flowering jewels. Winter minimum BUY THEM ALL! Ascocentrum ampullaceum, purple. Asc. curvifolium, spring-flowering orange. Asc. miniatum, cinnabar. Each $20. and Asc. micranthum; few only of these at $18. See them in flower soon! VANDA DENISONIANA Beauty from Thailand; a great Vanda species not often seen here. Greenish white to ivory to yellow, long-lasting two-inch flowers, deliciously fragrant, usually in Spring. Inter- mediate to warm. York has fine plants at $20. Rhynchostylis retusa: Thailand. Handsome and unusual leathery leaves and great white roots! Long pendulous foxtails of waxy flowers about %4’ across. White with purple spots and a solid purple lip. Flowers Summer TOFAUTUMNEWarm merece tierra $25 ACAMPE LONGIFOLIA Thailand. Thick, stiff, vanda-like leaves throw a dense rosette of fleshy flowers; lemon yellow barred with crimson; spotted lip. ean arvrrtireraeareosiniroires erent 25 Paph. hirsutissimum: India. Dramatic 4” purple/green flowers on a stem covered in dark purple hairs. Large helmet-shaped, green/brown lip. Cool grower. $20. Some largen plantSiatieessere tite rena $25 AMERICAN FIR BARK. York regrets that current stocks are completely sold out. A new shipment is on its way but the bad news is, it’s going to be dearer. Still, there’s nothing in the world to beat it; more details in next A.O.R. YORK MEREDITH Little Willandra Road, Cromer, 2099. Telephone (02) 971 6321. /A\ustralian Orchid Review HONORARY EDITOR: David R. Wallace EDITORIAL COMMITTEE: A. Alvis, D. Banks, G. Hansen, A. Merriman, D.R. Wallace. ADDRESS EDITORIAL TO: The Editor, Australian Orchid Review, 14 McGill Street, Lewisham NSW _ 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166. EDITORIAL ASSOCIATES: QUEENSLAND: Mr Frank Oelkers, 419 Robinson Road, Beebung 4034. NORTH QUEENSLAND: Mr Ray Robinson, P.O. Box 129, Townsville 4810. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: MrS. A. Monkhouse, P.O. Box | O’Halloran Hill 5155. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mr Rob Manning, 16 Cromer Road, Brentwood, Perth, 6153. TASMANIA: Mr Nicholas, 7 Kelvin Avenue, Moonah 7009. INTERNATIONAL: Mr G. H. Slade, Box 797 Vila. Vanuatu The Official Publication of the Orchid Society of New South Wales, Queensland Orchid Society, Victorian Orchid Club, Orchid Club of South Australia, Orchid Society of Western Australia, Tasmanian Orchid Society. TO JOIN AN ORCHID SOCIETY contact these secretaries: NSW: Miss B. Oldfield, 61 Avenue, Guildford 2161. Phone: (02) 6325712. QUEENSLAND: Mrs Noela Parsons, G.P.O. Box 2002 Brisbane 4001. Phone: (07) 273 1127. VICTORIA: Mrs I. Hutchins, 37 Elliot Street, Mordialloc 3195. Phone: (03) 580 4917. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Mr Glen Heylen, Box 730 G.P.O. Adelaide 5001. Phone: (08) 44 4255. WEST AUSTRALIA: Mrs L. Manning, P.O. Box 1122, Booragoon, 6153. Phone: (09) 364 7968. TASMANIA: Mr J. F. Smith, 11 Warren Court, Howrah 7018. Phone: (002) 44 1555. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Honorary Secretary, P.O. Box 38493, Winnellie 5789. Phone: (089) 32 1977. Published and printed by GRAPHIC WORLD PTY LTD. 14 Mc Gill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049 Australia. Phone: (02) 560 6166 Fax: (02) 560 6677 While the Proprietors of the Australian Orchid Review endeavour to assure the reliability of advertising and editorial, neither the Proprietors of the “Australian Orchid Review” nor the Editor and the affiliated Orchid Societies can assume responsibility for the advice or transaction between advertisers and readers. Mountford Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 WHERE PARENTAGE COUNTS Cronulla ‘‘the Khan” A.M.N.S.W.OS. This beautiful polychrome show winning pink was awarded this July. Meridone details ; are in our November 1989 free mailing list. 4 ir} ] if = te BwINIV sus ALVIN BRYANT Nursery, 22 Cook Street Kurnell, NSW, Australia 2231 Telephone: (02) 668 9374. Fax: (02) 668 8119. Volume 54 — No. 5 October, 1989 CONTENTS Features: Conservation Minded . . . or Narrow Minded........cccccceececeeeeee 4 Glomerella Leaf-Blight in Cymbidiums. 9 OrchiditlybridisingW....snetan.n 15 Fusarium wilt in Cymbidiums ............... 18 The Life and Times of Kenneth Alexander Macpherson ...... 20 The 1st Australian Native Orchid Conference & SHOW ....cecccscscsesesecees 25 Orchids of the Innisfail and District....... 29 New Species Society formed in W.A..... 37 Cover: Paphiopedilum henryanum This species shows the dilema that faces those wishing to implement laws to protect wild species. While private collectors were instrumental for its dis- covery, they were also responsible for its overcollection, threatening the species very in situ existence. However, while this may be the case, enough plants have now reached private insti- tutions. These will ensure its continued ex situ survival. Hundreds of plants are already growing in flask in our labora- tory. To safeguard against habitat de- struction, wild collected plants must be allowed to trickle through to concerned individuals. See Conservation Minded ... or Narrow Minded article on p.4. Regular Features: BookiReVic Waar anne ne 33 lettersitoithelECditojeeae sesame 34 BUYers| GUI Remtes ant eleanor nnn 39 SEEPS SAO eer SSIS TT Editorial copy: Articles for publication and consideration should be sent to: AOR Editor, David Wallace, 90 Great Western Highway, Blaxland, NSW 2774. All other correspondence to: AOR Publisher, Graphic World, 14 McGill Street, Lewisham, NSW 2049. a] Advertisers: Advertising deadline for the December issue is November 1, 1989. All advertising bookings and enquiries should be directed to Barry Badger. Phone: 319 1600. Fax: 698 9282. ESE EY Subscriptions: See insert. [) AA s the forests fall, governments, i botanists and some concerned individuals are exploring better ways in which to implement some form of legislation which will work effectively in conserving threatened species. Unfortunately, so far, little input has been asked of private indiv- iduals, resulting in signs that would tend to indicate that a form of ‘blanket legislation’ will be implemented. This will have adverse affects on the entire conservation movement particularly on those that have been instrumental in mass production of plants by tissue culture and seed. This article will deal with the problems confronted by our establishment which is concerned with the preservation of the Cypripedioidiae. CITES, the Convention on Inter- national Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora entered into force on July 1 1975 and now has Paphiopedilum delenatii Discovered in 1913 in the area of Tonkin, Vietnam, Paphiopedilum delenatii owes its very existence to the fine work undertaken by the private firm of Vacherot and Lecoufle of France. It is reported that only two plants were y D ever discovered, one of which died at Kew Gardens. The only remaining { iG C) at a. a’ plant was procurred by the aforementioned firm, who propogated hun- Q 7 AN ) oS a (=) L dreds of plants for the world market. Where would this species be today if ww ww Noe wT S the fate of the species had been left in the hands of the bureaucrats and or Nalrc UI INA oe CA atl Botanical institutions. Text: R.D. Kramer more than 100 member countries. These countries act by banning com- mercial trade in an agreed list of currently endangered species and by regulating and monitoring trade in others that may be endangered. Many species are declining in numbers be- cause of loss of habitat and the in- creased exploitation of natural re- sources as human populations grow. The trade in rare orchid species is a highly lucrative business and includes a wide variety of species. The most endangered species are listed on ap- pendix one., these are species which are currently threatened with extinc- tion. So as not to endanger them further, no permits are issued for inter- national trade in these species unless j ©) there are exceptional circumstances. Paphiopedilum druryi Countries can, if they wish, impose Much has been written about the overcollection of this species, with little comment being given stricter controls. Appendix 2 species about the other major factor which has seen the natural populations being decimated. The are those next most threatened. Trade indigenous population has been so hungry for timber products that most of the area has now continues with these species but is been cleared. The remnants that still remain on the Travancore Hills in Southern India cling to : the very edge of survival. The micro climate has been so altered that the natural populations of Carefully monitored. Paphiopedilum druryi are slowly declining to dangerous levels. Now on appendix 1, trade in the The CITES Convention was never species is totally restricted. Thankfully, there are reasonable numbers in artificial cultivation. designed to ban all trade in wildlife products but to ensure that trade does not contribute to the possible extinc- tion of species, flora & fauna. 4 Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 The problems associated with re- strictive legislation is that it inhibits those that are connected with valuable research and conservation work. In order for us to be able to propogate species Paphiopedilum and Phragmipediums in artificial culti- vation, we need to be able to import either seed or plants. The latter is at times more appropriate as most of the governmental institutions we have dealt with show limited knowledge of how to properly look after the seed. If seed is not stored properly its viability is dramatically reduced. To be able to obtain seed of s6me of the rarer species from these institutions is almost impossible. This can be said of even the largest institutions and Bot- anical Gardens. The second problem of seed is one of acquisition. Botanical institutions are at times loathe to deal with the public, so by the time one has passed all their security clearances and indecd ... inded? Photography: Salvador Costelo ‘hoohah’, another football field size of jungle has been cleared. Several of the worlds well known botanists have stated that all trade in the Paphopedilums and Phragma- pedians should be halted, with the major conservation work being carried out by the well established Botanic Gardens. I honestly question whether they have put any thought into the problems associated with conser- vation issues. As has been mentioned, botanical institutions have a rather poor record concerning the preser- vation of species by propogation and the best documented cases of conser- vation have all been achieved by pri- vate institutions or collections. The greatest achievement documented was that of Vacherot and Lecoufle con- nected with the saving of Paphiopedilum delenatii. If the work had been left to the botanical insti- tutions the plant could well be extinct. Another example of ex situ conser- vation was carried out by Tonkins Orchids who propogated and grew thousands of Paphiopedilum rothschildianum (many now flowering size), and released them on the world Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 market at reasonable prices. A flower- ing plant can be obtained for US$300 (which has had about 6-7 yrs growing). Even my small establishment has al- ready released some 9,000 plants in flask with a further 3,000 being grown on for those that have difficulty in deflasking. The question must be asked; Where would these projects be if initially the people concerned would have been restricted from importing the parent stock? The question asked should not be one of total cessation of trade but one of proper management of the threat- ened species. While the legislation may be well intentioned, flaws will always be in evidence. An example of this is the original conservation project carried out by Kew Gardens and Edinburgh, dealing with the species Paphiopedilum sanderianum. Several plants were collected in the late seventies, one of which went to the aforementioned botanic Gardens. Hoping to save the species in its natural habitat, the plant was polli- nated and seed sent to several flaskers in the United States. At this point greed seemed to have taken over from the original conservation effort and seedlings appeared on the market at ludicrous prices. In Australia 4” seed- lings were sold A$150, far outside the reach of most growers. When plants collected from the wild appeared on the market for US$300 they were naturally preferred. This then posed the third major problem; to whom do you entrust very rare and endangered species. There are those unfortunately, who jump on the conservation wagon so long as there are high financial rewards at the end of the road. The horticultural world is moving into an era where closet conservation- ists are each vying for a place of recognition for some aspect of unacclaimed conservation _ work. When the glory and self gratification is over, very few nurseries and private institutions continue to show the zeal they did initially unless there are fin- ancial or personal rewards to be had. The simplistic and unrealistic view- point is that if all trade ceases, the plants would be safe and protected. Reality has shown us that the wood products of the poorer developing countries has led them to devastate large tracts of woodland to the point where not only are the flora and fauna severely threatened, but also the indi- genous peoples very existence. If a cessationist type of legislation was to be eventually implemented the stark realities of the impact on the survival of a certain species would Paphiopedilum sanderianum In the early 1980's, this horticulturally rare plant was re-introduced into cultivation. For approximately 10 years no_ substantial propogating successes have been achieved. The Kew, Edinburgh plant was pollinated in 1983 and seed sent to private flaskers in the USA. Unfortunately this was not publicised and unscrupulous collectors continued to search for the plant until in 1987 large numbers of plants were removed from its National Park habitat and shipped to Japan, USA and Germany. The seedlings of the initial Kew plant were finally released in Australia in 1988 for a staggering A$150, per 2” growth. While ridiculous prices like this are being asked for, wild collected plants will find ready buyers. This well intentioned conser- vation project by Kew Gardens was unfortu- nately a dismal failure. soon be felt. An example of this is illustrated by the following example. Any new species that is discovered after the legislation is put into force, would be impossible to import legally, therefore restricting almost totally the work which could be carried out by individuals who do not have govern- ment backing. Prohabition has not been effective anywhere in the world and if a categorical safeguard on the species habitat cannot be given, then restrictive legislation should be given ‘the thumbs down’. By creating an environment where species prices are likely to soar to record highs, the authorities are seal- ing the fate of the worlds flora and fauna. This will create an environ- ment for the ‘undesirables’ to thrive, (ie) those where no moral boundaries 5 BaZ EOL LION Paphiopedilum rothschildianum in situ The now threatened Paphiopedilum rothschildianum shown growing in high light amongst sedgy grasses and sprouted on the roots of a large Casuarina tree. Although thousands of seedlings are produced annually world-wide, unscrupulous orchid vandals are still plundering its National Park habitat. In fact, the only known habitat of the species. Any wild collected plants offered for sale have been illegally collected. This photograph supplied by Mark Clements, Royal Botanic Gardens, Canberra. We are cloning over 250 varieties of miniature, intermediate and standard cymbidiums. Many are available now priced at $20 per flask of 10. We also give bonus flasks (one per five) and free delivery in Australia for five or more flasks. Colchicine-treated mericlones are now available in tens for the same price. Seedling flasks, unless limited, are priced at $15 per flask of ten. Write or phone for our latest descriptive catalogue and deflasking instructions. (Bob and Maureen Burns props.) 