mM OMM LEO LI TIU XE MMMMMM UL LL TT E MM pipi ! ' FT

TT EF EE

MO MM i

mm Mm LL n HJUL

BEEBE SEE

ds M E ee et eee VOLUME 10, NO. 4 JULY 1793 FRIC

SIN HE MILNE ALIE. KXXX —"———Q

Li H Lr cream Eee

Df any articles are copied kindiy credit SMUG BYTES and Author.

ISSCC SCCCCCSSCOSOSSSSCLOSOS SS Seles Ss 2 aes, POA EK R COOCEOKOOOGE IOGGOO Go IOC ACR x koo | | * JRKING MEMBERS x SMUG MILUMA

AREA

deo e a AC LOL òc x E 2 ge bé

All Area Codes ARE 414 X * uteotit grec. * * * he interge * ~ Bild use. ando *

the Timex /

V. - * x -— x Eu wx SMUG: mmBintains a gratis x

* Noc Pew L E fore oy *

AU * X ly ZO ser *

x Kol. 5. and egere Diubs [ x

* * ending newsletters for morae x

= Dick Cultice x KX than.ó.months.are removed from *

Aen SoS 1

3 35 ET

mur mailing list.

3e de € de 306 X6 3€ 3€ 3€ c per ee

X The editor will try to maintain * monthly publication but * x

* x x Cultics * X letter subscription is * uAZ-XSST1 * * ilable for only x Librarians: ¥ x bici Ae or * * * embership of x k = Ed Pawlowski * x X 1-238-0260 * * Advertizing cost fa pi x * X running far j i E Books - Dennis Nickel x XK copy may be ach j * 1-284-97&671 * K but you must supply apy. * x X * x

nnot

3 ox

C ~ Dick Cultice Meetings Suspended

guarantee it and may skip month from time to time,

Hames ~ Neal Schultz Sed Sat of Month SS3-4522

* Editor and contact person: Ko Lloyd Dreger (414) 221-0574 * .2461.5. 79th St.

x est Allis, WI PARAT td Call for Information REDIT x T l Kk Meetings: ist Tues! of! Month. X Places: Equitable Bank * 145 & Capitol Drive oo: x | Milwaukee.WI SIE x x x *

* l * Hardware = Gordon Kraemer x

* E ;

* aL - - Rudy Hilsmann

x Ard WED of Month 251-5291 Spectrum - Rudy Hilsmann Jrd WED of Month 221-5291

Time: 6:20 to 10:00°p.m. 7:30 Business Meeting

3€ 3 5e 3 3€ € X 3€ * X x HR x E C" eM Ox

OOO III IGOR OK Kk OHOO AO AOK AOAO OK KKK OK 929 29929:

Qf Mice and Men

New scientific disciplines- and endeavors have a big advantage over well established ones in that there are no set guidelines for how any- thing is done or accomplished. The encrustation of age come later.

For example, back in the dawn of the

computering era when programs were hand wired as were memories, the byte was only 3 bits long and counting in octal was in vogue. But a byte could- n't hold enough numbers for a decade so a 4th bit was added creating nexadecimal counting with the very

original? use of the letters A through F to represent the notations of the tenth. to fifteenth digits. This bit byte was: called the Special commands were added to handle decimal notation in the CPU. Soon two nybbles were added to create the 8 bit byte so that it could hold both a high and a low decimal number. Assembly languages were unheard of and one did- n't waste memory storing the program. Logic gates were separate devices.

It didn't take very long for the byte to evolve this far. Everything was in a state of flux. Everything was grow- ing rapidly with new ideas thick and fast. Things were moving. Machines were proliferating all over the place, each with its own protocols. A person could speak his thoughts and someone would listen. Or one could write an article and get it published. A

evolved idea was

has the None at all.- for all time.

lot of other things. Computering hardware was "getting set in ways". Nowhere along the way did a

byte The.

But how much since?

frozen

committee meet and say, "This is, the’

best way to do things. so let's make it

a standard." as was the wont of elec-- But-it didn't take two.» If- one: :

engineers. Just a decade or

trical long.

1 new b "nybble".-

coming' really-

So.also were a-

its:

wrong, , tendency to ‘prevent further evolution.