48 MAIN NORTH ROAD, KUDLA, S.A. 5115. PHONE: (08) 254 6351 after 5.30pm South Australian time. W.A. Agent: Keith Abbott Orchids, Lot 1 Beenyup Rd. Jandakot W.A. 6164. Phone (09) 417 1818. A.H. (09) 457 2491 exist merely those of money and aquisition. By restricting us to import any species (old and new finds currently not in the collection), I would be limited to the species on hand, which could be flasked and distributed. This would place further pressure on natu- ral populations. I am indebted to the Los Angeles Arboretum for their continued support with our world wide project in Cypripedioideae conservation. While most of the other Botanical insti- tutions gave us the flick, this Garden continued to support us. This would not have been possible if not for their grower, Earl Ross. From seed sent by them I have produced 12,000 Paphiopedilum rothschildianum seed- lings in flask, many of which were sent to private individuals and Botanic Gardens around the world. Another institution which has been of help has been Kew Gardens although much work has yet to be done by them in the proper seed storage to retain a higher percentage of viability. Recently a spate of rather emotive articles appeared in Australian news- papers concerning the prosecution of a well publicised orchid collector. Un- fortunately the articles, tended to lack fact, again I believe a ploy by the writers and those who provided the “emotive drivel’, to sensationalize the issue at hand. Both parties have caused more damage to the conser- vation effort than I think they realize. The message I have for these people is ‘hands off unless you know what you are talking about, then please get the facts straight. Why for instance wasn’t the fact mentioned that thousands of orchids were burnt in Queensland after a land clearing project while collectors .who wanted to save the dessicated orchids (still in some cases clinging to their original hosts), were refused entry and told if they collected them they would be prosecuted. The plants were then bulldozed into a heap and set alight. This is our Government departmental beauracracy going mad. I certainly wouldn’t like the fate of the flora and fauna left to these insti- tutions. Many similar examples are repeated world wide. Possible solutions As has been stated earlier the general thinking should be towards the man- agement of the worlds species rather than the cessationist policies put for- ward by the ‘greenie’ bureaucrats. Some possible measures that should be undertaken may be along the fol- lowing lines. 1. The capitalist conservationists must be deterred, by flooding the Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 market with good quality seedling at affordable prices. The term rare and ‘pricy’ must be stamped out. 2. Establishments that have proven their conservation policies should be able to obtain a special lisence al- lowing them to obtain genetic material for propogation (ie plants — seeds) monitored closely by government in- strumentalities. Any breaches of this privilege would render them exempt from any further lisence applications. 3. While ex situ conservation is a temporary bandage, the governments and conservationists should be push- ing for habitat preservation. What is the point conserving something arti- ficially when at the end of the road the species have no habitat left to return to. 4. Those that have tried to compete on the open market with seedlings have found it very difficult to com- pete. Some species are collected in such vast quantities that flowering sized plants can be purchased for only a few dollars. Once the trade in im- ports is decreased more laboratories I feel will artificially propogate plants. 5. Frustration has been aired by growers with the quarantine depart- ments over the damage caused by them on rare imported stock. The fumigation techniques are I believe Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 Artificially propagated plant outdated and too severe. Plants with succulent type foliage don’t stand a chance. How can we talk about conser- vation when we have Government departments killing plants by the hun- dreds every year. The Methyl Bromide spraying or fumigation is so strong that plants return from these depart- ments in a very poor condition. 6. A public re-education programme is needed making growers aware that their actions are seriously affecting the well being of orchids in the wild. Only by these means can we hope for a future in conserving our world orchid heritage. In conclusion Mankind now is fighting for his very survival after decades of misman- agement of the environment. Children of the future face the bleak reality of only experiencing the joys of the worlds flora and fauna through books, posters and films, without ever having seen them in real life. Greed and personal gain have been at the fore- front of our downfall and if mankind doesn’t act soon, very little will be left Paphiopedilum rothschildianum The reason for the continued plundering can only be due to the disgusting greed of the collectors and their co-conspirators, who have shown to have little regard for the well being of the species, the magic dollar their only moral yardstick. The plant shown is an artificially propagated plant six years from seed. Not having been collected from the wild has not diminished its overall beauty or appeal of the species in any way in fact, the plants both flower and grow much faster than their collected counterparts. The flower is 25 cm in overall spread. to protect. Our heritage must be safe- guarded and this is the very reason that sound and protective legislation must be enforced, not one which is restrictive and emotive nonsense. [J Wilton Paphiopedilum Research Collection APPENDIX I So Paphiopedilum druryi joins the nine orchid species (Cattleya skinneri, Cattleya trianae, Didiciea cunninghamii, Laelia _jongheana, Laelia lobata, Lycaste virginalis, Peristeria elata, Renanthera imschooltiana, and Vanda coerulea) which already are listed on Appendix I of CITES. APPENDIX II ALL ORCHIDS Apart from the 10 species listed above, all orchids have been included on Appendix II of CITES since its inception. Appendix II was designed to include “all species which although not necessarily now threatened with extinction may become so unless trade in specimens of such species is subject to strict regulation in order to avoid utilization incompatible with their survival.” Cattleya Mericlone Flask (30-40 plants/per flask) SM214 Slc. Precious Stones “True Beauty” AM/AOS US$ 40 SM220 Blc. Malworth Sunset “Orchidglade” US$ 50 - SM222 Pot. Fuchsia Fantasy “Orchidglade” AM/AOS US$ 6O E. NETRASIRI BEAUTY SM223 _Lctna. Roye Field “Caesar’s Creek” AM/AOS US$ 50 SM248 Le. Yung Hwa “Venus” AM/AOS-OSROC US$ 6O SM250 Blc. Honolulu Sunset “Waikida” US$ 50 SM253 Blc. Gold of Tainan “South Green” AM/RHS US$ 80 SM257 Slc. Pumpkin Festival “Cheng Ching” AM/OSROC US$ 60 SM261 Le. Rosina Richardson “Sun Moon Beauty” US$ 100 SM269 Blc. Owen Holmes “Tainan Beauty” US$ 75 SM270__BIc. (Yellow Peril x Malworth) “Sun Moon Beauty” US$ 75 SM276 Blc. Chinese Beauty “Miss Universe” US$ 80 SM282 _—SIc. Golden Wax “Wu” US$ 50 SM283 Blc. Toshie Aoki “Pizazz"’ AM/AOS US$ 40 SM287 Blc. Edisto “Red Fantasy” US$ 60 i: SM292 Hasegawaara Scully’s Tipperary “The Queen” US$ 50 4 SM294 Blc. Rattanakosin “Wu” US$ 50 Tae SM298 Slc. Wendy’s Valentine “June” US$ 40 Sea ater pias ey SM300 Ble. (Pirate King x Purple Ruby) “Tainan Beauty” US$ 75 ? ‘7 SM302 Blc. Angkinantana “Tainan Beauty” US$ 60 SM304 Blc. Bold Ruler “Shonan” US$ 50 SM305 C. Califlora “Z1030” US$ 40 SM309 Lc. Men Sangah Chit “Yen” US$ 50 SM310 Blc. Dawson City “Mendenhall” US$ 50 SM311 Blc. (Chine x Fortune) “Sun Moon Beauty” AM/OSROC US$ 95 SM313 Pot. Alyce Kaiser “Orchid Center” US$ 60 SM314 Blc. Frank Fordyce “Borneo Gal” US$ 50 SM318 Blc. {(Yellow Peril x Malworth) x Sunset Bay] “Tainan US$ 100 Beauty” SM361 Blc. Irquois Trail “Midfarm” FCC/AOS US$ 40 ; SM377 Blc. Owen Holmes “Black Pear!” US$ 70 4 | Blc. Chinese Beauty Discounts: Over US$ 500 ..........ssssccssessessseesessssssees Less 10% “Miss Universe” OVEMUSS VOOO rrr eocctsesssttecssesttccesscetsettnee - Less 15% Special offer: Complete set of above 30 varieties for US$1,400. Please send US$3.00 for latest catalog. Australian & New Zealand Agents wanted. Please contact us for further details. P.O. Box 32, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China Tel: (06) 235 0691 Fax: (06) 236 8811 Blc Rattanakosin “Nonelik” AM/CST 8 Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 Glomerella Leaf-Blight In Cymbidiums Introduction This disease, also referred to as anthracnose, is caused by Glomerella cingulata, also known as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. It pro- duces severe problems for growers of Cymbidiums in New South Wales and Queensland. In a normal season, there will be only minimal damage to leaf tips; but in a wet autumn, the entire leaf and even the pseudo-bulb can be killed. Many commercial growers have had considerable losses in the last two years, and some smaller growers lost most of their plants. It is necessary then, to have a means of controlling the disease, before there can be any security in the growing of Cymbidiums. Susceptible crops and orchid genera Glomerella cingulata infects most garden ornamentals, and also causes economic losses to sub-tropical and tropical crops such as avocado, coffee, cotton, mango, tea and Townsville lucerne ( 2, 3, 7, 8, 11). In the present study, Orchidaceae affected include Brassia, Cattleya, Coelogyne, Cymbidium, Cypripedium, Dendrobium, Epidendrum, Laelia, Lycaste, | Masdevallia, —_ Miltonia, Miltoniopsis, Odontoglossum, Odontioda, Paphliopedilum, Phaius, Phalaenopsis, and Stanhopea. Glomerella and climate Glomerella causes the anthracnose in places which have a combination of prolonged wet periods and warm temperatures. The high humidity as- sociated with the wet periods is necess- ary before the fungus can produce spores, for the spores to germinate, and then for the disease symptoms to be expressed. At moderate and low temperatures, the growth of the fungus is sharply reduced, and for this reason the disease is not a problem after the beginning of winter (Fig. 1). In a normal season, infections of Cymbidium are limited to the leaf tips because these are particularly vulner- able sites for infection, for there are no structures which limit infection by Glomerella in contrast with other parts of a Cymbidium leaf. Those requirements for prolonged wet periods with warm temperatures, mean that Glomerella is largely a problem of Cymbidium in places like Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 (mm) 20 GROWTH 15 TEMPER ATURE 20 (iG) Fig. 1. Growth of Glomerella cingulata isolates at different temperatures, in 7 days. the east coast of Australia, which have a warm-wet summer and autumn, and where plants are grown outdoors. Else- where, the disease has either not been recorded on Cymbidium, or has been recorded as causing only minor prob- lems. Symptoms of infections. In most seasons, damage will be limited to death of tips of leaves, which does not spread (Fig. 2). How- ever in other seasons, the initial symp- toms are a soft rotting, anywhere on a leaf, which spreads in defined zones, down into the pseudo-bulb, so killing the plant (Fig. 3). Infections are fol- lowed 1-4 weeks later by the appear- ance of pin-point sized black spots Fig. 2. Typical leaf tip infection caused by Glomerella cingulata, showing pin-point sized, spore- producing bodies (acervuli). Fig. 3. (a) Severe infection with Glomerella cingulata. Note the ‘island’ of healthy tissue found in some locations. (b) Cymbicium dying from a Glomerella infection. which are (acervuli). Disease cycle of Glomerella in Cymbidium. The infections originate from spores (conidia). These develop from the acervuli, which are able to produce up to 17,000 spores per square centimeter. Spores will be produced successively whenever acervuli get wet, and then they will be splashed onto unsprayed leaves. The infection cycle of Glomerella in Cymbidium appears to be related only to the conidial (asexual) stage of the fungus. This cycle is also a little unusual in that it involves two kinds of infection. That is, there is the ordinary parasitic infection in the growing leaves, and there is also the nonparasitic (saprophytic) infection of the dead bases of older leaves (Fig. 4). Both infections produce new crops of conidial spores, but most are pro- duced by the saprophytic phase, be- cause the majority of the acervuli are on the dead leaf bases. Infections develop in leaves immediately after infection, but most infections are latent. Latent infection. In several other crops, Glomerella can infect 5-20 cells, but remain re- stricted to this limited area by inhibi- tors, i.e. it is latent, until some factor removes the inhibition. The area of a latent infection is so small, that it cannot be detected without special microscopic techniques. In the present study, the first indi- cation that latent infection was pres- ent, was the occurrence of new infec- reproductive — structures 10 tions in Cymbidiums which had been sprayed with chlorothalonil (Daconil), which was known to protect other species of plants from Glomerella in- fections. Sampling for latent infection was done using unsprayed, apparently healthy, leaves of varieties known to be susceptible to Glomerella. Any dead tips of the leaves were cut off, and the next 25 cm was treated with 3 per cent sodium hypochlorite for 3 minutes to kill any surface contami- nation with Glomerella spores. The leaf tissues were then cultured in water agar, to encourage the latent infections to develop. The results showed that 50 to 90 per cent of the leaves had latent infections of Glomerella. That is, under the most serious conditions for the develop- ment of the disease symptoms, up to Parasitic inf ection non-parasitic 90 per cent of leaves could be affected, and produce disease symptoms. Obvi- ously this situation does not occur naturally, even in 1988 and 1989 when the problem was severe, so that most latent infections never develop in the 30 months’ life of a Cymbidium leaf. Thus, one year’s spraying should not eliminate the possibility of dis- ease, if latent infections are present before spraying is begun. Systemic fungicides. On first consideration, the systemic fungicides, which penetrate into leaves, should have the potential to control Glomerella in Cymbidium. This was a very likely means of con- trol, as some of these systemic fungi- cides are very effective on Glomerella infections of other crops (1, 4, 6, 9, 12). Agar cultures of Glomerella were tested for susceptibility to a range of systemic fungicides. Complete sup- pression growth was obtained with flusilazol (Nustar®), propiconazole (Tilt®), propineb (Antracol®), triadimenol (Bayfidan®), triadimefon (Bayleton®). Good control was ob- tained with bitertanol (Baycor®), carbendazim (Bavistan®), mycobutanil (Systhane®), triforine (Saprol®), but procymidone (Sumisclex®), gave poor contol. Thus many systemic fungicides had the po- tential to stop spread of existing Glomerella infections, and to kill the symptomless, latent ones. However, none of these chemicals was effective on leaves under either laboratory or field conditions. Why should this be so? One possi- bility was that new strains of the fungus were resistant to the fungicides. Strain differences Strains of Glomerella with different virulence are known (3, 8), and it seemed possible that the outbreak in 1988 was caused by such a strain which was resistant to the several infection Fig. 4. Disease cycle of Glomerella cingulata in Cymbidium (asexual stage only). Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 fungicides being used. This aspect was tested by comparing two recent iso- lates, with an isolate obtained in 1974. In agar cultures, there was no differ- ence in susceptibility of the isolates to the fungicides — flusilazol, prochloraz, propiconazole, propineb and triadimefon, indicating that diffic- ulties in controlling the disease were not caused by new strains. Physical resistance to systemics Another possibility is that the sys- temic fungicides failed to penetrate the leaves. Cymbidium species, from which the modern hybrids have been derived, originated in the S.W. China- Himalya area, where there is a severe drought for 3-4 months. Under these conditions, Cymbidium spp. should have developed mechanisms to reduce water loss from the plants. Studies of Cymbidium leaves shows that on the outside of the leaf there is a layer of cuticle, 5-8 microns thick, which prevents water getting out of the leaf. All of the next layer of cells on the upper side of the leaf and a third of the cells on the lower side of the leaf are very thick-walled fibre cells. These fibre cells produce the characteristic strength of the Cymbidium leaf, but they are also impervious to water. The net effect, is that the Cymbidium leaf is largely protected from water loss, so allowing the plants to survive drought conditions. This anatomical detail also explains why systemic fungicides are unable to penetrate Cymbidium leaves in sufficient quantity to be effective (Fig. 5). The physical restric- tions on entry of water also apply to penetration of Cymbidium, which will be best able to penetrate through the Fig. 5. Transverse section of Cymbidium leaf showing stomatal pore (s) through which water can pass, fibre bundles (F), epidermis (E), cuticle (C). (x 500). Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 Coelogyne flaccida Vanda gigantea phliopedilum boxallii an as TC Fig. 6. Anatomy of some orchid leaves, showing variations including Thick Cuticle (T.C.) and Fibre Cells (F.). stomatal pores on the lower sides of leaves, and the leaf-tips. This anatomical condition should not be considered unusual, as most orchid genera studied by Mobius (1887) had thick cuticle, and Cattleya, Coelogyne, Maxillaria and Vanda also had specialised cells in the outer layers of the leaf, which would have given further protection from infection. An additional route for infection is provided by the hydathodes at the leaf tips, which have no cells resistant to infection. Also there are nutrients in Table 1. Average growth of 20 germinating spores in secretions from leaf tips, water and nutrient solution. Growing Growth in medium 48 hr (microns) Sterile water aa78 Czapeck-Dox nutrient solution 184 Secretion ex 1714* leaves Secretion ex B11-328"* leaves * Cymbidium clones 107 223 the exudates (5) able to support growth of Glomerella . Protectant fungicides Control of the disease by protectant fungicides was a possibility, provided that the chemicals were applied before the latent infection occurred in the summer-autumn. For this work, benomyl (Benlate), Bordeaux mixture, chlorothalonil (Daconil), and prochloraz (Octave) was tested. Also phenylphenate (Natriphene) was used for its eradicant properties and phos- phorus acid (Fos ject), because it en- hances natural resistance to some fungal infections. These fungicides were applied from February 15 onwards at approxi- mately 4 week intervals and records were taken on May 30th. There were eight replicates of each treatment and application rates are given in Table 2. The results showed a marked degree of control by Bordeaux mixture and Doconil, less by Fos ject and less again by Benlate and Natriphene, as shown in Fig. 7, (on page 12), by four repli- cates of four treatments. In practice, either Daconil, Fosjet or Bordeaux mixture will give control, and Daconil should be used if there is 11 the possibility of damaging flowers by Bordeaux mixture. Another form of chlorothalonil (Bravo), is: Table 2. Control of Glomerella by fungicide treatments measured as grammes of dry weight of healthy leaf per plant. e To prepare Bordeaux mixture, dis- Fungicide Chemical solve 10g of copper sulphate (blue- stone) in most of one litre of water, and make a slurry with 10g of calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) with the re- mainder. Stir a calcium hydroxide slurry into the copper sulphate sol- ution, and add 0.5 ml of summer oil which improves the adhesive proper- ties of Bordeaux Mixture, and inciden- tally controls some pests. Rate per 10 litres Dry weight and significance 27.8a Bordeaux mixture Copper sulphate 200g + calcium hydroxide Daconil Fos ject Natriphene chlorothalonil 15g phosphorous acid 60 ml phenylphenate 50g Octave prochloraz 3g Benlate benomyl 5g Control — — 27.1a 20.0ab 12.9b 12.6 b 11.1b 0.3¢c e@ 10 g is 2'4 and 4% level teaspoons respectively of copper sulphate and calcium hydroxide. Bordeaux mixture is a_ general biocide, so it controls a// the diseases of Cymbidium leaves, including those caused by the bacterial pathogen, Pseudomonas sp., so that normally no other fungicides or bacteriocides will have to be sprayed onto Cymbidium leaves. However, Bordeaux mixture does not control the root rot diseases caused by Phytophthora, Pythium’ or Rhizoctonia. \f Botrytis causes prob- lems on flowers, iprodione (Rovral®) will have to be used. Copper- oxychloride and similar related copper-based chemicals are not substi- tutes, as they cause damage to young ‘leads’, spikes etc. Initially growers should remember that leaves sprayed with Daconil or Bordeaux mixture may already have Bordeaux Mixture Fosject Fig 7 Control of blomerella 12 * Significant differences at 1 per cent level. latent infections, so that complete con- trol will not be obtained until the programme has been used for the life of the Cymbidium leaf, i.e. 30 months. Enviromental control As indicated, severe occurrences of Glomerella in Cymbidium are related to warm and wet conditions, which allow greatest opportunity for produc- tion of the spores, at the time when the temperatures are most favourable to growth of the fungus (Fig. 1). Therefore any management, which reduces the time that a leaf is wet will be an advantage. Obvious modifica- tions to management are — (a) Protect plants from rain with glass or plastic, providing that this does not affect the 10°C difference between day and Daconil Control (No treatment) night temperatures, required for flower initiation. (b) Allow good ventilation through the side of houses; if necessary using forced ventilation. (c) Give better spacing of plants, and only have one tier of them. (d) If diseased areas appear on a leaf, cut off the leaf-tip, if your collection is virus-free. How- ever, tear off the entire leaf, if there is any doubt about the virus status of the plant. Resistance. Most Cymbidium hybrids have been produced in Europe and the Atlantic Coast of North America, in climates where the freezing conditions in winter, mean that Cymbidium are kept in glasshouses protected from rain. These conditions allow the grow- ing of varieties susceptible to Glomerella, and do not favour ex- pression of any resistance to the fungus. This has the result that highly susceptible cultivars can be grown in that environment, and exported here. Dr. Grunden has provided informa- tion on the resistance of a few clones Table 3. Resistance rating of clones of Cymbidium spp. from 0 (very susceptible) to 10 (resistant). 0 C. devonianum* 2 C. eburneum, C. madidum 3 C. parishii, C. ensifolium” 3-4 C. sinense 5 C. insigne*, C. tracyanum* C. lowianum C. pumilum”, C. suave C. bicolor C. aloifolium, C. atropurpureum, C. caniculatum, C. dayanum, C. finlaysonianum * Species most commonly used in breeding. Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 a of Cymbidium spp. (Table 3). Among these clones, ones with resistance less than 4 cannot be grown without a major problem from Glomerella, even with regular fungicide application. Such clones are of doubtful value as parents in Australia, as are the highly susceptible cvs. Arminya, Fred Stew- art, Royal Purple, Sensation-Melita and Spartan Queen. However, all re- sistant species have already been used as parents to a limited degree, so there is the potential for them to be used to provide a long-term answer to the problem. At the same time this would introduce such characteristics as flowering in sub-tropical climates and at different times. Application of Control With the present fungicidal control, the producers of Cymbidium plants will be able to grow cultivars which will be too suspectible to be grown by the amateur grower. This could lead to an undesirable situation where the plant purchased will not survive, and for this reason plant producers will need to use the following strategy — e Avoid fungicides on seedlings dur- ing the first year in order to ‘weed out’ the highly suspectible plants. eClone only new cultivars that have moderate-high resistance Glomerella, as tested by an index- ing method. e@ Use chemical control on produc- tion lines. Summary This report gives basic details of the life-history of G/omerella, and one method for obtaining control of the disease. Further work needs to be done on the following aspects — e Eradication of infection sources on leaf bases. e Fine detail of the relation between climate and development of dis- ease from latent infection. elInheritance of resistance to Glomerella. e Strategy for control of Glomerella on Dendrobium, Phalaenopsis etc. However, for the present, the better understanding of this disease will al- low growing of Cymbidiums, without the risk of major losses. Acknowledgements I am indebted to assistance from Dr. Noel Grunden, Ian Hughes, Phillip Woodward, Alvin Bryant, Norm Loader, Robert Giles, Bill Hargreaves, Eric Merrill, Tony Powell, Leon Punch and many others. Techni- cal assistance was provided by Yih Fye Freeman, photography by Lowan Turton, statistical analysis by Jill Kaldor, and the work was made poss- ible through a grant from the Horticul- tural Stock and Nurseries Fund. Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 References |, Alvarez, A. M., Hylin, J. W. and Ogata, J. N. (1977). Post harvest dis- eases of papaya decreased by bi-weekly orchard sprays. Plant Disease Reporter 61: 731-735 2. Davis, R. D., Irwin, J. A. G. and Cameron, D. F. (1984). Variation in virulence and pathogenic specialis- ation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolates from Stylosanthes scabra cv. ‘Fitzroy’ and ‘Seca’. Australian Journal of Agricul- tural Research 35: 653-662. 3. Gullino, M. L., Romano, M. L. and Garibaldi, A. (1985). Identifi- cation and response to fungicides of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, incit- ant of strawberry black rot in Italy. Plant Disease 69: 608-9. 4. Kale, K. B. and Rawt, J. G. (1984). Effect of spraying and soil drenching with fungicides on the re- duction of twig blight in mandarin orange. Indian Pesticides 18: 46-48. 5. Leakey, C. L. and Perry, A. (1966). The relation between damage caused by insect pests and boll rot associated with Glomerella cingulata (Stonem.) Spauld & von Schrenk (Colletotrichum gossypii Southw.) on Upland Cotton in Uganda. Annals of Applied Biology 57: 337-344. 6. Lenné, J. M., Thomas, D., de Andrade, R. P. and Vargas, (1964). Anthracnose of Stylosanthes capitata: implication for future disease evalu- ations of indigenous tropical pasture legumes. Phytopathology 74: 1070-1073. 7. Mitchell, J. (1986). Prochloraz manganese for broad spectrum disease control in woody ornamentals. British Crop Protection Conference 36-10 p. 291-298. 8. Mobius, M. (1887). Ueber den anatomischen Ban der Orchideenblatter und dessen Bedeutung fiir das System dieser Familie. Jahrbucher fur Wissenschaftliche Botanik 18, 530-607. 9. Saraswathy, N., Koli Reddy, M. L. Radhakrishman, N. R. (1977). Glomerella cingulata causing inflor- escence dieback, button shedding and nut rot of beetle nut palm. Plant Disease Reporter 61: 172. 10. Sutton, T. B., Nardacci J. F. and O’Leary, A. L. Jn vitro activity of etaconazole, bitertanol, fenarimol on fungi causing summer diseases of apples. Plant Disease 69: 700-703. Dr Bruce Taylor Plant Pathology Branch N.S.W Agriculture & Fisheries Rydalmere N.S.W. 2116. ORCHID SPECIAL A&B FERTILISERS Food for all Orchid Species Crystalline — fully water soluble — _ especially manufactured for better orchids. Rich in 8 essen- tial mineral trace elements. ORCHID SPECIAL A (Yellow Compound) 11.13.16 Applied at initiation of flower spikes and continued through to the end of flowering. The high phosphorus and potassium and the low nitrogen content stimulates flowering and ensures a better bloom. ORCHID SPECIAL B (Blue Compound) 30.4.8 For established plants, applied at completion of flowering through to initiation of flower spikes Young and developing orchids should be fed regularly the whole year. The high nitrogen stimulates plant growth and plant vigour. Packed in 500g 3kg and 30kg units. Periodic feeding 15 g in 5 litres of water. Regular feeding 2 g in 5 litres of water. Campbell Orchid Special A & B Fertilisers “just for good orchids” For the name of your local supplier contact: NSW: Canfel (02) 533 3417. Frank Slattery Orchids (02) 50 7985, Lagoon Nursery (02) 982 9849. VIC: Fertool Distributors (03) 793 3844. QLD: Burnell Agencies (07) 394 2211. WA: Nurserymens Supplies (09) 353 2536. SA: Munns (08) 293 2442, Lawlors (08) 43 9636. TAS: Horticultural Supplies (003) 34 1244. NT: Tropigro (089) 84 3200. A product of COLIN CAMPBELL (CHEMICALS) PTY. LTD. 5 Blackfriar Place, Wetherill Park, NSW 2164 Telephone (02) 725 2544 Fax: (02) 604 7768 P.O. Box 789, Smithfield NSW 2164 LUGARNO ORCHID CO PTY LTD Proprietor: B.C. & J.E. Schwartz 1178 Forest Road, Lugarno 2210 Phone 53 9708 MERICLONES Cymbidiums — Cattleyas Miniature Cymbidiums — Dendrobiums DIVISIONS Cattleyas — Cymbidiums.