: Some of | sense to ion : customers will . its

. the

|" that brought . the . thing , Tey

The . computer the rest of science in general only on 'a compressed , Physics | century : cular point, the time.

them one would be the "voice of one crving in the wilderness." Right o protocols and standards have a

stop experimentation and

to bring everyone "Our captive

way just so company Z's

is helter or worse,

do it this compatible with product." In a certain sense it was leader of the pack setting the standards which evervone tried to copy us the "clones". But when leader went her (now days every-

is feminine gender!) own way to to captivate customers, nobody followed.

this the own,

necessary skelter, his

NOT

industry is typical of

Whereas take a

scale. would

time . Chemistry two to evolve to a parti- computing did it in l/3rd The sifting and winnowing if > the

or or

‘much faster. It is now the time of .genetists. l

-ious scientific journal i review".

,even get ; Once

: ions. will

-quo (mice, ;new ideas (men).

tried changes, now. ore even spoke of l

Mod We er oon

To get papers published in a prestig- requires "peer

First, to even get up for review you have to be somebody of note or come from an institution of note. Being a professor or worse, a student from a 2nd or 3rd rate college won't your paper up for review. in for review it had better be quite close to the thinking of the people reviewing it--your peers, if it is going to pass muster. Generally, it doesn't make it without a few revis- If its too far out of line it be rejected outright unless have a guardian sponsor guiding it through and backing you all the way on` the review committee. Thus, our pre- sent method of publication has a strong tendency to continue the

oft times blind) and stifle «

New, radical idéas in an. established *

you `

-Status `

published bv obscure

most times get professionals in that the mainstream of the profession never read. As ideas get buried only to decades and sometimes a (some of the stuff in been around that long

re-discovered and Some of the fault

tie ! ^

unger journals industry or such, great be discovered century later mathematics has before getting finally put to use). of this is in the rashness of the young men doing the writing. A less radical approach with moderation would have won the day. So there is some- thing to say about the temperance and

wisdom? of age. Let's just say that the present method of publication doesn't promote new ideas as well as

it should.

One branch of science in particular

produced a fossil--

The Rig Bang theory has been around since the '20s and has been patched and repatched so often and still is so full of holes (unex-

ained facts) it resembles a teen- agers favorite jeans (books have been written on what is all wrong with the theory!). Its only saving grace is the explaination of the "red shift" of starlight. To some astronomers this has turned into the "Doppler Red Shift Law". A scientific law means that it has been proven beyond any shadow ot doubt. Most science today is just in the "theory" stage...one or two big steps removed from being a law.

seems to have namely astronomy.

The main endeavor today is the search for the Theory of FEverything--one grand set of equations that explains the entire cosmos from 10° to. 10°

meters, past, present and furture-- essentially combining the Unified theory of quantum mechanics (still

missing gravity. and still hunting. for missing quarks, gluons and the elusive gravitron) with the Rig Bang. Then for all practical purposes Physics will be a completed science. Once again, as in

er 1S80's Physics will be lamenting

-S demise.

I tind this attempt quite premature. We are a:far ways away from being able to write the final equations of a theory of everything especially when one.considers the language we have to write this theory in: (mathematics) is

still clumsy and very incomplete. (Over 90% of the differential equations have no solutions!) The string theories of mathematics still must be worked out. Theoretists sometimes have to invent their own mathematics just like Newton (fluxions

(statistical religious,

of calculus) and Einstein calculus). Or, if you are "Who do. you think you are, God?" After all, this theory will explain creation and Armegeddon (not the battle but the

end of the universe)!

Rut then on the other hand the easiest

office that one can set up would be one for theoretical work. All you need is a room and a personal computer with

a word processor. After all, you: don't

have to "prove" anything--just write. Want proof? Take "black holes"--stars with infinate density. They are black because not even light can escape. Well, infinite density means zero occupied space which means no radius and infers that it has’ no spin

One big gigantic black hole start of the Rig

momentum. is reponsible for the

Bang in the first place. BUT, these

holes can radiate energy! Whoops, I

though -black holes were so strong in

gravity that not even light can. escape. Well, energy means light, be

it in the untra-violet, visible,

infra-red, heat waves or radio waves.

Its all light and its all quantized.

Tiny black holes are so hot that they

can radiate away energv even though

normal: temperature? energy can't: escape. : B

BULL! Energy doesn't have temperature.

Tf a photon gets too energetic it turns this energy into mass. Do» you. get the. feeling something i$ wrong:

here? Well, a theory doesn't have to- make sense, just sound scientific. .-

2069 Code Eytez--it4 by Lloyd Dreger

Although this routine is used in a gama Ut desired.

can be used anywhere a menu is

Like the previous routines in NE) use is made of the

; already in ROM--if we "of memory we might

advantage of it.