— Paphs Phalaenopsis — Japanese Dendrobiums First class Cattleya Seedlings from 3” Pots to Flowering Size Also Award Mature Cattleyas & Exhibition Types. Flowering size. Send for List. LARGE STOCKS OF PHALAENOPSIS AND CATTLEYA COMPOTS. Sylvia Fry crosses available, also large range of Cattleya Seedlings designed to give Award Shape and Colour Expectancy. [ ermancaptanatraanered estanaice mepaana a menmaierausanalamaraan (RNS ee ar aa ae Sao am hee apna la Sag eb ad aor tsa Rep a eo et a OS 5 Gi, Le RL WD $y ie, Gy $y OD A EM, OSS SSS meee ~s . The catalogue features many exciting crosses of standard and _ intermediate cymbidiums utilising our exclusive parents. Schaefers Orchids is Australia’s largest 4 exporter of standard and intermediate 6 cymbidium blooms and we offer a full advisory service including overseas mar- 6 keting and sale of your flowers. § In addition to export flowers, Schaefers ® Orchids have developed a major breeding programme for ultra-early (pre Mother’s Day) cymbidiums as well as_ highly coloured standards and intermediates for showbench and pot plants. If you are not on our mailing list, please write or phone for our new flask list and ® catalogue which will be available in mid- ® November. Be ISOSSS s, te te tare raves o> ate” cs Gy Pe, CR. SSSSOSoeSso rar atete vo Sear Semen Oe Fy gy On i en i i in nn Ne ea OO ow ae me oo oo mm woe on oo oe oo oo a oo oo oo eo N ] IT’S NOT THE FERN MARKET SILLY SEASON IT’S SARCOCHILUS SEASON NEIL FINCH from ‘DOWN UNDER NATIVE ORCHIDS” has pulled out all the stops to supply us with all his latest crossings. So it’s first in for the pick of the crop at — DINGLEY FERN MARKET 233 Centre Dandenong Road, Dingley Vic. 8 a.m.-5.30 p.m. Daily SOLE VICTORIAN AGENT— SOLE MELBOURNE AGENT Wondabah Orchids Mills Orchid Nursery (S.A.) Down Under Native Orchids VICTORIAN AGENT Orchids International Banana Coast Orchids. 14 Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 Orchid Hybridising in particular Lycaste inated in South America, was subsequently named Lycaste after the beautiful daughter of King Priam and Queen Hercuba of ancient Troy. When George Ure-skinner was trav- elling through Guatemala he dis- covered one of the genus and was greatly impressed with its beauty — this was subesequently named after him and Lyc skinneri Alba became the National Flower of Guatemala. As an orchid grower for 40 years and of that period 25 years hybridising mainly Lycaste and having made over 150 crosses of this genera, my experi- ence may be of benefit to those who are interested in taking up this particu- lar study. If I were to outline some of the basic principles in breeding and share the experience and the thrill of Tis particular genus, which orig- watching a new seedling unfold in all | its glory and to finally win an award or championship, it would be a fitting reward for the years of planning and work undertaken. I had the experience of being a stud breeder and Judge of animals. Hybridising orchids is similar in every respect to animal breeding; finding the dominant parent or parents is the first step and providing they have the qual- ities you are looking for you will surely get good results. In the early 1960’s Australians had very little knowledge or information on Lycaste hybridising and when the late John Ezzy flowered the first Lyc Koolenas (Lyc Auburn Greycliffe x Lyc skinneri) their beauty created a great impression on us. This cross was soon repeated by the late Leo Giles and registered by him as Lyc Koolena in 1967: then followed Lyc Shoalhaven (Lyc Koolena x Lyc skinneri) made by John Apperley; Lyc Macama (Lyc Koolena x Lyc Sunrise) made by myself, Fred Alcorn; the late Athol Bell made Lyc John Ezzy (Lyc Shoalhaven x Lyc Koolena) named after his good friend. Macama Orchids have registered over 30 Lycaste crosses. PARENTAGE — During the late 1960’s and early ’70’s saw the begin- ning of my search for dominant parents. I was fortunate in the early °70’s to have two good Lyc Koolenas Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 Top left: Jason (Macrobulbon x Lasioglossa) (Both species) (Parent) Top right: Koolena May AMQ.O.S. (Parent). Above: Gyra Charm (Result). 15 Lyc-Koolena ‘Macama’ and Lyc Koolena ‘May’ HCC/AOC and two Lyc Macamas Lyc Macama ‘Jocelyn’ AM/AOC and Lyc Macama ‘Doris May’ HCC/AOC. The four had won championships and three awards and gave me the breeding stock to carry out line breeding and in turn enabled me to experiment with species in finding the most dominant parents. Unfortunately we lost Lyc Koolena “Macama’ by pollinating it before a new growth appeared. We have since proved this to be a fact and that it is wise to be patient and wait for the new growth to appear. Finding dominant parents is a long and slow process; it takes at least five years from polli- nation to flowering and it could take up to ten or more years to prove one has indeed found a dominant parent ... this process is an ongoing one to prove others in the line. During this period I returned to some species of primary hybrids to assist in finding my dominant parents and this enabled me to introduce new genes into my breeding pool. After years of experimenting I favour the pod parent as the dominant factor in good breeding e.g. we used Lyc Koolena ‘May’ HCC/AOC, an orchid that has won 12 championships in NSW and Queensland plus an Award of Merit (QOS) crossed with Lyc Jason (macrobulbon x lasioglossa) (both species) making Lyc Gyra ... Lyc Jason has narrow straight sepals, brown/orange shade ... result was remarkable seedlings vary in colour, the best dark pink to red with blood red labellum .. . these have won championships here and overseas. The next cross was Lyc Macama ‘Doris May’ HCC/AOC x Lyc mathiasiae (species) named Lyc Wyuna ... all were pale green with pink flush, long strong stems, open petals, sepals free from furling. Lycaste Aquila ‘Gem’, a seedling purchased from Wyld Court England . a pure yellow with weak texture and marked easily ... when crossed with Lyc xanthochiela, a sub species of Lyc macrophylla named Lyc Cooma ...a great change in texture ... colour yellow with fine brown spots, open petals and no furling in sepals ... flowers twice a year ... heavy texture ... lasts 6-8 weeks. We have used the following with satisfactory results: Lyc aromatica x Lyc Shoalhaven Top: Macama Doris May H.C.C./A.0.C. Above left; Wyuna Pale Beauty. Above right: Selfing Macama Doris May H.C.C./A.Q.C. Macama ‘‘Perfection’’. (Lyc Benalla) Lyc macrophylla x Lyc Auburn (Lyc Dural) Lyc lanipes x Lyc Macama (Lyc Kembla) Lyc Macama x Lyc dowiana (Lyc Killara) Lyc Macama x Lyc cruenta (Lyc Carmel) Lyc_ skinneri x Lyc Aquila (Lyc Milperra) Lyc Macama x Lyc skinneri (Lyc Wyong) Crosses made with first cross species — Lyc Leo, Lyc Shoalhaven, Lyc Nebula, Lyc Candicrue, Lyc Always, and noted the change in the texture and substance of the seedlings when using species and that they breed freely . we assume most of the species must be tetraploids! Another interesting experiment was the selfing of Lyc Macama ‘Jocelyn’ “MACAMA’ Hybrids won 4 championships this year AM/AOC and surprised at the vari- ation in colour and shape... many shades of pink to dark reds ... sepals generally free of furling and not as wide as Lyc Macama ‘Jocelyn’. Per- haps it was a return to some species! We tried Lyc Macama ‘Doris May’ HCC/AOC ... colour off white with touch of pink ... this orchid gained Reserve Grand Champion of the 7th Australian Conference Show, held Brisbane 1982 ... so far the result is very good ... many near white with Seedlings available from our famous parents. Lycaste can be grown in shade house. Lists available S.A.E. Visitors welcome, please phone for appointment. A.F.W. and D.M. ALCORN 169 Pennant Hills Rd, Carlingford, N.S.W. 2118. Tel. (02) 630 1904 16 Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 pink flush ... sepals wide. Does this prove it is a dominant parent? I believe it does! It has proved so in line breeding and with species especially in light shades. A further observation has been the success of the Lyc Macama cross Lyc Koolena x Lyc Sunrise have flowered them with three different Lyc Koolenas with Lyc Sunrise ... all good with Lyc Koolena ‘May’ HCC/ AOC... obtained the Award of Qual- ity, ie. 12 seedlings from the same pod. Obviously Lyc Sunrise is com- patible with the various Lyc Koolenas. If you make say a Lyc Koolena or Lyc Macama cross, it does not follow they will be successful but you should have one of the main dominant parents. Several years ago I made the Lyc Wyong cross Lyc Macama ‘Jocelyn’ AM/AOC x Lyc skinneri. . .it was a_ failure many different colours of poor quality ... threw most away! Recently made the cross with Lyc Macama ‘Doris May’ HCC/AOC x Lyc skinneri Alba ‘Snow Flakes’ . many beautiful orchids of good quality ... Lyc Macama ‘Doris May’ with a good skinneri made a big difference! INTERGENETIC HYBRIDISING. The development of the Angulocaste (Anguloa x Lycaste) has made slow progress in Australia. Firstly, the large bulbs and leaves, secondly most of the flowers remained cupped. Have flowered Lyc Koolena x Anguloycaste Gweneth (A Olympus x Lyc_ skinneri) ... colour like Lyc Skinneri ... heavy texture and sub- stance ... flowers slightly cupped. An- other cross to flower soon, Lyc Koolena x A Oakdon (Anguloa ruckeri x Libra)... hoping for better result! LYCASTERIA. Lyc Koolena x __ Bifrenaria harrisonia ... hoping to flower some this year ... previous crosses hard to flower. MAXILLACASTE. One of the rewards last year was the flowering of a Maxillacaste Lyc (Koolena x Maxillaria grandiflora)... very few seed from the pod and a number did not grow well ... early September 1988 we were thrilled to see a spike appear and we watched with great anticipation as the bud slowly unfolded ... overnight it burst fully open ... an amazing gem! Colour orange/pink shade ... petals open with a yellow labellum. This is only the third one registered. The pollen has already been used and we look forward to the next generation! LYCASTE CROSSES OF DISTINCTION. Lyc MACAMA — Koolena x Sun- Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 set Koolena ‘May’ HCC/AOC x Sun- rise*Ena’ This cross has won many cham- pionships and awards including “Award of Quality” (12 seedlings from one seed pod). Lyc KIAMA — Koolena x Macama We are now able, with careful par- ental selction, to flower a few whites to light pinks and by another selection, mid pinks to light reds. Lyc SUNSET — John Ezzy x Koolena ‘May’ HCC/AOC Many beautiful reds to dark reds. Lyc WYONG — Macama x ‘Doris May’? HCC/AOC skinneri: Alba ‘Snow Flakes’ ‘Doris May’ HCC/AOC — off whites to soft pinks ... many of quality. Lyc KARINA — Shoalhaven x Macama Using Shoalhaven ‘Doris’ x Macama ‘Doris May’ HCC/AOC ... many in light shades of pink ... of quality. OUR APPRECIATION. One would be remiss if one did not mention the overseas growers for their contribution. The Queen of Lycaste skinneri has been developed by Paul Gripp and Marie and James Riopelle of the USA to a high standard of perfection to- gether with other Lycaste crosses. Wild Court, England, have also con- tributed, over the years, to many fine crosses especially the beautiful Lyc Wildfires. We are indebted to them for their contribution. SUMMARY. We look to the future with confi- dence in our endeavour to improve the Lycaste and will strive to improve the ever popular greens and yellows ... Several crosses are on the way. Referring again to the ‘open petal type’ such as Lyc Aquila, Lyc Wyuna and Lyc Cooma, to mention a few, many of the species are of the ‘open petal type’, they are part of the family and have their appeal ... many have sepals that do not furl... recently one of our Wyunas gained a Champion- ship against the Koolenas and Macamas. We are also concentrating on broadening the sepals and eliminating the furling. Over the years we have had a re- warding experience watching the new seedlings grow and flourish, each with a particular beauty. We are happy to be able to share with you whatever know- ledge we have gained. | Macama Orchids AFW & DM Alcorn 169 Pennant Hills Road Carlingford 2118 NSW f yalostidle ~ Orchids EXPERIENCED NORTHERN TERRITORY GROWERS OF LOWLAND TROPICAL ORCHIDS. Intermediate Dendrobiums, JVB Vandas and vandaceous topcuts are our speciality. Send S.A.E. for price list. Location: Lot 31 Nottage Road, Bees Creek (34 km from Darwin on sealed roads). Postal Address: P.O. Box 633, Palmerston, N.T. 0831. Telephone (089) 88 1004 Proprietors: Lloyd & Win Kent Bankcard and Mastercard Welcome. BRAZILIAN ORCHIDS AND BROMELIADS Plants and Seeds CATALOG No. 83 offers around 3,000 true-to-name different ORCHIDS and BROMELIADS, and contains nearly 400 illustrations (also in colour), will be sent for US$5.00 by air mail. Payments exclusively by cash, or cheque payable in NEW YORK, by any bank. We also supply’ seeds_ of PHILODENDRUM, PALMS AND OTHER FOLIAGE PLANTS. OUR PRODUCTS HAVE BEEN GUARANTEED SINCE 1906. ALVIM SEIDEL Orquideario Catarinense PO Box 1, 89280 CORUPA, Sta. Catarina, Brazil. Fusarium wilt in Cymbidiums Introduction In terms of world agriculture, the species of Fusarium cause more dam- age than any other fungus, as they are responsible for major problems in bananas, beans, bulb crops, car- nations, cereals, cotton, date palms, lawns, peas, potatoes, pine plantations and tomatoes. Fusarium species damage plants in one of two ways — 1. Infections destroy the outside tis- sues of roots, so reducing the uptake of water and inducing a wilting, or near- wilting of the plant. 2. Some infections on the outsides of roots may spread to within the root and stem, where they can affect the system that transports water and nu- trients to the leaves. By blocking this system, the fungus also induces wilt- ing, and can also produce a yellowing of leaves from toxic materials pro- duced by the fungus. Previous Studies of Fusarium Infection in Orchids The first report of F. oxysporum in Cattleya showed that this fungus caused a wilt and root decay (4). The species, F. oxysporum occurs in a number of different forms (f.sp.), each of which can infect one or a few closely related genera. Thus F. oxysporum f.sp. dianthi infects only carnations, f.sp. gladioli only gladioli etc. In the US, F. oxysporum f.sp. cattleyae has been recorded affecting most orchid genera (1) and F. oxysporum f.sp. vanillae produces a similar disease on Vanilla planifolia in Puerto Rico (2). In New Zealand F. moniliforme causes problems on Cymbidium (3), but else- where the disease appears to be unim- portant or it has not been studied in any detail. Symptoms of Fusarium Wilt in Orchids With the control of Pythium and Phytophthora root rots by some of the newer fungicides, and of Glomerella by other fungicides, the residual prob- lem caused by Fusarium has become more clear. The symptoms differ from those caused by G/omerella in that the leaves die from the bottom upwards, rather than from the top and middle of 18 the leaf down to the pseudo-bulb. Also, Fusarium may cause a yellowing of leaves produced by toxic materials. In some instances, the infection begins in a young ‘lead’ or flower spike and spreads progressively into the older pseudo-bulbs. However, both Glomerella and Fusarium can kill the pseudo-bulbs and so the final symp- toms from the two diseases may be similar; and it is easy to see how there is some confusion. Some diseased pseudo-bulbs have brown-purple spots or flecks inside them, but this is not a reliable symp- tom. Flowers of some varieties fail to open properly, producing a ‘sleepy’ condition, and cut flower spikes are so short-lived that they are worthless. Fusarium species associated with the disease There is a problem that many Fusarium species can colonise plant tissues killed by some other agent, so only when Fusarium is found inside an undecayed pseudo-bulb, it is likely that Fusarium is the cause of the disease. The species of Fusarium found in Cymbidium here are — F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum and F. solani; most isolates here being F. oxysporum. However, these species cannot be confirmed as pathogens until detailed tests are made. Distribution of Fusarium in Diseased Plants In a pilot study, the pseudo-bulbs were studied for the presence of intenal infections in relation to symp- toms (5). The four plants studied all had F. oxysporum infecting the main lead, with the older pseudo-bulbs be- ing progressively more healthy. (Fig. 1). Sources of Fusarium Infections in other Crops Although many Fusarium species - produce spores that can result in air- borne infections, most of the infec- tions occur from fungal sources in the soil, or compost (4). For this reason, attempts to control Fusarium diseases in other crops have concentrated on producing disease-free propagating infections in four Fusarium oxysporum Cymbidium plants (LS lead shoot. SS side shoot. 