“aves fen as as well take

This is a general menu routine that is called with the following registers uet:

Ezdboof items in menu

CzWhat column to run the cursor from. The printing will start one column beyond that. Sorry but each menu starts at the top of the screen at line O. At least you can have left, Middle and right menus if you need asiabmemus. c7. : ira ST

DE- address of menu names —-1. (What gach line will say.) Menu items must ' be consecutive in this list and must not be so long as run onto a 2nd line af screen. The last letter of each line must have bit 7 set as a flag to indic the end--see how this is used in FX. FN and FM also use FX but are not used to print-the menu.

Peint MENL prints the menu and calls MaveCURsor which runs the memu by moving the cursor up and down and

automatically recycling when at the

top or bottom.

SetTV sets the screen to top. screen while GetTV returns the screen to the previous a

GETINFut ise a general input routine that works for pog ou durus and- joystick. ; :

The routines can be located anywhere, in CONQUEST its located at 60148 and that address is used for the present code.

TM EQU Br CO FLAG DN BASIC VARIABLES

TVF EQ prn (SAVE SPACE IN. GAME VARIABLE TABLE): Feet

50148 53,460,923 STY LD A, (TV) $0151 30,125, 204 LD CVF) A 60154 203, 125 RES O,A UPPER SCREEN

FORCE

60244 60245 | 60246

60156 20,450,982 GT

60127 201 60160 40145 30, 125,204 60166 BOR, 129 LOWER SCREEN 60159 24,242

60170 58, 125, 204 60173 50,60,92 60176 201

38,60,92 STVO LD A,

GTV LD A,

LD «TV, RET CTN)

LD (TYF), A l UO

SET O,A FORCE JR ST (TYE)

LD (TV),A RET

60177 to 60184 is another short Poutine ner used here

60185 S0, 94, 225 PMENU LD

60188 205,244,234 60191 120

60192 50,93, 235 0195 197 ^ 60196 213 ^" FF 60197 197

"60198" 52,22 ©

460200 215

60201 58,92, 235 60204 71 ` 60205 58,94, 235 60208 128g ^ 560209 193

60210 144 60211 197 — 60712 215 | 60213 19%

60214 121 60215 197

60216 215 60217* 193

60218 209^ 60219 197 60220 205, 80, 225 60223 193 ^ 60224 16,2926 60225 193 60227. 205,96, 2255 60220 24,194 ROUTINE

60232: 205, 72, 248 FN CALL FINDM+3,

$0225

ed.

60227 205, 29, 248 PM GALL FINDM PEL ING DELI, 7.

ZED A (DE) ~ RES, 7, A . PUSH, DE. -RST 16

. FOF DE

60240 19. 60241 256 60242 203

60247 60248 202,127

60250 40,242

&0252 ZO1

(LINE), A CALL STV

LD A,B

LD (JFLAG),A FUSH BC FUSH DE FUSH EC LD A, 22 RST 14 LD A; LD B.A -— LD A, (LINE) ADD A.B.

DO AN AT

(JFLAG)

POF BC - í à SUE I WY

FUSH BC RST 16 FOF BC UD. D.

FUSH BC

RST 16 FOF RC

“POF DE

FUSH EC CALL, FX FOF BC DINZ FF FOF BC CALL MCUR

SOR GTV END. OF.

JR PX

LD A, (DE) BIT 7,A JR Z,PX RET

40255 0 JFLAG

HOA 0 LINE

1 COL 121 MCUR

EE gal = itt arigi cra COLO SI ce)

72 13

50252 602623 175 602649 71

603695 38,

mare PA a 2555

60269 TO, o 50271 19 ERASE 60272 52.22

WITH JFLAG AND COL 60274 B15

50275 59,92, 225 560278 213

560279? 98,929,233 40282 213

50282. Ada e

A SPACE

ó60289 215.

450286 62,22

AT WITH LINE+E AND 40288 2 215

aaah 193

Eo 58,94, 225 60293

50294

DEFE © DEFE O

DEFE 1

LD AC UM VT DEC A

LD (COL), A LD C,E

DEC C.

XOR A

LD E.A

LD A, CLINE)

LD (JFLAG),A

FUSH BC

LD 4,22 DO AN AT RST 16

LD A, (JFLAG)

RST.16

LD A, (COL)

‘ST 16

LD A, .BLANK | FRINT. RST 1é D]

LD meee els DO AN COL

RST 16 FOF BC - LD A, (LINE)

ADD A,B LD

: (IFLA) «A. .60297 Fus AIN basaan 18 oo RST 26 3 eese OO, 75, 2x5 ED A, (GB Er SONGS 215 AST 16 "M. prece LD aUo" dI

403 RST 14 CURSUR REPRINTED

60206 195 FOF BC

60207 205,184,235 CJ CALL GETINF THIS ROUTINE WAITS FOR AN INFUT WHICH IS

RETURNED IN A. WE INTERESTED IN THE BUTTON COMMANDS.