1, 2, 3 is age of pseudo-bulbs). material, which is later grown in a medium free of Fusarium. Therefore orchid compost materials such as bark, sawdust, peanut shells, sand, scoria, stone chips that have been in contact with soil are likely to be contaminated with Fusarium. Hygiene and Prevention of Fusarium in New Plants It is particularly important though for commercial growers to grow plants on steel mesh or wooden slatted benches, well raised above the ground, to prevent splash of spores onto the plants, and as indicated, it is import- ant to remove Fusarium from the compost used for plants coming di- rectly from flasks. This is done, either by fumigation with methyl-bromide or by heat-treatment of the compost. Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 Methyl bromide is an_ effective fumigant, but the gas is a little hazard- ous to handle, so that heat treatment is the best option for removing Fusarium from composts. Heat Treatment of Compost Conventional heat treatment in- volves steaming at a temperature of 82°C for 30 mins, but a modification uses a mixture of steam and air at 60°C. The later method has the dual advantages of eliminating disease- causing fungi, without killing other beneficial soil microorganisms, and the heating costs are considerably lower. Ideally it would be possible for growers to buy composts treated to remove all Fusarium infections, but there is no such service available at present. Control of Fusarium in Existing Infections At present there is no known method of controlling Fusarium de- cline in orchids that are already in- fected, but several experiments are planned to look at the best options. These include some fungicides, known to reduce symptoms, in other crops infected with Fusarium, although this control does not produce a fully healthy plant. The other option is to use a form of biological control by adding wild type strains of Fusarium, that are unable to attack Cymbidium, but able to suppress the activity of the disease-causing strains. References 1. Burnett, H. C. 1975. Diseases caused by Fungi and bacterial. pp. 71-94 In ‘Handbook of Orchid Pests and Diseases’, American Orchid So- ciety. 2. Alcorno, R. 1968. Infection and development of Fusarium oxysporum fisp. vanillae in vanilla. Phytopathology 58, 1281-3. 3. Eden, M. 1984. Cymbidium or- chids, diseases and pests. New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, AGLINK HPP308. 4. Foster, V. 1955. Fusarium wilt of Cattleyas. Phytopathology. 45, 599-602. 5. Nash, S. N. & Snyder, W. C. (1962). Quantitative estimation by plate counts of bean root rot Fusarium in field soils. Phytopathology 52, 567-72. I wish to acknowledge the help of Mrs Y. F. Freeman, T. Green, the co- operation of many growers, and the photography of L. Turton. Dr Bruce Taylor Department of Agriculture & Fisheries Rydalmere, NSW 2116 Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 P.O. Box 860, P Toowoomba, 4350 J Phone 076 96 7279 A ORCHIDS LABORATORIES FLASKING SERVICE SPECIALISING IN EXOTIC AND AUSTRALIAN NATIVES SEND STAMP FOR LIST MAIL ORDERS OUR SPECIALTY SEE YOU AT THE TOOWOOMBA ORCHID SPECTACULAR & CONFERENCE 17TH — 24TH SEPTEMBER 1989 SHADE CLOTH STILL THE CHEAPEST Queensland’s largest range of shade cloth in green, black, brown and white. Top quality guaranteed. 1800mm (6’) Knitted 3600mm (12’) Knitted erm per 50m roll erm per 50m roll 50% 3.95 169 50% 7.90 $320 70% $4.60 $195 70% $9.20 $380 80% $5.40 $225 80% $10.80 $450 oes Z yet Tf NEWMARKET VAL AA AA hh hi hh hhh hi hihi hh hhh hhh 176 Enoggera Rd, Newmarket, Q. 4051 Ph (07) 356 0162 Country Orders Welcome. ORCHIDS FROM Karn (yarlane WE INVITE YOU TO SHARE WITH US, OUR PROGRESSIVE HYBRIDISING PROGRAMME “DENDROBIUMS * VANDAS * CATTLEYAS " INCLUDING OUR LATEST PHALAENOPSIS HYBRIDS * HOBBY FLASKS “ FLASKS * COMMUNITY POTS ~ NOW AVAILABLE: OUR OWN FRESHLY PREPARED ORCHID CULTURE MEDIUM TN (e):]:\a Vol ne) -at 72 MOUNT PETER ROAD (Corner Mann St. & Mount Peter Rd.) EDMONTON, NORTH QUEENSLAND 4869 _ PLEASE PHONE: (070) 55 4751 BEFORE VISITING , wEshos A BRIEF SUMMARY OF Kenneth / Macpr better kno orn just before the beginning of the First World War, of a Scottish father who had migrated to Brisbane as a child with his family in 1886. His father having come to Bowen by Coastal Trader after serving in the Boer War and Military Police in South Africa, settled in the Proserpine District. This now legend- ary figure in the plant breeding world spent his early life on a sugar cane farm selected as virgin country about 1909, in the Strathdickie area, by his father who hand cleared and grubbed the soil in preparation. An interest in Orchids began before entering the old Strathdickie School in 1920, while the daily gathering of the farm animals gave him the oppor- tunity to see the many fine specimens growing in the vicinity of his home. This love of flowers and all things natural, fostered by his Grade Two teacher, the then Miss Jurd, later Mrs Low, who only passed away this year, encouraged Ken to assist her in the lunch breaks to replant the school garden beds, coupled with an interest in the general botanical makeup of the District of Proserpine and its sur- rounds has led to the vast knowledge acquired in this field. His ‘‘achieving” had begun at an early age — in the first year of schooling he was awarded the medal for “the child who had made the greatest progress in the school”. Schooling was forced to come to an end in late 1927, when through illness, his father required assistance on the farm. Being the eldest of the family of five, he was able to lend much sup- port. Eventually he was joined on the farm by his brother John, and between them they grew some 700 tons of cane : ¥ on 25 acres. The purchase of a a SEDENGSHIC : = = SrA home'ar Bont OFTand Fordson Tractor for £180 made their Aeotecris Dap learii Centre: e Macrnerson family nome a ount Dryander. task a little easier. 20 Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 «»«,| == —— HE LIFE AND TIMES OF \lexander erson, vn. as Ken Working at home did have advan- tages — the opportunity to view nature during his wanderings through the virgin bushland, his keen eye picked out many rare and some pre- viously unknown specimens. This is evidenced by the number of plants and trees listed with the Herbarium and other centres through Rev. Rupp and Dr. Flecker, with these listings commencing in 1930 through until very recently and numbering close to sixty.t All the while quietly gathering knowledge of plants and their genetic makeup, which in time was to be put to good use. Meanwhile, various native orchids were finding their way home to the farm, but the sight to see was the ponciana tree smothered with Ti-tree and Golden orchids, with colour added by beds of dahlias and gladiolli. One new species found in the Mt. Dryander area and germinating freely on a mandarin tree at the home farm was Cleisostoma orbiculare, this being reported to Rev. Rupp who later described it in a magazine article as a “little gem of beauty.” A particularly pleasing specimen of a King Orchid found at Mount Dryander, produced literally hundreds of flowers. A photo of this plant in flower was forwarded to the North Queensland Register for publication. This caught the attention of a grower from Ayr who wrote offering to exchange a plant of Cattleya gigas V. Sanderiana for a piece of the King Orchid. Hence, in 1930 the seeds for the beginning of the orchid collection were well and truly sown. Plants in this collection, acquired as early as 1933 are still thriving today, two mentioned are Vanda tricolor (species) and Cattleya skinneri. With so many varieties in this collection, it Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 Kenneth Alexander Macpherson. would prove difficult to settle on just one special plant, but when ques- tioned, Ken settled on a more recent acquisition, with little hesitation — a fine specimen of the species Dendrobium dearii from __ the Philippines holds a special place with its head of large white flowers. tWithin 6 years i.e. 1936 a record was com- piled of some forty six species of terrestrial and epiphytic native orchids growing in this district. During the time of the depression anything at all to supplement the family income was tried, so the keep- ing of bees in 1929 - 30 was another avenue experimented with. The wild bees kept in 1930 were soon exchanged for pure bred bees, when an oldtime bee-keeper showed Ken the finer points of keeping bees in proper hives and the results achieved from purchas- ing pure bred Queens from the South were most desirable. The situation improved to such an extent, that within a few short years the number of colonies increased to 120 and honey production was in full swing — being sold for the princely sum of 26 and 29 shillings per 4 gallon tin. It did not always run smoothly though — 11 months and 3 weeks without rain — then 72 inches in 9 days — all that was left were 35 hives, but Ken being a stayer this did not deter him. Bees are still part of his life today, but in a much smaller way, more for pleasure, and to keep his hand in! With the advent of World War II, the activities were all placed on “‘hold” while service in the Militia took pre- cedence. Amidst these setbacks, slowly a ‘soe ermanesee ennai emt Nh RS eh rh 21 A large range of species and hybrids to suit new growers, serious collectors and those seeking free flowering plants for intermediate to warm conditions. VERY PROMPT MAIL ORDER IS OUR SPECIALTY. Phone or mail orders using Bankcard, Visacard or Mastercard Welcome, including export overseas. We invite you to visit our nursery at 15 HOAD STREET, EARLVILLE, CAIRNS or write (Please include postage stamp) for our latest listing to RO. BOX 404, EARLVILLE, QLD 4871. Ph (070) 54 1746. Fax (070) 33 1746. Specialists ir. Species, Ouchids. FRANK SLATTERY ORCHIDS OF MERIT 12 EDDYSTONE ROAD, BEXLEY, NSW 2207. PHONE 50 7985 (Off Stoney Creek Road, opposite Bexley Park) You are invited to call and inspect a large selection of various genera, including first class Cattleyas, Cymbidiums, Odontoglossums, Paphiopedilums, and all types of orchids suitable for bush and glasshouse. We publish regular listings of stock on hand — (Please enclose 60c for listings). “CYMBIDIUM ORCHIDS, NAMES AND PARENTAGE”. New edition — complete to July 1983. Price $3.00 per copy plus 70c postage. Also new addendum July 1983 to. December 1986. Price $2.50 posted. “THE NEW BOOK FOR ORCHID LOVERS” in colour. Price $5.00 per copy plus 90c postage. OPEN SEVEN DAYS WEEKLY We carry large stocks of all types of orchids suitable for shade and glasshouse culture. We also stock fertilizers, ready-mixed compost, all types of sprays including ‘Physan’, water brakes and extension handles, sphagnam moss (Tasmania) and Dundas sprinklers for watering and misting. E FR Ee = Valley Orchids 1989/90 Cymbidium catalogue. This is more than just a catalogue. It is the most comprehensive listing of modern Cymbidiums available. Over 100 Cymbidiums in full color. Plants are categorized for cut-flower, pot plant, exhibition and stud use. Sizes from in flask to flowering are offered. Prices for one plant to 10,000 plants are set to excite and attract everyone from the beginner to the largest commercial growers and freight i ide_for fl n II plants This catalogue also includes information on plant classification, a glossary of orchid terms and award abbreviations. Valley Orchids 1989/90 catalogue is essential reading for anyone who is interested in Cymbidiums. Send for your free copy VALLEY ORCHIDS AOR 1089 Please send me your free PIMPALA ROAD 1989/90 Cymbidium catalogue. MORPHETT VALE 5162 |Name SOUTH AUSTRALIA Phone:(08) 381 2609 International:(618) 381 2609 FAX:(08) 381 8335 22 mass of various plants were being gathered in one place, which in time were to have their home at a spot called Gloucester Park at Sinclair Bay. Connections with this Bay began around 1924 when family annual holi- days were always spent at Dingo Beach, around the corner. Realizing the possibilities, Ken always kept at the back of his mind the beautiful corner and hoped in time to make his home there. His dreams came to fruition in the early 1940’s. Several hundred palm trees, and an array of exotic tropical specimens were planted. The tropical paradise was beginning to realize. In 1948 Ken married Anne Hickey, originally from N.S.W., who with her family had moved to the Conway area in 1937. Together with his wife and a lot of hard work, a popular holiday destination was then completed for tourists. Two children, a daughter then a son were to arrive on the scene later. Fishing and shell collecting were the order of the day, and when life was flowing smoothly along would come the odd cyclone for a change. Ken’s escapades up and down the coast both on land and in small craft would take a book to cover on their own. One trip recalled which was intended primarily to study reefs, or- namental trees and shrubs and bird life in his capacity as a National Parks Honorary Ranger, could have ended up with at the least a lengthy swim to the nearest Island, if he had not been so capable in handling this 12 foot dinghy. A 60 foot whale and _ her 25 foot calf sprayed them with water, shot into the air, then flashed away, also a school of porpoises decided to play around them, then a strong South Easter whipped up a 20 foot sea, all of which made the boat look ridiculously small! The journeys sometimes took many weeks and today there would not be many ranges and hidden corners that have not at some time heard the tramp of his boots. In conversation, Ken often make reference to a particular tree smothered in orchids, just grow- ing beside the road way — today these specimens are gone to make way for “progress”. It was during these travels in the Gloucester area that Ken made the first sighting of the famous tree climb- ing wallaby. At the back of the Park he heard dogs barking, on checking found to his surprise a wallaby on a branch of a tree some 15 to 20 ft. up. After a number of later sightings he reported this to the Wildlife Society in 1965 and the rest is history. Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 The collection gathered at Gloucester Park included species plants from far flung corners of the world, most being no longer available due to very stringent export restric- tions on the part of the countries concerned plants such as Rhyncostylis retusa var alba, a much sought after treasure today, arrived in ““swap parcels”. With much sadness, Ken parted with Gloucester Park in the mid 1950’s, but the orchid collection re- mained at Sinclair Bay in the care of his Mother, through the week, and he made the journey each weekend to tend it. Sinclair Bay was to prove the ideal situation for growing Dendrobes and it is from this area that the famous Gloucester line evolved and is named. From a pod of seed of Phalaenopsis germinating on a peat surface on top of the parent plant’s pot, to seed of the Den. discolor var. Bloomfieldii sown on the south western side of a Moreton Bay Ash, where extensive germination took place to the sophisti- cated methods of flasking being car- ried out in Sydney Ken tried various crosses e.g. Den. discolor var. Bloomfieldii — with Soft cane Dendrobes D. nobile, D. primulinum, D. pieradii, D. superbum — always good germination but on removal from the flask the plants were unde- Some of these are seedlings. Spathoglottis, reared by Ken. cided as to how to develop. This was left as unsatisfactory. During the next decade many fine plants were produced from our native and near native dendrobes including D. caniliculatum. Some fifty crosses were made from this orchid. Den. Gloucester Sands did not just “happen” overnight, some 9 crosses made in different years, before the end result — medium sized growth, long and many flowered spikes in a wide range of shades, this being the forerun- ner of a long list of Gloucesters includ- ing D. Charm, Dawn, Sunsets etc. Breeding from here on was not all “plain sailing’? — there were many setbacks, however further studies on the polyploidy of plants partly ex- plained many problems. So today...... far in excess of 1400 crosses have now been made — some successes, some failures, but all aimed in the one direction. The final seal of approval was given the Den. Gloucester Sands when it received a high award at the World Orchid Conference in Sydney in 1969. Not only orchids are grown now — showy caladiums and __ selected hippeastrums tub grown, feature in this half acre plus of rock and gravel raised beds under the natural brush box scrub. A number of hippeastrum crosses grown to flowering size Ken has named “The Bride’; these feature Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 graduated shades of pink and are a joy tc behold. Some twenty five different varieties of avocados flourish on his Vine Creek property and in his travels is always on the lookout for another “newone’”’. After 20 years of growing avocados, the pleasure of having perfected the kilo plus fruit is his. In past years he had become known as a water diviner of note and has a number of very successful bores to his credit. Ken has always been active in the community and in earlier years held his share of positions as secretary to Farmers’ Branches, Cricket and Tennis Clubs, as today is the Patron of the Local Orchid Society and Pistol Club. Judging of horticulture shows has be- come a regular occurrence over the last decade and a half. Somewhere in all this was 25 years service to the Local Authority, as Parks and Gardens Curator in the latter years — and it is in this capacity that he has encouraged the wider use of our own local native trees especially “paper barks and bottlebrushes’’. It is through Ken’s_ insistence and perserverance that plantings of suit- able shade trees along the foreshores of the Shires main beaches, the Jet Air- 38 ENGADINE AVE, ENGADINE N.S.W. We specialize in Miniature, Inter- mediate & Standard Cymbidiums, Zygopetalums, Dendrobiums and have many other temperate to cool growing genera. Mail and telephone orders/enquiries are most welcome and satisfaction is GUARANTEED. AUSSIE BARK 55 litres (2 cu.ft.) BAG $20.00 OR 6 BAGS FOR $105.00. CASH, PERSONAL CHEQUES & MOST CREDIT CARDS ARE ACCEPTED So when in Sydney call & see us or send a stamped self addressed envelope for our latest listing. (02) 520 4830 NURSERY OPEN WEEKENDS. OTHER TIMES BY APPOINTMENT. 23 It’s Great, It's ‘Bloo min’ Great Give lt A Go Mate, POLWOOD PTY. LTD. Telephone (071) 215737 Fax: (071) 23 1725. Quality guaranteed, boiled and limed. Ph neutral. Impurities removed, chunky, and long lasting. No need to soak in nutrients in Fungicides, it is ready for instant use. 4 grades available, single bags over 2cft. For more information call Saltwater Creek Nursery. Ph (071) 21 5737, or call your nearest agent, they will be glad to be of service to you. Dis- counts for quantity. Now for prompt delivery in N.S.W. contact our distrib- utors ‘“Evelin Orchids”. Phone (045)66 8243 FAX (045) 66 8321. They will be happy to service your nur- sery or business. AGENTS: (PRODUCERS OF TREATED PINE BARK) (UME TREATED) GRADE No. f OOD PTY. LTD. trading as | HERVEY BAY RD, | MARYBOROUGH ©. aga (074). 215737 - BRISBANE Humpybong Nursery, 38 Collins Street, Woody Point, Qld. 4019. Ph (07) 284 3283. BRISBANE Cabbage Tree Orchids, Bill Twine, 3 Hickson Road, Deagon (807) 269 8108. BRISBANE Raat & Mary Cook, 99 Eynsford St, Carina, Ph (07) 398 6893. (07) 808 6764 BRISBANE Vikin nf i & Garden Supplies, (Graham & BRUNSWICK H Sheaffe’s Orchids Nursery, Percy BUNDABERG Produce Traders, 33a Woondooma St, Bundaberg, 4670. Ph ( ) 108 Bailey Rd, Deception Bay. Ph (07) 203 3949 Sheal t 38 rie at aa Heads, N.S.W. Ph i066) 85 1387. — BOWEN Riverdale Orchid Nursery, M.J. Edgerton, Bootooloo Rd, Bowen 4805. Ph (077) 85 2170. CAIRNS Limberlost Nursery, Old Smithfield Road, Freshwater, Cairns. Ph (070) 55 1262. CAIRNS Cairns Bulk Landscaping Supplies. 169 Hartle y Street, Cairns 4870. Ph (070) 51 5167. DARWIN Lakeside Orchids, Lloyd & Win Kent, Lot 31 Nottage Road, Bees Creek, N.T. ey a! (089) 88 1004 GLADSTONE Hyne & Son Pty. Ltd., Crn. Side & Yaroon GYMPIE i Pedersen, 12 Widgee Crossing Road, Gympie. Ph (071) 882 2814 Sure Crop Nursery, Alan & Dorothy Kraschnefski, Nerang Broadbeach Rd, Carrara. Ph (075) 58 1861. HERVEY BAY Yallaroo Nursery, Gordon Cook, Maryborough Rd Pialba. Ph 8 1526. GOLD COAS Streets, Gladstone. Ph me 721 Ss INGHAM Hilder’s Toobanna Garden Centre, 18km South Bruce Highway. PI IPSWICH Trevor Grewar, 27 Nolan Street, Raceview, 4305. Ph (072) 81 MALANDA Stocker’s Nursery, Millaa Millaa Rd, Malanda, Nth Qld., 4885. 2 0m 772200. Ph (070) 96 5362. wo NAMBOUR Graham & Beryl Robertson, MS 1096, Blackall Range Rd Nambour. Ph (071) 42 1913. ROCKHAMPTON Alan Stenlake, 59 Armstrong St, North Rockhampton, 47’ . Ph (079) 22 4636. SARINA Harrison's Nursery, (Jenny) 2 Graham St, Sarina, 4737. Bs (079) 56 1008. STANTHORPE Border Hills Orchids, Sugarloaf Road, Stanthorpe. Ph (076: SOUTH AUSTRALIA Barry Bailey, 5 Taunton Avenue, Enfield, “HS Ph TAMBOURINE Tambourine Mountain Orchids, 158 Long Rd, Eagle Heights. TOWOOMBA Rorafest Orchids, Darling Street, P.0. Box 7011, Ph (075) 4 oowoomba 4352. Ph re 0 1102. AH (076) 34 2953. TOWNSVILLE Keiths Nursery, 26 Gorari St, Idalia, Townsville 4810, Ph 077) 78 247: VICTORIA Collectors Corner Garden World, Springvale Road, Keyesborough, Victoria 3173, Ph (03) 798 5845. VICTORIA Dingley Fern Market, 233 Centre Dandenong Road, Dingley, Victoria, 3172. Ph (03) 551 1868. WESTERN AUSTRALIA Ezi Gro Orchids, Lot 37, Evandale Road, Landsdale, Perth. Ph (09) 343 2761. FAX (09) 309 3182. port, parks and streets have taken place. Ken, together with others was in- strumental in forming the Proserpine Orchid and Foliage Plant Club, later known as the Proserpine Orchid and Foliage Society, which, in this our Nation’s Bicentennial year now cel- ebrates their Silver Jubilee. At the inaugural meeting in Febru- ary, 1963 Ken was elected their foun- dation President with fourteen orchid lovers present. The President’s chair, Technical Advisor and other positions he has filled over the years. Ken 1s still active with the Society, judging competitions, attending field days and what brings much pleasure to a wide range of growers — are the many field days — some “mini” and others “large” that spend a rushed half hour stretched to ...... ¥, hour or three to four hours just browsing and talking “‘orchid talk” in the shade of the branches of the brush box cover of his “bush house”. The esteem in which Ken is held is evidenced by the number of Life Memberships of Societies from Townsville to Brisbane which he has received. Two years ago the highest accolade available to the Queensland Orchid Society was awarded “‘in recog- nition of his outstanding efforts in furthering Orchid growing in Queens- land, in particular the pioneering work done in the breeding of the Den. canaliculatum hybrids”’. More recently, in Darwin, at the Conference held on the occasion of the twenty-third anniversary of the forma- tion of the Tropical Queensland Or- chid Council, their Silver Medallion and Fellowship Award was presented to Ken with 100% approval. The Award is given for “service to the T.Q.0.C. and to orchid culture in general in North Queensland”. This trip to Darwin has been de- scribed as the highlight of his life, and one gathers the impression that a more leisurely trip to explore that distant section of our country is already being thought about. In conclusion, there does not seem to be much that Ken at sometime in his life has not tried his hand at — in his own words years ago “I don’t think my lifetime will be long enough for me to do all the things I want to do”. These lines represent only a very _ small part of a life filled with many joys and sorrows, but most import- antly finally achieving in his chosen field. 5 Mary Friederichs July, 1988. Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 The 1st Australasian Native Orchid Conference & Show Den Lorrikeet Peewee x Ellen - photo: Wal Upton Den Elegant Heart ‘Jill’ - photo: Wal Upton Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 Ts decision to hold the Ist Australasian Native Orchid Conference and Show by ANOS Council marks a mile-stone in the history of this organisation. It also marks a new era in the cultivation and hybridization of Australian orchids. A new era in the appreciation and popu- larity of our beautiful native orchids. With the work that our hybridists are doing with the crossing of section Dendrocoryne and section Phalaenanthe, combining the cool growing Dendrobiums with the warm growing Dendrobiums from Queens- land, a whole new market, a new interest and entirely new concept and beauty has been opened up. Growers are clamouring for seedlings and or flasks of such crosses as Dendrobium Elegant Heart, D. Peewee and D. Lori- keet. These cool growing hybrids pro- vide a new elegance, a new beauty to these unique orchids. After all they are unique to this area of the World. The Ist Australasian Native Orchid Con- ference and Show is also unique as it is the first time such an event has been held and also because it deals only with orchids of the Australasian area. Native orchid growers throughout the area are looking forward to this event with excitement and interest. Conference Venue. The University of Wollongong Pen- tagon was chosen as the conference venue because of its ideal lecture facili- ties. Being surrounded by spacious grounds and gardens. Having quick access off the Sydney Expressway with ample parking, it should prove popu- lar with individuals and families alike. The Wollongong Botanic Gardens are adjacent to the University with the Rhododendron Park close by. The Conference Logo. The Logo depicts Prerostylis gibbosa now endemic only to the Wollongong area and is one of Australia’s rarest orchids. A great deal of work has been done by the Wollongong Group of ANOS in preserving this species. The Conference Badge which will be avail- able at the conference also depicts this rare orchid. The Conference. The Conference lectures will be held over three full days. They will cover such topics as the origins, distribution, September 27th-September 30th 1990 Den Elegant Heart ‘Vibrant’ - photo: Wal Upton Den Peewee (campactum used) - photo: Wal Upton 25 26 “ OR Visitors to the nursery this year were treated to a massive display of flowering plants, many representing the parentage of future seedling cymbidiums where a great deal of effort is being made to produce HIGH COLOUR range tetraploids for showbench and export. Wyone Orcuip Nurseries “N.S.W. Central Coast Orchid Specialists” IN ADDITION!! A huge range of genera from our agencies for — TAMBORINE MOUNTAIN ORCHIDS (QLD) — Top quality cattleya, dendrobium, and miscellaneous seedlings and mericlones. WONDABAH ORCHIDS (N.S.W.) — Specialists in a huge range of genera including cymbidium, mini cymbidium, cattleya, dendrobium, slippers etc. DOWN UNDER NATIVE ORCHIDS (N.S.W.) — Soon to be recognised as Australian leaders in native hybrids — beautiful well grown plants. (SEND $1 STAMP FOR FULL COMPREHENSIVE CATALOGUES) FOR CYMBIDIUM ENTHUSIASTS OUR SOUTH AUSTRALIAN AGENTS ARE — CYMBIDIUM CITY ORCHIDS, 25 SCHOOL DRIVE, BANKSIA PARK, S.A. 5091. Phone (08) 264 6126. METH fw Basford Road, Lake Munmorah, N.S.W. 2259 Gougieor) | Australia — TEL. (043) 58 8563 \ : : Yamamoto DENDROBIUMS World’s Finest Orchids The best range of Soft Cane Dendrobiums ever!!! COLOUR SPECTACULAR Make an appointment to visit our nursery at Lot7 Hearns Lake Road, Woolgoolga during flowering time. YAMAMOTO DENDROBIUMS are easy to grow and flower in a wide range of climates (satisfied customers from Northern Queensland to Tasmania and Western Australia). Amazing colour range. Long-lasting blooms. Not expensive. Small plants from $8.00 grow to large plants quickly. Large from $18.00. Detailed growing indstructions and friendly, helpful advice always available. Varieties to suit all tastes whether growing for show or jut pleasure. Our plants are winning championships all over the country including Champion Dendrobium Orchid Expo 88 at Caloundra and Champion Dendrobium 11th Australian Orchid Conference in Sydney. Gift Vouchers Also Available If you are not already on our mailing list SEND S.A. E. FOR DESCRIPTIVE LIST OR PHONE: BANANACOAST ORCHIDS PO BOX 1528, COFFS HARBOUR, NSW 2450 PHONE (066) 54 1183 Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 propagation, history, hybridization, nomenclature and conservation of Australasian Orchids. Those attending will not only be enlightened by lec- tures delivered by leading authorities on Australasian Orchids but will be treated to a full and exciting social program. The Ist National Australasian Native Orchid Show. Commencing one day earlier than the lectures and running for four days, the Ist National Australasian