WILL ONLY BE JOYSTICK

UF DOWN AND

S0310 202,79 BIT 1,A 40312 40,11 JR Z, UFA 60214 121 LD A,C 40315 184 CF B 60315 40,3 JR Z, UFL 49318 4 INC & 60319 24,206 JR ERASE 60321 4,0 UFI me DS | 60323 24,202 "- ^ JR ERASE AMES 203,71 UPX BIT 6,4 ^^ woe? 40,10 - JR Z, BUT, 40329 173 XOR A -60220 184 CER BV &60X31 40,5 JR Z,DW1 GOZZI 5 DEC E 60334 24,191, , JR ERASE ,

all if you want to return to BASIC)

em Dui LD EAC 24,199 JR ERASE 202, 127 BUT. BIT 7,6 d 40,220 JR Z,CJ GOTZAI BOL RET (ONLY RETURN IF BUTTON IS FRESSED. YOUR RETURN NOU

SELECTED MENU ITEM.

THIS INFUT ROUTINE DEFENDS UFON THE BASIC RST 54 NOT BEING DISABLED SO THE

KEYBOARD CAN BE DECIFHERED. SEE THE

DISCUSSION IN CODE BYTES #1.

GET INE

60244 175 XOR A

60245 S0.9,92. LD (LASTE), RESET LASTE TO GET RID OF ANY OLD INFUT 60248 118 HALT DEBOUNCE 60249 118 HALT

60350. 118. JL HALT S0E51°62,14 LD à,14 CHECK JOYSTICK FIRST 60552 211,245 2° ° "(QUT (245),A 60355 62,5 LD A, CHECK BOTH JOYSTICKS 60357 219,246 °° IN AY (246) ©

XOR 233 INPUT IS

il D Lom 60359 228,255

ACTIVE LOW. WE WANT ACTIVE HIGH Sa INVERT.

GOZ61 Z2,7 JR ZJM FOUND NO JOYSTICK INFUT SQ CHECK KEYBOARD. 60565 5B,8,92 "o LD A, (LASTED 450266 254.0 CFE O

40268 40, 256 JR Z,JL FOUND NOTHING SO CHECK AGAIN.

60270 201 RET

THIS INFUT ROUTINE IS VERY FAST. IF

YOU WANT MORE WAITING ADD MORE HALTS.

If each of your menu items is a jump to another routine without the need

for a return, you mala all the starting addresses and then do this bit of code which is much shorter than all the Np m and jump rela: LD HL, TABLE -- INC E (B nA he zero) INI HL. t INC HL DINZ XYZ JF CHL)

TABLE...addr of Poss item. If you need to return to the menu for routines, (which is not the case You on: the

can a table of

can push the return address stack and leave it there.

——————ARR—n———w—wW—»»——»4»—»——»—A——^———-——— rrr 1 + ; Mo

Took tet

+ C 0 N A U E S T í(c?1993 by Lloyd Dreger + + re + A Strategic Generic War Game for the Bose. Ses uw + TIME: A few centuries- {rom now. 2 ] 4 * FLACE: An unknown inhabited planet. zx E + : YOU: Commander of Expeditionary Force. ] -+ + MISSION: Capture said planet. + $ INTELLIGENCE: Enemy seen scouting same planet. + + STRATEGY: Find and capture Flanet’s cities. + + Direct production to aid your war effort. + + Defeat enemy when found. + ax SITUATION: You have just captured your first city. 4 T s 4- + x Can generate new random map every time or play map of your choice. + + X For 2 or 3 combatants. Flay against the computer or your: friends. + + x Production times and fighting ability Scsue eels for each player-- * * keeps game a challenge at all times. 4- + X Completely in fast machine code. Games can be savedkand continued. + + : + + Available on Tape, Aerco Disk or Olliger Disk. Dame and map saves in + _ bas ic to allow adoption to your. syst Erice &19.95 * $2.50 = H + ; : sale a 4- Order from: SMUG or = Lloyd” Dreger HL BOX 101 : x 2451.8. 79th St. mx + Butler, WI S007 . . k ere UT E + + z ; : +

SMUG BYTES 2461 8. 79th St. West Allis, WI 53219

* NITE-TIMES NEWS, = j: E 613 Parkside Circle En REM

Streamwood . IL. 60107= ):

editiei? $8 ^—— llli