Native Orchid Show will be housed in the University of Wollongong’s Sporting Complex. It was chosen because of it’s close proximity to the Pentagon, easy access and ample parking. With its undercover floor area of almost 900m? and modern facilities it should pro- vide an ideal area for the many dis- plays which Orchid Societies, Com- mercial Growers and individuals will want to take advantage of. First prize for the best display will be $2,000.00 with the total prizemoney in excess of $10,000.00 In close proximity to the Show will be a large commercial area, where hybridists and propagators will be able to sell many of the beautiful species and hybrids being produced today. This area will provide a rare oppor- tunity for Badge Collectors to buy and exchange badges. The 1st Australasian Native Orchid Art & Photographic Show. This exciting addition to the confer- ence and show will give a rare oppor- tunity to view and buy paintings of Australasian Orchids by noted botan- ical artists. An extensive Photographic Show and Competition depicting native or- chids is also being planned in conjunc- tion with the Art Show. Prizes to the value of at least $3,000.00 are being offered for this event. We expect to hold this section in the same building as the Orchid Show overlooking the displays. The Conference Tours. Guided tours are being organised before and after the Conference for those who would like to see many of the 200 species of orchids found grow- ing in the area. Wollongong, with its white sandy beaches, waterfalls, mountains, National Parks and many recreational activities will entertain adults and children alike. General. Wollongong is a thriviing City of around 250,000 people. Nestling be- tween the mountains and the sea it has the advantage of a magnificent coast- line, spectacular mountain lookouts, secluded bushland, rare native wildlife Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 Den Suzanne - photo: Wal Upton and rainforests with many beautiful beaches. Wollongong is now an important international conference and tourist destination served by freeway con- ditions for much of the 80 Km from Sydney. It is well served by rail and commuter bus services to Sydney’s National and International Airport with ample accommodation to suit all tastes and budgets. Wollongong is well suited to host this auspicious and exciting event. [jj Ron Wheeldon Chairman Anos Conference Committee All enquiries to:- The Conference Co-Ordinator Wollongong Uniadvice Limited The University of Wollongong PO Box 1144 Wollongong NSW 2500 Phone: (042) 27-0956 Fax No (042) 27-1675 Cymbidiums of Distinction SINCE 1923 HODGINS ORCHIDS P.O. BOX 108 FRANKSTON 3199 PHONE (03) 787 5554 THE NURSERY IS SITUATED IN CANNING ST. MT ELIZA BY APPOINTMENT 27 ARANBEEM ORCHIDS “The Orchid Centre of Australia” V. GORDON DILLON This top quality hybrid has achieved world wide acclaim. We offer the following clones, some of which have already won champion- ship prizes. V. Gordon Dillon ‘Sapphire’ AM/AOS (Flowering size, $100 ea) V. Gordon Dillon ‘Udom’ (Blooming size, $75 ea) V. Gordon Dillon ‘Blue’ (Blooming size, $75 ea) V. Gordon Dillon ‘Pink’ (Blooming size, $60 ea) Despatch orders add $10 Despatch and Packing MAIL ORDER SPECIALISTS AUSTRALIA WIDE CHARM ORCHID NURSERY 11 GRANVILLE TCE, MARYBOROUGH Q, 4650 PHONE: (071) 21 5833. Props: C & M Hausknecht 30 years experience in Orchid culture. Exclusive to Charm: “The Superior Parentages Cattleya Book No2” Top quality orchids imported from Hawaii Seedlings to flowering size Cattleyas, Cattletonias, Dendrobes, intergeneric crosses @ Proven quality Instant Use Boiled Australian Pine Bark Readily available in four grades $13 Bag. @ Wire Hangers ee PLEASE SEND SAE FOR PRICE LISTS ee 28° V. Gordon Dillon ‘Sapphire’ AM/AOS Brisbane 4508 FREE “Regular Plant Listing’ on request FREE ‘‘Premier Selection and Imported Plant Listing’ on request Priests Rd. (RO. Box 96), Deception Bay, Phone (07) 888 3637 Nursery Hours: Mon. to Sat. 8am-5pm. Closed Sundays and Public Holidays CARINYA ORCHIDS We specialise in + Canaliculatum/Johannis Hybrids + Imported Dendrobiums *kPhalaenopsis *Mini Cattleya Hybrids from *kSeagulls Landing Orchids, USA. Send stamp for comprehensive listing Post: M.S. 221 Maryborough Q 4650, Phone (071) 29 7358. A NEW LOOK CYMBIDIUM FROM NZ Cym. Firevieux ‘Hadfield Triply’ AD OSNZ First Australian release of a most attractive freak Sepals are red and petals are cream with red spots on edges. Orders will be taken in rotation $10 plus $2 post and packing for each tube only. Our usual range of showbench orchids also available from $3.50 Send S.AE for new listings. W & B Crouch, Cymbidium Orchids, 129 Austin Road, Seaford 3198 Phone (03) 786 3428 Please mention Orchid Review Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 his article is not a scientific report, but merely a visual obser- vation from outings in the area over many years. Innisfail is situated at the junction of the two Johnstone Rivers and roughly in the middle of the low wet coastal belt which stretches from Tully to the south and Fishery Falls in the north. This area lies between the low coastal range to the east and the Great Dividing Range to the west. With an average rainfall of 160 inches (4064 mm) the orchids are used to plenty of water. Two-thirds of this rainfall is received in January to March/April with the following 8 to 9 months having showers and periods of dry weather. Temperatures range from 8°C in winter and this for only a short time in early morning, to a high of 38°C in summer which is accompanied by high humidity. As most of this wet belt has been + Den ruppianum Australian Orchid Review, October 1989 cleared and now used for sugar cane, banana and tea growing, there is not a great amount of virgin bush left to look for orchids. Available areas are swamps, coastal range and sea-front plus creeks and rivers that have trees along their banks. Some orchids have survived in con- siderable numbers, mainly Dendrobium discolor, which is found from sea level (where high tide can reach the base), back into the Great Dividing Range. The odd plant of D. discolor var broomfieldii can be found by spending a lot of time searching at flowering time. D. wilkianum also grow in the areas where D. discolor abides and are difficult to identify unless in flower. D. canaliculatum can be found in the wet coastal plain usually in an open area with plenty of light and breeze, also on open ridges on the coastal range. The sort-after D. nindii is now very scarce in this area, the Johnstone River being the approximate southern border. Some may still be found, but as one grower out to collect from the swamps remarked at the end of the day that it was easier and cheaper to buy one from a nursery! Especially as he spent a lot of time waist deep in water, one eye looking for orchids, the other for crocodiles and wishing for a third for snakes and other creepy crawlies. Another dendrobium that likes the swamp conditions is D. baileyi which is much easier to reach as the ones I have seen were growing 1'4-2 metres above ground level. D. similliae once very prolific in number in the southern section are no longer there as the land was cleared for cane farms. D. ruppianum is also found in this southern section and as it is twenty years since I visited the site, I do not know if they remain untouched, they Den tetragonum var giganteum 29 Myall Orchids New Guinea and Australian Ceratobium Dendrobiums including D. bigibbum, D. canaliculatum and D. johannis hybrids. . CYMBIDIUM | City ORcHIDS Some New Guinea species. Seedlings to flowering size. Min Korsman 95 TOOLAKEA BEACH ROAD, BLUEWATER QUEENSLAND 4816. (077) 88 6147 25 School Drive, Banksia Park, S.A. 5091 NURSERY OPEN May to October (incl) 10 am to 5 pm Sat/Sun SPECIALISING IN CYMBIDIUMS FROM ACROSS THE TASMAN MERRELLEN ORCHIDS Ted & Barbara Gregory Specialist breeders of cool growing Aust Natives and Hybrids. Send 37¢ stamp for our 88-89 list. Mail orders our specialty. 181 Oxenford Road, Tamborine Heights, Qld 4271. px: (075) 45 1576 Write now to be placed on our mailing list. Mandurang ORCHID NURSERY Tannery Lane, Mandurang, Vic. 3551. ™@ Don't be frustrated If your glasshouse Isn't (8 km from Bendigo) giving the results you want. contact the De Telephone (054) 39 5273 glasshouse control professionals a ro and le us put you on the right track to perfect growing AUSTRALIAN NATIVE (oe) lol tale) aly DENDROBIUM HYBRIDS Well established in 4” pots $8 each or 5 for $35 plus freight $9 by Skyroad or by post if requested. Den. Suffusnem Pastel pinks, cream and mauve flowers with darker pink or purple spots on backs of petals (perfumed). Den. Gracious Falcon Large cream flowers with a wonderful perfume. Den. Gillian Leaney Expect pastel pink, mauve and white blooms with purple spotted lips (perfumed). Den. Delicatum Perfumed white flowers on long - All our units are easy to Install and can be fitted by the home handyman with no electrician lal ={={o [To B OUR UNITS ARE: @ ENVIROTROL | Provides precise year round glasshouse temperature control using Inexpensive domestic appliances. @ ENVIROTROL Ill All the features of the ENVIROTROL | plus ETelel-ToM cele} metole) ale meelatace) Mae) materi linlisl-lmeelaleliale) ace @ ENVIROTROL IV All the features of the ENVIROTROL II! plus C\qae-MellideliimmxeMe)elalanly-Maltialieliameaclireae) @ AUTOVENT | Give completely automatic glasshouse venting when used with any of the ENVIROTROLS. @ HUMITROL | Precision callbrated glasshouse humidistat used to control a humidifler, fogging Jets or special venting systems to control humidity. We also manufacture large | DEALER ENQUIRIES [RR YeeyiarercT nth ele WELCOME commercial houses — call and talk to us. — DISCOUNT ON HOBBY FLASKS, FLASKS, COMMUNITY POTS DENDROBIUMS, VANDAS, CATTLEYAS, PHALAENOPSIS NOW AVAILABLE: OUR OWN FRESHLY PREPARED ~ ORCHID CULTURE MEDIUM IN HOBBY PACKS OR BULK. CREDIT CARDS WELCOME Please send 80¢ stamp for our spring catalogue. 72 MOUNT PETER ROAD (corner Mann St. & Mount Peter Rd.) EDMONTON, NORTH QLD. 4869 PLEASE PHONE: (070) 55 4751 BEFORE VISITING. 34 Dendrobium antennatum small part this gives orchid growers and others an insight into how and why a scientific name is derived. The supplement contains species which have been recently discovered and name changes to existing species. These changes cannot be used at the present time because description in latin of the species have not been lodged. This is an extremely good book for the serious native and exotic grower of orchids. The presentation lends it to being a very good reference work with outstanding colour photographs and line diagrams pertaining to many of the species. Can be recommended for the book- shelf or society library. An extremely good volume at the recommended retail price. Davi pies ‘aia Australian Orchid Review, December 1989 Dear Sir, Please find enclosed 3 negatives of photos of Den Esme Poulton. This is the first time I have photographed the flower and J admit I am not an expert. With Den Esme Poulton is its mother plant, and you can see the difference in colour and flower shape. Dr N. Grundon did write an article on the plant; he claimed the flower looked like a small Den dicuphum. I can’t see the likeness myself; I don’t know what plant he saw, I gave all the plants, except two, to different people around the State so they could grow them under different conditions. I have found them hard to grow and didn’t like pot culture. I now have one on cork, but the best is this plant growing on rolled up Ti Tree bark. I forgot to mention the mother plant is Den. bigibbum var compactum, and of course the male was Den. kingianum. I do know that some of the plants have died, but I didn’t ask what culture the people used. a Thanking you, I remain, Yours faithfully, Bill Poulton, Wolffdene, Qld. 4207. Australian Orchid Review, December 1989 Dear Mr Wallace, For those of your readers who may have attempted to unravel some of the names for the orchid species collected by Mr Graham Bowden and his wife while living in Papua New Guinea (Letters, AOR August 1989, page 32) it is probable that ‘Dendrobium aenulas’ is D. aemulans of section Calyptrochilus; ‘Dendrobium _ oree- chairs’ must surely be D. oreocharis which is now a synonym of D. subacaule, Dendrobium uncinatum is now a synonym of D. vexillarius both of which are in section Oxyglossum and Diplocaulobium —hydrophylm should read Diplocaulobium hydrophilum. Some of your readers may also be interested to know that the revision of Dendrobium — section Oxyglossum which was undertaken by Tom M. Reeve (Campbelltown, NSW) and myself some years ago is now in press and should be available in 1990. Further enquiries should be addressed ‘to Mrs Norma Gregory, Publications Officer, Royal Botanic Garden. The revision has all 28 species illustrated by line drawings and all but two illustrated by colour photos. Notes on the cultivation of these attractive species are included. Yours sincerely, PJB Woods, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh EH3 5LR Scotland. Safety of Sphagnum Editor: For the second time this year I have read a warning in the AOS Bulletin covering the safety of using New Zea- land sphagnum moss as a potting mixture. I do not believe that the average orchid hobbyist is aware of the danger of using this material. A fungus infection of the lungs is a serious matter, and these fungi resist treat- ment, so that a hobbyist who becomes infected may well have a serious chronic problem for the rest of his or her life. I was under the illusion that a mask and rubber gloves would be sufficient protection, particularly if the moss were pretreated with a fungicide such as Subdue. However, I have been informed by several physicians in the Providence area that this is not a wise course of action and that I should cease immediately from using this material. I believe that the average hobbyist who knows little of these problems should be warned of the danger assoc- lated with the product. In fact, I feel that the American Orchid Society has a moral responsibility to notify the hobbyist of this danger. A small test project could be funded to verify the findings of Dr. Isadore Rudnikoff. Such a testing program would involve a rather small outlay of money and would be of enormous assistance both to the hobbyist and to the suppliers of New Zealand sphagnum moss. | Aaron Wold Professor of Chemistry Brown University Providence, Rhode Island 02912 (From September, 1989 issue American Orchid Society Bulletin) Unique Designs A new process of encasing small orchid flowers in gold, silver and bronze has been developed in Bris- bane. The range of items comprises stickpins, brooches, earring and pen- dants. Further information can be ob- tained from Valward Pty Ltd 2 Dorothy St. Kippa-Ring 4020 Qld. | BRAZILIAN ORCHIDS AND BROMELIADS Plants and Seeds CATALOG No. 83. offers around 3,000 true-to-name different ORCHIDS and BROMELIADS, and contains nearly 400 illustrations (also in colour), will be sent for US$5.00 by air mail. Payments’ exclusively by cash, or cheque payable in NEW YORK, by any bank. We also. supply’ seeds_ of PHILODENDRUM, PALMS AND OTHER FOLIAGE PLANTS. OUR PRODUCTS HAVE BEEN GUARANTEED SINCE 1906. ALVIM SEIDEL Orquideario Catarinense PO Box 1, 89280 CORUPA, Sta. Catarina, Brazil. 35 feo CRISPINS MACAMA’ Hybrids won 4 championships this year NATIVE ORCHID NURSERY TELEPHONE (066) 42 4524 Seedlings available from our famous parents. : Specialising in Specimen-size Native Orchids Lycaste can be grown in shade house. Extensive range of cool growing Queensland Natives Lists available S.A.E. Flowering size Hybrid Natives ‘oi : Large Range of Staghorns Visitors welcome, please phone for appointment. & Elkhorns Dispatch anywhere in Australia A.F.W. and D.M. ALCORN SAE for price list to 169 Pennant Hills Rd, Carlingford, N.S.W. 2118. Tel. (02) 630 1904 126 ALICE STREET, GRAFTON, NSW 2460 SHADE CLOTH STILL THE CHEAPEST Queensland’s largest range of shade cloth in green, black, brown and white. Top quality guaranteed. Lyc. Macama ‘Supreme’ Myall Orchids New Guinea and Australian Ceratobium Dendrobiums 1800mm (6’) Knitted 3600mm (12’) Knitted including D. bigibbum, D. erm per 50mroll erm __per50mroll canaliculatum and D. oon Sieg aee at ane ew johannis hybrids. 70% 4.60 195 709 : . ce 80% $5.40 $295 80% $10.80 $450 Some New Guinea species. Seedlings to flowering size. Min Korsman 95 TOOLAKEA BEACH ROAD, BLUEWATER QUEENSLAND 4816. (077) 88 6147 ) oes? y ye 4 ity NEWMARKET VJIALALALAMAMAMAMAAMAAMAMAA AMA Ahhh hhh hhhde 176 Enoggera Rd, Newmarket, Q. 4051 Ph (07) 356 0162 Country Orders Welcome. DINGLEY FERN MARKET WELCOMES “A ERNKETTLE V.0.C. JUDGE, ORCHID EXPERT AND LOCAL GROWER i After 39 years as horticultural supervisor at the S.E.C., Ern has now joined our orchid team. Our very successful orchid department, managed by Jan Mayer, will now benefit from his knowledge and experience. Together with the loyal support of our suppliers, and our policy of ‘‘quality first’ and low mark-ups, Dingley Fern Market still remains “THE PLACE TO GO” SOLE VICTORIAN AGENT: SOLE MELBOURNE AGENT: Wondabah Orchids Mills Orchid Nursery (S.A.) Down Under Native Orchids VICTORIAN AGENT: Orchids International Bananacoast Orchids 36 Australian Orchid Review, December 1989 Melbourne spring weather didn’t deter large crowds from turning up to Melbourne Eastern Orchid Society’s Spring Show, held in the Mechanics Institute, Oakleigh, from 5 to 8 October. This is the peak cymbidium flowering season in Melbourne, and the size and quality of the show re- flected this. Champion Orchid of the Show was Bob Hodgins beautiful Cymbidium Jubilation ‘Geronimo’. The same orchid was Reserve Cham- pion for Terry Poulton, whose high quality stand won the trophy for Best Display of Orchids. There was very stiff competition for this trophy from many other excellent stands. A huge, beautifully flowered, softpink Dendrobium Delicatum won the tro- phy for the Pre-eminent Entry of the Show for Bob McHutchison, and was greatly admired by all. The verdict? A very friendly and successful show. Jack Silva In May 1988 the first public meet- ing of the Cymbidium Club of S.A. was held: twelve months on, and I am pleased to advise that the CCSA has gone from strength to strength, it having established:— (A) Membership — Currently our members total 220, increasing at the rate of 10 per month throughout 1989. (B) Bulletin — Each month the Club produces a high quality bulletin, featuring photographs of plants from our monthly meetings, a stud profile, cultural tips, and news and views from growers as it occurs. Our interstate membership has blossomed due to this special focus upon this very popu- lar genus. We are now investigating the introduction of a colour magazine for adoption in 1989. (C) Monthly Meetings — Attended by 100 plus members, meetings focus upon a range of short presentations that encourage participation by all present. At each meeting a total of $90 is provided as prize-money for the categories of Standard, Intermediate, Miniature, Seedling and Species. (D) Judging System — Following a detailed review of each of the major systems throughout the world during the first half of 1989, it has been decided that a new system be adopted which incorporates all of the desirable facets of the various judging systems, plus new innovative components Australian Orchid Review, December 1989 Top: Terry Poulton's stand, of high quality orchids which won Best Display at the M.E.0.S. Spring Show. Above: Dave and Pat Wickam’s large display at the M.E.0.S. Spring Show. identified by our members. Details of this system can be obtained by writing to our Club. (E) Social Outings — B.B.Q’s fol- lowing a Nursery Tour have proven to be very popular with members. It allows the opportunity for members to mix on a social basis, as well as a detailed inspection of the Commercial Nurseries in and around Adelaide. The CCSA has made giant strides during our first 12 months, and we look forward to a fulfilling future for our members. I would welcome further enquiries/ questions about our Club. Graham Guest, President, CCSA, C/- 105 Boliver Road, Salisbury North SA 5109. P.J.A. ORCHIDS LABORATORIES PH 96 7279 AH FOR SALE FLASKS FROM SUNMOON ORCHIDS INC. CATTLEYA MERICLONES and PHALAENOPSIS Send stamp for list P.O. Box 860 Toowoomba 4350 37 HOW ABOUT AN ORCHID FOR CHRISTMAS? ORCHIDS FROM GROWING POINT 12 Ala Moana Rd., E. Kurrajong, 2758 CYMBIDIUM — many colors standards, intermediate and minis from $5.50 to $15.00 flowering size. CATTLEYA — Showbench, compact and cool growing starting at $7.50. PHALAENOPSIS — $9.50 oe ereing from size Many other miscellaneous orchids. Send 41c stamp for our free catalogue. MAIL ORDER WELCOME. We take Visa and Bankcard. PERSONAL SHOPPERS PLEASE PHONE ON (045) 73 1857 BEFORE VISITING Most Orchids make good house plants when they are in flower. We specialize in Miniature, Inter- mediate & Standard Cymbidiums, Zygopetalums, Dendrobiums and have many other temperate to cool growing genera. Mail and telephone orders/enquiries are most welcome and satisfaction is GUARANTEED. AUSSIE BARK 55 litres (2 cu.ft.) BAG $20.00 OR 6 BAGS FOR $105.00 CASH, PERSONAL CHEQUES & MOST CREDIT CARDS ARE ACCEPTED So when in Sydney call & see us or send a stamped self addressed envelope for our latest listing. (02) 520 4830 NURSERY OPEN WEEKENDS. OTHER TIMES BY APPOINTMENT. 38 Two more Dutch Dazzlers for the connoisseur 12” average leaf length quality mericlones at only $17.50 ea. Cym PIPES OF PAN ‘GLADYS’ (4N) Erect clean white tetraploid intermediate in May. Cym SUMMER PEARL ‘8117’ Said to be the best white SUMMER PEARL — Tall intermediate in April. Plus some local gems at $12.50 ea. Cym CARISAN ‘WARBURTON’ September show deep red intermediate. Cym DREAM VALLEY ‘HEATHER’ (4N) Multiple spiking August rich pink standard. Cyn ORS ‘DESIREE’ First release georgeous tall pink Sept. standard. Cym RUNNING BEAR ‘CANDY STRIPER’ Lilac with mauve overlay. Tall upright August standard. Cym SLEEPING MIDAS ‘SNOW TOUCH’ Ice green July pure colour. Cym SLEEPING NYMPTH ‘NEW GENERATION’ (4N) Shapely and productive soft green August pure colour. ym NANENE SO) “SUPERB WHITE’ (4N) “Perfect” September white standard. Cym MINI GODDESS ‘VENUS’ Brand new Ultra early perfumed tall green intermediate. Please include $10 for all freight. Orders over $100 FREIGHT FREE! Bank/Mastercard welcome. Quote name, number and expiry date. Personal shoppers can also purchase our stock from Peter Chiles Orchids, 5 Peacock Ave, Gawler, S.A. FREE CATALOGUE available on request. Send today for these — Stocks are limited Easy Orchids 5 Richman Ave, Prospect SA 5082 — VEGIMAX — A BIOCHEMICAL LIQUID FERTILIZER IT GIVES HIGHER YIELD AND GREATER PROFITS ALL PLANTS FLOWERS No.1FORORCHIDS Phone Glenn Heylen (08) 344 4255 G. V. E. & M. Distributor: Sub Agents: Goulburn Valley E & M @ BC. &J.E. Schwartz Lugarno Orchids 14 Smith Street Sydney (02) 53 9708 e Pat King, Coffs Shepparton, Victoria Harbour (066) 52 4136 @ Sheaffes Orchid (058) 21 4468 Nursery, Brunswick Heads (066) 85 1387 Mail Orders Taken © Pacific Orchid, Pimlico (066) 87 4520. WANTED AGENTS & OUTLETS ALL STATES MINI CYMBIDIUMS from Queensland’s Gold Coast Specialists in miniature and intermediate cymbidiums including temperature tolerant varieties For list including our exclusive crosses please send stamp to: Arundel Estate Orchids 5 Uplands Drive, Arundel, Gold Coast, Qld, 4214 Nursery open by appointment. Please phone (075) 94 6349 before calling Australian Orchid Review, December 1989 ADVERTISERS INDEX AMP Cloning Lab.............12 Merrelin Orchids ............... 20 Adelaide Orchids....... at Mooroolbark Aranbeem Orchids............ 12 Orchids Srresesstrercerestseetes 12 Arundel Estate Orchids .....38 Mouatt, G.P. & D.E. . Australian Orchid Growers Mt Beenak Directory erential 9, Orchids tame snes nee 20 Banana Coast Orchids......24 Mt Pleasant Orchid Nursery.. ~ainieerenernoanneererd 39 sit Myall Orchids Bryant, Alvin.... xo Orchid Care Cape Oasis ..... 32 Service ........... Carinya Orchids ... ..30 Orchid Enterprises........... Charm Orchid Nursery ......20 Orchid Valley ..........ceeseeeee Crispins Nursery....... . 36 Orchids from Growing Point. Crouch, W & B......sesseeee 8D 38 Cymbidium City Orchids ...18 34 17 D'Bush Orchid Nursery.... Digital Audio Processing... Orchidaceous Dingley Fern Orchidglen Market NUISePy........ccesscsceseseee 18 Double U Orchids. Parade Easy Orchids... 3 Orchids. 28, 31 Evelin Orchids... PJA Orchid Flora Propagation Lab......30 Lab Glenwood Orchids ............. 6 Price, R.G. & I. Goulburn Valley Price Rite ...... OM ea pereprenivererrreceed 38 Saltwater Creek Nur: Hightae Plant Nursery, The... Schaefers Orchids............32 Precast raeterer terre tO, Siedel, Alvin ........ 10D, Horizon Orchids.... .. 7 Slattery, Frank..... 128 Humpybong Orchi ry. Species Orchid N +20 cacneerssontussosacaessanesassbaronses 33 Sun Moon Orchids........... 40 Keiths Nursery ................14 Sunshine Orchid Nursery..14 3 Kudla Orchid Sydney Orchids...........0.... 8 r Taida Horticultural Co. Ltd.14 Tamborine Mountain Orchids 8 Tinonee Orchid Nursery....31 Twin Oaks Books Inc. Valley Orchids ..... Wondabah Orchid: BUYERS GUIDE Buy, sell or swap. Five lines Cy) thirty words) for only Each additional line (Approximately six words) $3. ORCHID STUDY COURSE by corre- spondence. 140 other courses including propagation, greenhouse management, tis- sue culture, wholesale nursery. Details from A.H.C.S. 264 Swansea Rd, Lilydale. Ph (03) 736 1882. SPECIE PAPHIO ADDICTS now being catered for by NOVO ORCHIDS with plants at affordable prices from Thailand, China and Philippines send stamp for listing P.O. Box 154, Adamstown 2289. ORCHID ENTERPRISES PO Box 2398, Southport, Qld. 4215 PHONE: (075) 53 1924 FLASKS — PLANTS Seedlings and Mericlones Cattleyas - Softcanes - Hardcanes Vandaceous - Odont. alliance - species KEIKIGROW PRODUCTS — we are the SOLE Australian agents for Keikigrow Products of Canada. Keikigrow - Stoprot and Rootgrow in stock - 7.5cc at $12.50 Post Paid Send stamp for our current listings. Australian Orchid Review, December 1989 A NEW LOOK ORCHIDS CYMBIDIUM FROM NZ Cym. Firevieux ‘Hadfield Triply QUALITY CATTLEYAS 5 AD OSNZ Latest EXHIBITION and First Australian release of a most MINIATURES attractive freak Sepals are red and petals are cream with red spots on edges. Orders will be taken in rotation $10 plus $2 post and packing for each tube only. Our usual range of showbench orchids also available from $3.50 Send SAE. for new listings. W & B Crouch, Cymbidium Orchids, 129 Austin Road, Seaford 3198 Phone (03) 786 3428 Please mention Orchid Review 50mm to Flowering Some other Genera Available Specialising in Mail Order Visits by Appointment Write or Phone for Free List G. P. & D. E. MOUATT Serpentine Creek Road Redland Bay Qlid 4165 PHONE (07) 206 7698 MT PLEASANT ORCHID NURSERY 148 School of Arts Road, Redland Bay, 4165 Qld Phone: (07) 206 7253 Growers and importers of quality plants Lc. Netrasiri Doll ‘Bicentennial’ FCC/CTS. Exciting yellow cluster. A must in every collection. 2” Pots $10.00. Le. Lisa Ann Jan Hani AM/AOS Joga. Brilliant orange-red. 2” pots $7.00. Bic. Dercile Little ‘Chiang’. Bright Red, yellow in Lip. 2” pots $7.00. Bic. Dawson City ‘Mendenhall’ AM/AOS. Shades of Rich pink. 2” pots $6.00. Den. c.k. Ai ‘Amanda’. Brilliant Red. 2” pots $6.00. Ascda. Laksi; 3” pots $12.00. Radiant Red. We are suppliers of American (Sequoia) Orchid Bark $21 per 2 cu ft bag. Nursery hours 9am-4pm. Closed Mondays. * %& %& & 4 GENERATIONS OF GROWING EXPERIENCE * *% *& WONDABAH ORCHIDS PL S.L. Orpetti THIS BEAUTIFULLY COLOURED ORCHID IS AN EASY ORCHID TO GROW AND FLOWER. WE HAVE Si. ORPETTI AVAILABLE AS SEED- LINGS. WHEN FULLY MATURE PLANT WILL CARRY UPWARDS OF 30 FLOWERS. WE HAVE OTHER SOPHRO-LAELIA CROSSES AVAILABLE IN COLOURS FROM YELLOW ORANGE TO DEEPEST RED, SHADEHOUSE OR GLASSHOUSE GROWER IN 70 M.L. PLASTIC POTS PRICED AT $7.50 EACH. OUR NEW SPRING/SUMMER CATALOGUE IS AVAILABLE NOW. NEW CROSSES RELEASED FROM 1ST NOVEMBER. Nov. /April May only June till Oct. 31 Mon-Friday 9-5 Mon-Sat 7 Days A Week (Phone for weekend 9-5 pm 9-5 arrangements) 39 SM214 SM220 - : SM222 _ E, NETRASIRI BEAUTY SM223 SM248 SM250 SM253 SM257 SM261 SM269 ‘SM270 SM276 SM282 SM283 SM287 SM292 SM294 SM298 SM300 SM302 SM304 SM305 SM309 SM310 5M311 SM313 SM314 5M318 td Blc. [(Yellow peril x Malworth) x Sunset Bay] “Tainan Beauty” SM361 SM377 | fees Al Blc. Chinese Beauty “Miss Universe” Cattleya Mericlone Flask (30-40 plants/per flask) Slc. Precious Stones “True Beauty” AM/AOS Blc. Malworth Sunset “Orchidglade” Pot. Fuchsia Fantasy “Orchidglade” AM/AOS Letna. Roye Field “Caesar's Creek” AM/AOS Le. Yung Hwa “Venus” AM/AOS-OSROC Blc. Honolulu Sunset “Waikida” Blc. Gold of Tainan “South Green” AM/RHS Slc. Pumpkin Festival “Cheng Ching” AM/OSROC Lc. Rosina Richardson “Sun Moon Beauty” Blc. Owen Holmes “Tainan Beauty” Blc. (Yellow Peril x Malworth) “Sun Moon Beauty” Blc. Chinese Beauty “Miss Universe” Slc. Golden Wax “Wu” Blc. Toshie Aoki “Pizazz"’ AM/AOS Blc. Edisto “Red Fantasy” Hasegawaara Scully’s Tipperary “The Queen” Blc. Rattanakosin “Wu” Slc. Wendy’s Valentine “June” Ble. (Pirate King x Purple Ruby) “Tainan Beauty” Blc. Angkinantana “Tainan Beauty” Blc. Bold Ruler “Shonan” C. Califlora “Z1030” Le. Men Sangah Chit “Yen” Blc. Dawson City “Mendenhall” Blc. (Chine x Fortune) “Sun Moon Beauty” AM/OSROC Pot. Alyce Kaiser “Orchid Center” Blc. Frank Fordyce “Borneo Gal” Blc. [(Yellow Peril x Malworth) x Sunset Bay] “Tainan Beauty” Blc. Irquois Trail “Midfarm” FCC/AOS Blc. Owen Holmes “Black Pearl” Discounts: Over US$ 500....... oogonia Less 10 Over US$1,000...........ssccce008 Special offer: Complete set of above 30 varieties for US$1,400. US$ 40 US$ 50 US$ 60 US$ 50 US$ 60 US$ 50 US$ 80 US$ 60 US$ 100 US$ 75 US$ 50 US$ 40 US$ 75 US$ 60 US$ 50 US$ 40 US$ 50 US$ 50 US$ 95 US$ 60 US$ 50 US$ 100 US$ 40 US$ 70 Please send US$3.00 for latest catalog. 7 Blc Rattanakosin “Nonelik” AM/CST details. P.O. Box 32, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China Tel: (06) 235 0691 Fax: (06) 236 8811 Australian & New Zealand Agents wanted. Please contact us for further cig Ss reisig eo saceactane ster neegmean gen erica apie east ser Soon seer wate an Sah ee SS fe siNees ¢ Ash is Sia ceeneeeen ene phos bs aS sie siteeselziestteayt oh pt aoe esnros senses a Sates: eee eee ae ie eae eta Renta Si iearcons te oe noes eee, Beas mee Sans eee Setetae! we aaa a see